From 5a0bd3bdb3f99407f19bfe6d3085d9dfc97347ae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: sjplimp
Any of the 3 quantities defining the E-field components can be -specified as an equal-style or atom-style variable, namely -ex, ey, ez. If the value is a variable, it should be specified -as v_ID, where ID is the variable ID. In this case, the variable will -be evaluated each timestep, and its value used to determine the -E-field component. +specified as an equal-style or atom-style variable, +namely ex, ey, ez. If the value is a variable, it should be +specified as v_ID, where ID is the variable ID. In this case, the +variable will be evaluated each timestep, and its value used to +determine the E-field component.
Equal-style variables can specify formulas with various mathematical
functions, and include thermo_style command
diff --git a/doc/fix_efield.txt b/doc/fix_efield.txt
index d62757f415..3cb4801cb1 100644
--- a/doc/fix_efield.txt
+++ b/doc/fix_efield.txt
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ Add a force F = qE to each charged atom in the group due to an
external electric field being applied to the system.
Any of the 3 quantities defining the E-field components can be
-specified as an equal-style or atom-style "variable"_variable, namely
-{ex}, {ey}, {ez}. If the value is a variable, it should be specified
-as v_ID, where ID is the variable ID. In this case, the variable will
-be evaluated each timestep, and its value used to determine the
-E-field component.
+specified as an equal-style or atom-style "variable"_variable.html,
+namely {ex}, {ey}, {ez}. If the value is a variable, it should be
+specified as v_ID, where ID is the variable ID. In this case, the
+variable will be evaluated each timestep, and its value used to
+determine the E-field component.
Equal-style variables can specify formulas with various mathematical
functions, and include "thermo_style"_thermo_style.html command
From e2840e300d0307a31c142a2613c8087be896af39 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: sjplimp
IMPORTANT NOTE: It is highly recommended that you use a pair -style that goes to 0.0 at the cutoff distance when -performing minimization (even if you later change it when running -dynamics). If this is not done, the total energy of the system will -have discontinuities when the relative distance between any pair of -atoms changes from cutoff+epsilon to cutoff-epsilon and the minimizer -may behave poorly. +
IMPORTANT NOTE: There are several force fields in LAMMPS which have +discontinuities or other approximations which may prevent you from +performing an energy minimization to high tolerances. For example, +you should use a pair style that goes to 0.0 at the +cutoff distance when performing minimization (even if you later change +it when running dynamics). If you do not do this, the total energy of +the system will have discontinuities when the relative distance +between any pair of atoms changes from cutoff+epsilon to +cutoff-epsilon and the minimizer may behave poorly. Some of the +manybody potentials use splines and other internal cutoffs that +inherently have this problem. The long-range Coulombic +styles (PPPM, Ewald) are approximate to within the +user-specified tolerance, which means their energy and forces may not +agree to a higher precision than the Kspace-specified tolerance. In +all these cases, the minimizer may give up and stop before finding a +minimum to the specified energy or force tolerance.
Note that a cutoff Lennard-Jones potential (and others) can be shifted so that its energy is 0.0 at the cutoff via the diff --git a/doc/minimize.txt b/doc/minimize.txt index a37c063aef..5302f233f1 100644 --- a/doc/minimize.txt +++ b/doc/minimize.txt @@ -148,13 +148,22 @@ The iterations and force evaluation values are what is checked by the :line -IMPORTANT NOTE: It is highly recommended that you use a "pair -style"_pair_style.html that goes to 0.0 at the cutoff distance when -performing minimization (even if you later change it when running -dynamics). If this is not done, the total energy of the system will -have discontinuities when the relative distance between any pair of -atoms changes from cutoff+epsilon to cutoff-epsilon and the minimizer -may behave poorly. +IMPORTANT NOTE: There are several force fields in LAMMPS which have +discontinuities or other approximations which may prevent you from +performing an energy minimization to high tolerances. For example, +you should use a "pair style"_pair_style.html that goes to 0.0 at the +cutoff distance when performing minimization (even if you later change +it when running dynamics). If you do not do this, the total energy of +the system will have discontinuities when the relative distance +between any pair of atoms changes from cutoff+epsilon to +cutoff-epsilon and the minimizer may behave poorly. Some of the +manybody potentials use splines and other internal cutoffs that +inherently have this problem. The "long-range Coulombic +styles"_kspace_style.html (PPPM, Ewald) are approximate to within the +user-specified tolerance, which means their energy and forces may not +agree to a higher precision than the Kspace-specified tolerance. In +all these cases, the minimizer may give up and stop before finding a +minimum to the specified energy or force tolerance. Note that a cutoff Lennard-Jones potential (and others) can be shifted so that its energy is 0.0 at the cutoff via the