634 lines
18 KiB
C++
634 lines
18 KiB
C++
// clang-format off
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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LAMMPS - Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator
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https://www.lammps.org/, Sandia National Laboratories
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LAMMPS development team: developers@lammps.org
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Copyright (2003) Sandia Corporation. Under the terms of Contract
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DE-AC04-94AL85000 with Sandia Corporation, the U.S. Government retains
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certain rights in this software. This software is distributed under
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the GNU General Public License.
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See the README file in the top-level LAMMPS directory.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Contributing authors: Julien Tranchida (SNL)
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Aidan Thompson (SNL)
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Please cite the related publication:
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Tranchida, J., Plimpton, S. J., Thibaudeau, P., & Thompson, A. P. (2018).
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Massively parallel symplectic algorithm for coupled magnetic spin dynamics
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and molecular dynamics. Journal of Computational Physics.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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#include "fix_precession_spin.h"
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#include <cmath>
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#include <cstring>
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#include "atom.h"
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#include "error.h"
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#include "force.h"
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#include "input.h"
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#include "math_const.h"
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#include "memory.h"
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#include "modify.h"
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#include "respa.h"
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#include "update.h"
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#include "variable.h"
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using namespace LAMMPS_NS;
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using namespace FixConst;
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using namespace MathConst;
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enum{CONSTANT,EQUAL};
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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FixPrecessionSpin::FixPrecessionSpin(LAMMPS *lmp, int narg, char **arg) :
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Fix(lmp, narg, arg), emag(nullptr)
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{
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if (narg < 7) error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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// magnetic interactions coded for cartesian coordinates
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hbar = force->hplanck/MY_2PI;
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dynamic_group_allow = 1;
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scalar_flag = 1;
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global_freq = 1;
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extscalar = 1;
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energy_global_flag = 1;
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respa_level_support = 1;
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ilevel_respa = 0;
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magstr = nullptr;
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magfieldstyle = CONSTANT;
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H_field = 0.0;
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nhx = nhy = nhz = 0.0;
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hx = hy = hz = 0.0;
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stt_field = 0.0;
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nsttx = nstty = nsttz = 0.0;
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sttx = stty = sttz = 0.0;
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Ka = 0.0;
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nax = nay = naz = 0.0;
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Kax = Kay = Kaz = 0.0;
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k1c = k2c = 0.0;
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nc1x = nc1y = nc1z = 0.0;
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nc2x = nc2y = nc2z = 0.0;
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nc3x = nc3y = nc3z = 0.0;
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K6 = 0.0;
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n6x = n6y = n6z = 0.0;
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m6x = m6y = m6z = 0.0;
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zeeman_flag = stt_flag = aniso_flag = cubic_flag = hexaniso_flag = 0;
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int iarg = 3;
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while (iarg < narg) {
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if (strcmp(arg[iarg],"zeeman") == 0) {
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if (iarg+4 > narg) error->all(FLERR,"Illegal fix precession/spin command");
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zeeman_flag = 1;
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H_field = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+1],false,lmp);
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nhx = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+2],false,lmp);
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nhy = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+3],false,lmp);
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nhz = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+4],false,lmp);
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iarg += 5;
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} else if (strcmp(arg[iarg],"stt") == 0) {
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if (iarg+4 > narg) error->all(FLERR,"Illegal fix precession/spin command");
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stt_flag = 1;
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stt_field = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+1],false,lmp);
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nsttx = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+2],false,lmp);
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nstty = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+3],false,lmp);
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nsttz = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+4],false,lmp);
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iarg += 5;
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} else if (strcmp(arg[iarg],"anisotropy") == 0) {
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if (iarg+4 > narg) error->all(FLERR,"Illegal fix precession/spin command");
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aniso_flag = 1;
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Ka = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+1],false,lmp);
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nax = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+2],false,lmp);
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nay = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+3],false,lmp);
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naz = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+4],false,lmp);
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iarg += 5;
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} else if (strcmp(arg[iarg],"cubic") == 0) {
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if (iarg+2 > narg) error->all(FLERR,"Illegal fix precession/spin command");
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cubic_flag = 1;
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k1c = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+1],false,lmp);
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k2c = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+2],false,lmp);
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nc1x = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+3],false,lmp);
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nc1y = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+4],false,lmp);
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nc1z = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+5],false,lmp);
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nc2x = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+6],false,lmp);
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nc2y = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+7],false,lmp);
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nc2z = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+8],false,lmp);
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nc3x = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+9],false,lmp);
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nc3y = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+10],false,lmp);
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nc3z = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+11],false,lmp);
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iarg += 12;
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} else if (strcmp(arg[iarg],"hexaniso") == 0) {
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if (iarg+7 > narg) error->all(FLERR,"Illegal fix precession/spin command");
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hexaniso_flag = 1;
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K6 = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+1],false,lmp);
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n6x = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+2],false,lmp);
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n6y = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+3],false,lmp);
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n6z = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+4],false,lmp);
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m6x = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+5],false,lmp);
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m6y = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+6],false,lmp);
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m6z = utils::numeric(FLERR,arg[iarg+7],false,lmp);
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iarg += 8;
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} else error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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}
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// normalize vectors
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double norm2,inorm;
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if (zeeman_flag) {
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norm2 = nhx*nhx + nhy*nhy + nhz*nhz;
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if (norm2 == 0.0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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inorm = 1.0/sqrt(norm2);
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nhx *= inorm;
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nhy *= inorm;
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nhz *= inorm;
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}
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if (stt_flag) {
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norm2 = nsttx*nsttx + nstty*nstty + nsttz*nsttz;
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if (norm2 == 0.0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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inorm = 1.0/sqrt(norm2);
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nsttx *= inorm;
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nstty *= inorm;
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nsttz *= inorm;
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}
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if (aniso_flag) {
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norm2 = nax*nax + nay*nay + naz*naz;
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if (norm2 == 0.0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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inorm = 1.0/sqrt(norm2);
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nax *= inorm;
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nay *= inorm;
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naz *= inorm;
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}
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if (cubic_flag) {
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norm2 = nc1x*nc1x + nc1y*nc1y + nc1z*nc1z;
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if (norm2 == 0.0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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inorm = 1.0/sqrt(norm2);
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nc1x *= inorm;
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nc1y *= inorm;
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nc1z *= inorm;
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norm2 = nc2x*nc2x + nc2y*nc2y + nc2z*nc2z;
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if (norm2 == 0.0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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inorm = 1.0/sqrt(norm2);
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nc2x *= inorm;
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nc2y *= inorm;
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nc2z *= inorm;
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norm2 = nc3x*nc3x + nc3y*nc3y + nc3z*nc3z;
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if (norm2 == 0.0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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inorm = 1.0/sqrt(norm2);
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nc3x *= inorm;
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nc3y *= inorm;
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nc3z *= inorm;
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}
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if (hexaniso_flag) {
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norm2 = n6x*n6x + n6y*n6y + n6z*n6z;
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if (norm2 == 0.0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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inorm = 1.0/sqrt(norm2);
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n6x *= inorm;
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n6y *= inorm;
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n6z *= inorm;
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norm2 = m6x*m6x + m6y*m6y + m6z*m6z;
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if (norm2 == 0.0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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inorm = 1.0/sqrt(norm2);
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m6x *= inorm;
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m6y *= inorm;
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m6z *= inorm;
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l6x = (n6z*m6y-n6y*m6z);
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l6y = (n6x*m6z-n6z*m6x);
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l6z = (n6y*m6x-n6x*m6y);
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norm2 = l6x*l6x + l6y*l6y + l6z*l6z;
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if (norm2 == 0.0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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inorm = 1.0/sqrt(norm2);
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l6x *= inorm;
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l6y *= inorm;
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l6z *= inorm;
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m6x = (l6z*n6y-l6y*n6z);
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m6y = (l6x*n6z-l6z*n6x);
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m6z = (l6y*n6x-l6x*n6y);
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}
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degree2rad = MY_PI/180.0;
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time_origin = update->ntimestep;
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eflag = 0;
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eprec = 0.0;
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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FixPrecessionSpin::~FixPrecessionSpin()
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{
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delete [] magstr;
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memory->destroy(emag);
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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int FixPrecessionSpin::setmask()
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{
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int mask = 0;
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mask |= POST_FORCE;
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mask |= MIN_POST_FORCE;
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mask |= POST_FORCE_RESPA;
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return mask;
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::init()
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{
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const double hbar = force->hplanck/MY_2PI; // eV/(rad.THz)
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const double mub = 5.78901e-5; // in eV/T
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const double gyro = 2.0*mub/hbar; // in rad.THz/T
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// convert field quantities to rad.THz
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H_field *= gyro;
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Kah = Ka/hbar;
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k1ch = k1c/hbar;
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k2ch = k2c/hbar;
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K6h = K6/hbar;
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if (utils::strmatch(update->integrate_style,"^respa")) {
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ilevel_respa = (dynamic_cast<Respa *>(update->integrate))->nlevels-1;
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if (respa_level >= 0) ilevel_respa = MIN(respa_level,ilevel_respa);
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}
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if (magstr) {
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magvar = input->variable->find(magstr);
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if (magvar < 0)
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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if (!input->variable->equalstyle(magvar))
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error->all(FLERR,"Illegal precession/spin command");
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}
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varflag = CONSTANT;
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if (magfieldstyle != CONSTANT) varflag = EQUAL;
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// set magnetic field components
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if (varflag == CONSTANT) set_magneticprecession();
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// init. size of energy stacking lists
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nlocal_max = atom->nlocal;
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memory->grow(emag,nlocal_max,"pair/spin:emag");
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::setup(int vflag)
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{
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if (utils::strmatch(update->integrate_style,"^verlet"))
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post_force(vflag);
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else {
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(dynamic_cast<Respa *>(update->integrate))->copy_flevel_f(ilevel_respa);
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post_force_respa(vflag,ilevel_respa,0);
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(dynamic_cast<Respa *>(update->integrate))->copy_f_flevel(ilevel_respa);
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}
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::min_setup(int vflag)
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{
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post_force(vflag);
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::post_force(int /* vflag */)
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{
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// update mag field with time (potential improvement)
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if (varflag != CONSTANT) {
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modify->clearstep_compute();
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modify->addstep_compute(update->ntimestep + 1);
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set_magneticprecession(); // update mag. field if time-dep.
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}
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int *mask = atom->mask;
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double **fm = atom->fm;
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double **sp = atom->sp;
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const int nlocal = atom->nlocal;
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double spi[4], fmi[3], epreci;
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// checking size of emag
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if (nlocal_max < nlocal) { // grow emag lists if necessary
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nlocal_max = nlocal;
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memory->grow(emag,nlocal_max,"pair/spin:emag");
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}
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eflag = 0;
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eprec = 0.0;
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for (int i = 0; i < nlocal; i++) {
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emag[i] = 0.0;
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if (mask[i] & groupbit) {
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epreci = 0.0;
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spi[0] = sp[i][0];
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spi[1] = sp[i][1];
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spi[2] = sp[i][2];
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spi[3] = sp[i][3];
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fmi[0] = fmi[1] = fmi[2] = 0.0;
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if (zeeman_flag) { // compute Zeeman interaction
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compute_zeeman(i,fmi);
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epreci -= compute_zeeman_energy(spi);
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}
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if (stt_flag) { // compute Spin Transfer Torque
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compute_stt(spi,fmi);
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epreci -= compute_stt_energy(spi);
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}
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if (aniso_flag) { // compute magnetic anisotropy
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compute_anisotropy(spi,fmi);
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epreci -= compute_anisotropy_energy(spi);
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}
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if (cubic_flag) { // compute cubic anisotropy
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compute_cubic(spi,fmi);
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epreci -= compute_cubic_energy(spi);
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}
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if (hexaniso_flag) { // compute hexagonal anisotropy
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compute_hexaniso(spi,fmi);
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epreci -= compute_hexaniso_energy(spi);
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}
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emag[i] += epreci;
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eprec += epreci;
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fm[i][0] += fmi[0];
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fm[i][1] += fmi[1];
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fm[i][2] += fmi[2];
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}
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}
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::compute_single_precession(int i, double spi[3], double fmi[3])
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{
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int *mask = atom->mask;
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if (mask[i] & groupbit) {
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if (zeeman_flag) compute_zeeman(i,fmi);
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if (stt_flag) compute_stt(spi,fmi);
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if (aniso_flag) compute_anisotropy(spi,fmi);
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if (cubic_flag) compute_cubic(spi,fmi);
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if (hexaniso_flag) compute_hexaniso(spi,fmi);
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}
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}
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Zeeman
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------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::compute_zeeman(int i, double fmi[3])
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{
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double **sp = atom->sp;
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fmi[0] += sp[i][3]*hx;
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fmi[1] += sp[i][3]*hy;
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fmi[2] += sp[i][3]*hz;
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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double FixPrecessionSpin::compute_zeeman_energy(double spi[4])
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{
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double energy = 0.0;
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double scalar = nhx*spi[0]+nhy*spi[1]+nhz*spi[2];
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energy = hbar*H_field*spi[3]*scalar;
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return energy;
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}
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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STT
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------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::compute_stt(double spi[3], double fmi[3])
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{
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double sx = spi[0];
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double sy = spi[1];
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double sz = spi[2];
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fmi[0] += 1.0*stt_field*( sy*nsttz-sz*nstty);
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fmi[1] += 1.0*stt_field*(-sx*nsttz+sz*nsttx);
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fmi[2] += 1.0*stt_field*( sx*nstty-sy*nsttx);
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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double FixPrecessionSpin::compute_stt_energy(double * /* spi */)
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{
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double energy = 0.0; // Non-conservative force
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return energy;
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}
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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compute uniaxial anisotropy interaction for spin i
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------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::compute_anisotropy(double spi[3], double fmi[3])
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{
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double scalar = nax*spi[0] + nay*spi[1] + naz*spi[2];
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fmi[0] += scalar*Kax;
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fmi[1] += scalar*Kay;
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fmi[2] += scalar*Kaz;
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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double FixPrecessionSpin::compute_anisotropy_energy(double spi[3])
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{
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double energy = 0.0;
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double scalar = nax*spi[0] + nay*spi[1] + naz*spi[2];
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energy = Ka*scalar*scalar;
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return energy;
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}
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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compute cubic anisotropy interaction for spin i
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------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::compute_cubic(double spi[3], double fmi[3])
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{
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double skx,sky,skz,skx2,sky2,skz2;
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double four1,four2,four3,fourx,foury,fourz;
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double six1,six2,six3,sixx,sixy,sixz;
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skx = spi[0]*nc1x+spi[1]*nc1y+spi[2]*nc1z;
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sky = spi[0]*nc2x+spi[1]*nc2y+spi[2]*nc2z;
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skz = spi[0]*nc3x+spi[1]*nc3y+spi[2]*nc3z;
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skx2 = skx*skx;
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sky2 = sky*sky;
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skz2 = skz*skz;
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four1 = 2.0*skx*(sky2+skz2);
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four2 = 2.0*sky*(skx2+skz2);
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four3 = 2.0*skz*(skx2+sky2);
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fourx = k1ch*(nc1x*four1 + nc2x*four2 + nc3x*four3);
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foury = k1ch*(nc1y*four1 + nc2y*four2 + nc3y*four3);
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fourz = k1ch*(nc1z*four1 + nc2z*four2 + nc3z*four3);
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six1 = 2.0*skx*sky2*skz2;
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six2 = 2.0*sky*skx2*skz2;
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six3 = 2.0*skz*skx2*sky2;
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sixx = k2ch*(nc1x*six1 + nc2x*six2 + nc3x*six3);
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sixy = k2ch*(nc1y*six1 + nc2y*six2 + nc3y*six3);
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sixz = k2ch*(nc1z*six1 + nc2z*six2 + nc3z*six3);
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fmi[0] += (fourx + sixx);
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fmi[1] += (foury + sixy);
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fmi[2] += (fourz + sixz);
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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double FixPrecessionSpin::compute_cubic_energy(double spi[3])
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{
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double energy = 0.0;
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double skx,sky,skz;
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skx = spi[0]*nc1x+spi[1]*nc1y+spi[2]*nc1z;
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sky = spi[0]*nc2x+spi[1]*nc2y+spi[2]*nc2z;
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skz = spi[0]*nc3x+spi[1]*nc3y+spi[2]*nc3z;
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energy = k1c*(skx*skx*sky*sky + sky*sky*skz*skz + skx*skx*skz*skz);
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energy += k2c*skx*skx*sky*sky*skz*skz;
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return energy;
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}
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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compute hexagonal anisotropy interaction for spin i
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------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::compute_hexaniso(double spi[3], double fmi[3])
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{
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double s_x,s_y;
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double pf, phi, ssint2;
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// changing to the axes' frame
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s_x = l6x*spi[0]+l6y*spi[1]+l6z*spi[2];
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s_y = m6x*spi[0]+m6y*spi[1]+m6z*spi[2];
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// hexagonal anisotropy in the axes' frame
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phi = atan2(s_y,s_x);
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ssint2 = s_x*s_x + s_y*s_y; // s^2sin^2(theta)
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pf = 6.0 * K6h * ssint2*ssint2*sqrt(ssint2); // 6*K_6*s^5*sin^5(theta)
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double fm_x = pf*cos(5*phi);
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double fm_y = -pf*sin(5*phi);
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double fm_z = 0;
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// back to the lab's frame
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fmi[0] += fm_x*l6x+fm_y*m6x+fm_z*n6x;
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fmi[1] += fm_x*l6y+fm_y*m6y+fm_z*n6y;
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fmi[2] += fm_x*l6z+fm_y*m6z+fm_z*n6z;
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}
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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compute hexagonal aniso energy of spin i
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------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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double FixPrecessionSpin::compute_hexaniso_energy(double spi[3])
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{
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double energy = 0.0;
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double s_x,s_y,s_z, phi,ssint2;
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// changing to the axes' frame
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s_x = l6x*spi[0]+l6y*spi[1]+l6z*spi[2];
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s_y = m6x*spi[0]+m6y*spi[1]+m6z*spi[2];
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s_z = n6x*spi[0]+n6y*spi[1]+n6z*spi[2];
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// hexagonal anisotropy in the axes' frame
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phi = atan2(s_y,s_z);
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ssint2 = s_x*s_x + s_y*s_y;
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energy = K6 * ssint2*ssint2*ssint2*cos(6*phi);
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return 2.0*energy;
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::set_magneticprecession()
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{
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if (zeeman_flag) {
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hx = H_field*nhx;
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hy = H_field*nhy;
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hz = H_field*nhz;
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}
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if (stt_flag) {
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sttx = stt_field*nsttx;
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stty = stt_field*nstty;
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sttz = stt_field*nsttz;
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}
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if (aniso_flag) {
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Kax = 2.0*Kah*nax;
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Kay = 2.0*Kah*nay;
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Kaz = 2.0*Kah*naz;
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}
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}
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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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potential energy in magnetic field
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------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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double FixPrecessionSpin::compute_scalar()
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{
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// only sum across procs one time
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if (eflag == 0) {
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MPI_Allreduce(&eprec,&eprec_all,1,MPI_DOUBLE,MPI_SUM,world);
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eflag = 1;
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}
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return eprec_all;
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::min_post_force(int vflag)
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{
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post_force(vflag);
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}
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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void FixPrecessionSpin::post_force_respa(int vflag, int ilevel, int /*iloop*/)
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{
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if (ilevel == ilevel_respa) post_force(vflag);
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}
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