380 lines
28 KiB
HTML
380 lines
28 KiB
HTML
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<title>improper_style command — LAMMPS documentation</title>
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<div class="lammps_version">Version: <b>19 Nov 2024</b></div>
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<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">User Guide</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Intro.html">1. Introduction</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Install.html">2. Install LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Build.html">3. Build LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Run_head.html">4. Run LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Commands.html">5. Commands</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Packages.html">6. Optional packages</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Speed.html">7. Accelerate performance</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Examples.html">9. Example scripts</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Tools.html">10. Auxiliary tools</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Errors.html">11. Errors</a></li>
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<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Programmer Guide</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Library.html">1. LAMMPS Library Interfaces</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Python_head.html">2. Use Python with LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Modify.html">3. Modifying & extending LAMMPS</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Developer.html">4. Information for Developers</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Command Reference</span></p>
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<ul class="current">
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<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="commands_list.html">Commands</a><ul class="current">
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="angle_coeff.html">angle_coeff command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="angle_style.html">angle_style command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="angle_write.html">angle_write command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="atom_modify.html">atom_modify command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="atom_style.html">atom_style command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="balance.html">balance command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="bond_coeff.html">bond_coeff command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="bond_style.html">bond_style command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="bond_write.html">bond_write command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="boundary.html">boundary command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="change_box.html">change_box command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="clear.html">clear command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="comm_modify.html">comm_modify command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="comm_style.html">comm_style command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compute.html">compute command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compute_modify.html">compute_modify command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="create_atoms.html">create_atoms command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="create_bonds.html">create_bonds command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="create_box.html">create_box command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="delete_atoms.html">delete_atoms command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="delete_bonds.html">delete_bonds command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dielectric.html">dielectric command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dihedral_coeff.html">dihedral_coeff command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dihedral_style.html">dihedral_style command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dihedral_write.html">dihedral_write command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dimension.html">dimension command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="displace_atoms.html">displace_atoms command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="dynamical_matrix.html">dynamical_matrix command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="echo.html">echo command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="fix.html">fix command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="fix_modify.html">fix_modify command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="fitpod_command.html">fitpod command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="geturl.html">geturl command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="group.html">group command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="group2ndx.html">group2ndx command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="group2ndx.html#ndx2group-command">ndx2group command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hyper.html">hyper command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="if.html">if command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="improper_coeff.html">improper_coeff command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">improper_style command</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#syntax">Syntax</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#examples">Examples</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#description">Description</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#restrictions">Restrictions</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#related-commands">Related commands</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#default">Default</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="include.html">include command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="info.html">info command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="jump.html">jump command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="kim_commands.html">kim command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="kspace_modify.html">kspace_modify command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="kspace_style.html">kspace_style command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="label.html">label command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="labelmap.html">labelmap command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="lattice.html">lattice command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="log.html">log command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="mass.html">mass command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="mdi.html">mdi command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_modify.html">min_modify command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_spin.html">min_style spin command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_spin.html#min-style-spin-cg-command">min_style spin/cg command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_spin.html#min-style-spin-lbfgs-command">min_style spin/lbfgs command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_style.html">min_style cg command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_style.html#min-style-hftn-command">min_style hftn command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_style.html#min-style-sd-command">min_style sd command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_style.html#min-style-quickmin-command">min_style quickmin command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_style.html#min-style-fire-command">min_style fire command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_style.html#min-style-spin-command"><span class="xref std std-doc">min_style spin</span> command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_style.html#min-style-spin-cg-command"><span class="xref std std-doc">min_style spin/cg</span> command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="min_style.html#min-style-spin-lbfgs-command"><span class="xref std std-doc">min_style spin/lbfgs</span> command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="minimize.html">minimize command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="molecule.html">molecule command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="neb.html">neb command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="neb_spin.html">neb/spin command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="neigh_modify.html">neigh_modify command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="neighbor.html">neighbor command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="newton.html">newton command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="next.html">next command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="package.html">package command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="pair_coeff.html">pair_coeff command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="pair_modify.html">pair_modify command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="pair_style.html">pair_style command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="pair_write.html">pair_write command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="partition.html">partition command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="plugin.html">plugin command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="prd.html">prd command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="print.html">print command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="processors.html">processors command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="python.html">python command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="quit.html">quit command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="read_data.html">read_data command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="read_dump.html">read_dump command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="read_restart.html">read_restart command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="region.html">region command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="replicate.html">replicate command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="rerun.html">rerun command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="reset_atoms.html">reset_atoms command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="reset_timestep.html">reset_timestep command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="restart.html">restart command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="run.html">run command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="run_style.html">run_style command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="set.html">set command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="shell.html">shell command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="special_bonds.html">special_bonds command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="suffix.html">suffix command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="tad.html">tad command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="temper.html">temper command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="temper_grem.html">temper/grem command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="temper_npt.html">temper/npt command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="thermo.html">thermo command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="thermo_modify.html">thermo_modify command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="thermo_style.html">thermo_style command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="third_order.html">third_order command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="timer.html">timer command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="timestep.html">timestep command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="uncompute.html">uncompute command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="undump.html">undump command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="unfix.html">unfix command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="units.html">units command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="variable.html">variable command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="velocity.html">velocity command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="write_coeff.html">write_coeff command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="write_data.html">write_data command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="write_dump.html">write_dump command</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="write_restart.html">write_restart command</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="fixes.html">Fix Styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="computes.html">Compute Styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="pairs.html">Pair Styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="bonds.html">Bond Styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="angles.html">Angle Styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="dihedrals.html">Dihedral Styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="impropers.html">Improper Styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="dumps.html">Dump Styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="fix_modify_atc_commands.html">fix_modify AtC commands</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="Bibliography.html">Bibliography</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<li class="breadcrumb-item active">improper_style command</li>
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<p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\renewcommand{\AA}{\text{Å}}\)</span></p>
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<section id="improper-style-command">
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<span id="index-0"></span><h1>improper_style command<a class="headerlink" href="#improper-style-command" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
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<section id="syntax">
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<h2>Syntax<a class="headerlink" href="#syntax" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<div class="highlight-LAMMPS notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">improper_style</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">style</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p>style = <em>none</em> or <em>hybrid</em> or <em>class2</em> or <em>cvff</em> or <em>harmonic</em></p></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="examples">
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<h2>Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#examples" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<div class="highlight-LAMMPS notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">improper_style</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">harmonic</span>
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<span class="k">improper_style</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cvff</span>
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<span class="k">improper_style</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hybrid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cvff</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">harmonic</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</section>
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<section id="description">
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<h2>Description<a class="headerlink" href="#description" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p>Set the formula(s) LAMMPS uses to compute improper interactions
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between quadruplets of atoms, which remain in force for the duration
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of the simulation. The list of improper quadruplets is read in by a
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<a class="reference internal" href="read_data.html"><span class="doc">read_data</span></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="read_restart.html"><span class="doc">read_restart</span></a> command
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from a data or restart file. Note that the ordering of the 4 atoms in
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an improper quadruplet determines the definition of the improper
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angle used in the formula for each style. See the doc pages of
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individual styles for details.</p>
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<p>Hybrid models where impropers are computed using different improper
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potentials can be setup using the <em>hybrid</em> improper style.</p>
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<p>The coefficients associated with an improper style can be specified in
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a data or restart file or via the <a class="reference internal" href="improper_coeff.html"><span class="doc">improper_coeff</span></a>
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command.</p>
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<p>All improper potentials store their coefficient data in binary restart
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files which means improper_style and
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<a class="reference internal" href="improper_coeff.html"><span class="doc">improper_coeff</span></a> commands do not need to be
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re-specified in an input script that restarts a simulation. See the
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<a class="reference internal" href="read_restart.html"><span class="doc">read_restart</span></a> command for details on how to do
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this. The one exception is that improper_style <em>hybrid</em> only stores
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the list of sub-styles in the restart file; improper coefficients need
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to be re-specified.</p>
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
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<p>When both an improper and pair style is defined, the
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<a class="reference internal" href="special_bonds.html"><span class="doc">special_bonds</span></a> command often needs to be used to
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turn off (or weight) the pairwise interaction that would otherwise
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exist between a group of 4 bonded atoms.</p>
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</div>
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<hr class="docutils" />
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<p>Here is an alphabetic list of improper styles defined in LAMMPS.
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Click on the style to display the formula it computes and coefficients
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specified by the associated <a class="reference internal" href="improper_coeff.html"><span class="doc">improper_coeff</span></a>
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command.</p>
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<p>Click on the style to display the formula it computes, any additional
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arguments specified in the improper_style command, and coefficients
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specified by the associated <a class="reference internal" href="improper_coeff.html"><span class="doc">improper_coeff</span></a>
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command.</p>
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<p>There are also additional accelerated pair styles included in the
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LAMMPS distribution for faster performance on CPUs, GPUs, and KNLs.
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The individual style names on the <a class="reference internal" href="Commands_bond.html#improper"><span class="std std-ref">Commands improper</span></a> page are followed by one or
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more of (g,i,k,o,t) to indicate which accelerated styles exist.</p>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_none.html"><span class="doc">none</span></a> - turn off improper interactions</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_zero.html"><span class="doc">zero</span></a> - topology but no interactions</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_hybrid.html"><span class="doc">hybrid</span></a> - define multiple styles of improper interactions</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_amoeba.html"><span class="doc">amoeba</span></a> - AMOEBA out-of-plane improper</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_class2.html"><span class="doc">class2</span></a> - COMPASS (class 2) improper</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_cossq.html"><span class="doc">cossq</span></a> - improper with a cosine squared term</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_cvff.html"><span class="doc">cvff</span></a> - CVFF improper</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_distance.html"><span class="doc">distance</span></a> - improper based on distance between atom planes</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_distharm.html"><span class="doc">distharm</span></a> - improper that is harmonic in the out-of-plane distance</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_fourier.html"><span class="doc">fourier</span></a> - improper with multiple cosine terms</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_harmonic.html"><span class="doc">harmonic</span></a> - harmonic improper</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_inversion_harmonic.html"><span class="doc">inversion/harmonic</span></a> - harmonic improper with Wilson-Decius out-of-plane definition</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_ring.html"><span class="doc">ring</span></a> - improper which prevents planar conformations</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_umbrella.html"><span class="doc">umbrella</span></a> - DREIDING improper</p></li>
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<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_sqdistharm.html"><span class="doc">sqdistharm</span></a> - improper that is harmonic in the square of the out-of-plane distance</p></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<hr class="docutils" />
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<section id="restrictions">
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<h2>Restrictions<a class="headerlink" href="#restrictions" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p>Improper styles can only be set for atom_style choices that allow
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impropers to be defined.</p>
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<p>Most improper styles are part of the MOLECULE package. They are only
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enabled if LAMMPS was built with that package. See the <a class="reference internal" href="Build_package.html"><span class="doc">Build package</span></a> page for more info. The doc pages for
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individual improper potentials tell if it is part of a package.</p>
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</section>
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<section id="related-commands">
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<h2>Related commands<a class="headerlink" href="#related-commands" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p><a class="reference internal" href="improper_coeff.html"><span class="doc">improper_coeff</span></a></p>
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</section>
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<section id="default">
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<h2>Default<a class="headerlink" href="#default" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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<div class="highlight-LAMMPS notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">improper_style</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">none</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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