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Merge branch 'develop' into feature/immersed_multisphere

Browse Source 
resolved Conflicts:
- applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIB/Make/options
- etc/solver-list.txt
- src/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/Make/files
- src/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/derived/cfdemCloudIB/cfdemCloudIB.C
resolved Issues:
src/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/subModels/ShirgaonkarIBTorque/ShirgaonkarIBTorque.C
This commit is contained in:
danielque
2022-02-09 16:37:40 +01:00
parent e3ec594f73 7f5e596271
commit 21b338fb05
2154 changed files with 5599426 additions and 45149 deletions
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version: 2
jobs:
build:
branches:
only:
- master
- develop
docker:
- image: ubuntu:trusty
environment:
WM_NCOMPPROCS: 2
working_directory: /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling
steps:
- run:
name: Install package dependencies
command: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y build-essential cmake openmpi-bin libopenmpi-dev python-dev git bc
- run:
name: Make project and user dir
command: mkdir -p /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling && mkdir -p /root/CFDEM/-6
- checkout:
path: /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling
- run:
name: Add OpenFOAM package repository
command: sudo apt-get install -y software-properties-common wget apt-transport-https && sudo sh -c "wget -O - http://dl.openfoam.org/gpg.key | apt-key add -" && sudo add-apt-repository http://dl.openfoam.org/ubuntu
- run:
name: Install OpenFOAM 6
command: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get -y install openfoam6
- run:
name: Clone LIGGGHTS repository
command: git clone https://github.com/ParticulateFlow/LIGGGHTS-PFM.git /root/CFDEM/LIGGGHTS
- run:
name: Build LIGGGHTS
command: >
shopt -s expand_aliases &&
source /opt/openfoam6/etc/bashrc &&
source /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling/etc/bashrc &&
bash /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling/etc/compileLIGGGHTS.sh
no_output_timeout: 30m
- run:
name: Build CFDEMcoupling library
command: >
shopt -s expand_aliases &&
source /opt/openfoam6/etc/bashrc &&
source /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling/etc/bashrc &&
bash /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling/etc/compileCFDEMcoupling_src.sh
- run:
name: Build CFDEMcoupling solvers
command: >
shopt -s expand_aliases &&
source /opt/openfoam6/etc/bashrc &&
source /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling/etc/bashrc &&
bash /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling/etc/compileCFDEMcoupling_sol.sh
- run:
name: Build CFDEMcoupling utilities
command: >
shopt -s expand_aliases &&
source /opt/openfoam6/etc/bashrc &&
source /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling/etc/bashrc &&
bash /root/CFDEM/CFDEMcoupling/etc/compileCFDEMcoupling_uti.sh

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<!-- Please provide a general summary of your changes in the title above. -->
## Description of proposed changes
<!-- Describe your changes in detail. -->
## Types of changes
<!-- What types of changes does your code introduce? Put an `x` in all the boxes that apply. -->
<!-- Please try to limit your pull request to one type, submit multiple pull requests if needed. -->
- [ ] Bugfix
- [ ] Feature
- [ ] Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
- [ ] Build related changes
- [ ] Documentation updates
- [ ] Other (please describe):
## Checklist
<!-- Go over all the following points, and put an `x` in all the boxes that apply. -->
- [ ] Code compiles correctly (mandatory for bugfixes / features / refactoring / build process)
- [ ] Tests for the changes have been added / updated (mandatory for bugfixes / features)
- [ ] Documentation has been added / updated (mandatory for bugfixes / features)
## Further comments
<!-- If this is a relatively large or complex change, kick off the discussion by explaining
why you chose the solution you did and what alternatives you considered, etc... -->

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.gitignore vendored
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log_*
log.*
*~
**/linux64GccDPInt32Opt
*.swp
*.swo
**/linux*cc*/
**/.vscode
lnInclude

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LICENSE Normal file
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If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
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Later license versions may give you additional or different
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15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
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PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
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17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
copy of the Program in return for a fee.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.

80
README
View File

@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
CFDEMcoupling - Open Source CFD-DEM coupling
CFDEMcoupling is part of the CFDEMproject
www.cfdem.com
Christoph Goniva, christoph.goniva@cfdem.com
Copyright 2009-2012 JKU Linz
Copyright 2012-2015 DCS Computing GmbH, Linz
Copyright 2015- JKU Linz
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of CFDEMcoupling.
CFDEMcoupling is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version.
CFDEMcoupling is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with CFDEMcoupling; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Description
This code provides models and solvers to realize coupled CFD-DEM simulations
using LIGGGHTS and OpenFOAM.
Note: this code is not part of OpenFOAM (see DISCLAIMER).
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
CFDEM(R) coupling provides an open source parallel coupled CFD-DEM framework
combining the strengths of the LIGGGHTS(R) DEM code and the Open Source
CFD package OpenFOAM(R)(*). The CFDEM(R)coupling toolbox allows to expand
standard CFD solvers of OpenFOAM(R)(*) to include a coupling to the DEM
code LIGGGHTS(R). In this toolbox the particle representation within the
CFD solver is organized by "cloud" classes. Key functionalities are organised
in sub-models (e.g. force models, data exchange models, etc.) which can easily
be selected and combined by dictionary settings.
The coupled solvers run fully parallel on distributed-memory clusters.
Features are:
- its modular approach allows users to easily implement new models
- its MPI parallelization enables to use it for large scale problems
- the use of GIT allows to easily update to the latest version
- basic documentation is provided
The file structure:
- "src" directory including the source files of the coupling toolbox and models
- "applications" directory including the solver files for coupled CFD-DEM simulations
- "doc" directory including the documentation of CFDEM(R)coupling
- "tutorials" directory including basic tutorial cases showing the functionality
Details on installation are given on the "www.cfdem.com"
The functionality of this CFD-DEM framwork is described via "tutorial cases" showing
how to use different solvers and models.
CFDEM(R)coupling stands for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) -
Discrete Element Method (DEM) coupling.
CFDEM(R)coupling is an open-source code, distributed freely under the terms of the
GNU Public License (GPL).
Core development of CFDEM(R)coupling is done by
Christoph Goniva and Christoph Kloss, both at DCS Computing GmbH, 2012
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
(*) "OpenFOAM(R)" is a registered trade mark of OpenCFD Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of the ESI Group.
This offering is not approved or endorsed by OpenCFD Limited, the producer of the OpenFOAM software and owner of the OPENFOAM® and OpenCFD® trade marks.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

33
README.md Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
# CFDEMcoupling
CFDEM®coupling stands for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) - Discrete Element Method (DEM) coupling. It combines the open source packages OpenFOAM® (CFD) and LIGGGHTS® (DEM) to simulate particle-laden flows. CFDEM®coupling is part of the [CFDEM®project](https://www.cfdem.com).
[![CircleCI](https://circleci.com/gh/ParticulateFlow/CFDEMcoupling.svg?style=shield&circle-token=e4b6af30d3aa7aee109d206116f01600bf9ee9c6)](https://circleci.com/gh/ParticulateFlow/CFDEMcoupling)
[![License: GPL v3](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-GPL%20v3-blue.svg)](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html)
## Disclaimer
> This is an academic adaptation of the CFDEM®coupling software package, released by the
[Department of Particulate Flow Modelling at Johannes Kepler University in Linz, Austria.](https://www.jku.at/pfm)
> LIGGGHTS® and CFDEM® are registered trademarks, and this offering is not approved or
endorsed by DCS Computing GmbH, the official producer of the LIGGGHTS® and CFDEM®coupling software.
> This offering is not approved or endorsed by OpenCFD Limited, producer and distributor of the OpenFOAM software via www.openfoam.com, and owner of the OPENFOAM® and OpenCFD® trade marks.
## Features
- Documentation and tutorials to get started
- A modular approach that allows for easy implementation of new models
- MPI parallelization for large scale problems
## License
[![License: GPL v3](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-GPL%20v3-blue.svg)](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html)
- This software is distributed under the [GNU General Public License](https://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-3.0).
- Copyright © 2009- JKU Linz
- Copyright © 2012-2015 DCS Computing GmbH, Linz
- Some parts of CFDEM®coupling are based on OpenFOAM® and Copyright on these
parts is held by the OpenFOAM® Foundation (www.openfoam.org)
and potentially other parties.
- Some parts of CFDEM®coupling are contributed by other parties, which are
holding the Copyright. This is listed in each file of the distribution.

3
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIB/Make/options
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@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ EXE_INC = \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/dynamicFvMesh/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/dynamicMesh/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/fvOptions/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude
-I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\

8
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/Allwclean Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
#!/bin/sh
cd ${0%/*} || exit 1 # Run from this directory
set -x
wclean libso multiphaseMixture
wclean
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

12
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/Allwmake Executable file
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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
#!/bin/sh
cd ${0%/*} || exit 1 # Run from this directory
# Parse arguments for library compilation
targetType=libso
. $WM_PROJECT_DIR/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments
set -x
wmake $targetType multiphaseMixture
wmake
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/Make/files Normal file
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cfdemSolverMultiphase.C
EXE = $(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/cfdemSolverMultiphase

35
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/Make/options Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR := $(word 1,$(subst ., ,$(WM_PROJECT_VERSION)))
PFLAGS+= -DOPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR=$(FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR)
include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
EXE_INC = \
$(PFLAGS) \
-I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
-ImultiphaseMixture/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/interfaceProperties/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
-lcfdemMultiphaseInterFoam \
-linterfaceProperties \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lturbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lfvOptions \
-lmeshTools \
-lsampling \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

61
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/UEqn.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
const surfaceScalarField& rhoPhi(mixture.rhoPhi());
volScalarField muEff = rho*(turbulence->nu() + turbulence->nut());
if (modelType == "A")
muEff *= voidfraction;
fvVectorMatrix UEqn
(
fvm::ddt(rhoEps, U) - fvm::Sp(fvc::ddt(rhoEps),U)
+ fvm::div(rhoPhi, U) - fvm::Sp(fvc::div(rhoPhi),U)
//+ particleCloud.divVoidfractionTau(U, voidfraction)
- fvm::laplacian(muEff, U) - fvc::div(muEff*dev2(fvc::grad(U)().T()))
==
fvOptions(rho, U)
- fvm::Sp(Ksl,U)
);
UEqn.relax();
fvOptions.constrain(UEqn);
if (pimple.momentumPredictor() && (modelType=="B" || modelType=="Bfull"))
{
solve
(
UEqn
==
fvc::reconstruct
(
(- ghf*fvc::snGrad(rho) - fvc::snGrad(p_rgh)) * mesh.magSf()
)
+
fvc::reconstruct
(
mixture.surfaceTensionForce() * mesh.magSf()
) * voidfraction
+ Ksl*Us
);
fvOptions.correct(U);
}
else if (pimple.momentumPredictor())
{
solve
(
UEqn
==
fvc::reconstruct
(
(
mixture.surfaceTensionForce()
- ghf*fvc::snGrad(rho)
- fvc::snGrad(p_rgh)
) * mesh.magSf()
) * voidfraction
+ Ksl*Us
);
fvOptions.correct(U);
}

17
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/additionalChecks.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
// Additional solver-specific checks
// Useful if one wants to e.g. initialize floating particles using the Archimedes model
if (particleCloud.couplingProperties().found("unrestrictedForceModelSelection"))
{
Warning << "Using unrestrictedForceModelSelection, results may be incorrect!" << endl;
} else
{
#include "checkModelType.H"
}
word modelType = particleCloud.modelType();
if(!particleCloud.couplingProperties().found("useDDTvoidfraction"))
{
Warning << "Suppressing ddt(voidfraction) is not recommended with this solver as it may generate incorrect results!" << endl;
}

21
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/alphaCourantNo.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
scalar alphaCoNum = 0.0;
scalar meanAlphaCoNum = 0.0;
if (mesh.nInternalFaces())
{
scalarField sumPhi
(
mixture.nearInterface()().primitiveField()
*fvc::surfaceSum(mag(phi))().primitiveField()
);
alphaCoNum = 0.5*gMax(sumPhi/mesh.V().field())*runTime.deltaTValue();
meanAlphaCoNum =
0.5*(gSum(sumPhi)/gSum(mesh.V().field()))*runTime.deltaTValue();
}
Info<< "Interface Courant Number mean: " << meanAlphaCoNum
<< " max: " << alphaCoNum << endl;
// ************************************************************************* //

153
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/cfdemSolverMultiphase.C Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
License
This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this code. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Copyright (C) 2018- Mathias Vångö, JKU Linz, Austria
Application
cfdemSolverMultiphase
Description
CFD-DEM solver for n incompressible fluids which captures the interfaces and
includes surface-tension and contact-angle effects for each phase. It is based
on the OpenFOAM(R)-4.x solver multiphaseInterFoam but extended to incorporate
DEM functionalities from the open-source DEM code LIGGGHTS.
Turbulence modelling is generic, i.e. laminar, RAS or LES may be selected.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "fvCFD.H"
#include "multiphaseMixture.H"
#include "turbulentTransportModel.H"
#include "pimpleControl.H"
#include "fvOptions.H"
#include "CorrectPhi.H"
#include "cfdemCloud.H"
#include "implicitCouple.H"
#include "clockModel.H"
#include "smoothingModel.H"
#include "forceModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR >= 6
FatalError << "cfdemSolverMultiphase requires OpenFOAM 4.x or 5.x to work properly" << exit(FatalError);
#endif
#include "postProcess.H"
#include "setRootCase.H"
#include "createTime.H"
#include "createMesh.H"
#include "createControl.H"
#include "initContinuityErrs.H"
#include "createFields.H"
#include "createFvOptions.H"
#include "correctPhi.H"
#include "CourantNo.H"
turbulence->validate();
// create cfdemCloud
cfdemCloud particleCloud(mesh);
#include "additionalChecks.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Info<< "\nStarting time loop\n" << endl;
while (runTime.loop())
{
#include "CourantNo.H"
#include "alphaCourantNo.H"
particleCloud.clockM().start(1,"Global");
Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().start(2,"Coupling");
bool hasEvolved = particleCloud.evolve(voidfraction,Us,U);
if(hasEvolved)
{
particleCloud.smoothingM().smoothen(particleCloud.forceM(0).impParticleForces());
}
Info << "update Ksl.internalField()" << endl;
Ksl = particleCloud.momCoupleM(0).impMomSource();
Ksl.correctBoundaryConditions();
//Force Checks
vector fTotal(0,0,0);
vector fImpTotal = sum(mesh.V()*Ksl.internalField()*(Us.internalField()-U.internalField())).value();
reduce(fImpTotal, sumOp<vector>());
Info << "TotalForceExp: " << fTotal << endl;
Info << "TotalForceImp: " << fImpTotal << endl;
#include "solverDebugInfo.H"
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Coupling");
particleCloud.clockM().start(26,"Flow");
if(particleCloud.solveFlow())
{
mixture.solve();
rho = mixture.rho();
rhoEps = rho * voidfraction;
// --- Pressure-velocity PIMPLE corrector loop
while (pimple.loop())
{
#include "UEqn.H"
// --- Pressure corrector loop
while (pimple.correct())
{
#include "pEqn.H"
}
if (pimple.turbCorr())
{
turbulence->correct();
}
}
}
else
{
Info << "skipping flow solution." << endl;
}
runTime.write();
Info<< "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"
<< " ClockTime = " << runTime.elapsedClockTime() << " s"
<< nl << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Flow");
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Global");
}
Info<< "End\n" << endl;
return 0;
}
// ************************************************************************* //

11
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/correctPhi.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
CorrectPhi
(
U,
phi,
p_rgh,
dimensionedScalar("rAUf", dimTime/rho.dimensions(), 1),
geometricZeroField(),
pimple
);
#include "continuityErrs.H"

156
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/createFields.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
//===============================
// particle interaction modelling
//===============================
Info<< "\nReading momentum exchange field Ksl\n" << endl;
volScalarField Ksl
(
IOobject
(
"Ksl",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
//dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(1, -3, -1, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
Info<< "\nReading voidfraction field voidfraction = (Vgas/Vparticle)\n" << endl;
volScalarField voidfraction
(
IOobject
(
"voidfraction",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
voidfraction.oldTime();
Info<< "Reading particle velocity field Us\n" << endl;
volVectorField Us
(
IOobject
(
"Us",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "Reading field p_rgh\n" << endl;
volScalarField p_rgh
(
IOobject
(
"p_rgh",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "Reading field U\n" << endl;
volVectorField U
(
IOobject
(
"U",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "Reading/calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phi
(
IOobject
(
"phi",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
linearInterpolate(U*voidfraction) & mesh.Sf()
);
multiphaseMixture mixture(U, phi, voidfraction);
// Need to store rho for ddt(rho, U)
volScalarField rho
(
IOobject
(
"rho",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mixture.rho()
);
rho.oldTime();
volScalarField rhoEps ("rhoEps", rho * voidfraction);
// Construct incompressible turbulence model
autoPtr<incompressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
(
incompressible::turbulenceModel::New(U, phi, mixture)
);
#include "readGravitationalAcceleration.H"
#include "readhRef.H"
#include "gh.H"
volScalarField p
(
IOobject
(
"p",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
p_rgh + rho*gh
);
label pRefCell = 0;
scalar pRefValue = 0.0;
setRefCell
(
p,
p_rgh,
pimple.dict(),
pRefCell,
pRefValue
);
if (p_rgh.needReference())
{
p += dimensionedScalar
(
"p",
p.dimensions(),
pRefValue - getRefCellValue(p, pRefCell)
);
}
mesh.setFluxRequired(p_rgh.name());

5
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/multiphaseMixture/Make/files Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
phase/phase.C
alphaContactAngle/alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.C
multiphaseMixture.C
LIB = $(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)/libcfdemMultiphaseInterFoam

18
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/multiphaseMixture/Make/options Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR := $(word 1,$(subst ., ,$(WM_PROJECT_VERSION)))
PFLAGS+= -DOPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR=$(FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR)
EXE_INC = \
$(PFLAGS) \
-IalphaContactAngle \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/interfaceProperties/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
LIB_LIBS = \
-linterfaceProperties \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools

146
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphase/multiphaseMixture/alphaContactAngle/alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.C Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011 OpenFOAM Foundation
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.H"
#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
#include "fvPatchFieldMapper.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::interfaceThetaProps::interfaceThetaProps
(
Istream& is
)
:
theta0_(readScalar(is)),
uTheta_(readScalar(is)),
thetaA_(readScalar(is)),
thetaR_(readScalar(is))
{}
Istream& operator>>
(
Istream& is,
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::interfaceThetaProps& tp
)
{
is >> tp.theta0_ >> tp.uTheta_ >> tp.thetaA_ >> tp.thetaR_;
return is;
}
Ostream& operator<<
(
Ostream& os,
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::interfaceThetaProps& tp
)
{
os << tp.theta0_ << token::SPACE
<< tp.uTheta_ << token::SPACE
<< tp.thetaA_ << token::SPACE
<< tp.thetaR_;
return os;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const fvPatch& p,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
)
:
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField(p, iF)
{}
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField& gcpsf,
const fvPatch& p,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF,
const fvPatchFieldMapper& mapper
)
:
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField(gcpsf, p, iF, mapper),
thetaProps_(gcpsf.thetaProps_)
{}
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const fvPatch& p,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF,
const dictionary& dict
)
:
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField(p, iF),
thetaProps_(dict.lookup("thetaProperties"))
{
evaluate();
}
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField& gcpsf,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
)
:
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField(gcpsf, iF),
thetaProps_(gcpsf.thetaProps_)
{}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
void alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::write(Ostream& os) const
{
fvPatchScalarField::write(os);
os.writeKeyword("thetaProperties")
<< thetaProps_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
writeEntry("value", os);
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
makePatchTypeField
(
fvPatchScalarField,
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
);
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace Foam
// ************************************************************************* //

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011 OpenFOAM Foundation
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Class
Foam::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
Description
Contact-angle boundary condition for multi-phase interface-capturing
simulations. Used in conjuction with multiphaseMixture.
SourceFiles
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.C
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField_H
#define alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField_H
#include "zeroGradientFvPatchFields.H"
#include "multiphaseMixture.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
Class alphaContactAngleFvPatch Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
class alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
:
public zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField
{
public:
class interfaceThetaProps
{
//- Equilibrium contact angle
scalar theta0_;
//- Dynamic contact angle velocity scale
scalar uTheta_;
//- Limiting advancing contact angle
scalar thetaA_;
//- Limiting receeding contact angle
scalar thetaR_;
public:
// Constructors
interfaceThetaProps()
{}
interfaceThetaProps(Istream&);
// Member functions
//- Return the equilibrium contact angle theta0
scalar theta0(bool matched=true) const
{
if (matched) return theta0_;
else return 180.0 - theta0_;
}
//- Return the dynamic contact angle velocity scale
scalar uTheta() const
{
return uTheta_;
}
//- Return the limiting advancing contact angle
scalar thetaA(bool matched=true) const
{
if (matched) return thetaA_;
else return 180.0 - thetaA_;
}
//- Return the limiting receeding contact angle
scalar thetaR(bool matched=true) const
{
if (matched) return thetaR_;
else return 180.0 - thetaR_;
}
// IO functions
friend Istream& operator>>(Istream&, interfaceThetaProps&);
friend Ostream& operator<<(Ostream&, const interfaceThetaProps&);
};
typedef HashTable
<
interfaceThetaProps,
multiphaseMixture::interfacePair,
multiphaseMixture::interfacePair::hash
> thetaPropsTable;
private:
// Private data
thetaPropsTable thetaProps_;
public:
//- Runtime type information
TypeName("alphaContactAngle");
// Constructors
//- Construct from patch and internal field
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const fvPatch&,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
);
//- Construct from patch, internal field and dictionary
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const fvPatch&,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
const dictionary&
);
//- Construct by mapping given alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
// onto a new patch
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField&,
const fvPatch&,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
const fvPatchFieldMapper&
);
//- Construct and return a clone
virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone() const
{
return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
(
new alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField(*this)
);
}
//- Construct as copy setting internal field reference
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField&,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
);
//- Construct and return a clone setting internal field reference
virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone
(
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
) const
{
return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
(
new alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField(*this, iF)
);
}
// Member functions
//- Return the contact angle properties
const thetaPropsTable& thetaProps() const
{
return thetaProps_;
}
//- Write
virtual void write(Ostream&) const;
};
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace Foam
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
#endif
// ************************************************************************* //

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
License
This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this code. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Copyright (C) 2018- Mathias Vångö, JKU Linz, Austria
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "multiphaseMixture.H"
#include "alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.H"
#include "Time.H"
#include "subCycle.H"
#include "MULES.H"
#include "surfaceInterpolate.H"
#include "fvcGrad.H"
#include "fvcSnGrad.H"
#include "fvcDiv.H"
#include "fvcFlux.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Member Data * * * * * * * * * * * * //
const Foam::scalar Foam::multiphaseMixture::convertToRad =
Foam::constant::mathematical::pi/180.0;
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * //
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::calcAlphas()
{
scalar level = 0.0;
alphas_ == 0.0;
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
alphas_ += level*iter();
level += 1.0;
}
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::calcNu() const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// 1/nu
tmp<volScalarField> tnuInv = iter()/iter().nu();
volScalarField& nuInv = tnuInv.ref();
// nu
tmp<volScalarField> tnu = iter()*iter().nu();
volScalarField& nu = tnu.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
nuInv += iter()/iter().nu();
}
nu = 1/nuInv;
return tnu;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::calcStf() const
{
tmp<surfaceScalarField> tstf
(
new surfaceScalarField
(
IOobject
(
"stf",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar
(
"stf",
dimensionSet(1, -2, -2, 0, 0),
0.0
)
)
);
surfaceScalarField& stf = tstf.ref();
forAllConstIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter1)
{
const phase& alpha1 = iter1();
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter2 = iter1;
++iter2;
for (; iter2 != phases_.end(); ++iter2)
{
const phase& alpha2 = iter2();
sigmaTable::const_iterator sigma =
sigmas_.find(interfacePair(alpha1, alpha2));
if (sigma == sigmas_.end())
{
FatalErrorInFunction
<< "Cannot find interface " << interfacePair(alpha1, alpha2)
<< " in list of sigma values"
<< exit(FatalError);
}
stf += dimensionedScalar("sigma", dimSigma_, sigma())
*fvc::interpolate(K(alpha1, alpha2))*
(
fvc::interpolate(alpha2)*fvc::snGrad(alpha1)
- fvc::interpolate(alpha1)*fvc::snGrad(alpha2)
);
}
}
return tstf;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::multiphaseMixture::multiphaseMixture
(
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi,
const volScalarField& voidfraction
)
:
IOdictionary
(
IOobject
(
"transportProperties",
U.time().constant(),
U.db(),
IOobject::MUST_READ_IF_MODIFIED,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
)
),
phases_(lookup("phases"), phase::iNew(U, phi)),
mesh_(U.mesh()),
U_(U),
phi_(phi),
voidfraction_(voidfraction),
rhoPhi_
(
IOobject
(
"rhoPhi",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("rhoPhi", dimMass/dimTime, 0.0)
),
surfaceTensionForce_
(
IOobject
(
"surfaceTensionForce",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("surfaceTensionForce", dimensionSet(1, -2, -2, 0, 0), 0.0)
),
alphas_
(
IOobject
(
"alphas",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("alphas", dimless, 0.0)
),
nu_
(
IOobject
(
"nu",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
calcNu()
),
sigmas_(lookup("sigmas")),
dimSigma_(1, 0, -2, 0, 0),
deltaN_
(
"deltaN",
1e-8/pow(average(mesh_.V()), 1.0/3.0)
)
{
calcAlphas();
alphas_.write();
surfaceTensionForce_ = calcStf();
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::rho() const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<volScalarField> trho = iter()*iter().rho();
volScalarField& rho = trho.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
rho += iter()*iter().rho();
}
return trho;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::scalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::rho(const label patchi) const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<scalarField> trho = iter().boundaryField()[patchi]*iter().rho().value();
scalarField& rho = trho.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
rho += iter().boundaryField()[patchi]*iter().rho().value();
}
return trho;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::mu() const
{
return rho()*nu();
// PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// tmp<volScalarField> tmu = iter()*iter().rho()*iter().nu();
// volScalarField& mu = tmu.ref();
// for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
// {
// mu += iter()*iter().rho()*iter().nu();
// }
// return tmu;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::scalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::mu(const label patchi) const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<scalarField> tmu =
iter().boundaryField()[patchi]
*iter().rho().value()
*iter().nu(patchi);
scalarField& mu = tmu.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
mu +=
iter().boundaryField()[patchi]
*iter().rho().value()
*iter().nu(patchi);
}
return tmu;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::muf() const
{
return nuf()*fvc::interpolate(rho());
// PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// tmp<surfaceScalarField> tmuf =
// fvc::interpolate(iter())*iter().rho()*fvc::interpolate(iter().nu());
// surfaceScalarField& muf = tmuf.ref();
// for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
// {
// muf +=
// fvc::interpolate(iter())*iter().rho()*fvc::interpolate(iter().nu());
// }
// return tmuf;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::nu() const
{
return nu_;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::scalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::nu(const label patchi) const
{
//return nu_.boundaryField()[patchi];
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<scalarField> tnu =
iter().boundaryField()[patchi]
*iter().nu(patchi);
scalarField& nu = tnu.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
nu +=
iter().boundaryField()[patchi]
*iter().nu(patchi);
}
return tnu;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::nuf() const
{
//return muf()/fvc::interpolate(rho());
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<surfaceScalarField> tnuf =
fvc::interpolate(iter())*fvc::interpolate(iter().nu());
surfaceScalarField& nuf = tnuf.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
nuf +=
fvc::interpolate(iter())*fvc::interpolate(iter().nu());
}
return tnuf;
}
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::solve()
{
correct();
const Time& runTime = mesh_.time();
volScalarField& alpha = phases_.first();
const dictionary& alphaControls = mesh_.solverDict("alpha");
label nAlphaSubCycles(readLabel(alphaControls.lookup("nAlphaSubCycles")));
scalar cAlpha(readScalar(alphaControls.lookup("cAlpha")));
if (nAlphaSubCycles > 1)
{
surfaceScalarField rhoPhiSum
(
IOobject
(
"rhoPhiSum",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh_
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("0", rhoPhi_.dimensions(), 0)
);
dimensionedScalar totalDeltaT = runTime.deltaT();
for
(
subCycle<volScalarField> alphaSubCycle(alpha, nAlphaSubCycles);
!(++alphaSubCycle).end();
)
{
FatalError << "Sub-cycling of the alpha equation not yet implemented!!" << abort(FatalError);
solveAlphas(cAlpha);
rhoPhiSum += (runTime.deltaT()/totalDeltaT)*rhoPhi_;
}
rhoPhi_ = rhoPhiSum;
}
else
{
solveAlphas(cAlpha);
}
// Update the mixture kinematic viscosity
nu_ = calcNu();
surfaceTensionForce_ = calcStf();
}
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::correct()
{
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
iter().correct();
}
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceVectorField> Foam::multiphaseMixture::nHatfv
(
const volScalarField& alpha1,
const volScalarField& alpha2
) const
{
/*
// Cell gradient of alpha
volVectorField gradAlpha =
alpha2*fvc::grad(alpha1) - alpha1*fvc::grad(alpha2);
// Interpolated face-gradient of alpha
surfaceVectorField gradAlphaf = fvc::interpolate(gradAlpha);
*/
surfaceVectorField gradAlphaf
(
fvc::interpolate(alpha2)*fvc::interpolate(fvc::grad(alpha1))
- fvc::interpolate(alpha1)*fvc::interpolate(fvc::grad(alpha2))
);
// Face unit interface normal
return gradAlphaf/(mag(gradAlphaf) + deltaN_);
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::multiphaseMixture::nHatf
(
const volScalarField& alpha1,
const volScalarField& alpha2
) const
{
// Face unit interface normal flux
return nHatfv(alpha1, alpha2) & mesh_.Sf();
}
// Correction for the boundary condition on the unit normal nHat on
// walls to produce the correct contact angle.
// The dynamic contact angle is calculated from the component of the
// velocity on the direction of the interface, parallel to the wall.
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::correctContactAngle
(
const phase& alpha1,
const phase& alpha2,
surfaceVectorField::Boundary& nHatb
) const
{
const volScalarField::Boundary& gbf
= alpha1.boundaryField();
const fvBoundaryMesh& boundary = mesh_.boundary();
forAll(boundary, patchi)
{
if (isA<alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField>(gbf[patchi]))
{
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField& acap =
refCast<const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField>(gbf[patchi]);
vectorField& nHatPatch = nHatb[patchi];
vectorField AfHatPatch
(
mesh_.Sf().boundaryField()[patchi]
/mesh_.magSf().boundaryField()[patchi]
);
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::thetaPropsTable::
const_iterator tp =
acap.thetaProps().find(interfacePair(alpha1, alpha2));
if (tp == acap.thetaProps().end())
{
FatalErrorInFunction
<< "Cannot find interface " << interfacePair(alpha1, alpha2)
<< "\n in table of theta properties for patch "
<< acap.patch().name()
<< exit(FatalError);
}
bool matched = (tp.key().first() == alpha1.name());
scalar theta0 = convertToRad*tp().theta0(matched);
scalarField theta(boundary[patchi].size(), theta0);
scalar uTheta = tp().uTheta();
// Calculate the dynamic contact angle if required
if (uTheta > SMALL)
{
scalar thetaA = convertToRad*tp().thetaA(matched);
scalar thetaR = convertToRad*tp().thetaR(matched);
// Calculated the component of the velocity parallel to the wall
vectorField Uwall
(
U_.boundaryField()[patchi].patchInternalField()
- U_.boundaryField()[patchi]
);
Uwall -= (AfHatPatch & Uwall)*AfHatPatch;
// Find the direction of the interface parallel to the wall
vectorField nWall
(
nHatPatch - (AfHatPatch & nHatPatch)*AfHatPatch
);
// Normalise nWall
nWall /= (mag(nWall) + SMALL);
// Calculate Uwall resolved normal to the interface parallel to
// the interface
scalarField uwall(nWall & Uwall);
theta += (thetaA - thetaR)*tanh(uwall/uTheta);
}
// Reset nHatPatch to correspond to the contact angle
scalarField a12(nHatPatch & AfHatPatch);
scalarField b1(cos(theta));
scalarField b2(nHatPatch.size());
forAll(b2, facei)
{
b2[facei] = cos(acos(a12[facei]) - theta[facei]);
}
scalarField det(1.0 - a12*a12);
scalarField a((b1 - a12*b2)/det);
scalarField b((b2 - a12*b1)/det);
nHatPatch = a*AfHatPatch + b*nHatPatch;
nHatPatch /= (mag(nHatPatch) + deltaN_.value());
}
}
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::multiphaseMixture::K
(
const phase& alpha1,
const phase& alpha2
) const
{
tmp<surfaceVectorField> tnHatfv = nHatfv(alpha1, alpha2);
correctContactAngle(alpha1, alpha2, tnHatfv.ref().boundaryFieldRef());
// Simple expression for curvature
return -fvc::div(tnHatfv & mesh_.Sf());
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::nearInterface() const
{
tmp<volScalarField> tnearInt
(
new volScalarField
(
IOobject
(
"nearInterface",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("nearInterface", dimless, 0.0)
)
);
forAllConstIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
tnearInt.ref() = max(tnearInt(), pos(iter() - 0.01)*pos(0.99 - iter()));
}
return tnearInt;
}
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::solveAlphas
(
const scalar cAlpha
)
{
static label nSolves=-1;
nSolves++;
word alphaScheme("div(phi,alpha)");
word alpharScheme("div(phirb,alpha)");
surfaceScalarField phic(mag(phi_/mesh_.magSf()));
phic = min(cAlpha*phic, max(phic));
PtrList<surfaceScalarField> alphaPhiCorrs(phases_.size());
int phasei = 0;
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
phase& alpha = iter();
alphaPhiCorrs.set
(
phasei,
new surfaceScalarField
(
"phi" + alpha.name() + "Corr",
fvc::flux
(
phi_,
alpha,
alphaScheme
)
)
);
surfaceScalarField& alphaPhiCorr = alphaPhiCorrs[phasei];
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter2)
{
phase& alpha2 = iter2();
if (&alpha2 == &alpha) continue;
surfaceScalarField phir(phic*nHatf(alpha, alpha2));
alphaPhiCorr += fvc::flux
(
-fvc::flux(-phir, alpha2, alpharScheme),
alpha,
alpharScheme
);
}
MULES::limit
(
1.0/mesh_.time().deltaT().value(),
voidfraction_,
alpha,
phi_,
alphaPhiCorr,
zeroField(),
zeroField(),
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 6
1,
0,
#else
oneField(),
zeroField(),
#endif
true
);
phasei++;
}
MULES::limitSum(alphaPhiCorrs);
rhoPhi_ = dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(1, 0, -1, 0, 0), 0);
volScalarField sumAlpha
(
IOobject
(
"sumAlpha",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("sumAlpha", dimless, 0)
);
phasei = 0;
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
phase& alpha = iter();
surfaceScalarField& alphaPhi = alphaPhiCorrs[phasei];
alphaPhi += upwind<scalar>(mesh_, phi_).flux(alpha);
MULES::explicitSolve
(
voidfraction_,
alpha,
alphaPhi,
zeroField(),
zeroField()
);
rhoPhi_ += alphaPhi*alpha.rho();
Info<< alpha.name() << " volume fraction, min, max = "
<< alpha.weightedAverage(mesh_.V()).value()
<< ' ' << min(alpha).value()
<< ' ' << max(alpha).value()
<< endl;
sumAlpha += alpha;
phasei++;
}
Info<< "Phase-sum volume fraction, min, max = "
<< sumAlpha.weightedAverage(mesh_.V()).value()
<< ' ' << min(sumAlpha).value()
<< ' ' << max(sumAlpha).value()
<< endl;
calcAlphas();
}
bool Foam::multiphaseMixture::read()
{
if (transportModel::read())
{
bool readOK = true;
PtrList<entry> phaseData(lookup("phases"));
label phasei = 0;
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
readOK &= iter().read(phaseData[phasei++].dict());
}
lookup("sigmas") >> sigmas_;
return readOK;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
// ************************************************************************* //

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
License
This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this code. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Copyright (C) 2018- Mathias Vångö, JKU Linz, Austria
Class
multiphaseMixture
Description
This class is based on the OpenFOAM(R) Foam::multiphaseMixture class,
which is an incompressible multi-phase mixture with built in solution
for the phase fractions with interface compression for interface-capturing.
It has been extended to include the void fraction in the volume fraction
transport equations.
Derived from transportModel so that it can be unsed in conjunction with
the incompressible turbulence models.
Surface tension and contact-angle is handled for the interface
between each phase-pair.
SourceFiles
multiphaseMixture.C
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef multiphaseMixture_H
#define multiphaseMixture_H
#include "incompressible/transportModel/transportModel.H"
#include "IOdictionary.H"
#include "phase.H"
#include "PtrDictionary.H"
#include "volFields.H"
#include "surfaceFields.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
Class multiphaseMixture Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
class multiphaseMixture
:
public IOdictionary,
public transportModel
{
public:
class interfacePair
:
public Pair<word>
{
public:
class hash
:
public Hash<interfacePair>
{
public:
hash()
{}
label operator()(const interfacePair& key) const
{
return word::hash()(key.first()) + word::hash()(key.second());
}
};
// Constructors
interfacePair()
{}
interfacePair(const word& alpha1Name, const word& alpha2Name)
:
Pair<word>(alpha1Name, alpha2Name)
{}
interfacePair(const phase& alpha1, const phase& alpha2)
:
Pair<word>(alpha1.name(), alpha2.name())
{}
// Friend Operators
friend bool operator==
(
const interfacePair& a,
const interfacePair& b
)
{
return
(
((a.first() == b.first()) && (a.second() == b.second()))
|| ((a.first() == b.second()) && (a.second() == b.first()))
);
}
friend bool operator!=
(
const interfacePair& a,
const interfacePair& b
)
{
return (!(a == b));
}
};
private:
// Private data
//- Dictionary of phases
PtrDictionary<phase> phases_;
const fvMesh& mesh_;
const volVectorField& U_;
const surfaceScalarField& phi_;
const volScalarField& voidfraction_;
surfaceScalarField rhoPhi_;
surfaceScalarField surfaceTensionForce_;
volScalarField alphas_;
volScalarField nu_;
typedef HashTable<scalar, interfacePair, interfacePair::hash>
sigmaTable;
sigmaTable sigmas_;
dimensionSet dimSigma_;
//- Stabilisation for normalisation of the interface normal
const dimensionedScalar deltaN_;
//- Conversion factor for degrees into radians
static const scalar convertToRad;
// Private member functions
void calcAlphas();
tmp<volScalarField> calcNu() const;
void solveAlphas(const scalar cAlpha);
tmp<surfaceVectorField> nHatfv
(
const volScalarField& alpha1,
const volScalarField& alpha2
) const;
tmp<surfaceScalarField> nHatf
(
const volScalarField& alpha1,
const volScalarField& alpha2
) const;
void correctContactAngle
(
const phase& alpha1,
const phase& alpha2,
surfaceVectorField::Boundary& nHatb
) const;
tmp<volScalarField> K(const phase& alpha1, const phase& alpha2) const;
tmp<surfaceScalarField> calcStf() const;
public:
// Constructors
//- Construct from components
multiphaseMixture
(
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi,
const volScalarField& voidfraction
);
//- Destructor
virtual ~multiphaseMixture()
{}
// Member Functions
//- Return the phases
const PtrDictionary<phase>& phases() const
{
return phases_;
}
//- Return the velocity
const volVectorField& U() const
{
return U_;
}
//- Return the volumetric flux
const surfaceScalarField& phi() const
{
return phi_;
}
const surfaceScalarField& rhoPhi() const
{
return rhoPhi_;
}
//- Return the mixture density
tmp<volScalarField> rho() const;
//- Return the mixture density for patch
tmp<scalarField> rho(const label patchi) const;
//- Return the dynamic laminar viscosity
tmp<volScalarField> mu() const;
//- Return the dynamic laminar viscosity for patch
tmp<scalarField> mu(const label patchi) const;
//- Return the face-interpolated dynamic laminar viscosity
tmp<surfaceScalarField> muf() const;
//- Return the kinematic laminar viscosity
tmp<volScalarField> nu() const;
//- Return the laminar viscosity for patch
tmp<scalarField> nu(const label patchi) const;
//- Return the face-interpolated dynamic laminar viscosity
tmp<surfaceScalarField> nuf() const;
tmp<surfaceScalarField> surfaceTensionForce() const
{
return surfaceTensionForce_;
}
//- Indicator of the proximity of the interface
// Field values are 1 near and 0 away for the interface.
tmp<volScalarField> nearInterface() const;
//- Solve for the mixture phase-fractions
void solve();
//- Correct the mixture properties
void correct();
//- Read base transportProperties dictionary
bool read();
};
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace Foam
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
#endif
// ************************************************************************* //

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "phase.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::phase::phase
(
const word& phaseName,
const dictionary& phaseDict,
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi
)
:
volScalarField
(
IOobject
(
IOobject::groupName("alpha", phaseName),
U.mesh().time().timeName(),
U.mesh(),
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
U.mesh()
),
name_(phaseName),
phaseDict_(phaseDict),
nuModel_
(
viscosityModel::New
(
IOobject::groupName("nu", phaseName),
phaseDict_,
U,
phi
)
),
rho_("rho", dimDensity, phaseDict_)
{}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::autoPtr<Foam::phase> Foam::phase::clone() const
{
NotImplemented;
return autoPtr<phase>(NULL);
}
void Foam::phase::correct()
{
nuModel_->correct();
}
bool Foam::phase::read(const dictionary& phaseDict)
{
phaseDict_ = phaseDict;
if (nuModel_->read(phaseDict_))
{
phaseDict_.lookup("rho") >> rho_;
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
// ************************************************************************* //

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Class
Foam::phase
Description
Single incompressible phase derived from the phase-fraction.
Used as part of the multiPhaseMixture for interface-capturing multi-phase
simulations.
SourceFiles
phase.C
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef phase_H
#define phase_H
#include "volFields.H"
#include "dictionaryEntry.H"
#include "incompressible/viscosityModels/viscosityModel/viscosityModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
Class phase Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
class phase
:
public volScalarField
{
// Private data
word name_;
dictionary phaseDict_;
autoPtr<viscosityModel> nuModel_;
dimensionedScalar rho_;
public:
// Constructors
//- Construct from components
phase
(
const word& name,
const dictionary& phaseDict,
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi
);
//- Return clone
autoPtr<phase> clone() const;
//- Return a pointer to a new phase created on freestore
// from Istream
class iNew
{
const volVectorField& U_;
const surfaceScalarField& phi_;
public:
iNew
(
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi
)
:
U_(U),
phi_(phi)
{}
autoPtr<phase> operator()(Istream& is) const
{
dictionaryEntry ent(dictionary::null, is);
return autoPtr<phase>(new phase(ent.keyword(), ent, U_, phi_));
}
};
// Member Functions
const word& name() const
{
return name_;
}
const word& keyword() const
{
return name();
}
//- Return const-access to phase1 viscosityModel
const viscosityModel& nuModel() const
{
return nuModel_();
}
//- Return the kinematic laminar viscosity
tmp<volScalarField> nu() const
{
return nuModel_->nu();
}
//- Return the laminar viscosity for patch
tmp<scalarField> nu(const label patchi) const
{
return nuModel_->nu(patchi);
}
//- Return const-access to phase1 density
const dimensionedScalar& rho() const
{
return rho_;
}
//- Correct the phase properties
void correct();
//-Inherit read from volScalarField
using volScalarField::read;
//- Read base transportProperties dictionary
bool read(const dictionary& phaseDict);
};
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace Foam
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
#endif
// ************************************************************************* //

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{
volScalarField rAU("rAU", 1.0/UEqn.A());
surfaceScalarField rAUepsf("rAUepsf", fvc::interpolate(rAU*voidfraction));
surfaceScalarField rAUepsSqf("rAUepsSqf", fvc::interpolate(rAU*voidfraction*voidfraction));
volVectorField Ueps("Ueps", U * voidfraction);
volVectorField HbyA(constrainHbyA(rAU*UEqn.H(), U, p_rgh));
surfaceScalarField phiHbyA
(
"phiHbyA",
fvc::flux(HbyA*voidfraction)
+ fvc::interpolate(voidfraction*rho*rAU)*fvc::ddtCorr(U, phi)
);
adjustPhi(phiHbyA, U, p_rgh);
if (modelType == "A")
rAUepsf = rAUepsSqf;
surfaceScalarField phig (-ghf*fvc::snGrad(rho)*rAUepsf*mesh.magSf());
surfaceScalarField phiSt (mixture.surfaceTensionForce()*rAUepsSqf*mesh.magSf());
surfaceScalarField phiS (fvc::flux(voidfraction*Us*Ksl*rAU));
phiHbyA += phig + phiSt + phiS;
// Update the pressure BCs to ensure flux consistency
constrainPressure(p_rgh, Ueps, phiHbyA, rAUepsf);
while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
{
fvScalarMatrix p_rghEqn
(
fvm::laplacian(rAUepsf, p_rgh) == particleCloud.ddtVoidfraction() + fvc::div(phiHbyA)
);
p_rghEqn.setReference(pRefCell, getRefCellValue(p_rgh, pRefCell));
p_rghEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p_rgh.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
{
phi = phiHbyA - p_rghEqn.flux();
p_rgh.relax();
if (modelType == "A")
U = HbyA + voidfraction*rAU*fvc::reconstruct((phig-p_rghEqn.flux()+phiSt)/rAUepsf) + rAU*Us*Ksl;
else
U = HbyA + rAU*fvc::reconstruct((phig-p_rghEqn.flux()+phiSt)/rAUepsf) + rAU*Us*Ksl;
U.correctBoundaryConditions();
fvOptions.correct(U);
}
}
#include "continuityErrs.H"
p == p_rgh + rho*gh;
if (p_rgh.needReference())
{
p += dimensionedScalar
(
"p",
p.dimensions(),
pRefValue - getRefCellValue(p, pRefCell)
);
p_rgh = p - rho*gh;
}
}

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#!/bin/sh
cd ${0%/*} || exit 1 # Run from this directory
set -x
wclean libso multiphaseMixture
wclean
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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#!/bin/sh
cd ${0%/*} || exit 1 # Run from this directory
# Parse arguments for library compilation
targetType=libso
. $WM_PROJECT_DIR/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments
set -x
wmake $targetType multiphaseMixture
wmake
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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// get mixture properties
Cs = mixture.Cs();
diffusionCorrection = mixture.diffusionCorrection();
Deff = particleCloud.diffCoeffM().diffCoeff();
// get scalar source from DEM
particleCloud.massContributions(Sm);
particleCloud.massCoefficients(Smi);
fvScalarMatrix CEqn
(
fvm::ddt(voidfraction,C)
+ fvm::div(phi,C)
- fvm::laplacian(Deff*voidfraction,C)
+ fvm::div(fvc::interpolate(Deff*voidfraction)*diffusionCorrection*mesh.magSf(), C)
==
Sm + fvm::Sp(Smi,C)
);
CEqn.relax();
fvOptions.constrain(CEqn);
CEqn.solve();

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// get mixture properties
Cp = mixture.Cp();
kf = mixture.kf();
// get scalar source from DEM
particleCloud.energyContributions(Qsource);
particleCloud.energyCoefficients(QCoeff);
fvScalarMatrix EEqn
(
rho*Cp*(fvm::ddt(voidfraction,T)
+ fvm::div(phi,T))
- fvm::laplacian(thCond*voidfraction,T)
==
Qsource + fvm::Sp(QCoeff,T)
);
EEqn.relax();
fvOptions.constrain(EEqn);
EEqn.solve();

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cfdemSolverMultiphaseScalar.C
EXE = $(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/cfdemSolverMultiphaseScalar

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FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR := $(word 1,$(subst ., ,$(WM_PROJECT_VERSION)))
PFLAGS+= -DOPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR=$(FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR)
include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
EXE_INC = \
$(PFLAGS) \
-I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
-ImultiphaseMixture/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/interfaceProperties/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
-lcfdemMultiphaseInterFoamScalar \
-linterfaceProperties \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lturbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lfvOptions \
-lmeshTools \
-lsampling \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

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const surfaceScalarField& rhoPhi(mixture.rhoPhi());
volScalarField muEff = rho*(turbulence->nu() + turbulence->nut());
if (modelType == "A")
muEff *= voidfraction;
fvVectorMatrix UEqn
(
fvm::ddt(rhoEps, U) - fvm::Sp(fvc::ddt(rhoEps),U)
+ fvm::div(rhoPhi, U) - fvm::Sp(fvc::div(rhoPhi),U)
//+ particleCloud.divVoidfractionTau(U, voidfraction)
- fvm::laplacian(muEff, U) - fvc::div(muEff*dev2(fvc::grad(U)().T()))
==
fvOptions(rho, U)
- fvm::Sp(Ksl,U)
);
UEqn.relax();
fvOptions.constrain(UEqn);
if (pimple.momentumPredictor() && (modelType=="B" || modelType=="Bfull"))
{
solve
(
UEqn
==
fvc::reconstruct
(
(- ghf*fvc::snGrad(rho) - fvc::snGrad(p_rgh)) * mesh.magSf()
)
+
fvc::reconstruct
(
mixture.surfaceTensionForce() * mesh.magSf()
) * voidfraction
+ Ksl*Us
);
fvOptions.correct(U);
}
else if (pimple.momentumPredictor())
{
solve
(
UEqn
==
fvc::reconstruct
(
(
mixture.surfaceTensionForce()
- ghf*fvc::snGrad(rho)
- fvc::snGrad(p_rgh)
) * mesh.magSf()
) * voidfraction
+ Ksl*Us
);
fvOptions.correct(U);
}

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// Additional solver-specific checks
// Useful if one wants to e.g. initialize floating particles using the Archimedes model
if (particleCloud.couplingProperties().found("unrestrictedForceModelSelection"))
{
Warning << "Using unrestrictedForceModelSelection, results may be incorrect!" << endl;
} else
{
#include "checkModelType.H"
}
word modelType = particleCloud.modelType();
if(!particleCloud.couplingProperties().found("useDDTvoidfraction"))
{
Warning << "Suppressing ddt(voidfraction) is not recommended with this solver as it may generate incorrect results!" << endl;
}

21
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scalar alphaCoNum = 0.0;
scalar meanAlphaCoNum = 0.0;
if (mesh.nInternalFaces())
{
scalarField sumPhi
(
mixture.nearInterface()().primitiveField()
*fvc::surfaceSum(mag(phi))().primitiveField()
);
alphaCoNum = 0.5*gMax(sumPhi/mesh.V().field())*runTime.deltaTValue();
meanAlphaCoNum =
0.5*(gSum(sumPhi)/gSum(mesh.V().field()))*runTime.deltaTValue();
}
Info<< "Interface Courant Number mean: " << meanAlphaCoNum
<< " max: " << alphaCoNum << endl;
// ************************************************************************* //

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
License
This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this code. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Copyright (C) 2018- Mathias Vångö, JKU Linz, Austria
Application
cfdemSolverMultiphaseScalar
Description
CFD-DEM solver for n incompressible fluids which captures the interfaces and
includes surface-tension and contact-angle effects for each phase. It is based
on the OpenFOAM(R)-4.x solver multiphaseInterFoam but extended to incorporate
DEM functionalities from the open-source DEM code LIGGGHTS.
Turbulence modelling is generic, i.e. laminar, RAS or LES may be selected.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "fvCFD.H"
#include "multiphaseMixture.H"
#include "turbulentTransportModel.H"
#include "pimpleControl.H"
#include "fvOptions.H"
#include "CorrectPhi.H"
#include "cfdemCloudEnergy.H"
#include "implicitCouple.H"
#include "clockModel.H"
#include "smoothingModel.H"
#include "forceModel.H"
#include "thermCondModel.H"
#include "diffCoeffModel.H"
#include "energyModel.H"
#include "massTransferModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR >= 6
FatalError << "cfdemSolverMultiphase requires OpenFOAM 4.x or 5.x to work properly" << exit(FatalError);
#endif
#include "postProcess.H"
#include "setRootCase.H"
#include "createTime.H"
#include "createMesh.H"
#include "createControl.H"
#include "initContinuityErrs.H"
#include "createFields.H"
#include "createFvOptions.H"
#include "correctPhi.H"
#include "CourantNo.H"
turbulence->validate();
// create cfdemCloud
cfdemCloudEnergy particleCloud(mesh);
#include "additionalChecks.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Info<< "\nStarting time loop\n" << endl;
while (runTime.loop())
{
#include "CourantNo.H"
#include "alphaCourantNo.H"
particleCloud.clockM().start(1,"Global");
Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().start(2,"Coupling");
bool hasEvolved = particleCloud.evolve(voidfraction,Us,U);
if(hasEvolved)
{
particleCloud.smoothingM().smoothen(particleCloud.forceM(0).impParticleForces());
}
Info << "update Ksl.internalField()" << endl;
Ksl = particleCloud.momCoupleM(0).impMomSource();
Ksl.correctBoundaryConditions();
//Force Checks
vector fTotal(0,0,0);
vector fImpTotal = sum(mesh.V()*Ksl.internalField()*(Us.internalField()-U.internalField())).value();
reduce(fImpTotal, sumOp<vector>());
Info << "TotalForceExp: " << fTotal << endl;
Info << "TotalForceImp: " << fImpTotal << endl;
#include "solverDebugInfo.H"
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Coupling");
particleCloud.clockM().start(26,"Flow");
if(particleCloud.solveFlow())
{
mixture.solve();
rho = mixture.rho();
rhoEps = rho * voidfraction;
#include "EEqn.H"
#include "CEqn.H"
// --- Pressure-velocity PIMPLE corrector loop
while (pimple.loop())
{
#include "UEqn.H"
// --- Pressure corrector loop
while (pimple.correct())
{
#include "pEqn.H"
}
if (pimple.turbCorr())
{
turbulence->correct();
}
}
}
else
{
Info << "skipping flow solution." << endl;
}
particleCloud.clockM().start(31,"postFlow");
particleCloud.postFlow();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("postFlow");
runTime.write();
Info<< "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"
<< " ClockTime = " << runTime.elapsedClockTime() << " s"
<< nl << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Flow");
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Global");
}
Info<< "End\n" << endl;
return 0;
}
// ************************************************************************* //

11
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CorrectPhi
(
U,
phi,
p_rgh,
dimensionedScalar("rAUf", dimTime/rho.dimensions(), 1),
geometricZeroField(),
pimple
);
#include "continuityErrs.H"

342
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//===============================
// particle interaction modelling
//===============================
Info<< "\nReading momentum exchange field Ksl\n" << endl;
volScalarField Ksl
(
IOobject
(
"Ksl",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
//dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(1, -3, -1, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
Info<< "\nReading voidfraction field voidfraction = (Vgas/Vparticle)\n" << endl;
volScalarField voidfraction
(
IOobject
(
"voidfraction",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
voidfraction.oldTime();
Info<< "Reading particle velocity field Us\n" << endl;
volVectorField Us
(
IOobject
(
"Us",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "Reading field p_rgh\n" << endl;
volScalarField p_rgh
(
IOobject
(
"p_rgh",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "Reading field U\n" << endl;
volVectorField U
(
IOobject
(
"U",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "Reading/calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phi
(
IOobject
(
"phi",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
linearInterpolate(U*voidfraction) & mesh.Sf()
);
multiphaseMixture mixture(U, phi, voidfraction);
// Need to store rho for ddt(rho, U)
volScalarField rho
(
IOobject
(
"rho",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mixture.rho()
);
rho.oldTime();
//========================
// scalar field modelling
//========================
Info<< "Reading/creating thermal fields\n" << endl;
volScalarField T
(
IOobject
(
"T",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
volScalarField Qsource
(
IOobject
(
"Qsource",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-1,-3,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
volScalarField QCoeff
(
IOobject
(
"Qsource",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-1,-3,-1,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
volScalarField Cp
(
IOobject
(
"Cp",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mixture.Cp()
);
volScalarField kf
(
IOobject
(
"kf",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mixture.kf()
);
volScalarField thCond
(
IOobject
(
"thCond",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,1,-3,-1,0,0,0), 0.0),
"zeroGradient"
);
Info<< "Reading/creating concentration fields\n" << endl;
volScalarField C
(
IOobject
(
"C",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
volScalarField Sm
(
IOobject
(
"Sm",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-3,-1,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
volScalarField Smi
(
IOobject
(
"Smi",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(0,0,-1,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
volScalarField D
(
IOobject
(
"D",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mixture.D()
);
volScalarField Deff
(
IOobject
(
"Deff",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(0,2,-1,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
volScalarField Cs
(
IOobject
(
"Cs",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mixture.Cs()
);
surfaceScalarField diffusionCorrection
(
IOobject
(
"diffusionCorrection",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mixture.diffusionCorrection()
);
//========================
volScalarField rhoEps ("rhoEps", rho * voidfraction);
// Construct incompressible turbulence model
autoPtr<incompressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
(
incompressible::turbulenceModel::New(U, phi, mixture)
);
#include "readGravitationalAcceleration.H"
#include "readhRef.H"
#include "gh.H"
volScalarField p
(
IOobject
(
"p",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
p_rgh + rho*gh
);
label pRefCell = 0;
scalar pRefValue = 0.0;
setRefCell
(
p,
p_rgh,
pimple.dict(),
pRefCell,
pRefValue
);
if (p_rgh.needReference())
{
p += dimensionedScalar
(
"p",
p.dimensions(),
pRefValue - getRefCellValue(p, pRefCell)
);
}
mesh.setFluxRequired(p_rgh.name());

5
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phase/phase.C
alphaContactAngle/alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.C
multiphaseMixture.C
LIB = $(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)/libcfdemMultiphaseInterFoamScalar

18
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FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR := $(word 1,$(subst ., ,$(WM_PROJECT_VERSION)))
PFLAGS+= -DOPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR=$(FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR)
EXE_INC = \
$(PFLAGS) \
-IalphaContactAngle \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/interfaceProperties/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
LIB_LIBS = \
-linterfaceProperties \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools

146
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphaseScalar/multiphaseMixture/alphaContactAngle/alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.C Normal file
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011 OpenFOAM Foundation
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.H"
#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
#include "fvPatchFieldMapper.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::interfaceThetaProps::interfaceThetaProps
(
Istream& is
)
:
theta0_(readScalar(is)),
uTheta_(readScalar(is)),
thetaA_(readScalar(is)),
thetaR_(readScalar(is))
{}
Istream& operator>>
(
Istream& is,
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::interfaceThetaProps& tp
)
{
is >> tp.theta0_ >> tp.uTheta_ >> tp.thetaA_ >> tp.thetaR_;
return is;
}
Ostream& operator<<
(
Ostream& os,
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::interfaceThetaProps& tp
)
{
os << tp.theta0_ << token::SPACE
<< tp.uTheta_ << token::SPACE
<< tp.thetaA_ << token::SPACE
<< tp.thetaR_;
return os;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const fvPatch& p,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
)
:
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField(p, iF)
{}
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField& gcpsf,
const fvPatch& p,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF,
const fvPatchFieldMapper& mapper
)
:
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField(gcpsf, p, iF, mapper),
thetaProps_(gcpsf.thetaProps_)
{}
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const fvPatch& p,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF,
const dictionary& dict
)
:
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField(p, iF),
thetaProps_(dict.lookup("thetaProperties"))
{
evaluate();
}
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField& gcpsf,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
)
:
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField(gcpsf, iF),
thetaProps_(gcpsf.thetaProps_)
{}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
void alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::write(Ostream& os) const
{
fvPatchScalarField::write(os);
os.writeKeyword("thetaProperties")
<< thetaProps_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
writeEntry("value", os);
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
makePatchTypeField
(
fvPatchScalarField,
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
);
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace Foam
// ************************************************************************* //

215
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphaseScalar/multiphaseMixture/alphaContactAngle/alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.H Normal file
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011 OpenFOAM Foundation
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Class
Foam::alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
Description
Contact-angle boundary condition for multi-phase interface-capturing
simulations. Used in conjuction with multiphaseMixture.
SourceFiles
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.C
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField_H
#define alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField_H
#include "zeroGradientFvPatchFields.H"
#include "multiphaseMixture.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
Class alphaContactAngleFvPatch Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
class alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
:
public zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField
{
public:
class interfaceThetaProps
{
//- Equilibrium contact angle
scalar theta0_;
//- Dynamic contact angle velocity scale
scalar uTheta_;
//- Limiting advancing contact angle
scalar thetaA_;
//- Limiting receeding contact angle
scalar thetaR_;
public:
// Constructors
interfaceThetaProps()
{}
interfaceThetaProps(Istream&);
// Member functions
//- Return the equilibrium contact angle theta0
scalar theta0(bool matched=true) const
{
if (matched) return theta0_;
else return 180.0 - theta0_;
}
//- Return the dynamic contact angle velocity scale
scalar uTheta() const
{
return uTheta_;
}
//- Return the limiting advancing contact angle
scalar thetaA(bool matched=true) const
{
if (matched) return thetaA_;
else return 180.0 - thetaA_;
}
//- Return the limiting receeding contact angle
scalar thetaR(bool matched=true) const
{
if (matched) return thetaR_;
else return 180.0 - thetaR_;
}
// IO functions
friend Istream& operator>>(Istream&, interfaceThetaProps&);
friend Ostream& operator<<(Ostream&, const interfaceThetaProps&);
};
typedef HashTable
<
interfaceThetaProps,
multiphaseMixture::interfacePair,
multiphaseMixture::interfacePair::hash
> thetaPropsTable;
private:
// Private data
thetaPropsTable thetaProps_;
public:
//- Runtime type information
TypeName("alphaContactAngle");
// Constructors
//- Construct from patch and internal field
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const fvPatch&,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
);
//- Construct from patch, internal field and dictionary
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const fvPatch&,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
const dictionary&
);
//- Construct by mapping given alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
// onto a new patch
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField&,
const fvPatch&,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
const fvPatchFieldMapper&
);
//- Construct and return a clone
virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone() const
{
return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
(
new alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField(*this)
);
}
//- Construct as copy setting internal field reference
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField
(
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField&,
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
);
//- Construct and return a clone setting internal field reference
virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone
(
const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
) const
{
return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
(
new alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField(*this, iF)
);
}
// Member functions
//- Return the contact angle properties
const thetaPropsTable& thetaProps() const
{
return thetaProps_;
}
//- Write
virtual void write(Ostream&) const;
};
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace Foam
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
#endif
// ************************************************************************* //

929
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
License
This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this code. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Copyright (C) 2018- Mathias Vångö, JKU Linz, Austria
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "multiphaseMixture.H"
#include "alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.H"
#include "Time.H"
#include "subCycle.H"
#include "MULES.H"
#include "surfaceInterpolate.H"
#include "fvcGrad.H"
#include "fvcSnGrad.H"
#include "fvcDiv.H"
#include "fvcFlux.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Member Data * * * * * * * * * * * * //
const Foam::scalar Foam::multiphaseMixture::convertToRad =
Foam::constant::mathematical::pi/180.0;
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * //
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::calcAlphas()
{
scalar level = 0.0;
alphas_ == 0.0;
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
alphas_ += level*iter();
level += 1.0;
}
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::calcNu() const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// 1/nu
tmp<volScalarField> tnuInv = iter()/iter().nu();
volScalarField& nuInv = tnuInv.ref();
// nu
tmp<volScalarField> tnu = iter()*iter().nu();
volScalarField& nu = tnu.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
nuInv += iter()/iter().nu();
}
nu = 1/nuInv;
return tnu;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::calcStf() const
{
tmp<surfaceScalarField> tstf
(
new surfaceScalarField
(
IOobject
(
"stf",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar
(
"stf",
dimensionSet(1, -2, -2, 0, 0),
0.0
)
)
);
surfaceScalarField& stf = tstf.ref();
forAllConstIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter1)
{
const phase& alpha1 = iter1();
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter2 = iter1;
++iter2;
for (; iter2 != phases_.end(); ++iter2)
{
const phase& alpha2 = iter2();
sigmaTable::const_iterator sigma =
sigmas_.find(interfacePair(alpha1, alpha2));
if (sigma == sigmas_.end())
{
FatalErrorInFunction
<< "Cannot find interface " << interfacePair(alpha1, alpha2)
<< " in list of sigma values"
<< exit(FatalError);
}
stf += dimensionedScalar("sigma", dimSigma_, sigma())
*fvc::interpolate(K(alpha1, alpha2))*
(
fvc::interpolate(alpha2)*fvc::snGrad(alpha1)
- fvc::interpolate(alpha1)*fvc::snGrad(alpha2)
);
}
}
return tstf;
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::multiphaseMixture::multiphaseMixture
(
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi,
const volScalarField& voidfraction
)
:
IOdictionary
(
IOobject
(
"transportProperties",
U.time().constant(),
U.db(),
IOobject::MUST_READ_IF_MODIFIED,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
)
),
phases_(lookup("phases"), phase::iNew(U, phi)),
mesh_(U.mesh()),
U_(U),
phi_(phi),
voidfraction_(voidfraction),
rhoPhi_
(
IOobject
(
"rhoPhi",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("rhoPhi", dimMass/dimTime, 0.0)
),
surfaceTensionForce_
(
IOobject
(
"surfaceTensionForce",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("surfaceTensionForce", dimensionSet(1, -2, -2, 0, 0), 0.0)
),
alphas_
(
IOobject
(
"alphas",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("alphas", dimless, 0.0)
),
nu_
(
IOobject
(
"nu",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
calcNu()
),
sigmas_(lookup("sigmas")),
dimSigma_(1, 0, -2, 0, 0),
deltaN_
(
"deltaN",
1e-8/pow(average(mesh_.V()), 1.0/3.0)
)
{
calcAlphas();
alphas_.write();
surfaceTensionForce_ = calcStf();
}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::rho() const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<volScalarField> trho = iter()*iter().rho();
volScalarField& rho = trho.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
rho += iter()*iter().rho();
}
return trho;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::scalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::rho(const label patchi) const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<scalarField> trho = iter().boundaryField()[patchi]*iter().rho().value();
scalarField& rho = trho.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
rho += iter().boundaryField()[patchi]*iter().rho().value();
}
return trho;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::mu() const
{
Info << "In multiphasemixture mu()" << endl;
return rho()*nu();
// PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// tmp<volScalarField> tmu = iter()*iter().rho()*iter().nu();
// volScalarField& mu = tmu.ref();
// for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
// {
// mu += iter()*iter().rho()*iter().nu();
// }
// return tmu;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::scalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::mu(const label patchi) const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<scalarField> tmu =
iter().boundaryField()[patchi]
*iter().rho().value()
*iter().nu(patchi);
scalarField& mu = tmu.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
mu +=
iter().boundaryField()[patchi]
*iter().rho().value()
*iter().nu(patchi);
}
return tmu;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::muf() const
{
return nuf()*fvc::interpolate(rho());
// PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// tmp<surfaceScalarField> tmuf =
// fvc::interpolate(iter())*iter().rho()*fvc::interpolate(iter().nu());
// surfaceScalarField& muf = tmuf.ref();
// for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
// {
// muf +=
// fvc::interpolate(iter())*iter().rho()*fvc::interpolate(iter().nu());
// }
// return tmuf;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::nu() const
{
return nu_;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::scalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::nu(const label patchi) const
{
//return nu_.boundaryField()[patchi];
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<scalarField> tnu =
iter().boundaryField()[patchi]
*iter().nu(patchi);
scalarField& nu = tnu.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
nu +=
iter().boundaryField()[patchi]
*iter().nu(patchi);
}
return tnu;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::nuf() const
{
//return muf()/fvc::interpolate(rho());
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
tmp<surfaceScalarField> tnuf =
fvc::interpolate(iter())*fvc::interpolate(iter().nu());
surfaceScalarField& nuf = tnuf.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
nuf +=
fvc::interpolate(iter())*fvc::interpolate(iter().nu());
}
return tnuf;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::Cp() const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// rho*Cp
tmp<volScalarField> trhoCp = iter()*iter().Cp()*iter().rho();
volScalarField& rhoCp = trhoCp.ref();
// Cp
tmp<volScalarField> tCp = iter()*iter().Cp();
volScalarField& Cp = tCp.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
rhoCp += iter()*iter().Cp()*iter().rho();
}
Cp = rhoCp/rho();
return tCp;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::kf() const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// rho*Cp/kf
tmp<volScalarField> trhoCpkf = iter()*iter().rho()*iter().Cp()/iter().kf();
volScalarField& rhoCpkf = trhoCpkf.ref();
// kf
tmp<volScalarField> tkf = iter()*iter().kf();
volScalarField& kf = tkf.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
rhoCpkf += iter()*iter().rho()*iter().Cp()/iter().kf();
}
kf = rho()*Cp()/rhoCpkf;
return tkf;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::D() const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// 1/D
tmp<volScalarField> tDInv = iter()/iter().D();
volScalarField& DInv = tDInv.ref();
// D
tmp<volScalarField> tD = iter()*iter().D();
volScalarField& D = tD.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
DInv += iter()/iter().D();
}
D = 1/DInv;
return tD;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::Cs() const
{
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
// Cs
tmp<volScalarField> tCs = iter()*iter().Cs();
volScalarField& Cs = tCs.ref();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
Cs += iter()*iter().Cs();
}
return tCs;
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::diffusionCorrection() const
{
surfaceScalarField numerator
(
IOobject
(
"numerator",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimless/dimLength, 0.0)
);
surfaceScalarField denominator
(
IOobject
(
"denominator",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimless, 0.0)
);
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
const phase& alpha1 = iter();
for (++iter; iter != phases_.end(); ++iter)
{
const phase& alpha2 = iter();
scalar He = alpha1.Cs().value() / (alpha2.Cs().value() + SMALL);
numerator += (1/He - 1) * fvc::snGrad(alpha2);
denominator += fvc::interpolate(alpha2) * (1/He - 1);
}
tmp<surfaceScalarField> correction = numerator / (denominator + 1 + SMALL);
/*
PtrDictionary<phase>::const_iterator iter = phases_.begin();
const phase& alphaL = iter();
++iter;
const phase& alphaG = iter();
scalar He = alphaG.Cs().value() / (alphaL.Cs().value() + SMALL);
surfaceScalarField gradAlphaL = fvc::snGrad(alphaL);
surfaceScalarField surfAlphaL = fvc::interpolate(alphaL);
tmp<surfaceScalarField> correction = (1-He)/(surfAlphaL + He*(1-surfAlphaL) + 10*SMALL) * gradAlphaL;
*/
return correction;
}
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::solve()
{
correct();
const Time& runTime = mesh_.time();
volScalarField& alpha = phases_.first();
const dictionary& alphaControls = mesh_.solverDict("alpha");
label nAlphaSubCycles(readLabel(alphaControls.lookup("nAlphaSubCycles")));
scalar cAlpha(readScalar(alphaControls.lookup("cAlpha")));
if (nAlphaSubCycles > 1)
{
surfaceScalarField rhoPhiSum
(
IOobject
(
"rhoPhiSum",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh_
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("0", rhoPhi_.dimensions(), 0)
);
dimensionedScalar totalDeltaT = runTime.deltaT();
for
(
subCycle<volScalarField> alphaSubCycle(alpha, nAlphaSubCycles);
!(++alphaSubCycle).end();
)
{
FatalError << "Sub-cycling of the alpha equation not yet implemented!!" << abort(FatalError);
solveAlphas(cAlpha);
rhoPhiSum += (runTime.deltaT()/totalDeltaT)*rhoPhi_;
}
rhoPhi_ = rhoPhiSum;
}
else
{
solveAlphas(cAlpha);
}
// Update the mixture kinematic viscosity
nu_ = calcNu();
surfaceTensionForce_ = calcStf();
}
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::correct()
{
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
iter().correct();
}
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceVectorField> Foam::multiphaseMixture::nHatfv
(
const volScalarField& alpha1,
const volScalarField& alpha2
) const
{
/*
// Cell gradient of alpha
volVectorField gradAlpha =
alpha2*fvc::grad(alpha1) - alpha1*fvc::grad(alpha2);
// Interpolated face-gradient of alpha
surfaceVectorField gradAlphaf = fvc::interpolate(gradAlpha);
*/
surfaceVectorField gradAlphaf
(
fvc::interpolate(alpha2)*fvc::interpolate(fvc::grad(alpha1))
- fvc::interpolate(alpha1)*fvc::interpolate(fvc::grad(alpha2))
);
// Face unit interface normal
return gradAlphaf/(mag(gradAlphaf) + deltaN_);
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::multiphaseMixture::nHatf
(
const volScalarField& alpha1,
const volScalarField& alpha2
) const
{
// Face unit interface normal flux
return nHatfv(alpha1, alpha2) & mesh_.Sf();
}
// Correction for the boundary condition on the unit normal nHat on
// walls to produce the correct contact angle.
// The dynamic contact angle is calculated from the component of the
// velocity on the direction of the interface, parallel to the wall.
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::correctContactAngle
(
const phase& alpha1,
const phase& alpha2,
surfaceVectorField::Boundary& nHatb
) const
{
const volScalarField::Boundary& gbf
= alpha1.boundaryField();
const fvBoundaryMesh& boundary = mesh_.boundary();
forAll(boundary, patchi)
{
if (isA<alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField>(gbf[patchi]))
{
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField& acap =
refCast<const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField>(gbf[patchi]);
vectorField& nHatPatch = nHatb[patchi];
vectorField AfHatPatch
(
mesh_.Sf().boundaryField()[patchi]
/mesh_.magSf().boundaryField()[patchi]
);
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::thetaPropsTable::
const_iterator tp =
acap.thetaProps().find(interfacePair(alpha1, alpha2));
if (tp == acap.thetaProps().end())
{
FatalErrorInFunction
<< "Cannot find interface " << interfacePair(alpha1, alpha2)
<< "\n in table of theta properties for patch "
<< acap.patch().name()
<< exit(FatalError);
}
bool matched = (tp.key().first() == alpha1.name());
scalar theta0 = convertToRad*tp().theta0(matched);
scalarField theta(boundary[patchi].size(), theta0);
scalar uTheta = tp().uTheta();
// Calculate the dynamic contact angle if required
if (uTheta > SMALL)
{
scalar thetaA = convertToRad*tp().thetaA(matched);
scalar thetaR = convertToRad*tp().thetaR(matched);
// Calculated the component of the velocity parallel to the wall
vectorField Uwall
(
U_.boundaryField()[patchi].patchInternalField()
- U_.boundaryField()[patchi]
);
Uwall -= (AfHatPatch & Uwall)*AfHatPatch;
// Find the direction of the interface parallel to the wall
vectorField nWall
(
nHatPatch - (AfHatPatch & nHatPatch)*AfHatPatch
);
// Normalise nWall
nWall /= (mag(nWall) + SMALL);
// Calculate Uwall resolved normal to the interface parallel to
// the interface
scalarField uwall(nWall & Uwall);
theta += (thetaA - thetaR)*tanh(uwall/uTheta);
}
// Reset nHatPatch to correspond to the contact angle
scalarField a12(nHatPatch & AfHatPatch);
scalarField b1(cos(theta));
scalarField b2(nHatPatch.size());
forAll(b2, facei)
{
b2[facei] = cos(acos(a12[facei]) - theta[facei]);
}
scalarField det(1.0 - a12*a12);
scalarField a((b1 - a12*b2)/det);
scalarField b((b2 - a12*b1)/det);
nHatPatch = a*AfHatPatch + b*nHatPatch;
nHatPatch /= (mag(nHatPatch) + deltaN_.value());
}
}
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::multiphaseMixture::K
(
const phase& alpha1,
const phase& alpha2
) const
{
tmp<surfaceVectorField> tnHatfv = nHatfv(alpha1, alpha2);
correctContactAngle(alpha1, alpha2, tnHatfv.ref().boundaryFieldRef());
// Simple expression for curvature
return -fvc::div(tnHatfv & mesh_.Sf());
}
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
Foam::multiphaseMixture::nearInterface() const
{
tmp<volScalarField> tnearInt
(
new volScalarField
(
IOobject
(
"nearInterface",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("nearInterface", dimless, 0.0)
)
);
forAllConstIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
tnearInt.ref() = max(tnearInt(), pos(iter() - 0.01)*pos(0.99 - iter()));
}
return tnearInt;
}
void Foam::multiphaseMixture::solveAlphas
(
const scalar cAlpha
)
{
static label nSolves=-1;
nSolves++;
word alphaScheme("div(phi,alpha)");
word alpharScheme("div(phirb,alpha)");
surfaceScalarField phic(mag(phi_/mesh_.magSf()));
phic = min(cAlpha*phic, max(phic));
PtrList<surfaceScalarField> alphaPhiCorrs(phases_.size());
int phasei = 0;
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
phase& alpha = iter();
alphaPhiCorrs.set
(
phasei,
new surfaceScalarField
(
"phi" + alpha.name() + "Corr",
fvc::flux
(
phi_,
alpha,
alphaScheme
)
)
);
surfaceScalarField& alphaPhiCorr = alphaPhiCorrs[phasei];
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter2)
{
phase& alpha2 = iter2();
if (&alpha2 == &alpha) continue;
surfaceScalarField phir(phic*nHatf(alpha, alpha2));
alphaPhiCorr += fvc::flux
(
-fvc::flux(-phir, alpha2, alpharScheme),
alpha,
alpharScheme
);
}
MULES::limit
(
1.0/mesh_.time().deltaT().value(),
voidfraction_,
alpha,
phi_,
alphaPhiCorr,
zeroField(),
zeroField(),
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 6
1,
0,
#else
oneField(),
zeroField(),
#endif
true
);
phasei++;
}
MULES::limitSum(alphaPhiCorrs);
rhoPhi_ = dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(1, 0, -1, 0, 0), 0);
volScalarField sumAlpha
(
IOobject
(
"sumAlpha",
mesh_.time().timeName(),
mesh_
),
mesh_,
dimensionedScalar("sumAlpha", dimless, 0)
);
phasei = 0;
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
phase& alpha = iter();
surfaceScalarField& alphaPhi = alphaPhiCorrs[phasei];
alphaPhi += upwind<scalar>(mesh_, phi_).flux(alpha);
MULES::explicitSolve
(
voidfraction_,
alpha,
alphaPhi,
zeroField(),
zeroField()
);
rhoPhi_ += alphaPhi*alpha.rho();
Info<< alpha.name() << " volume fraction, min, max = "
<< alpha.weightedAverage(mesh_.V()).value()
<< ' ' << min(alpha).value()
<< ' ' << max(alpha).value()
<< endl;
sumAlpha += alpha;
phasei++;
}
Info<< "Phase-sum volume fraction, min, max = "
<< sumAlpha.weightedAverage(mesh_.V()).value()
<< ' ' << min(sumAlpha).value()
<< ' ' << max(sumAlpha).value()
<< endl;
calcAlphas();
}
bool Foam::multiphaseMixture::read()
{
if (transportModel::read())
{
bool readOK = true;
PtrList<entry> phaseData(lookup("phases"));
label phasei = 0;
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phase>, phases_, iter)
{
readOK &= iter().read(phaseData[phasei++].dict());
}
lookup("sigmas") >> sigmas_;
return readOK;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
// ************************************************************************* //

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
License
This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this code. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Copyright (C) 2018- Mathias Vångö, JKU Linz, Austria
Class
multiphaseMixture
Description
This class is based on the OpenFOAM(R) Foam::multiphaseMixture class,
which is an incompressible multi-phase mixture with built in solution
for the phase fractions with interface compression for interface-capturing.
It has been extended to include the void fraction in the volume fraction
transport equations.
Derived from transportModel so that it can be unsed in conjunction with
the incompressible turbulence models.
Surface tension and contact-angle is handled for the interface
between each phase-pair.
SourceFiles
multiphaseMixture.C
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef multiphaseMixture_H
#define multiphaseMixture_H
#include "incompressible/transportModel/transportModel.H"
#include "IOdictionary.H"
#include "phase.H"
#include "PtrDictionary.H"
#include "volFields.H"
#include "surfaceFields.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
Class multiphaseMixture Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
class multiphaseMixture
:
public IOdictionary,
public transportModel
{
public:
class interfacePair
:
public Pair<word>
{
public:
class hash
:
public Hash<interfacePair>
{
public:
hash()
{}
label operator()(const interfacePair& key) const
{
return word::hash()(key.first()) + word::hash()(key.second());
}
};
// Constructors
interfacePair()
{}
interfacePair(const word& alpha1Name, const word& alpha2Name)
:
Pair<word>(alpha1Name, alpha2Name)
{}
interfacePair(const phase& alpha1, const phase& alpha2)
:
Pair<word>(alpha1.name(), alpha2.name())
{}
// Friend Operators
friend bool operator==
(
const interfacePair& a,
const interfacePair& b
)
{
return
(
((a.first() == b.first()) && (a.second() == b.second()))
|| ((a.first() == b.second()) && (a.second() == b.first()))
);
}
friend bool operator!=
(
const interfacePair& a,
const interfacePair& b
)
{
return (!(a == b));
}
};
private:
// Private data
//- Dictionary of phases
PtrDictionary<phase> phases_;
const fvMesh& mesh_;
const volVectorField& U_;
const surfaceScalarField& phi_;
const volScalarField& voidfraction_;
surfaceScalarField rhoPhi_;
surfaceScalarField surfaceTensionForce_;
volScalarField alphas_;
volScalarField nu_;
typedef HashTable<scalar, interfacePair, interfacePair::hash>
sigmaTable;
sigmaTable sigmas_;
dimensionSet dimSigma_;
//- Stabilisation for normalisation of the interface normal
const dimensionedScalar deltaN_;
//- Conversion factor for degrees into radians
static const scalar convertToRad;
// Private member functions
void calcAlphas();
tmp<volScalarField> calcNu() const;
void solveAlphas(const scalar cAlpha);
tmp<surfaceVectorField> nHatfv
(
const volScalarField& alpha1,
const volScalarField& alpha2
) const;
tmp<surfaceScalarField> nHatf
(
const volScalarField& alpha1,
const volScalarField& alpha2
) const;
void correctContactAngle
(
const phase& alpha1,
const phase& alpha2,
surfaceVectorField::Boundary& nHatb
) const;
tmp<volScalarField> K(const phase& alpha1, const phase& alpha2) const;
tmp<surfaceScalarField> calcStf() const;
public:
// Constructors
//- Construct from components
multiphaseMixture
(
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi,
const volScalarField& voidfraction
);
//- Destructor
virtual ~multiphaseMixture()
{}
// Member Functions
//- Return the phases
const PtrDictionary<phase>& phases() const
{
return phases_;
}
//- Return the velocity
const volVectorField& U() const
{
return U_;
}
//- Return the volumetric flux
const surfaceScalarField& phi() const
{
return phi_;
}
const surfaceScalarField& rhoPhi() const
{
return rhoPhi_;
}
//- Return the mixture density
tmp<volScalarField> rho() const;
//- Return the mixture density for patch
tmp<scalarField> rho(const label patchi) const;
//- Return the dynamic laminar viscosity
tmp<volScalarField> mu() const;
//- Return the dynamic laminar viscosity for patch
tmp<scalarField> mu(const label patchi) const;
//- Return the face-interpolated dynamic laminar viscosity
tmp<surfaceScalarField> muf() const;
//- Return the kinematic laminar viscosity
tmp<volScalarField> nu() const;
//- Return the laminar viscosity for patch
tmp<scalarField> nu(const label patchi) const;
//- Return the face-interpolated dynamic laminar viscosity
tmp<surfaceScalarField> nuf() const;
//- Return the heat capacity
tmp<volScalarField> Cp() const;
//- Return the thermal conductivity
tmp<volScalarField> kf() const;
//- Return the diffusion coefficient
tmp<volScalarField> D() const;
//- Return the solubility
tmp<volScalarField> Cs() const;
//- Return the diffusion correction term
tmp<surfaceScalarField> diffusionCorrection() const;
tmp<surfaceScalarField> surfaceTensionForce() const
{
return surfaceTensionForce_;
}
//- Indicator of the proximity of the interface
// Field values are 1 near and 0 away for the interface.
tmp<volScalarField> nearInterface() const;
//- Solve for the mixture phase-fractions
void solve();
//- Correct the mixture properties
void correct();
//- Read base transportProperties dictionary
bool read();
};
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace Foam
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
#endif
// ************************************************************************* //

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "phase.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::phase::phase
(
const word& phaseName,
const dictionary& phaseDict,
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi
)
:
volScalarField
(
IOobject
(
IOobject::groupName("alpha", phaseName),
U.mesh().time().timeName(),
U.mesh(),
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
U.mesh()
),
name_(phaseName),
phaseDict_(phaseDict),
nuModel_
(
viscosityModel::New
(
IOobject::groupName("nu", phaseName),
phaseDict_,
U,
phi
)
),
rho_("rho", dimDensity, phaseDict_),
Cp_("Cp", (dimSpecificHeatCapacity), phaseDict_),
kf_("kf", (dimPower/dimLength/dimTemperature), phaseDict_),
D_("D", dimViscosity, phaseDict_),
Cs_("Cs", dimDensity, phaseDict_)
{}
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Foam::autoPtr<Foam::phase> Foam::phase::clone() const
{
NotImplemented;
return autoPtr<phase>(NULL);
}
void Foam::phase::correct()
{
nuModel_->correct();
}
bool Foam::phase::read(const dictionary& phaseDict)
{
phaseDict_ = phaseDict;
phaseDict_.lookup("Cp") >> Cp_;
phaseDict_.lookup("kf") >> kf_;
phaseDict_.lookup("D") >> D_;
phaseDict_.lookup("Cs") >> Cs_;
if (nuModel_->read(phaseDict_))
{
phaseDict_.lookup("rho") >> rho_;
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
// ************************************************************************* //

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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
========= |
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
\\ / O peration |
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
\\/ M anipulation |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Class
Foam::phase
Description
Single incompressible phase derived from the phase-fraction.
Used as part of the multiPhaseMixture for interface-capturing multi-phase
simulations.
SourceFiles
phase.C
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef phase_H
#define phase_H
#include "volFields.H"
#include "dictionaryEntry.H"
#include "incompressible/viscosityModels/viscosityModel/viscosityModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
namespace Foam
{
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
Class phase Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
class phase
:
public volScalarField
{
// Private data
word name_;
dictionary phaseDict_;
autoPtr<viscosityModel> nuModel_;
dimensionedScalar rho_;
dimensionedScalar Cp_;
dimensionedScalar kf_;
dimensionedScalar D_;
dimensionedScalar Cs_;
public:
// Constructors
//- Construct from components
phase
(
const word& name,
const dictionary& phaseDict,
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi
);
//- Return clone
autoPtr<phase> clone() const;
//- Return a pointer to a new phase created on freestore
// from Istream
class iNew
{
const volVectorField& U_;
const surfaceScalarField& phi_;
public:
iNew
(
const volVectorField& U,
const surfaceScalarField& phi
)
:
U_(U),
phi_(phi)
{}
autoPtr<phase> operator()(Istream& is) const
{
dictionaryEntry ent(dictionary::null, is);
return autoPtr<phase>(new phase(ent.keyword(), ent, U_, phi_));
}
};
// Member Functions
const word& name() const
{
return name_;
}
const word& keyword() const
{
return name();
}
//- Return const-access to phase1 viscosityModel
const viscosityModel& nuModel() const
{
return nuModel_();
}
//- Return the kinematic laminar viscosity
tmp<volScalarField> nu() const
{
return nuModel_->nu();
}
//- Return the laminar viscosity for patch
tmp<scalarField> nu(const label patchi) const
{
return nuModel_->nu(patchi);
}
//- Return const-access to phase1 density
const dimensionedScalar& rho() const
{
return rho_;
}
//- Return const-access to phase1 heat capacity
const dimensionedScalar& Cp() const
{
return Cp_;
}
//- Return const-access to phase1 thermal conductivity
const dimensionedScalar& kf() const
{
return kf_;
}
//- Return const-access to phase1 diffusion coefficient
const dimensionedScalar& D() const
{
return D_;
}
//- Return const-access to phase1 solubility
const dimensionedScalar& Cs() const
{
return Cs_;
}
//- Correct the phase properties
void correct();
//-Inherit read from volScalarField
using volScalarField::read;
//- Read base transportProperties dictionary
bool read(const dictionary& phaseDict);
};
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
} // End namespace Foam
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
#endif
// ************************************************************************* //

73
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverMultiphaseScalar/pEqn.H Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
{
volScalarField rAU("rAU", 1.0/UEqn.A());
surfaceScalarField rAUepsf("rAUepsf", fvc::interpolate(rAU*voidfraction));
surfaceScalarField rAUepsSqf("rAUepsSqf", fvc::interpolate(rAU*voidfraction*voidfraction));
volVectorField Ueps("Ueps", U * voidfraction);
volVectorField HbyA(constrainHbyA(rAU*UEqn.H(), U, p_rgh));
surfaceScalarField phiHbyA
(
"phiHbyA",
fvc::flux(HbyA*voidfraction)
+ fvc::interpolate(voidfraction*rho*rAU)*fvc::ddtCorr(U, phi)
);
adjustPhi(phiHbyA, U, p_rgh);
if (modelType == "A")
rAUepsf = rAUepsSqf;
surfaceScalarField phig (-ghf*fvc::snGrad(rho)*rAUepsf*mesh.magSf());
surfaceScalarField phiSt (mixture.surfaceTensionForce()*rAUepsSqf*mesh.magSf());
surfaceScalarField phiS (fvc::flux(voidfraction*Us*Ksl*rAU));
phiHbyA += phig + phiSt + phiS;
// Update the pressure BCs to ensure flux consistency
constrainPressure(p_rgh, Ueps, phiHbyA, rAUepsf);
while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
{
fvScalarMatrix p_rghEqn
(
fvm::laplacian(rAUepsf, p_rgh) == particleCloud.ddtVoidfraction() + fvc::div(phiHbyA)
);
p_rghEqn.setReference(pRefCell, getRefCellValue(p_rgh, pRefCell));
p_rghEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p_rgh.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
{
phi = phiHbyA - p_rghEqn.flux();
p_rgh.relax();
if (modelType == "A")
U = HbyA + voidfraction*rAU*fvc::reconstruct((phig-p_rghEqn.flux()+phiSt)/rAUepsf) + rAU*Us*Ksl;
else
U = HbyA + rAU*fvc::reconstruct((phig-p_rghEqn.flux()+phiSt)/rAUepsf) + rAU*Us*Ksl;
U.correctBoundaryConditions();
fvOptions.correct(U);
}
}
#include "continuityErrs.H"
p == p_rgh + rho*gh;
if (p_rgh.needReference())
{
p += dimensionedScalar
(
"p",
p.dimensions(),
pRefValue - getRefCellValue(p, pRefCell)
);
p_rgh = p - rho*gh;
}
}

2
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPiso/Make/options
View File

@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ EXE_INC = \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ EXE_LIBS = \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools \
-lfvOptions \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

4
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPiso/UEqn.H
View File

@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
particleCloud.otherForces(fOther);
fvVectorMatrix UEqn
(
fvm::ddt(voidfraction,U) - fvm::Sp(fvc::ddt(voidfraction),U)
+ fvm::div(phi,U) - fvm::Sp(fvc::div(phi),U)
+ particleCloud.divVoidfractionTau(U, voidfraction)
- fOther/rho
==
fvOptions(U)
- fvm::Sp(Ksl/rho,U)
);

19
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPiso/createFields.H
View File

@ -46,6 +46,21 @@
//dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(1, -3, -1, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
Info<< "\nCreating body force field\n" << endl;
volVectorField fOther
(
IOobject
(
"fOther",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedVector("zero", dimensionSet(1,-2,-2,0,0,0,0), vector::zero)
);
Info<< "\nReading voidfraction field voidfraction = (Vgas/Vparticle)\n" << endl;
volScalarField voidfraction
(
@ -96,7 +111,7 @@
#define createPhi_H
Info<< "Reading/calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phi
(
(
IOobject
(
"phi",
@ -106,7 +121,7 @@ surfaceScalarField phi
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
linearInterpolate(U*voidfraction) & mesh.Sf()
);
);
#endif

3
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPisoFreeStreaming/Make/files Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
cfdemSolverPisoFreeStreaming.C
EXE=$(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/cfdemSolverPisoFreeStreaming

28
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPisoFreeStreaming/Make/options Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
EXE_INC = \
-I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
-I$(FOAM_SOLVERS)/incompressible/pisoFoam \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/derived/cfdemCloudRec \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
-lturbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools \
-lfvOptions \
-lsampling \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

126
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPisoFreeStreaming/cfdemSolverPisoFreeStreaming.C Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
CFDEMcoupling - Open Source CFD-DEM coupling
CFDEMcoupling is part of the CFDEMproject
www.cfdem.com
Christoph Goniva, christoph.goniva@cfdem.com
Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
Copyright (C) 2009-2012 JKU, Linz
Copyright (C) 2012- DCS Computing GmbH,Linz
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of CFDEMcoupling.
CFDEMcoupling is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
CFDEMcoupling is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with CFDEMcoupling. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Application
cfdemSolverPisoFreeStreaming
Description
Transient solver for incompressible flow.
Turbulence modelling is generic, i.e. laminar, RAS or LES may be selected.
The code is an evolution of the solver pisoFoam in OpenFOAM(R) 1.6,
where additional functionality for CFD-DEM coupling is added.
the particles follow the fluid velocity
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "fvCFD.H"
#include "singlePhaseTransportModel.H"
#include "turbulentTransportModel.H"
#include "pisoControl.H"
#include "fvOptions.H"
#include "cfdemCloudRec.H"
#include "cfdemCloud.H"
#include "implicitCouple.H"
#include "clockModel.H"
#include "smoothingModel.H"
#include "forceModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
#include "postProcess.H"
#include "setRootCase.H"
#include "createTime.H"
#include "createMesh.H"
#include "createControl.H"
#include "createFields.H"
#include "createFvOptions.H"
#include "initContinuityErrs.H"
cfdemCloudRec<cfdemCloud> particleCloud(mesh);
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Info<< "\nStarting time loop\n" << endl;
while (runTime.loop())
{
particleCloud.clockM().start(1,"Global");
Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
#include "CourantNo.H"
// do particle stuff
particleCloud.clockM().start(2,"Coupling");
particleCloud.evolve(voidfraction,Us,U);
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Coupling");
particleCloud.clockM().start(26,"Flow");
if(particleCloud.solveFlow())
{
// Pressure-velocity PISO corrector
{
// Momentum predictor
#include "UEqn.H"
// --- PISO loop
while (piso.correct())
{
#include "pEqn.H"
}
}
laminarTransport.correct();
turbulence->correct();
}
else
{
Info << "skipping flow solution." << endl;
}
runTime.write();
Info<< "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"
<< " ClockTime = " << runTime.elapsedClockTime() << " s"
<< nl << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Flow");
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Global");
}
Info<< "End\n" << endl;
return 0;
}
// ************************************************************************* //

110
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPisoFreeStreaming/createFields.H Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
Info<< "Reading field p\n" << endl;
volScalarField p
(
IOobject
(
"p",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "Reading physical velocity field U" << endl;
Info<< "Note: only if voidfraction at boundary is 1, U is superficial velocity!!!\n" << endl;
volVectorField U
(
IOobject
(
"U",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
//===============================
// particle interaction modelling
//===============================
Info<< "\nReading voidfraction field voidfraction = (Vgas/Vparticle)\n" << endl;
volScalarField voidfraction
(
IOobject
(
"voidfraction",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "\nCreating density field rho\n" << endl;
volScalarField rho
(
IOobject
(
"rho",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "Reading particle velocity field Us\n" << endl;
volVectorField Us
(
IOobject
(
"Us",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
//===============================
//# include "createPhi.H"
#ifndef createPhi_H
#define createPhi_H
Info<< "Reading/calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phi
(
IOobject
(
"phi",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
linearInterpolate(U) & mesh.Sf()
);
#endif
label pRefCell = 0;
scalar pRefValue = 0.0;
setRefCell(p, mesh.solutionDict().subDict("PISO"), pRefCell, pRefValue);
singlePhaseTransportModel laminarTransport(U, phi);
autoPtr<incompressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
(
incompressible::turbulenceModel::New(U, phi, laminarTransport)
);
#include "createMRF.H"

1
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPisoMS/Make/options
View File

@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ EXE_INC = \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\

1
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPisoScalar/Make/options
View File

@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ EXE_INC = \
-I../cfdemSolverPiso \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\

19
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverPisoScalar/createFields.H
View File

@ -46,6 +46,21 @@
//dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(0, 0, -1, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
Info<< "\nCreating body force field\n" << endl;
volVectorField fOther
(
IOobject
(
"fOther",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedVector("zero", dimensionSet(1,-2,-2,0,0,0,0), vector::zero)
);
Info<< "\nReading voidfraction field voidfraction = (Vgas/Vparticle)\n" << endl;
volScalarField voidfraction
(
@ -146,7 +161,7 @@
#define createPhi_H
Info<< "Reading/calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phi
(
(
IOobject
(
"phi",
@ -156,7 +171,7 @@ surfaceScalarField phi
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
linearInterpolate(U*voidfraction) & mesh.Sf()
);
);
#endif

41
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverRhoPimple/EEqn.H
View File

@ -6,10 +6,18 @@
particleCloud.energyContributions(Qsource);
particleCloud.energyCoefficients(QCoeff);
//thDiff=particleCloud.thermCondM().thermDiff();
thCond=particleCloud.thermCondM().thermCond();
Cpv = he.name() == "e" ? thermo.Cv() : thermo.Cp();
addSource = fvc::ddt(rhoeps, K) + fvc::div(phi, K)
// For implict T terms in the energy/enthalpy transport equation, use
// (he_n+1 - he_n) / (T_n+1 - T_n) = Cpv to eliminate T_n+1 with he_n+1.
// This formula is valid for ideal gases with e=e(T) and h=h(T). For
// incompressible fluids, e=e(T) holds, too, but enthalpy would need correction
// terms accounting for pressure variations.
fvScalarMatrix EEqn
(
fvm::ddt(rhoeps, he) + fvm::div(phi, he)
+ fvc::ddt(rhoeps, K) + fvc::div(phi, K)
+ (
he.name() == "e"
? fvc::div
@ -19,23 +27,14 @@
"div(phiv,p)"
)
: -dpdt
);
Cpv = he.name() == "e" ? thermo.Cv() : thermo.Cp();
fvScalarMatrix EEqn
(
fvm::ddt(rhoeps, he) + fvm::div(phi, he)
+ addSource
// net heat transfer from particles to fluid
)
- Qsource
- QCoeff*T
- fvm::Sp(QCoeff/Cpv, he)
// thermal conduction of the fluid with effective conductivity
// - fvm::laplacian(rhoeps*thDiff,he)
+ QCoeff/Cpv*he
- fvc::laplacian(voidfraction*thCond,T)
- fvm::laplacian(voidfraction*thCond/Cpv,he)
// + particle-fluid energy transfer due to work
// + fluid energy dissipation due to shearing
+ fvc::laplacian(voidfraction*thCond/Cpv,he)
==
fvOptions(rho, he)
);
@ -51,9 +50,9 @@
thermo.correct();
Info<< "T max/min : " << max(T).value() << " " << min(T).value() << endl;
Info<< "T max/min/ave : " << max(T).value() << " " << min(T).value() << " " << average(T).value() << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().start(31,"postFlow");
particleCloud.postFlow();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("postFlow");
particleCloud.clockM().start(31,"energySolve");
particleCloud.solve();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("energySolve");
}

3
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverRhoPimple/Make/options
View File

@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR := $(word 1,$(subst ., ,$(WM_PROJECT_VERSION)))
PFLAGS+= -DOPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR=$(FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR)
PFLAGS+= -Dcompre
EXE_INC = \
@ -15,6 +17,7 @@ EXE_INC = \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\

37
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverRhoPimple/cfdemSolverRhoPimple.C
View File

@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ Description
#include "turbulentFluidThermoModel.H"
#include "bound.H"
#include "pimpleControl.H"
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR >= 5
#include "pressureControl.H"
#endif
#include "fvOptions.H"
#include "localEulerDdtScheme.H"
#include "fvcSmooth.H"
@ -69,16 +72,19 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
#include "checkModelType.H"
turbulence->validate();
// #include "compressibleCourantNo.H"
// #include "setInitialDeltaT.H"
#include "compressibleCourantNo.H"
#include "setInitialDeltaT.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Info<< "\nStarting time loop\n" << endl;
bool firstStep = true;
while (runTime.run())
{
#include "readTimeControls.H"
#include "compressibleCourantNo.H"
#include "setDeltaT.H"
@ -90,9 +96,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
// do particle stuff
particleCloud.clockM().start(2,"Coupling");
bool hasEvolved = particleCloud.evolve(voidfraction,Us,U);
if(hasEvolved)
if(hasEvolved && smoothenForces)
{
particleCloud.smoothingM().smoothen(particleCloud.forceM(0).impParticleForces());
}
@ -109,19 +116,35 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
Info << "TotalForceImp: " << fImpTotal << endl;
#include "solverDebugInfo.H"
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Coupling");
particleCloud.clockM().start(26,"Flow");
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 6
if (pimple.nCorrPIMPLE() <= 1)
{
#include "rhoEqn.H"
}
rhoeps = rho*voidfraction;
#endif
volScalarField rhoeps("rhoeps",rho*voidfraction);
// --- Pressure-velocity PIMPLE corrector loop
while (pimple.loop())
{
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR >= 6
if (pimple.firstIter())
{
#include "rhoEqn.H"
if (firstStep)
{
rhoeps.oldTime() = rho.oldTime()*voidfraction.oldTime();
firstStep = false;
}
rhoeps = rho*voidfraction;
}
#endif
#include "UEqn.H"
#include "EEqn.H"
@ -130,7 +153,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
// besides this pEqn, OF offers a "pimple consistent"-option
#include "pEqn.H"
rhoeps=rho*voidfraction;
}
if (pimple.turbCorr())
@ -139,8 +161,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
}
}
runTime.write();
particleCloud.clockM().start(31,"postFlow");
particleCloud.postFlow();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("postFlow");
runTime.write();
Info<< "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"
<< " ClockTime = " << runTime.elapsedClockTime() << " s"

95
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverRhoPimple/createFields.H
View File

@ -51,19 +51,49 @@ Info<< "Reading thermophysical properties\n" << endl;
mesh
);
volScalarField addSource
volScalarField rhoeps("rhoeps", rho*voidfraction);
rhoeps.oldTime(); // switch on saving old time
Info<< "Reading/calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phi
(
IOobject
(
"addSource",
"phi",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
linearInterpolate(rho*U*voidfraction) & mesh.Sf()
);
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 5
dimensionedScalar rhoMax
(
dimensionedScalar::lookupOrDefault
(
"rhoMax",
pimple.dict(),
dimDensity,
GREAT
)
);
dimensionedScalar rhoMin
(
dimensionedScalar::lookupOrDefault
(
"rhoMin",
pimple.dict(),
dimDensity,
0
)
);
#else
pressureControl pressureControl(p, rho, pimple.dict(), false);
#endif
Info<< "\nCreating fluid-particle heat flux field\n" << endl;
volScalarField Qsource
(
@ -94,21 +124,6 @@ Info<< "Reading thermophysical properties\n" << endl;
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-1,-3,-1,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
/* Info<< "\nCreating thermal diffusivity field\n" << endl;
volScalarField thDiff
(
IOobject
(
"thDiff",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(0,2,-1,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
*/
Info<< "\nCreating thermal conductivity field\n" << endl;
volScalarField thCond
(
@ -117,11 +132,12 @@ Info<< "Reading thermophysical properties\n" << endl;
"thCond",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,1,-3,-1,0,0,0), 0.0)
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,1,-3,-1,0,0,0), 0.0),
"zeroGradient"
);
Info<< "\nCreating heat capacity field\n" << endl;
@ -154,41 +170,16 @@ Info<< "Reading thermophysical properties\n" << endl;
dimensionedVector("zero", dimensionSet(1,-2,-2,0,0,0,0), vector::zero)
);
Info<< "Reading/calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phi
bool smoothenForces
(
IOobject
pimple.dict().lookupOrDefault<bool>
(
"phi",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
linearInterpolate(rho*U*voidfraction) & mesh.Sf()
);
dimensionedScalar rhoMax
(
dimensionedScalar::lookupOrDefault
(
"rhoMax",
pimple.dict(),
dimDensity,
GREAT
)
);
dimensionedScalar rhoMin
(
dimensionedScalar::lookupOrDefault
(
"rhoMin",
pimple.dict(),
dimDensity,
0
"smoothenForces",
false
)
);
if (smoothenForces) Info << "Smoothening implicit particle forces.\n" << endl;
else Info << "Not smoothening implicit particle forces.\n" << endl;
Info<< "Creating turbulence model\n" << endl;
autoPtr<compressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence

79
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverRhoPimple/pEqn.H
View File

@ -1,14 +1,19 @@
rho = thermo.rho();
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 5
rho = max(rho, rhoMin);
rho = min(rho, rhoMax);
rho.relax();
rhoeps = rho*voidfraction;
#else
rhoeps = rho*voidfraction;
// Thermodynamic density needs to be updated by psi*d(p) after the
// pressure solution
const volScalarField psip0(psi*p);
#endif
volScalarField rAU(1.0/UEqn.A());
surfaceScalarField rhorAUf("rhorAUf", fvc::interpolate(rhoeps*rAU));
if (modelType=="A")
{
rhorAUf *= fvc::interpolate(voidfraction);
}
surfaceScalarField rhorAUf("rhorAUf", (modelType=="A")?fvc::interpolate(voidfraction*rhoeps*rAU):fvc::interpolate(rhoeps*rAU));
volVectorField HbyA(constrainHbyA(rAU*UEqn.H(), U, p));
surfaceScalarField phiUs("phiUs", fvc::interpolate(rhoeps*rAU*Ksl*Us)& mesh.Sf());
@ -18,30 +23,40 @@ if (pimple.nCorrPISO() <= 1)
tUEqn.clear();
}
surfaceScalarField phiHbyA
(
"phiHbyA",
fvc::interpolate(rhoeps)*fvc::flux(HbyA)
+ rhorAUf*fvc::ddtCorr(rhoeps, U, phi)
);
if (pimple.transonic())
{
// transonic version not implemented yet
}
else
{
surfaceScalarField phiHbyA
(
"phiHbyA",
(
fvc::flux(rhoeps*HbyA)
// + rhorAUf*fvc::ddtCorr(rho, U, phi)
)
);
// flux without pressure gradient contribution
phi = phiHbyA + phiUs;
// Update the pressure BCs to ensure flux consistency
constrainPressure(p, rhoeps, U, phi, rhorAUf);
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR >= 5
fvScalarMatrix pDDtEqn
(
fvc::ddt(rhoeps)
+ psi*voidfraction*correction(fvm::ddt(p))
+ fvc::div(phi)
==
fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
);
#endif
while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
{
// Pressure corrector
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 5
fvScalarMatrix pEqn
(
fvm::ddt(psi*voidfraction, p)
@ -50,6 +65,9 @@ else
==
fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
);
#else
fvScalarMatrix pEqn(pDDtEqn - fvm::laplacian(rhorAUf, p));
#endif
pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
@ -60,19 +78,18 @@ else
}
}
// Thermodynamic density update
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR >= 5
thermo.correctRho(psi*p - psip0);
#endif
#include "rhoEqn.H"
#include "compressibleContinuityErrsPU.H"
// Explicitly relax pressure for momentum corrector
p.relax();
// Recalculate density from the relaxed pressure
rho = thermo.rho();
rho = max(rho, rhoMin);
rho = min(rho, rhoMax);
rho.relax();
Info<< "rho max/min : " << max(rho).value()
<< " " << min(rho).value() << endl;
Info<< "p max/min/ave : " << max(p).value()
<< " " << min(p).value() << " " << average(p).value() << endl;
if (modelType=="A")
{
@ -86,6 +103,24 @@ U.correctBoundaryConditions();
fvOptions.correct(U);
K = 0.5*magSqr(U);
// Recalculate density from the relaxed pressure
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR >= 5
if (pressureControl.limit(p))
{
p.correctBoundaryConditions();
}
rho = thermo.rho();
#else
rho = thermo.rho();
rho = max(rho, rhoMin);
rho = min(rho, rhoMax);
rho.relax();
#endif
rhoeps = rho*voidfraction;
Info<< "rho max/min/ave : " << max(rho).value()
<< " " << min(rho).value() << " " << average(rho).value() << endl;
if (thermo.dpdt())
{
dpdt = fvc::ddt(voidfraction,p);

62
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@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
// contributions to internal energy equation can be found in
// Crowe et al.: "Multiphase flows with droplets and particles", CRC Press 1998
{
// dim he = J / kg
volScalarField& he = thermo.he();
particleCloud.energyContributions(Qsource);
particleCloud.energyCoefficients(QCoeff);
Cpv = he.name() == "e" ? thermo.Cv() : thermo.Cp();
// For implict T terms in the energy/enthalpy transport equation, use
// (he_n+1 - he_n) / (T_n+1 - T_n) = Cpv to eliminate T_n+1 with he_n+1.
// This formula is valid for ideal gases with e=e(T) and h=h(T). For
// incompressible fluids, e=e(T) holds, too, but enthalpy would need correction
// terms accounting for pressure variations.
fvScalarMatrix EEqn
(
fvm::ddt(rhoeps, he) + fvm::div(phi, he)
+ fvc::ddt(rhoeps, K) + fvc::div(phi, K)
+ (
he.name() == "e"
? fvc::div
(
fvc::absolute(phi/fvc::interpolate(rho), voidfraction*U),
p,
"div(phiv,p)"
)
: -dpdt
)
- Qsource
- QCoeff*T
- fvm::Sp(QCoeff/Cpv, he)
+ QCoeff/Cpv*he
- fvc::laplacian(voidfraction*thCond,T)
- fvm::laplacian(voidfraction*thCond/Cpv,he)
+ fvc::laplacian(voidfraction*thCond/Cpv,he)
==
// + combustion->Sh()
fvOptions(rho, he)
);
EEqn.relax();
fvOptions.constrain(EEqn);
EEqn.solve();
fvOptions.correct(he);
thermo.correct();
Info << "Qsource :" << max(Qsource).value() << " " << min(Qsource).value() << endl;
Info << "QCoeff :" << max(QCoeff).value() << " " << min(QCoeff).value() << endl;
Info << "Cpv :" << max(Cpv).value() << " " << min(Cpv).value() << endl;
Info<< "T max/min : " << max(T).value() << " " << min(T).value() << endl;
Info << "he max/min : " << max(he).value() << " " << min(he).value() << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().start(31,"energySolve");
particleCloud.solve();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("energySolve");
}

3
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@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
cfdemSolverRhoPimpleChem.C
EXE=$(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/cfdemSolverRhoPimpleChem

52
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@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR := $(word 1,$(subst ., ,$(WM_PROJECT_VERSION)))
PFLAGS+= -DOPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR=$(FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR)
PFLAGS+= -Dcompre
EXE_INC = \
$(PFLAGS) \
-I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/cfdTools \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/compressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/fvOptions/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/specie/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/compressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/reactionThermo/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/chemistryModel/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/regionModel/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/regionModels/surfaceFilmModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/ODE/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/combustionModels/lnInclude \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR) \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools \
-lturbulenceModels \
-lcompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-lcompressibleTransportModels \
-lfluidThermophysicalModels \
-lspecie \
-lsampling \
-lfvOptions \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_COMP_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS) \
-lreactionThermophysicalModels \
-lchemistryModel \
-lradiationModels \
-lregionModels \
-lsurfaceFilmModels \
-lODE \
-lcombustionModels

31
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverRhoPimpleChem/UEqn.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
// Solve the Momentum equation
tmp<fvVectorMatrix> tUEqn
(
fvm::ddt(rhoeps,U) + fvm::div(phi, U)
+ particleCloud.divVoidfractionTau(U, voidfraction)
+ fvm::Sp(Ksl,U)
==
fvOptions(rho, U)
);
fvVectorMatrix& UEqn = tUEqn.ref();
UEqn.relax();
fvOptions.constrain(UEqn);
if (pimple.momentumPredictor() && (modelType=="B" || modelType=="Bfull"))
{
solve(UEqn == -fvc::grad(p)+ Ksl*Us);
fvOptions.correct(U);
K = 0.5*magSqr(U);
}
else if (pimple.momentumPredictor())
{
solve(UEqn == -voidfraction*fvc::grad(p)+ Ksl*Us);
fvOptions.correct(U);
K = 0.5*magSqr(U);
}

80
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@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
particleCloud.clockM().start(29,"Y");
tmp<fv::convectionScheme<scalar> > mvConvection
(
fv::convectionScheme<scalar>::New
(
mesh,
fields,
phi,
mesh.divScheme("div(phi,Yi_h)")
)
);
{
combustion->correct();
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 5
dQ = combustion->dQ();
#else
Qdot = combustion->Qdot();
#endif
label inertIndex = -1;
volScalarField Yt(0.0*Y[0]);
forAll(Y, i)
{
if (Y[i].name() == inertSpecie) inertIndex = i;
if (Y[i].name() != inertSpecie || propagateInertSpecie)
{
volScalarField& Yi = Y[i];
fvScalarMatrix YiEqn
(
fvm::ddt(rhoeps, Yi)
+ mvConvection->fvmDiv(phi, Yi)
- fvm::laplacian(voidfraction*turbulence->muEff(), Yi)
==
combustion->R(Yi)
+ particleCloud.chemistryM(0).Smi(i)
+ fvOptions(rho, Yi)
);
YiEqn.relax();
fvOptions.constrain(YiEqn);
YiEqn.solve(mesh.solver("Yi"));
fvOptions.correct(Yi);
Yi.max(0.0);
if (Y[i].name() != inertSpecie) Yt += Yi;
}
}
if (inertIndex!=-1)
{
Y[inertIndex].max(inertLowerBound);
Y[inertIndex].min(inertUpperBound);
}
if (propagateInertSpecie)
{
if (inertIndex!=-1) Yt /= (1-Y[inertIndex] + VSMALL);
forAll(Y,i)
{
if (i!=inertIndex)
{
volScalarField& Yi = Y[i];
Yi = Yi/(Yt+VSMALL);
}
}
}
else
{
Y[inertIndex] = scalar(1) - Yt;
Y[inertIndex].max(0.0);
}
}
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Y");

179
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@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
License
This is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this code. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Copyright (C) 2015- Thomas Lichtenegger, JKU Linz, Austria
Application
cfdemSolverRhoPimpleChem
Description
Transient solver for compressible flow using the flexible PIMPLE (PISO-SIMPLE)
algorithm.
Turbulence modelling is generic, i.e. laminar, RAS or LES may be selected.
The code is an evolution of the solver rhoPimpleFoam in OpenFOAM(R) 2.3,
where additional functionality for CFD-DEM coupling is added.
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "fvCFD.H"
#include "turbulentFluidThermoModel.H"
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 6
#include "rhoCombustionModel.H"
#else
#include "rhoReactionThermo.H"
#include "CombustionModel.H"
#endif
#include "bound.H"
#include "pimpleControl.H"
#include "fvOptions.H"
#include "localEulerDdtScheme.H"
#include "fvcSmooth.H"
#include "cfdemCloudEnergy.H"
#include "implicitCouple.H"
#include "clockModel.H"
#include "smoothingModel.H"
#include "forceModel.H"
#include "thermCondModel.H"
#include "energyModel.H"
#include "chemistryModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
#include "postProcess.H"
#include "setRootCase.H"
#include "createTime.H"
#include "createMesh.H"
#include "createControl.H"
#include "createTimeControls.H"
#include "createRDeltaT.H"
#include "initContinuityErrs.H"
#include "createFields.H"
#include "createFieldRefs.H"
#include "createFvOptions.H"
// create cfdemCloud
#include "readGravitationalAcceleration.H"
cfdemCloudEnergy particleCloud(mesh);
#include "checkModelType.H"
turbulence->validate();
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Info<< "\nStarting time loop\n" << endl;
scalar m(0.0);
scalar m0(0.0);
label counter(0);
while (runTime.run())
{
#include "readTimeControls.H"
#include "compressibleCourantNo.H"
#include "setDeltaT.H"
runTime++;
particleCloud.clockM().start(1,"Global");
Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
// do particle stuff
particleCloud.clockM().start(2,"Coupling");
bool hasEvolved = particleCloud.evolve(voidfraction,Us,U);
if(hasEvolved)
{
particleCloud.smoothingM().smoothen(particleCloud.forceM(0).impParticleForces());
}
Info << "update Ksl.internalField()" << endl;
Ksl = particleCloud.momCoupleM(0).impMomSource();
Ksl.correctBoundaryConditions();
//Force Checks
vector fTotal(0,0,0);
vector fImpTotal = sum(mesh.V()*Ksl.primitiveFieldRef()*(Us.primitiveFieldRef()-U.primitiveFieldRef()));
reduce(fImpTotal, sumOp<vector>());
Info << "TotalForceExp: " << fTotal << endl;
Info << "TotalForceImp: " << fImpTotal << endl;
#include "solverDebugInfo.H"
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Coupling");
particleCloud.clockM().start(26,"Flow");
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 6
if (pimple.nCorrPIMPLE() <= 1)
#else
if (pimple.nCorrPimple() <= 1)
#endif
{
#include "rhoEqn.H"
}
rhoeps = rho * voidfraction;
// --- Pressure-velocity PIMPLE corrector loop
while (pimple.loop())
{
#include "UEqn.H"
#include "YEqn.H"
#include "EEqn.H"
// --- Pressure corrector loop
while (pimple.correct())
{
#include "molConc.H"
#include "pEqn.H"
}
if (pimple.turbCorr())
{
turbulence->correct();
}
}
#include "monitorMass.H"
particleCloud.clockM().start(31,"postFlow");
particleCloud.postFlow();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("postFlow");
runTime.write();
Info<< "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"
<< " ClockTime = " << runTime.elapsedClockTime() << " s"
<< nl << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Flow");
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Global");
}
Info<< "End\n" << endl;
return 0;
}
// ************************************************************************* //

2
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverRhoPimpleChem/createFieldRefs.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
const volScalarField& T = thermo.T();
const volScalarField& psi = thermo.psi();

320
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverRhoPimpleChem/createFields.H Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
// thermodynamics, chemistry
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 6
Info<< "Creating combustion model\n" << endl;
autoPtr<combustionModels::rhoCombustionModel> combustion
(
combustionModels::rhoCombustionModel::New(mesh)
);
rhoReactionThermo& thermo = combustion->thermo();
#else
Info<< "Reading thermophysical properties\n" << endl;
autoPtr<rhoReactionThermo> pThermo(rhoReactionThermo::New(mesh));
rhoReactionThermo& thermo = pThermo();
#endif
thermo.validate(args.executable(), "h", "e");
basicSpecieMixture& composition = thermo.composition();
PtrList<volScalarField>& Y = composition.Y();
// read molecular weight
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 6
volScalarField W(composition.W());
#else
volScalarField W(thermo.W());
#endif
Switch propagateInertSpecie(true);
const word inertSpecie(thermo.lookup("inertSpecie"));
const scalar inertLowerBound(thermo.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("inertLowerBound",0.0));
const scalar inertUpperBound(thermo.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("inertUpperBound",1.0));
if (!composition.contains(inertSpecie))
{
FatalErrorIn(args.executable())
<< "Specified inert specie '" << inertSpecie << "' not found in "
<< "species list. Available species:" << composition.species()
<< exit(FatalError);
}
Info<< "inert will be bounded in [" << inertLowerBound << "," << inertUpperBound << "]" << endl;
volScalarField& p = thermo.p();
multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme<scalar>::fieldTable fields;
forAll(Y, i)
{
fields.add(Y[i]);
}
fields.add(thermo.he());
volScalarField rho
(
IOobject
(
"rho",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
thermo.rho()
);
// kinematic fields
Info<< "Reading field U\n" << endl;
volVectorField U
(
IOobject
(
"U",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
Info<< "\nReading voidfraction field voidfraction = (Vgas/Vparticle)\n" << endl;
volScalarField voidfraction
(
IOobject
(
"voidfraction",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
volScalarField rhoeps ("rhoeps", rho*voidfraction);
Info<< "\nCreating fluid-particle heat flux field\n" << endl;
volScalarField Qsource
(
IOobject
(
"Qsource",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-1,-3,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
Info<< "\nCreating fluid-particle heat flux coefficient field\n" << endl;
volScalarField QCoeff
(
IOobject
(
"QCoeff",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-1,-3,-1,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
Info<< "\nCreating thermal conductivity field\n" << endl;
volScalarField thCond
(
IOobject
(
"thCond",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,1,-3,-1,0,0,0), 0.0),
"zeroGradient"
);
Info<< "\nCreating heat capacity field\n" << endl;
volScalarField Cpv
(
IOobject
(
"Cpv",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(0,2,-2,-1,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
Info<< "Reading/calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phi
(
IOobject
(
"phi",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
linearInterpolate(rho*U*voidfraction) & mesh.Sf()
);
dimensionedScalar rhoMax
(
dimensionedScalar::lookupOrDefault
(
"rhoMax",
pimple.dict(),
dimDensity,
GREAT
)
);
dimensionedScalar rhoMin
(
dimensionedScalar::lookupOrDefault
(
"rhoMin",
pimple.dict(),
dimDensity,
0
)
);
Info<< "Creating turbulence model\n" << endl;
autoPtr<compressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
(
compressible::turbulenceModel::New
(
rho,
U,
phi,
thermo
)
);
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR >= 6
Info<< "Creating combustion model\n" << endl;
autoPtr<CombustionModel<rhoReactionThermo>> combustion
(
CombustionModel<rhoReactionThermo>::New(thermo, turbulence())
);
#endif
Info<< "Creating field dpdt\n" << endl;
volScalarField dpdt
(
IOobject
(
"dpdt",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("dpdt", p.dimensions()/dimTime, 0)
);
Info<< "Creating field kinetic energy K\n" << endl;
volScalarField K("K", 0.5*magSqr(U));
#if OPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR < 5
volScalarField dQ
(
IOobject
(
"dQ",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("dQ", dimEnergy/dimTime, 0.0)
);
#else
volScalarField Qdot
(
IOobject
(
"Qdot",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("Qdot", dimEnergy/dimVolume/dimTime, 0.0)
);
#endif
Info<< "\nReading momentum exchange field Ksl\n" << endl;
volScalarField Ksl
(
IOobject
(
"Ksl",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
//dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(1, -3, -1, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
Info<< "Reading particle velocity field Us\n" << endl;
volVectorField Us
(
IOobject
(
"Us",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
volScalarField molarConc
(
IOobject
(
"molarConc",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero",dimensionSet(0, -3, 0, 0, 1),0)
);
volScalarField dSauter
(
IOobject
(
"dSauter",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero",dimensionSet(0, 1, 0, 0, 0,0,0),0)
);
//===============================

27
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@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
{
volScalarField artMass = rhoeps;
scalar lowestValue(0.0);
label lVCell(-1);
forAll(Yi,cellI)
{
if(Yi[cellI] < 0.0)
{
artMass[cellI] *= Yi[cellI];
if(artMass[cellI] < lowestValue)
{
lowestValue=artMass[cellI];
lVCell = cellI;
}
}
else
{
artMass[cellI] *=0.0;
}
}
Info << "\nartificial mass of species " << Y[i].name() << " per time step: "<< fvc::domainIntegrate(artMass) << endl;
if(lVCell > -1)
{
Pout << Y[i].name() << ": time / lowest value " << runTime.timeName() << "\t" << lowestValue << "\n\tat cell " << lVCell << " with coordinates";
Pout << "\t" << mesh.C()[lVCell].component(0) << "\t" << mesh.C()[lVCell].component(1) << "\t" << mesh.C()[lVCell].component(2) << endl;
}
}

12
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@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
{
molarConc = 0.0 * molarConc;
forAll(Y, i)
{
volScalarField& Yi = Y[i];
dimensionedScalar mi("mi",dimensionSet(1, 0, 0, 0, -1),composition.W(i));
mi /= 1000.0; // g to kg
molarConc += rho * Yi / mi;
}
}
// ************************************************************************* //

7
applications/solvers/cfdemSolverRhoPimpleChem/monitorMass.H Normal file
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{
m=gSum(rhoeps*1.0*rhoeps.mesh().V());
if(counter==0) m0=m;
counter++;
Info << "\ncurrent gas mass = " << m << "\n" << endl;
Info << "\ncurrent added gas mass = " << m-m0 << "\n" << endl;
}

97
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rho = thermo.rho();
rho = max(rho, rhoMin);
rho = min(rho, rhoMax);
rho.relax();
volScalarField rAU(1.0/UEqn.A());
surfaceScalarField rhorAUf("rhorAUf", fvc::interpolate(rhoeps*rAU));
if (modelType=="A")
{
rhorAUf *= fvc::interpolate(voidfraction);
}
volVectorField HbyA(constrainHbyA(rAU*UEqn.H(), U, p));
surfaceScalarField phiUs("phiUs", fvc::interpolate(rhoeps*rAU*Ksl*Us)& mesh.Sf());
if (pimple.nCorrPISO() <= 1)
{
tUEqn.clear();
}
if (pimple.transonic())
{
// transonic version not implemented yet
}
else
{
surfaceScalarField phiHbyA
(
"phiHbyA",
(
fvc::flux(rhoeps*HbyA)
// + rhorAUf*fvc::ddtCorr(rho, U, phi)
)
);
// flux without pressure gradient contribution
phi = phiHbyA + phiUs;
// Update the pressure BCs to ensure flux consistency
constrainPressure(p, rhoeps, U, phi, rhorAUf);
volScalarField SmbyP(particleCloud.chemistryM(0).Sm() / p);
while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
{
// Pressure corrector
fvScalarMatrix pEqn
(
fvm::ddt(voidfraction, psi, p)
+ fvc::div(phi)
- fvm::laplacian(rhorAUf, p)
==
fvm::Sp(SmbyP, p)
+ fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
);
pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
{
phi += pEqn.flux();
}
}
}
#include "rhoEqn.H"
#include "compressibleContinuityErrsPU.H"
// Explicitly relax pressure for momentum corrector
p.relax();
// Recalculate density from the relaxed pressure
rho = thermo.rho();
rho = max(rho, rhoMin);
rho = min(rho, rhoMax);
rho.relax();
Info<< "rho max/min : " << max(rho).value()
<< " " << min(rho).value() << endl;
rhoeps = rho * voidfraction;
if (modelType=="A")
{
U = HbyA - rAU*(voidfraction*fvc::grad(p)-Ksl*Us);
}
else
{
U = HbyA - rAU*(fvc::grad(p)-Ksl*Us);
}
U.correctBoundaryConditions();
fvOptions.correct(U);
K = 0.5*magSqr(U);
if (thermo.dpdt())
{
dpdt = fvc::ddt(voidfraction,p);
}

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rho = thermo.rho();
rho = max(rho, rhoMin);
rho = min(rho, rhoMax);
rho.relax();
rhoeps = rho * voidfraction;
// Thermodynamic density needs to be updated by psi*d(p) after the
// pressure solution - done in 2 parts. Part 1:
thermo.rho() -= psi*p;
volScalarField rAU(1.0/UEqn.A());
surfaceScalarField rhorAUf("rhorAUf", fvc::interpolate(rhoeps*rAU));
if (modelType=="A")
{
rhorAUf *= fvc::interpolate(voidfraction);
}
volVectorField HbyA(constrainHbyA(rAU*UEqn.H(), U, p));
surfaceScalarField phiUs("phiUs", fvc::interpolate(rhoeps*rAU*Ksl*Us)& mesh.Sf());
if (pimple.nCorrPISO() <= 1)
{
tUEqn.clear();
}
if (pimple.transonic())
{
// transonic version not implemented yet
}
else
{
surfaceScalarField phiHbyA
(
"phiHbyA",
(
fvc::flux(rhoeps*HbyA)
// + rhorAUf*fvc::ddtCorr(rho, U, phi)
)
);
// flux without pressure gradient contribution
phi = phiHbyA + phiUs;
// Update the pressure BCs to ensure flux consistency
constrainPressure(p, rhoeps, U, phi, rhorAUf);
volScalarField SmbyP(particleCloud.chemistryM(0).Sm() / p);
while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
{
// Pressure corrector
fvScalarMatrix pEqn
(
// fvm::ddt(psi*voidfraction, p)
fvc::ddt(rhoeps) + psi*correction(fvm::ddt(voidfraction,p))
+ fvc::div(phi)
- fvm::laplacian(rhorAUf, p)
==
// particleCloud.chemistryM(0).Sm()
fvm::Sp(SmbyP, p)
+ fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
);
pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
{
phi += pEqn.flux();
}
}
}
#include "rhoEqn.H"
#include "compressibleContinuityErrsPU.H"
// Explicitly relax pressure for momentum corrector
p.relax();
// Second part of thermodynamic density update
thermo.rho() += psi*p;
// Recalculate density from the relaxed pressure
rho = thermo.rho();
rho = max(rho, rhoMin);
rho = min(rho, rhoMax);
rho.relax();
rhoeps = rho * voidfraction;
Info<< "rho max/min : " << max(rho).value()
<< " " << min(rho).value() << endl;
if (modelType=="A")
{
U = HbyA - rAU*(voidfraction*fvc::grad(p)-Ksl*Us);
}
else
{
U = HbyA - rAU*(fvc::grad(p)-Ksl*Us);
}
U.correctBoundaryConditions();
fvOptions.correct(U);
K = 0.5*magSqr(U);
if (thermo.dpdt())
{
dpdt = fvc::ddt(voidfraction,p);
}

18
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{
fvScalarMatrix rhoEqn
(
fvm::ddt(voidfraction,rho)
+ fvc::div(phi)
==
particleCloud.chemistryM(0).Sm()
+ fvOptions(rho)
);
fvOptions.constrain(rhoEqn);
rhoEqn.solve();
fvOptions.correct(rho);
}
// ************************************************************************* //

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rStatAnalysis.C
EXE=$(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/rStatAnalysis

27
applications/solvers/rStatAnalysis/Make/options Normal file
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include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
EXE_INC = \
-I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/recurrence/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/derived/cfdemCloudRec \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
-lrecurrence \
-lturbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

0
applications/solvers/rStatAnalysis/createFields.H Normal file
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62
applications/solvers/rStatAnalysis/rStatAnalysis.C Normal file
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
CFDEMcoupling academic - Open Source CFD-DEM coupling
Contributing authors:
Thomas Lichtenegger
Copyright (C) 2015- Johannes Kepler University, Linz
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of CFDEMcoupling academic.
CFDEMcoupling academic is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
CFDEMcoupling academic is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with CFDEMcoupling academic. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Application
rStatAnalysis
Description
Creates and analyzes a recurrence statistics
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "recBase.H"
#include "recStatAnalysis.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
#include "postProcess.H"
#include "setRootCase.H"
#include "createTime.H"
#include "createMesh.H"
#include "createControl.H"
recBase recurrenceBase(mesh);
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Info << "\nAnalyzing recurrence statistics\n" << endl;
recurrenceBase.recStatA().init();
recurrenceBase.recStatA().statistics();
Info << "End\n" << endl;
return 0;
}
// ************************************************************************* //

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rcfdemSolverBase.C
EXE=$(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/rcfdemSolverBase

28
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include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
EXE_INC = \
-I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/recurrence/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/derived/cfdemCloudRec \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
-lrecurrence \
-lturbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools \
-lfvOptions \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

193
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// dummy fields
Info << "\nCreating dummy pressure and density fields\n" << endl;
volScalarField p
(
IOobject
(
"p",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("p", dimensionSet(1, 2, -2, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
volScalarField rho
(
IOobject
(
"rho",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("rho", dimensionSet(1, -3, 0, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
// recurrence fields
Info << "\nCreating recurrence fields.\n" << endl;
volVectorField URec
(
IOobject
(
"URec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedVector("URec", dimensionSet(0, 1, -1, 0, 0), vector::zero)
);
Switch updateURec(false);
if (URec.headerOk())
{
updateURec = true;
URec.writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
}
volScalarField voidfractionRec
(
IOobject
(
"voidfractionRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("voidfractionRec", dimensionSet(0, 0, 0, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
Switch updateVoidfractionRec(false);
if (voidfractionRec.headerOk())
{
updateVoidfractionRec = true;
voidfractionRec.writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
}
volVectorField UsRec
(
IOobject
(
"UsRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedVector("URec", dimensionSet(0, 1, -1, 0, 0), vector::zero)
);
Switch updateUsRec(false);
if (UsRec.headerOk())
{
updateUsRec = true;
UsRec.writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
}
// calculated fields
Info << "\nCreating fields subject to calculation\n" << endl;
volScalarField voidfraction
(
IOobject
(
"voidfraction",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
voidfractionRec
);
volVectorField Us
(
IOobject
(
"Us",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
UsRec
);
// write fields for t=t_start
voidfraction.write();
Us.write();
//===============================
Info << "Calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phiRec
(
IOobject
(
"phiRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
linearInterpolate(URec*voidfractionRec) & mesh.Sf()
);
Switch updatePhiRec(false);
if (phiRec.headerOk())
{
updatePhiRec = true;
phiRec.writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
phiRec.write();
}
singlePhaseTransportModel laminarTransport(URec, phiRec);
autoPtr<incompressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
(
incompressible::turbulenceModel::New(URec, phiRec, laminarTransport)
);
IOdictionary recDict
(
IOobject
(
"recProperties",
runTime.constant(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
)
);
word voidfractionFieldName(recDict.lookupOrDefault<word>("voidfractionFieldName","voidfraction"));
word UFieldName(recDict.lookupOrDefault<word>("UFieldName","U"));
word UsFieldName(recDict.lookupOrDefault<word>("UsFieldName","Us"));
word fluxFieldName(recDict.lookupOrDefault<word>("fluxFieldName","phi"));
// place to put weight functions
IOdictionary weightDict
(
IOobject
(
"weightDict",
runTime.constant(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
)
);
if (!weightDict.headerOk())
{
weightDict.add("weights",scalarList(1,1.0));
}
scalarList weights(weightDict.lookup("weights"));
Info << "database initial weights: " << weights << endl;

119
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
CFDEMcoupling academic - Open Source CFD-DEM coupling
Contributing authors:
Thomas Lichtenegger, Gerhard Holzinger
Copyright (C) 2015- Johannes Kepler University, Linz
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of CFDEMcoupling academic.
CFDEMcoupling academic is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
CFDEMcoupling academic is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with CFDEMcoupling academic. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Application
cfdemSolverRecurrence
Description
Solves a transport equation for a passive scalar on a two-phase solution
Test-bed for a solver based on recurrence statistics
Rules
Solution data to compute the recurrence statistics from, needs to
reside in $CASE_ROOT/dataBase
Time step data in dataBase needs to be evenly spaced in time
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "fvCFD.H"
#include "singlePhaseTransportModel.H"
#include "turbulentTransportModel.H"
#include "fvOptions.H"
#include "cfdemCloudRec.H"
#include "recBase.H"
#include "recModel.H"
#include "recPath.H"
#include "cfdemCloud.H"
#include "clockModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
#include "postProcess.H"
#include "setRootCase.H"
#include "createTime.H"
#include "createMesh.H"
#include "createControl.H"
#include "createFields.H"
#include "readGravitationalAcceleration.H"
cfdemCloudRec<cfdemCloud> particleCloud(mesh);
recBase recurrenceBase(mesh);
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Info << "\nCalculating particle trajectories based on recurrence statistics\n" << endl;
label recTimeIndex = 0;
label stepCounter = 0;
label recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep = recurrenceBase.recM().recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep();
while (runTime.run())
{
runTime++;
// do stuff (every lagrangian time step)
particleCloud.clockM().start(1,"Global");
Info << "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().start(2,"Coupling");
particleCloud.evolve(voidfraction,Us,URec);
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Coupling");
stepCounter++;
if (stepCounter == recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep)
{
Info << "updating recurrence fields at time " << runTime.timeName() << "with recTimeIndex = " << recTimeIndex << nl << endl;
recurrenceBase.updateRecFields();
#include "updateFields.H"
recTimeIndex++;
stepCounter = 0;
recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep = recurrenceBase.recM().recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep();
}
particleCloud.clockM().start(27,"Output");
runTime.write();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Output");
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Global");
Info << "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"
<< " ClockTime = " << runTime.elapsedClockTime() << " s"
<< nl << endl;
}
Info << "End\n" << endl;
return 0;
}
// ************************************************************************* //

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scalarList wList(weightDict.lookupOrDefault("weights",scalarList(1,1.0)));
recurrenceBase.recP().updateIntervalWeights(wList);
if(recurrenceBase.recM().endOfPath())
{
recurrenceBase.extendPath();
}
// update fields where necessary
if (updateVoidfractionRec)
{
recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolScalarField(voidfractionFieldName,voidfractionRec);
}
if (updateURec)
{
recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolVectorField(UFieldName,URec);
}
if (updateUsRec)
{
recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolVectorField(UsFieldName,UsRec);
}
if (updatePhiRec)
{
recurrenceBase.recM().exportSurfaceScalarField(fluxFieldName,phiRec);
}

3
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverCoupledHeattransfer/Make/files Normal file
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rcfdemSolverCoupledHeattransfer.C
EXE=$(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/rcfdemSolverCoupledHeattransfer

28
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverCoupledHeattransfer/Make/options Normal file
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include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
EXE_INC = \
-I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/recurrence/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/derived/cfdemCloudRec \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
-lrecurrence \
-lturbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools \
-lfvOptions \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

36
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverCoupledHeattransfer/TEqImp.H Normal file
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volScalarField rhoeps = rhoRec*voidfractionRec;
particleCloud.energyContributions(Qsource);
particleCloud.energyCoefficients(QCoeff);
//K = 0.5*magSqr(URec);
addSource = fvc::div(phiRec/fvc::interpolate(rhoRec), pRec);
// main contribution due to gas expansion, not due to transport of kinetic energy
// fvc::ddt(rhoeps, K) + fvc::div(phiRec, K)
// assuming constant Cv such that e = Cv * T
fvScalarMatrix TEqn =
(
fvm::ddt(rhoeps, T)
+ fvm::div(phiRec, T)
+ addSource/Cv
- fvm::laplacian(voidfractionRec*thCond/Cv, T)
- Qsource/Cv
- fvm::Sp(QCoeff/Cv, T)
==
fvOptions(rhoeps, T) // no fvOptions support yet
);
fvOptions.constrain(TEqn); // no fvOptions support yet
TEqn.solve();
particleCloud.clockM().start(31,"postFlow");
counter++;
if((counter - couplingSubStep) % dtDEM2dtCFD == 0)
particleCloud.postFlow();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("postFlow");

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// dummy fields
Info << "\nCreating dummy pressure field\n" << endl;
volScalarField pRec
(
IOobject
(
"pRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-1,-2,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
// recurrence fields
Info << "\nCreating recurrence fields.\n" << endl;
volScalarField rhoRec
(
IOobject
(
"rhoRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1, -3, 0, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
volVectorField URec
(
IOobject
(
"URec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedVector("zero", dimensionSet(0, 1, -1, 0, 0), vector::zero)
);
volScalarField voidfractionRec
(
IOobject
(
"voidfractionRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(0,0,0,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
volVectorField UsRec
(
IOobject
(
"UsRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedVector("zero", dimensionSet(0, 1, -1, 0, 0), vector::zero)
);
// heat transfer fields
Info << "\nCreating heat transfer fields.\n" << endl;
volScalarField Qsource
(
IOobject
(
"Qsource",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-1,-3,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
volScalarField QCoeff
( IOobject
(
"QCoeff",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-1,-3,-1,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
volScalarField thCond
(
IOobject
(
"thCond",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,1,-3,-1,0,0,0), 0.0),
"zeroGradient"
);
volScalarField T
(
IOobject
(
"T",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
// calculated fields
Info << "\nCreating fields subject to calculation\n" << endl;
volScalarField voidfraction
(
IOobject
(
"voidfraction",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
voidfractionRec
);
volVectorField Us
(
IOobject
(
"Us",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
UsRec
);
// write fields for t=t_start
voidfraction.write();
Us.write();
//===============================
Info << "Calculating face flux field phiRec\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phiRec
(
IOobject
(
"phiRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,0,-1,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
phiRec.write();
Info << "Creating dummy turbulence model\n" << endl;
singlePhaseTransportModel laminarTransport(URec, phiRec);
autoPtr<incompressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
(
incompressible::turbulenceModel::New(URec, phiRec, laminarTransport)
);
const IOdictionary& transportProps = mesh.lookupObject<IOdictionary>("transportProperties");
dimensionedScalar molMass(transportProps.lookup("molM"));
// need to scale R down with 1e3 because return value of RR in g, not kg
dimensionedScalar R("R",dimensionSet(0,2,-2,-1,0,0,0),Foam::constant::thermodynamic::RR / (1e3*molMass.value()));
Info << "specific gas constant R = " << R << endl;
dimensionedScalar Cv(transportProps.lookup("Cv"));
volScalarField addSource
(
IOobject
(
"addSource",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("zero", dimensionSet(1,-1,-3,0,0,0,0), 0.0)
);
// place to put weight functions
IOdictionary weightDict
(
IOobject
(
"weightDict",
runTime.constant(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
)
);
weightDict.add("weights",scalarList(1,1.0));

135
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverCoupledHeattransfer/rcfdemSolverCoupledHeattransfer.C Normal file
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
CFDEMcoupling academic - Open Source CFD-DEM coupling
Contributing authors:
Thomas Lichtenegger
Copyright (C) 2015- Johannes Kepler University, Linz
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of CFDEMcoupling academic.
CFDEMcoupling academic is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
CFDEMcoupling academic is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with CFDEMcoupling academic. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Application
rcfdemSolverHeattransfer
Description
Solves heat transfer between fluid and particles based on rCFD
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "fvCFD.H"
#include "fvOptions.H"
#include "singlePhaseTransportModel.H"
#include "turbulentTransportModel.H"
#include "cfdemCloudRec.H"
#include "recBase.H"
#include "recModel.H"
#include "recPath.H"
#include "cfdemCloudEnergy.H"
#include "clockModel.H"
#include "thermCondModel.H"
#include "energyModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
#include "postProcess.H"
#include "setRootCase.H"
#include "createTime.H"
#include "createMesh.H"
#include "createControl.H"
#include "createFields.H"
#include "createFvOptions.H"
cfdemCloudRec<cfdemCloudEnergy> particleCloud(mesh);
recBase recurrenceBase(mesh);
#include "updateFields.H"
#include "updateRho.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Info << "\nCalculating particle trajectories based on recurrence statistics\n" << endl;
label recTimeIndex = 0;
label stepCounter = 0;
label recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep = recurrenceBase.recM().recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep();
// control coupling behavior in case of substepping
// assumes constant timestep size
label counter = 0;
label couplingSubStep = recurrenceBase.couplingSubStep();
double dtProp = particleCloud.dataExchangeM().couplingTime() / runTime.deltaTValue();
label dtDEM2dtCFD = int(dtProp + 0.5);
Info << "deltaT_DEM / deltaT_CFD = " << dtDEM2dtCFD << endl;
if (dtDEM2dtCFD > 1)
Info << "coupling at substep " << couplingSubStep << endl;
while (runTime.run())
{
runTime++;
// do stuff (every lagrangian time step)
particleCloud.clockM().start(1,"Global");
Info << "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().start(2,"Coupling");
particleCloud.evolve(voidfraction,Us,URec);
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Coupling");
particleCloud.clockM().start(26,"Flow");
#include "updateRho.H"
#include "TEqImp.H"
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Flow");
stepCounter++;
particleCloud.clockM().start(32,"ReadFields");
if (stepCounter == recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep)
{
recurrenceBase.updateRecFields();
#include "updateFields.H"
recTimeIndex++;
stepCounter = 0;
recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep = recurrenceBase.recM().recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep();
}
particleCloud.clockM().stop("ReadFields");
particleCloud.clockM().start(33,"Output");
runTime.write();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Output");
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Global");
Info << "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"
<< " ClockTime = " << runTime.elapsedClockTime() << " s"
<< nl << endl;
}
Info << "End\n" << endl;
return 0;
}
// ************************************************************************* //

38
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverCoupledHeattransfer/updateFields.H Normal file
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// get current weights for various databases
// A: triggered over current value of boundary field
// word boundaryName = "inlet";
// label myinlet = mesh.boundary().findPatchID(boundaryName);
// label startIndex = mesh.boundary()[boundaryName].start();
// B: explicitly define weights
scalarList wList(weightDict.lookupOrDefault("weights",scalarList(1,0.0)));
recurrenceBase.recP().updateIntervalWeights(wList);
// is it neccessary to extend recurrence path?
if(recurrenceBase.recM().endOfPath())
{
recurrenceBase.extendPath();
}
recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolScalarField("voidfraction",voidfractionRec);
recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolScalarField("p",pRec);
recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolVectorField("Us",UsRec);
recurrenceBase.recM().exportSurfaceScalarField("phi",phiRec);
Info << "current database weights: = " << wList << endl;
Info << "current database: " << recurrenceBase.recM().currDataBase() << endl;
for(int i=0;i<wList.size();i++)
{
scalar w = wList[i];
if (recurrenceBase.recM().currDataBase() == i) w -= 1.0;
phiRec += w*recurrenceBase.recM().exportSurfaceScalarFieldAve("phi",i)();
}
{
volScalarField& NuField(const_cast<volScalarField&>(mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField> ("NuField")));
recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolScalarField("NuField",NuField);
}

1
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverCoupledHeattransfer/updateRho.H Normal file
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rhoRec = pRec / (T * R);

3
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverForcedTracers/Make/files Normal file
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rcfdemSolverForcedTracers.C
EXE=$(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/rcfdemSolverForcedTracers

27
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverForcedTracers/Make/options Normal file
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include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
EXE_INC = \
-I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/recurrence/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/derived/cfdemCloudRec \
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
-lrecurrence \
-lturbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-lincompressibleTransportModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools \
-lfvOptions \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

113
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverForcedTracers/createFields.H Normal file
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// dummy fields
Info << "\nCreating dummy density field\n" << endl;
volScalarField rho
(
IOobject
(
"rho",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::NO_READ,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("rho", dimensionSet(1, -3, 0, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
// particle fields
Info << "\nCreating voidfraction and particle velocity fields\n" << endl;
volScalarField voidfraction
(
IOobject
(
"voidfraction",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
volVectorField Us
(
IOobject
(
"Us",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
// recurrence fields
Info << "\nCreating recurrence fields.\n" << endl;
volScalarField pRec
(
IOobject
(
"pRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("p", dimensionSet(1, 2, -2, 0, 0), 1.0)
);
volScalarField kRec
(
IOobject
(
"kRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::NO_WRITE
),
mesh,
dimensionedScalar("k", dimensionSet(0, 2, -2, 0, 0), 0.0)
);
volVectorField URec
(
IOobject
(
"URec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::MUST_READ,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
mesh
);
//===============================
Info << "Calculating face flux field phi\n" << endl;
surfaceScalarField phiRec
(
IOobject
(
"phiRec",
runTime.timeName(),
mesh,
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
),
linearInterpolate(URec*voidfraction) & mesh.Sf()
);
phiRec.write();
singlePhaseTransportModel laminarTransport(URec, phiRec);
autoPtr<incompressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
(
incompressible::turbulenceModel::New(URec, phiRec, laminarTransport)
);

114
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverForcedTracers/rcfdemSolverForcedTracers.C Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
CFDEMcoupling academic - Open Source CFD-DEM coupling
Contributing authors:
Thomas Lichtenegger
Copyright (C) 2015- Johannes Kepler University, Linz
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
This file is part of CFDEMcoupling academic.
CFDEMcoupling academic is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
CFDEMcoupling academic is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with CFDEMcoupling academic. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Application
rcfdemSolverForcedTracers
Description
Moves tracers according to the activated force models on pressure and velocity
fields provided by a recurrence process
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "fvCFD.H"
#include "singlePhaseTransportModel.H"
#include "turbulentTransportModel.H"
#include "fvOptions.H"
#include "recBase.H"
#include "recModel.H"
#include "cfdemCloud.H"
#include "clockModel.H"
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
#include "postProcess.H"
#include "setRootCase.H"
#include "createTime.H"
#include "createMesh.H"
#include "createControl.H"
#include "createFields.H"
cfdemCloud particleCloud(mesh);
recBase recurrenceBase(mesh);
const IOdictionary& recProps = mesh.lookupObject<IOdictionary>("recProperties");
bool useRecP(recProps.lookupOrDefault<bool>("useRecP",false));
bool useRecK(recProps.lookupOrDefault<bool>("useRecK",false));
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
Info << "\nCalculating particle trajectories based on recurrence statistics\n" << endl;
label recTimeIndex = 0;
label stepCounter = 0;
label recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep = recurrenceBase.recM().recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep();
while (runTime.run())
{
runTime++;
// do stuff (every lagrangian time step)
particleCloud.clockM().start(1,"Global");
Info << "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().start(2,"Coupling");
particleCloud.evolve(voidfraction,Us,URec);
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Coupling");
stepCounter++;
if (stepCounter == recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep)
{
recurrenceBase.updateRecFields();
#include "updateFields.H"
recTimeIndex++;
stepCounter = 0;
recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep = recurrenceBase.recM().recTimeStep2CFDTimeStep();
}
particleCloud.clockM().start(27,"Output");
runTime.write();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Output");
particleCloud.clockM().stop("Global");
Info << "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"
<< " ClockTime = " << runTime.elapsedClockTime() << " s"
<< nl << endl;
}
Info << "End\n" << endl;
return 0;
}
// ************************************************************************* //

13
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverForcedTracers/updateFields.H Normal file
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recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolVectorField("U",URec);
if (useRecP)
{
recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolScalarField("p",pRec);
}
if (useRecK)
{
recurrenceBase.recM().exportVolScalarField("k",kRec);
// in case database contains the velocity variance instead of k, do
// kRec *= 0.5;
}

68
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverRhoSteadyPimple/EEqn.H Normal file
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// contributions to internal energy equation can be found in
// Crowe et al.: "Multiphase flows with droplets and particles", CRC Press 1998
{
// dim he = J / kg
volScalarField& he = thermo.he();
particleCloud.energyContributions(Qsource);
particleCloud.energyCoefficients(QCoeff);
addSource =
(
he.name() == "e"
?
fvc::div(phi, K) +
fvc::div
(
fvc::absolute(phi/fvc::interpolate(rho), voidfractionRec*U),
p,
"div(phiv,p)"
)
: fvc::div(phi, K)
);
Cpv = he.name() == "e" ? thermo.Cv() : thermo.Cp();
// For implict T terms in the energy/enthalpy transport equation, use
// (he_n+1 - he_n) / (T_n+1 - T_n) = Cpv to eliminate T_n+1 with he_n+1.
// This formula is valid for ideal gases with e=e(T) and h=h(T). For
// incompressible fluids, e=e(T) holds, too, but enthalpy would need correction
// terms accounting for pressure variations.
fvScalarMatrix EEqn
(
fvm::div(phi, he)
+ addSource
- Qsource
- QCoeff*T
- fvm::Sp(QCoeff/Cpv, he)
+ QCoeff/Cpv*he
- fvc::laplacian(voidfractionRec*thCond,T)
- fvm::laplacian(voidfractionRec*thCond/Cpv,he)
+ fvc::laplacian(voidfractionRec*thCond/Cpv,he)
==
fvOptions(rho, he)
);
if (transientEEqn)
{
EEqn += fvm::ddt(rho,voidfractionRec,he);
}
EEqn.relax();
fvOptions.constrain(EEqn);
EEqn.solve();
fvOptions.correct(he);
thermo.correct();
Info<< "T max/min : " << max(T).value() << " " << min(T).value() << endl;
particleCloud.clockM().start(31,"energySolve");
particleCloud.solve();
particleCloud.clockM().stop("energySolve");
}

3
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverRhoSteadyPimple/Make/files Normal file
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rcfdemSolverRhoSteadyPimple.C
EXE=$(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/rcfdemSolverRhoSteadyPimple

37
applications/solvers/rcfdemSolverRhoSteadyPimple/Make/options Normal file
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include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR := $(word 1,$(subst ., ,$(WM_PROJECT_VERSION)))
PFLAGS+= -DOPENFOAM_VERSION_MAJOR=$(FOAM_VERSION_MAJOR)
PFLAGS+= -Dcompre
EXE_INC = \
$(PFLAGS) \
-I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/compressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/compressible/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/cfdTools \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
-I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/cfdTools \
-I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/recurrence/lnInclude \
-Wno-deprecated-copy
EXE_LIBS = \
-L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
-lrecurrence \
-lcompressibleTransportModels \
-lfluidThermophysicalModels \
-lspecie \
-lturbulenceModels \
-lcompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-lfiniteVolume \
-lmeshTools \
-lsampling \
-lfvOptions \
-l$(CFDEM_LIB_COMP_NAME) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
$(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

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