Merge pull request #130 from ParticulateFlow/feature/immersed_multisphere

close #127

applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIB/Make/options

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ EXE_INC = \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
     -I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
-    -I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicFvMesh/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/dynamicFvMesh/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/dynamicMesh/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/fvOptions/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
     -Wno-deprecated-copy
 
 EXE_LIBS = \
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ EXE_LIBS = \
     -ldynamicFvMesh \
     -ldynamicMesh \
     -lfvOptions \
+    -lsampling \
     -l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
      $(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
      $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)

applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIB/cfdemSolverIB.C

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@
                                 Christoph Goniva, christoph.goniva@cfdem.com
                                 Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
                                 Copyright (C) 2009-2012 JKU, Linz
-                                Copyright (C) 2012-     DCS Computing GmbH,Linz
+                                Copyright (C) 2012-2015 DCS Computing GmbH,Linz
+                                Copyright (C) 2015-     JKU, Linz
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of CFDEMcoupling.
@@ -29,11 +30,14 @@ Application
 
 Description
     Transient solver for incompressible flow.
-    The code is an evolution of the solver pisoFoam in OpenFOAM(R) 1.6, 
+    The code is an evolution of the solver pisoFoam in OpenFOAM(R) 1.6,
     where additional functionality for CFD-DEM coupling using immersed body
     (fictitious domain) method is added.
 Contributions
     Alice Hager
+    Daniel Queteschiner
+    Thomas Lichtenegger
+    Achuth N. Balachandran Nair
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
@@ -53,23 +57,21 @@ Contributions
 
 #include "cellSet.H"
 
+#include "fvOptions.H"  // added the fvOptions library
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+
     #include "setRootCase.H"
-
     #include "createTime.H"
-
     #include "createDynamicFvMesh.H"
-
     #include "createControl.H"
-
     #include "createTimeControls.H"
-
     #include "createFields.H"
-
     #include "initContinuityErrs.H"
+    #include "createFvOptions.H"
 
     // create cfdemCloud
     #include "readGravitationalAcceleration.H"
@@ -93,24 +95,31 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
         // do particle stuff
         Info << "- evolve()" << endl;
-        particleCloud.evolve();
+        particleCloud.evolve(Us);
 
         // Pressure-velocity PISO corrector
         {
+            MRF.correctBoundaryVelocity(U);
+
             // Momentum predictor
 
             fvVectorMatrix UEqn
             (
-                fvm::ddt(voidfraction,U)
+                fvm::ddt(voidfraction,U) + MRF.DDt(U)
               + fvm::div(phi, U)
               + turbulence->divDevReff(U)
+             ==
+                fvOptions(U)
             );
 
             UEqn.relax();
 
+            fvOptions.constrain(UEqn);
+
             if (piso.momentumPredictor())
             {
                 solve(UEqn == -fvc::grad(p));
+                fvOptions.correct(U);
             }
 
             // --- PISO loop
@@ -126,6 +135,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
                 adjustPhi(phi, U, p);
 
+
                 while (piso.correctNonOrthogonal())
                 {
                     // Pressure corrector
@@ -152,12 +162,15 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             }
         }
 
+        laminarTransport.correct();
         turbulence->correct();
 
         Info << "particleCloud.calcVelocityCorrection() " << endl;
         volScalarField voidfractionNext=mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>("voidfractionNext");
         particleCloud.calcVelocityCorrection(p,U,phiIB,voidfractionNext);
 
+        fvOptions.correct(U);
+
         runTime.write();
 
         Info<< "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"

applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIB/createFields.H

@@ -26,21 +26,6 @@
         ),
         mesh
     );
-    //mod by alice
-    Info<< "Reading physical velocity field U" << endl;
-    Info<< "Note: only if voidfraction at boundary is 1, U is superficial velocity!!!\n" << endl;
-    volVectorField Us
-    (
-        IOobject
-        (
-            "Us",
-            runTime.timeName(),
-            mesh,
-            IOobject::MUST_READ,
-            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-        ),
-        mesh
-    );
 
 //========================
 // drag law modelling
@@ -76,9 +61,8 @@
         mesh
     );
 
-
     //mod by alice
-    Info<< "Reading field phiIB\n" << endl;
+    Info<< "Reading field voidfraction\n" << endl;
     volScalarField voidfraction
     (
         IOobject
@@ -91,6 +75,21 @@
         ),
         mesh
     );
+
+    Info<< "Reading particle velocity field Us\n" << endl;
+    volVectorField Us
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Us",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
 //========================
 
 #   include "createPhi.H"
@@ -126,3 +125,5 @@
     );
 
 //===========================
+
+#include "createMRF.H"

applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/Make/files

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing.C
+
+EXE=$(CFDEM_APP_DIR)/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing

applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/Make/options

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+include $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS_DIR)/additionalLibs
+
+EXE_INC = \
+    -I$(CFDEM_OFVERSION_DIR) \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel \
+    -I$(CFDEM_SRC_DIR)/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicFvMesh/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/dynamicFvMesh/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicMesh/dynamicMesh/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/fvOptions/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
+    -Wno-deprecated-copy
+
+EXE_LIBS = \
+    -L$(CFDEM_LIB_DIR)\
+    -lturbulenceModels \
+    -lincompressibleTurbulenceModels \
+    -lincompressibleTransportModels \
+    -lfiniteVolume \
+    -lmeshTools \
+    -ldynamicFvMesh \
+    -ldynamicMesh \
+    -lfvOptions \
+    -lsampling \
+    -l$(CFDEM_LIB_NAME) \
+     $(CFDEM_ADD_LIB_PATHS) \
+     $(CFDEM_ADD_LIBS)
+

applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/UEqn.H

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+fvVectorMatrix UEqn
+(
+    fvm::ddt(voidfractionNext,U) + MRF.DDt(U)
+  + fvm::div(phi, U)
+  + turbulence->divDevReff(U)
+ ==
+    fvOptions(U)
+ +  (lambda*(1-voidfractionNext)/U.mesh().time().deltaT())*(fvc::Sp(1,Us)-fvm::Sp(1,U))
+);
+
+UEqn.relax();
+
+fvOptions.constrain(UEqn);
+
+if (piso.momentumPredictor())
+{
+    solve(UEqn == -fvc::grad(p));
+    fvOptions.correct(U);
+}

applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing.C

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+    CFDEMcoupling - Open Source CFD-DEM coupling
+
+    CFDEMcoupling is part of the CFDEMproject
+    www.cfdem.com
+                                Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+                                Copyright (C) 2009-2012 JKU, Linz
+                                Copyright (C) 2012-2015 DCS Computing GmbH,Linz
+                                Copyright (C) 2015-     JKU, Linz
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of CFDEMcoupling.
+
+    CFDEMcoupling is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    CFDEMcoupling is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with CFDEMcoupling.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Application
+    cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing
+
+Description
+    Transient solver for incompressible flow.
+    The code is an evolution of the solver pisoFoam in OpenFOAM(R) 1.6,
+    where additional functionality for CFD-DEM coupling using immersed body
+    (fictitious domain) method and a continuous forcing approach is added.
+Contributions
+    Alice Hager
+    Achuth N. Balachandran Nair
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+
+#include "fvCFD.H"
+#include "singlePhaseTransportModel.H"
+#include "turbulentTransportModel.H"
+#include "pisoControl.H"
+
+#include "cfdemCloudIB.H"
+#include "implicitCouple.H"
+
+#include "averagingModel.H"
+#include "regionModel.H"
+#include "voidFractionModel.H"
+
+#include "dynamicFvMesh.H"
+
+#include "cellSet.H"
+
+#include "fvOptions.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+
+    #include "setRootCase.H"
+    #include "createTime.H"
+    #include "createDynamicFvMesh.H"
+    #include "createControl.H"
+    #include "createTimeControls.H"
+    #include "createFields.H"
+    #include "initContinuityErrs.H"
+    #include "createFvOptions.H"
+
+    // create cfdemCloud
+    #include "readGravitationalAcceleration.H"
+    cfdemCloudIB particleCloud(mesh);
+
+    // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+    Info<< "\nStarting time loop\n" << endl;
+
+    while (runTime.loop())
+    {
+        Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
+
+        //=== dyM ===================
+        interFace = mag(mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>("voidfractionNext"));
+        mesh.update(); //dyM
+
+        #include "readTimeControls.H"
+        #include "CourantNo.H"
+        #include "setDeltaT.H"
+
+        // do particle stuff
+        Info << "- evolve()" << endl;
+        particleCloud.evolve(Us);
+
+        volScalarField voidfractionNext=mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>("voidfractionNext");
+
+        // Pressure-velocity PISO corrector
+        {
+            MRF.correctBoundaryVelocity(U);
+
+            // Momentum predictor
+            #include "UEqn.H"
+
+            // --- PISO loop
+            while (piso.correct())
+            {
+                #include "pEqn.H"
+            }
+        }
+
+        laminarTransport.correct();
+        turbulence->correct();
+
+        runTime.write();
+
+        Info<< "ExecutionTime = " << runTime.elapsedCpuTime() << " s"
+            << "  ClockTime = " << runTime.elapsedClockTime() << " s"
+            << nl << endl;
+    }
+
+    Info<< "End\n" << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/createFields.H

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+    Info<< "Reading field p\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField p
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "p",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    Info<< "Reading physical velocity field U" << endl;
+    Info<< "Note: only if voidfraction at boundary is 1, U is superficial velocity!!!\n" << endl;
+    volVectorField U
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "U",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    Info<< "Reading particle velocity field Us\n" << endl;
+    volVectorField Us
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Us",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    Info<< "Reading the penalization factor field lambda\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField lambda
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "lambda",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+//========================
+// drag law modelling
+//========================
+
+    Info<< "\nCreating dummy density field rho = 1\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField rho
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "rho",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh,
+        dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(1, -3, 0, 0, 0), 1.0)
+    );
+
+
+    Info<< "Reading field phiIB\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField phiIB
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "phiIB",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    //mod by alice
+    Info<< "Reading field voidfraction\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField voidfraction
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "voidfraction",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+//========================
+
+#   include "createPhi.H"
+
+    label pRefCell = 0;
+    scalar pRefValue = 0.0;
+    setRefCell(p, mesh.solutionDict().subDict("PISO"), pRefCell, pRefValue);
+
+
+    singlePhaseTransportModel laminarTransport(U, phi);
+
+    autoPtr<incompressible::turbulenceModel> turbulence
+    (
+        incompressible::turbulenceModel::New(U, phi, laminarTransport)
+    );
+
+//=== dyM ===================
+
+    Info<< "Reading field interFace\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField interFace
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "interFace",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh,
+        //dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(0, -1, 0, 0, 0), 0.0)
+        dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(0, 0, 0, 0, 0), 0.0)
+    );
+
+//===========================
+
+#include "createMRF.H"

applications/solvers/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/pEqn.H

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+volScalarField rUA = 1.0/UEqn.A();
+surfaceScalarField rUAf(fvc::interpolate(rUA));
+
+U = rUA*UEqn.H();
+
+phi = (fvc::interpolate(U) & mesh.Sf())
+    + rUAf*fvc::ddtCorr(U, phi);            // Is there additional flux term due to the particle presence?
+
+MRF.makeRelative(phi);
+
+adjustPhi(phi, U, p);
+
+while (piso.correctNonOrthogonal())
+{
+    // Pressure corrector
+
+    fvScalarMatrix pEqn
+    (
+        fvm::laplacian(rUA, p) == fvc::div(phi) + particleCloud.ddtVoidfraction()
+    );
+
+    pEqn.setReference(pRefCell, pRefValue);
+
+    pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(piso.finalInnerIter())));
+
+    if (piso.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
+    {
+        phi -= pEqn.flux();
+    }
+}
+
+#include "continuityErrs.H"
+U -= rUA*fvc::grad(p); // should we add a pressure correction?
+U.correctBoundaryConditions();
+fvOptions.correct(U);

doc/CFDEMcoupling_solvers.txt

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 This section lists all CFDEMcoupling solvers alphabetically.
 
 "cfdemSolverIB"_cfdemSolverIB.html,
+"cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing"_cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing.html,
 "cfdemSolverMultiphase"_cfdemSolverMultiphase.html,
 "cfdemSolverMultiphaseScalar"_cfdemSolverMultiphaseScalar.html,
 "cfdemSolverPiso"_cfdemSolverPiso.html,

doc/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+"CFDEMproject Website"_lws - "Main Page"_main :c
+
+:link(lws,http://www.cfdem.com)
+:link(main,CFDEMcoupling_Manual.html)
+
+:line
+
+cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing command :h3
+
+[Description:]
+
+"cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing" is a coupled CFD-DEM solver using CFDEMcoupling,
+an open-source parallel coupled CFD-DEM framework, for calculating the dynamics
+between immersed bodies and the surrounding fluid. Being an implementation of a
+continuous forcing immersed boundary method it allows tackling problems where
+the body diameter exceeds the maximal size of a fluid cell.
+
+<!-- HTML_ONLY -->
+Using the toolbox of OpenFOAM&reg;(*) the governing equations of the fluid are
+computed and the corrections of velocity and pressure field with respect to the
+body-movement information, gained from LIGGGHTS, are incorporated.
+<!-- END_HTML_ONLY -->
+
+<!-- RST
+
+Using the toolbox of OpenFOAM\ |reg|\ (*) the governing equations of the fluid are
+computed and the corrections of velocity and pressure field with respect to the
+body-movement information, gained from LIGGGHTS, are incorporated.
+
+.. |reg|    unicode:: U+000AE .. REGISTERED SIGN
+
+END_RST -->
+
+The code of this solver was contributed by A.N. Balachandran Nair, JKU. For more
+details, see "Balachandran Nair et al. (2021)"_#BalachandranNair2021
+
+[Use:]
+
+The solver is realized within the open-source framework CFDEMcoupling. Just as
+for the unresolved CFD-DEM solver cfdemSolverPiso the file
+CFD/constant/couplingProperties contains information about the settings for the
+different models. While IOmodel, DataExchangeModel etc. are applicable for all
+CFDEMcoupling-solvers, special locate-, force- and void fraction models were
+designed for this solver:
+
+"engineSearchIB"_locateModel_engineSearchIB.html,
+"ArchimedesIB"_forceModel_ArchimedesIB.html,
+"ShirgaonkarIB"_forceModel_ShirgaonkarIB.html,
+"IBVoidfraction"_voidFractionModel_IBVoidFraction.html
+
+:line
+
+:link(BalachandranNair2021)
+[(Balachandran Nair, 2021)] Balachandran Nair, A.N., Pirker, S. and Saeedipour, M.,
+"Resolved CFD-DEM simulation of blood flow with a reduced-order RBC model",
+Comp. Part. Mech. (2021)
+
+:line
+
+<!-- HTML_ONLY -->
+NOTE:
+(*) This offering is not approved or endorsed by OpenCFD Limited, producer and
+distributor of the OpenFOAM software via www.openfoam.com, and owner of the
+OPENFOAM&reg; and OpenCFD&reg; trade marks.
+OPENFOAM&reg; is a registered trade mark of OpenCFD Limited, producer and
+distributor of the OpenFOAM software via www.openfoam.com.
+<!-- END_HTML_ONLY -->
+
+<!-- RST
+
+.. note::
+
+   (*) This offering is not approved or endorsed by OpenCFD Limited, producer
+   and distributor of the OpenFOAM software via www.openfoam.com, and owner of
+   the OPENFOAM\ |reg| and OpenCFD\ |reg| trade marks.
+   OPENFOAM\ |reg| is a registered trade mark of OpenCFD Limited, producer and
+   distributor of the OpenFOAM software via www.openfoam.com.
+
+.. |reg|    unicode:: U+000AE .. REGISTERED SIGN
+
+END_RST -->
+

doc/forceModel_ShirgaonkarIB.txt

@@ -21,12 +21,14 @@ ShirgaonkarIBProps
     velFieldName      "U";
     pressureFieldName "pressure";
     twoDimensional;
+    useTorque;
     treatForceExplicit switch1;
 \} :pre
 
 {U} = name of the finite volume fluid velocity field :ulb,l
 {pressure} = name of the finite volume pressure field :l
 {twoDimensional} = optional keyword for conducting a two dimensional calculation :l
+{useTorque} =  optional keyword for calculating particle torque :l
 {switch1} = (optional, default false) sub model switch, see "forceSubModel"_forceSubModel.html for details :l
 :ule
 

etc/solver-list.txt

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ cfdemSolverPiso/dir
 cfdemSolverRhoPimple/dir
 cfdemSolverIB/dir
 cfdemSolverPisoScalar/dir
+cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/dir
 cfdemSolverRhoPimpleChem/dir
 cfdemSolverMultiphase/dir
 cfdemSolverMultiphaseScalar/dir

etc/tutorial-list.txt

@@ -19,3 +19,5 @@ cfdemSolverIB/twoSpheresGlowinskiMPI/dir
 cfdemSolverPisoScalar/packedBedTemp/dir
 
 cfdemSolverPiso/ErgunTestCG/dir
+
+cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/dir

src/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/derived/cfdemCloudIB/cfdemCloudIB.C

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ Description
 #include "locateModel.H"
 #include "dataExchangeModel.H"
 #include "IOModel.H"
-#include <mpi.h>
 #include "IOmanip.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -58,6 +57,7 @@ cfdemCloudIB::cfdemCloudIB
     angularVelocities_(NULL),
     pRefCell_(readLabel(mesh.solutionDict().subDict("PISO").lookup("pRefCell"))),
     pRefValue_(readScalar(mesh.solutionDict().subDict("PISO").lookup("pRefValue"))),
+    DEMTorques_(NULL),
     haveEvolvedOnce_(false),
     skipLagrangeToEulerMapping_(false)
 {
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ cfdemCloudIB::cfdemCloudIB
 cfdemCloudIB::~cfdemCloudIB()
 {
     dataExchangeM().destroy(angularVelocities_,3);
+    dataExchangeM().destroy(DEMTorques_,3);
 }
 
 
@@ -82,8 +83,7 @@ cfdemCloudIB::~cfdemCloudIB()
 void cfdemCloudIB::getDEMdata()
 {
     cfdemCloud::getDEMdata();
-    Info << "=== cfdemCloudIB::getDEMdata() === particle rotation not considered in CFD" << endl;
+    dataExchangeM().getData("omega","vector-atom",angularVelocities_);
-    //dataExchangeM().getData("omega","vector-atom",angularVelocities_);
 }
 
 bool cfdemCloudIB::reAllocArrays()
@@ -92,12 +92,24 @@ bool cfdemCloudIB::reAllocArrays()
     {
         // get arrays of new length
         dataExchangeM().allocateArray(angularVelocities_,0.,3);
+        dataExchangeM().allocateArray(DEMTorques_,0.,3);
         return true;
     }
     return false;
 }
 
-bool cfdemCloudIB::evolve()
+void cfdemCloudIB::giveDEMdata()
+{
+    cfdemCloud::giveDEMdata();
+    dataExchangeM().giveData("hdtorque","vector-atom",DEMTorques_);
+}
+
+inline double ** cfdemCloudIB::DEMTorques() const
+{
+    return DEMTorques_;
+}
+
+bool cfdemCloudIB::evolve(volVectorField& Us)
 {
     numberOfParticlesChanged_ = false;
     arraysReallocated_=false;
@@ -140,6 +152,10 @@ bool cfdemCloudIB::evolve()
         for (int i=0;i<nrForceModels();i++) forceM(i).setForce();
         if(verbose_) Info << "setForce done." << endl;
 
+        // set particle velocity field
+        if(verbose_) Info << "- setVelocity(velocities_)" << endl;
+        calcForcingTerm(Us); // only needed for continuous forcing
+
         // write DEM data
         if(verbose_) Info << " -giveDEMdata()" << endl;
         giveDEMdata();
@@ -158,6 +174,34 @@ bool cfdemCloudIB::evolve()
     return doCouple;
 }
 
+void cfdemCloudIB::calcForcingTerm(volVectorField& Us)
+{
+    label cell = 0;
+    vector uP(0,0,0);
+    vector rVec(0,0,0);
+    vector velRot(0,0,0);
+    vector angVel(0,0,0);
+    Us.primitiveFieldRef() = vector::zero;
+    for (int index = 0; index < numberOfParticles(); ++index)
+    {
+        for (int subCell = 0; subCell < voidFractionM().cellsPerParticle()[index][0]; subCell++)
+        {
+            cell = cellIDs()[index][subCell];
+
+            if (cell >=0)
+            {
+                // calc particle velocity
+                for (int i=0;i<3;i++) rVec[i]=Us.mesh().C()[cell][i]-position(index)[i];
+                for (int i=0;i<3;i++) angVel[i]=angularVelocities()[index][i];
+                velRot=angVel^rVec;
+                for (int i=0;i<3;i++) uP[i] = velocities()[index][i]+velRot[i];
+                Us[cell] = (1-voidfractions_[index][subCell])*uP;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Us.correctBoundaryConditions();
+}
+
 void cfdemCloudIB::calcVelocityCorrection
 (
     volScalarField& p,
@@ -190,7 +234,7 @@ void cfdemCloudIB::calcVelocityCorrection
                     for(int i=0;i<3;i++) uParticle[i] = velocities()[index][i]+velRot[i];
 
                     // impose field velocity
-                    U[cellI]=(1-voidfractions_[index][subCell])*uParticle+voidfractions_[index][subCell]*U[cellI];
+                    U[cellI]= (1-voidfractions_[index][subCell])*uParticle+voidfractions_[index][subCell]*U[cellI];
                 }
             }
         //}
@@ -213,7 +257,7 @@ void cfdemCloudIB::calcVelocityCorrection
     U.correctBoundaryConditions();
 
     // correct the pressure as well
-    p=p+phiIB/U.mesh().time().deltaT();  // do we have to  account for rho here?
+    p=p+phiIB/U.mesh().time().deltaT();  // no need to account for rho since p=(p/rho) in OF
     p.correctBoundaryConditions();
 
     if (couplingProperties_.found("checkinterface"))

src/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/derived/cfdemCloudIB/cfdemCloudIB.H

@@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ protected:
     label pRefCell_;
     scalar pRefValue_;
 
+    double **DEMTorques_;
+
     bool haveEvolvedOnce_;
     bool skipLagrangeToEulerMapping_;
 
@@ -85,7 +87,13 @@ public:
 
         bool reAllocArrays();
 
-        bool evolve();
+        void giveDEMdata();
+
+        inline double ** DEMTorques() const;
+
+        bool evolve(volVectorField&);
+
+        void calcForcingTerm(volVectorField&);
 
         void calcVelocityCorrection(volScalarField&,volVectorField&,volScalarField&,volScalarField&); // this could be moved to an IB mom couple model
 
@@ -96,7 +104,6 @@ public:
         {
             return angularVelocities_;
         }
-
 };
 
 

src/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/subModels/forceModel/ShirgaonkarIB/ShirgaonkarIB.C

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
     www.cfdem.com
                                 Christoph Goniva, christoph.goniva@cfdem.com
                                 Copyright 2009-2012 JKU Linz
-                                Copyright 2012-     DCS Computing GmbH, Linz
+                                Copyright 2012-2015 DCS Computing GmbH, Linz
+                                Copyright 2015-     JKU Linz
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of CFDEMcoupling.
@@ -66,10 +67,14 @@ ShirgaonkarIB::ShirgaonkarIB
     verbose_(propsDict_.found("verbose")),
     twoDimensional_(propsDict_.found("twoDimensional")),
     depth_(1),
+    multisphere_(propsDict_.found("multisphere")), //  drag for a multisphere particle
+    useTorque_(propsDict_.found("useTorque")),
     velFieldName_(propsDict_.lookup("velFieldName")),
     U_(sm.mesh().lookupObject<volVectorField> (velFieldName_)),
     pressureFieldName_(propsDict_.lookup("pressureFieldName")),
-    p_(sm.mesh().lookupObject<volScalarField> (pressureFieldName_))
+    p_(sm.mesh().lookupObject<volScalarField> (pressureFieldName_)),
+    solidVolFractionName_(multisphere_?propsDict_.lookup("solidVolFractionName"):word::null),
+    lambda_(multisphere_?sm.mesh().lookupObject<volScalarField>(solidVolFractionName_):volScalarField::null())
 {
     //Append the field names to be probed
     particleCloud_.probeM().initialize(typeName, typeName+".logDat");
@@ -109,6 +114,7 @@ void ShirgaonkarIB::setForce() const
 
     label cellI;
     vector drag;
+    vector torque;
 
     volVectorField h=forceSubM(0).IBDragPerV(U_,p_);
 
@@ -119,6 +125,7 @@ void ShirgaonkarIB::setForce() const
         //if(mask[index][0])
         //{
             drag=vector::zero;
+            torque=vector::zero;
 
             for(int subCell=0;subCell<particleCloud_.voidFractionM().cellsPerParticle()[index][0];subCell++)
             {
@@ -128,6 +135,12 @@ void ShirgaonkarIB::setForce() const
                 if (cellI > -1) // particle Found
                 {
                     drag += h[cellI]*h.mesh().V()[cellI];
+                    if(useTorque_)
+                    {
+                        vector rc = particleCloud_.mesh().C()[cellI];
+                        vector positionCenter = particleCloud_.position(index);
+                        torque += (rc - positionCenter)^h[cellI]*h.mesh().V()[cellI];
+                    }
                 }
 
             }
@@ -150,10 +163,38 @@ void ShirgaonkarIB::setForce() const
                               << ","            << particleCloud_.impForces()[index][1]
                               << ","            << particleCloud_.impForces()[index][2]
                               << endl;
+
+            if(useTorque_)
+            {
+                for(int j=0;j<3;j++) particleCloud_.DEMTorques()[index][j] = torque[j]; // Adding to the particle torque;
+                if(verbose_) Info << "DEMTorques = " << particleCloud_.DEMTorques()[index][0] << "," << particleCloud_.DEMTorques()[index][1] << "," << particleCloud_.DEMTorques()[index][2] << endl;
+            }
         //}
     }
+
+    // Calculate the force if the particle is multisphere template
+    if(multisphere_) calcForce();
 }
 
+void ShirgaonkarIB::calcForce() const
+{
+    vector dragMS;
+
+    volVectorField h=forceSubM(0).IBDragPerV(U_,p_);
+
+    dragMS = vector::zero;
+
+    forAll(lambda_,cellI)
+    {
+        if(lambda_[cellI] > 0) dragMS += h[cellI]*h.mesh().V()[cellI];
+        else dragMS = dragMS;
+    }
+
+    Pout << "Drag force on particle clump = " << dragMS[0] << ", " << dragMS[1] << ", " << dragMS[2] << endl;
+}
+
+
+
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 

src/lagrangian/cfdemParticle/subModels/forceModel/ShirgaonkarIB/ShirgaonkarIB.H

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
     www.cfdem.com
                                 Christoph Goniva, christoph.goniva@cfdem.com
                                 Copyright 2009-2012 JKU Linz
-                                Copyright 2012-     DCS Computing GmbH, Linz
+                                Copyright 2012-2015 DCS Computing GmbH, Linz
+                                Copyright 2015-     JKU Linz
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of CFDEMcoupling.
@@ -66,6 +67,10 @@ private:
 
     bool depth_;
 
+    const bool multisphere_;
+
+    const bool useTorque_;
+
     word velFieldName_;
 
     const volVectorField& U_;
@@ -74,6 +79,12 @@ private:
 
     const volScalarField& p_;
 
+    word solidVolFractionName_;
+
+    const volScalarField& lambda_;
+
+    void calcForce() const;
+
 public:
 
     //- Runtime type information

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/Allclean.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Allclean script for falling sphere test case
+# clean CFD and DEM part
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- source environment variables
+. ~/.bashrc
+
+#- source CFDEM functions
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+
+#- clean up case
+echo "deleting data at: $casePath"
+source $WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/tools/CleanFunctions
+cd $casePath/CFD
+cleanCase
+rm -r $casePath/CFD/clockData
+rm $casePath/DEM/post/*.*
+#- preserve post directory
+touch $casePath/DEM/post/.gitignore
+echo "done"
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/Allrun.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# allrun script for falling sphere testcase
+# run falling_sphere_two_way_coupling
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - Oct. 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+
+echo $casePath
+
+# check if mesh was built
+if [ -f "$casePath/CFD/constant/polyMesh/points" ]; then
+    echo "mesh was built before - using old mesh"
+else
+    echo "mesh needs to be built"
+    cd CFD/
+    blockMesh
+fi
+
+#- run parallel CFD-DEM
+bash $casePath/parCFDDEMrun.sh

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/0/U

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volVectorField;
+    object      U;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform (0 0 0);
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           $internalField;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           $internalField;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/0/Us

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volVectorField;
+    location    "0";
+    object      Us;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform (0 0 0);
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    frontAndBack
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/0/p

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      p;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 2 -2 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 0;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           $internalField;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           $internalField;
+    }
+
+    frontAndBack
+    {
+        type            empty;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/0/phiIB

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      phiIB;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 0;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           uniform 0;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           uniform 0;
+    }
+
+    frontAndBack
+    {
+        type            empty;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/0/rho

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      rho;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [1 -3 0 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 1;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/0/voidfraction

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      voidfraction;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 1;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    frontAndBack
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/constant/couplingProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      couplingProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// sub-models & settings
+
+modelType none;
+
+checkPeriodicCells;
+
+verbose;
+
+couplingInterval 10;
+
+depth 0;
+
+voidFractionModel IB;
+
+locateModel engineIB;
+
+meshMotionModel noMeshMotion;
+
+regionModel allRegion;
+
+dataExchangeModel twoWayMPI;
+
+IOModel basicIO;
+
+probeModel off;
+
+averagingModel dilute;
+
+clockModel off;
+
+smoothingModel off;
+
+forceModels
+(
+    ShirgaonkarIB
+    ArchimedesIB
+);
+
+momCoupleModels
+(
+);
+
+turbulenceModelType "turbulenceProperties";
+
+// sub-model properties
+
+ShirgaonkarIBProps
+{
+    velFieldName "U";
+    pressureFieldName "p";
+    densityFieldName "rho";
+    verbose;
+    useTorque;
+}
+
+ArchimedesIBProps
+{
+    densityFieldName "rho";
+    gravityFieldName "g";
+    voidfractionFieldName "voidfractionNext";
+}
+
+twoWayMPIProps
+{
+    liggghtsPath "../DEM/in.liggghts_run";
+}
+
+IBProps
+{
+    maxCellsPerParticle 20000;
+    alphaMin 0.30;
+    scaleUpVol 1.0;
+}
+
+engineIBProps
+{
+    engineProps
+    {
+        treeSearch false;
+    }
+    zSplit 8;
+    xySplit 16;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/constant/dynamicMeshDict

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      dynamicMeshDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dynamicFvMesh       staticFvMesh;
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/constant/g

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       uniformDimensionedVectorField;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      g;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -2 0 0 0 0];
+value           (0 -9.81 0);
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/constant/liggghtsCommands

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      liggghtsCommands;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+liggghtsCommandModels
+(
+   runLiggghts
+);
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/constant/transportProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      transportProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+
+transportModel  Newtonian;
+
+// Fluid properties of  plasma // dextran
+nu              nu [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 5e-06;
+
+CrossPowerLawCoeffs
+{
+    nu0             nu0 [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    nuInf           nuInf [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    m               m [ 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ] 1;
+    n               n [ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1;
+}
+
+BirdCarreauCoeffs
+{
+    nu0             nu0 [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    nuInf           nuInf [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    k               k [ 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ] 0;
+    n               n [ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/constant/turbulenceProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      turbulenceProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+simulationType  laminar;
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/octave/plot_data.m

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+clear all;
+clc;
+
+%% Script to plot the angular velocities and the particle positions
+
+A = importdata('../../DEM/post/angular_velocity_no_coupling.txt',' ',1);
+B = importdata('../../DEM/post/position_no_coupling.txt',' ',1);
+C = importdata('../../DEM/post/angular_velocity.txt',' ',1);
+D = importdata('../../DEM/post/position.txt',' ',1);
+
+pos1 = B.data();
+omega1 = A.data();
+pos2 = D.data();
+omega2 = C.data();
+
+time = omega1(:,1);
+omegax1 = omega1(:,2);
+omegay1 = omega1(:,3);
+omegaz1 = omega1(:,4);
+
+time2 = omega2(:,1);
+omegax2 = omega2(:,2);
+omegay2 = omega2(:,3);
+omegaz2 = omega2(:,4);
+
+figure
+plot(time,omegaz1,'-.-',time2,omegaz2,'Linewidth',1.5)
+xlabel('Time (s)')
+ylabel('Angular velocity (1/s)')
+legend('One-way coupling','Two-way coupling')
+axis([0 0.5 0 11])
+set(gca,'FontSize',12)
+print('angular_velocity_compare.eps')

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/system/blockMeshDict

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      blockMeshDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+convertToMeters 1;
+
+vertices
+(
+    (0 0 0)
+    (0.025 0 0)
+    (0.025 0.1 0)
+    (0 0.1 0)
+    (0 0 0.025)
+    (0.025 0 0.025)
+    (0.025 0.1 0.025)
+    (0 0.1 0.025)
+);
+
+blocks          
+(
+    hex (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7) (20 80 20) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+);
+
+edges           
+(
+);
+
+boundary        
+(
+    inlet 
+    {
+        type            wall;
+        faces
+        (
+            (0 3 2 1)
+        );
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            wall;
+        faces
+        (
+            (2 6 5 1)
+            (0 4 7 3)
+            (3 7 6 2)
+            (1 5 4 0)
+        );
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            wall;
+        faces
+        (
+            (4 5 6 7)
+        );
+    }
+);
+
+mergePatchPairs 
+(
+);
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/system/controlDict

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      controlDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+application     cfdemSolverIB;
+
+startFrom       startTime;
+
+startTime       0;
+
+stopAt          endTime;
+
+endTime         0.5;
+
+deltaT          0.0005;
+
+writeControl    adjustableRunTime;
+
+writeInterval   0.005;
+
+purgeWrite      0;
+
+writeFormat     ascii;
+
+writePrecision  6;
+
+writeCompression uncompressed;
+
+timeFormat      general;
+
+timePrecision   6;
+
+runTimeModifiable off;
+
+adjustTimeStep  no;
+
+maxCo           0.6;
+
+maxDeltaT       1;
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/system/decomposeParDict

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    note        "mesh decomposition control dictionary";
+    location    "system";
+    object      decomposeParDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+numberOfSubdomains  4;
+
+//- Keep owner and neighbour on same processor for faces in zones:
+// preserveFaceZones (heater solid1 solid3);
+
+ method          simple;
+
+simpleCoeffs
+{
+    n           (1 1 4);
+    delta       0.001;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/system/fvOptions

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      fvOptions;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+ 
+momentumSource
+{
+    type            meanVelocityForce;
+    active          yes;
+ 
+    meanVelocityForceCoeffs
+    {
+        selectionMode   all;
+ 
+        fields          (U);
+        Ubar            (0.01 0 0);
+        relaxation      0.2;
+    }
+}
+ 
+ 
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/system/fvSchemes

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      fvSchemes;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+ddtSchemes
+{
+    default         Euler;
+}
+
+gradSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss linear;
+    grad(p)         Gauss linear;
+    grad(U)         Gauss linear;
+}
+
+divSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss linear;
+    div(phi,U)      Gauss limitedLinearV 1;
+    div(phi,k)      Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div(phi,epsilon) Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div(phi,R)      Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div(R)          Gauss linear;
+    div(phi,nuTilda) Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div((nuEff*dev(grad(U).T()))) Gauss linear;
+    div(U)          Gauss linear;
+}
+
+laplacianSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(nuEff,U) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian((1|A(U)),p) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian((voidfraction2|A(U)),p) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DkEff,k) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DepsilonEff,epsilon) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DREff,R) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DnuTildaEff,nuTilda) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(phiIB) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(U) Gauss linear corrected;
+}
+
+interpolationSchemes
+{
+    default         linear;
+    interpolate(U)  linear;
+}
+
+snGradSchemes
+{
+    default         corrected;
+}
+
+fluxRequired
+{
+    default         no;
+    p               ;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/CFD/system/fvSolution

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      fvSolution;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+solvers
+{
+    p
+    {
+        solver          PCG;
+        preconditioner  DIC;
+        tolerance       1e-06;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    pFinal
+    {
+        solver          PCG;
+        preconditioner  DIC;
+        tolerance       1e-06;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    U
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    k
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    epsilon
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    R
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    nuTilda
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    phiIB
+    {
+        solver          PCG;
+        preconditioner  DIC;
+        tolerance       1e-06;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    "(U|k)Final"
+    {
+        $U;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+}
+
+PISO
+{
+    nCorrectors     4;
+    nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;
+    pRefCell        0;
+    pRefValue       0;
+}
+
+PIMPLE
+{
+    nOuterCorrectors 3;
+    nCorrectors     2;
+    nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;
+    pRefCell        0;
+    pRefValue       0;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/DEM/in.liggghts_run

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+
+log         ../DEM/log.liggghts
+thermo_log  ../DEM/post/thermo.txt
+
+variable    deltat equal 5e-05
+
+atom_style  sphere
+atom_modify map array sort 0 0
+boundary    m m m
+newton      off
+
+communicate single vel yes
+processors  1 4 1
+
+units       si
+
+region      reg block 0 0.025 0 0.1 0 0.025  units box
+create_box  1 reg
+
+neighbor    0.1 bin
+neigh_modify delay 0 binsize 0.01
+
+# material properties required for granular pair styles
+fix m1 all property/global youngsModulus peratomtype 5e05
+fix m2 all property/global poissonsRatio peratomtype 0.45
+fix m3 all property/global coefficientRestitution peratomtypepair 1 0.3
+fix m4 all property/global coefficientFriction peratomtypepair 1 0.5
+
+# pair style
+pair_style  gran model hertz tangential history
+pair_coeff  * *
+
+timestep    ${deltat}
+
+fix gravi all gravity 9.81 vector 0.0 -1.0 0.0
+
+# walls
+fix xwall1 all wall/gran model hertz tangential history primitive type 1  xplane 0.0
+fix xwall2 all wall/gran model hertz tangential history primitive type 1  xplane 0.025
+fix zwall1 all wall/gran model hertz tangential history primitive type 1  zplane 0.0
+fix zwall2 all wall/gran model hertz tangential history primitive type 1  zplane 0.025
+fix ywall1 all wall/gran model hertz tangential history primitive type 1  yplane 0.0
+fix ywall2 all wall/gran model hertz tangential history primitive type 1  yplane 0.1
+
+# cfd coupling
+fix cfd  all couple/cfd couple_every 10 mpi
+fix cfd2 all couple/cfd/force
+
+# create atom
+create_atoms 1 single 0.0125 0.075 0.0125 units box
+set atom 1 diameter 0.01 density 1.1 vx 0 vy 0 vz 0 omegaz 10
+
+
+# getting the angular velocities to print out
+variable omega1 equal omegax[1]
+variable omega2 equal omegay[1]
+variable omega3 equal omegaz[1]
+
+# getting the particle position to print out
+variable x1 equal x[1]
+variable y1 equal y[1]
+variable z1 equal z[1]
+
+variable time equal step*dt
+
+fix extra1 all print 10 "${time} ${x1} ${y1} ${z1}" file ../DEM/post/position.txt screen no
+fix extra2 all print 10 "${time} ${omega1} ${omega2} ${omega3}" file ../DEM/post/angular_velocity.txt screen no
+
+# integrator
+fix integr all nve/sphere
+
+# screen output
+compute         rke all erotate/sphere
+thermo_style    custom step atoms ke c_rke vol
+thermo          1000
+thermo_modify   lost ignore norm no
+compute_modify  thermo_temp dynamic no extra 0
+
+# insert the first particles so that dump is not empty
+dump dmp1 all custom 100 ../DEM/post/dump.liggghts_run id type x y z vx vy vz &
+     omegax omegay omegaz radius fx fy fz
+
+#force : f_couple_cfd[0] f_couple_cfd[1] f_couple_cfd[2]
+#node : f_couple_cfd[6]
+#cell id : f_couple_cfd[7]
+
+run     1
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/parCFDDEMrun.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# parCFDDEMrun script for falling sphere testcase
+# run falling_sphere_two_way_coupling
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - Oct. 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- source CFDEM env vars
+. ~/.bashrc
+
+#- include functions
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+logpath=$casePath
+headerText="run_parallel_CFDEMIB_two_way_coupling"
+logfileName="log_$headerText"
+solverName="cfdemSolverIB"
+nrProcs="4"
+machineFileName="none"   # yourMachinefileName | none
+debugMode="off"          # on | off| strict
+testHarnessPath="$CFDEM_TEST_HARNESS_PATH"
+runOctave="false"
+postproc="false"
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- call function to run a parallel CFD-DEM case
+parCFDDEMrun $logpath $logfileName $casePath $headerText $solverName $nrProcs $machineFileName $debugMode
+
+if [ $runOctave == "true" ]
+  then
+
+    cd $casePath/CFD/octave
+    octave plot_data.m
+    evince angular_velocity_compare.eps
+fi
+
+if [ $postproc == "true" ]
+  then
+    #- get VTK data from liggghts dump file
+    cd $casePath/DEM/post
+    lpp dump*
+
+    #- get VTK data from CFD sim
+    cd $casePath/CFD
+    reconstructParMesh -constant -mergeTol 1e-06
+    reconstructPar -noLagrangian
+    foamToVTK
+
+    #- start paraview
+    paraview
+
+    #- keep terminal open (if started in new terminal)
+    echo "...press enter to clean up case"
+    echo "press Ctr+C to keep data"
+    read
+fi
+
+#- copy log file to test harness
+cp $casePath/$logfileName $testHarnessPath
+
+#- clean up case
+echo "deleting data at: $casePath"
+source $WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/tools/CleanFunctions
+cd $casePath/CFD
+cleanCase
+rm -r $casePath/CFD/clockData
+rm $casePath/DEM/post/*.*
+#- preserve post directory
+touch $casePath/DEM/post/.gitignore
+echo "done"
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIB/falling_sphere_two_way_coupling/post.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+#===================================================================#
+# post run script for testcase
+# postprocess falling_sphere_two_way_coupling
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - Oct. 2018
+#===================================================================#
+
+#- source CFDEM env vars
+. ~/.bashrc
+
+#- include functions
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
+
+#- get VTK data from liggghts dump file
+cd $casePath/DEM/post
+lpp dump*
+
+#- get VTK data from CFD sim
+cd $casePath/CFD
+reconstructParMesh -constant -mergeTol 1e-06
+reconstructPar -noLagrangian
+foamToVTK
+
+#- start paraview
+paraview
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/Allclean.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Allclean script for redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow test case
+# clean up redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- source CFDEM env vars
+. ~/.bashrc
+
+#- source CFDEM functions
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- clean up case
+echo "deleting data at: $casePath"
+source $WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/tools/CleanFunctions
+cd $casePath/CFD
+cleanTimeDirectories
+rm -rf processor* > /dev/null 2>&1
+rm -rf clockData > /dev/null 2>&1
+echo "Cleaning $casePath/DEM/post"
+rm $casePath/DEM/post/*.*  > /dev/null 2>&1
+#rm -r $casePath/DEM/post/restart/*.*
+#touch $casePath/DEM/post/restart/.gitignore
+echo "done"
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/Allrun.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Allrun script for redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow test case
+# run redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+
+# check if mesh was built
+if [ -f "$casePath/CFD/constant/polyMesh/points" ]; then
+    echo "mesh was built before - using old mesh"
+else
+    echo "mesh needs to be built"
+    cd $casePath/CFD
+    blockMesh
+fi
+
+if [ -f "$casePath/DEM/post/restart/liggghts.restart" ];  then
+    echo "LIGGGHTS init was run before - using existing restart file"
+else
+    #- run serial DEM
+    $casePath/DEMrun.sh
+fi
+
+#- run parallel CFD-DEM
+bash $casePath/parCFDDEMrun.sh

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/0/U

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volVectorField;
+    object      U;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform (0 0 0); // velocity in micrometres per second
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            noSlip;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/0/Us

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volVectorField;
+    location    "0";
+    object      Us;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform (0 0 0);
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+        value           uniform (0 0 0);
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+        value           uniform (0 0 0);
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            noSlip;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/0/lambda

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      lambda;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 10; // Value to be determined based on CFD time-step.
+// The ratio between lambda/dt > 1 at all times to achieve proper forcing of the momentum equation.
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/0/p

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      p;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 2 -2 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 0;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/0/phiIB

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      phiIB;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 0;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+        value           uniform 0;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+        value           uniform 0;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/0/voidfraction

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      voidfraction;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 1;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/constant/couplingProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version         2.0;
+    format          ascii;
+    class           dictionary;
+    object          couplingProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// sub-models & settings
+
+modelType none;
+
+checkPeriodicCells;
+
+couplingInterval 10;
+
+depth 0;
+
+voidFractionModel IB;
+
+locateModel engineIB;
+
+meshMotionModel noMeshMotion;
+
+regionModel allRegion;
+
+dataExchangeModel twoWayMPI;
+
+IOModel off;//basicIO;
+
+probeModel off;
+
+averagingModel dilute;
+
+clockModel off;
+
+smoothingModel off;
+
+forceModels
+(
+    ShirgaonkarIB
+);
+
+momCoupleModels
+(
+);
+
+turbulenceModelType "turbulenceProperties";
+
+
+// sub-model properties
+
+ShirgaonkarIBProps
+{
+    velFieldName "U";
+    pressureFieldName "p";
+    densityFieldName "rho";
+    solidVolFractionName "lambda";
+}
+
+IBProps
+{
+    maxCellsPerParticle 20000;
+    alphaMin 0.30;
+    scaleUpVol 1.0;
+}
+
+engineIBProps
+{
+    engineProps
+    {
+        treeSearch true;
+    }
+    zSplit 8;
+    xySplit 16;
+}
+
+twoWayMPIProps
+{
+    liggghtsPath "../DEM/in.liggghts_run";
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/constant/g

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       uniformDimensionedVectorField;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      g;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -2 0 0 0 0];
+value           (0 0 0);
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/constant/liggghtsCommands

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version         2.0;
+    format          ascii;
+    class           dictionary;
+    object          liggghtsCommands;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+liggghtsCommandModels
+(
+    runLiggghts
+);
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/constant/transportProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      transportProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+transportModel  Newtonian;
+
+// Fluid properties of  plasma // dextran
+nu                  nu [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1.2; //4.9524;
+
+CrossPowerLawCoeffs
+{
+    nu0             nu0 [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    nuInf           nuInf [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    m               m [ 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ] 1;
+    n               n [ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1;
+}
+
+BirdCarreauCoeffs
+{
+    nu0             nu0 [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    nuInf           nuInf [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    k               k [ 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ] 0;
+    n               n [ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/constant/turbulenceProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      turbulenceProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+simulationType  laminar;
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/system/blockMeshDict

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      blockMeshDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+convertToMeters 1;
+
+vertices
+(
+    (-2.65  -2.65    0)
+    ( 2.65  -2.65    0)
+    ( 2.65   2.65    0)
+    (-2.65   2.65    0)
+    (-3.5355 -3.5355   0)
+    ( 3.5355 -3.5355   0)
+    ( 3.5355  3.5355   0)
+    (-3.5355  3.5355   0)
+
+    (-2.65  -2.65   90)
+    ( 2.65  -2.65   90)
+    ( 2.65   2.65   90)
+    (-2.65   2.65   90)
+    (-3.5355 -3.5355  90)
+    ( 3.5355 -3.5355  90)
+    ( 3.5355  3.5355  90)
+    (-3.5355  3.5355  90)
+);
+
+blocks
+(
+    // inner block
+    hex ( 0  1  2  3  8  9 10 11) (8 8 93) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+    // slice 1
+    hex ( 0  4  5  1  8 12 13  9) (3 8 93) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+    // slice 2
+    hex ( 1  5  6  2  9 13 14 10) (3 8 93) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+    // slice 3
+    hex ( 2  6  7  3 10 14 15 11) (3 8 93) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+    // slice 4
+    hex ( 3  7  4  0 11 15 12  8) (3 8 93) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+);
+
+
+
+edges
+(
+    arc  4  5 ( 0 -5  0)
+    arc 12 13 ( 0 -5 90)
+
+    arc  5  6 ( 5  0  0)
+    arc 13 14 ( 5  0 90)
+
+    arc  6  7 ( 0  5  0)
+    arc 14 15 ( 0  5 90)
+
+    arc  7  4 (-5  0  0)
+    arc 15 12 (-5  0 90)
+);
+
+boundary
+(
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+        neighbourPatch  outlet;
+        faces
+        (
+            (0 3 2 1)
+            (0 1 5 4)
+            (1 2 6 5)
+            (2 3 7 6)
+            (3 0 4 7)
+        );
+        transform       translational;
+        separationVector ( 0 0 90);
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+        neighbourPatch  inlet;
+        faces
+        (
+            (8 9 10 11)
+            (13 9 8 12)
+            (14 10 9 13)
+            (10 14 15 11)
+            (12 8 11 15)
+        );
+        transform       translational;
+        separationVector ( 0 0 -90);
+    }
+
+    channelWall
+    {
+        type            wall;
+        faces
+        (
+            (13 12 4 5)
+            (5 6 14 13)
+            (6 7 15 14)
+            (7 4 12 15)
+        );
+    }
+);
+
+mergePatchPairs
+(
+);
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/system/controlDict

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      controlDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+application     pisoFoam;
+
+startFrom       latestTime;
+
+startTime       0;
+
+stopAt          endTime;
+
+endTime         500000;
+
+deltaT          10;
+
+writeControl    adjustableRunTime;
+
+writeInterval   10000;
+
+purgeWrite      0;
+
+writeFormat     ascii;
+
+writePrecision  6;
+
+writeCompression uncompressed;
+
+timeFormat      general;
+
+timePrecision   6;
+
+runTimeModifiable yes;
+
+adjustTimeStep  no;
+
+maxCo           1.0;
+
+maxDeltaT       10;
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
+DimensionedConstants
+{
+    unitSet	micro; // SI;
+
+    SICoeffs
+    {
+        universal
+        {
+            c               c [ 0 1 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 2.99792e+08;
+            G               G [ -1 3 -2 0 0 0 0 ] 6.67429e-11;
+            h               h [ 1 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 6.62607e-34;
+        }
+        electromagnetic
+        {
+            e               e [ 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 ] 1.60218e-19;
+        }
+        atomic
+        {
+            me              me [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 9.10938e-31;
+            mp              mp [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1.67262e-27;
+        }
+        physicoChemical
+        {
+            mu              mu [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1.66054e-27;
+            k               k [ 1 2 -2 -1 0 0 0 ] 1.38065e-23;
+        }
+        standard
+        {
+            //- Standard pressure [Pa]
+            Pstd            Pstd [ 1 -1 -2 0 0 0 0 ] 100000;
+            //- Standard temperature [degK]
+            Tstd            Tstd [ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 ] 298.15;
+        }
+    }
+
+    microCoeffs
+    {
+        universal
+        {
+            c               c [ 0 1 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 2.99792e+08;
+            G               G [ -1 3 -2 0 0 0 0 ] 6.67429e-20;
+            h               h [ 1 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 6.62607e-13;
+        }
+        electromagnetic
+        {
+            e               e [ 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 ] 1.60218e-19;
+        }
+        atomic
+        {
+            me              me [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 9.10938e-16;
+            mp              mp [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1.67262e-12;
+        }
+        physicoChemical
+        {
+            mu              mu [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1.66054e-12;
+            k               k [ 1 2 -2 -1 0 0 0 ] 1.38065e-23;
+        }
+        standard
+        {
+            //- Standard pressure [Pa]
+            Pstd            Pstd [ 1 -1 -2 0 0 0 0 ] 100000;
+            //- Standard temperature [degK]
+            Tstd            Tstd [ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 ] 298.15;
+        }
+    }
+}

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/system/decomposeParDict

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      decomposeParDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+numberOfSubdomains  2;
+
+method          simple;
+
+simpleCoeffs
+{
+    n           (1 1 2);
+    delta       0.001;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/system/fvOptions

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      fvOptions;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+momentumSource
+{
+    type            meanVelocityForce;
+    active          yes;
+
+    meanVelocityForceCoeffs
+    {
+        selectionMode   all;
+        fields          (U);
+        // Note: set mean velocity here
+        Ubar            ( 0 0 0.0008 );
+        relaxation      0.9;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/system/fvSchemes

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      fvSchemes;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+ddtSchemes
+{
+    default         Euler;
+}
+
+gradSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss skewCorrected linear;
+    grad(p)         Gauss skewCorrected linear;
+    grad(U)         Gauss skewCorrected linear;
+}
+
+divSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss skewCorrected linear;
+    div(phi,U)      Gauss skewCorrected upwind;
+    div(phi,k)      Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div(phi,epsilon) Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div(phi,R)      Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div(R)          Gauss linear;
+    div(phi,nuTilda) Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div((nuEff*dev(grad(U).T()))) Gauss linear;
+    div(U)          Gauss skewCorrected lineaUpwind;
+}
+
+laplacianSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(nuEff,U) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian((1|A(U)),p) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian((voidfraction2|A(U)),p) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DkEff,k) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DepsilonEff,epsilon) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DREff,R) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DnuTildaEff,nuTilda) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(phiIB) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(U) Gauss linear corrected;
+}
+
+interpolationSchemes
+{
+    default         skewCorrected linear;
+    interpolate(U)  skewCorrected linear;
+}
+
+snGradSchemes
+{
+    default         corrected;
+}
+
+fluxRequired
+{
+    default         no;
+    p               ;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/CFD/system/fvSolution

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      fvSolution;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+solvers
+{
+    p
+    {
+        solver          PCG;
+        preconditioner  DIC;
+        tolerance       1e-06;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    pFinal
+    {
+        solver          PCG;
+        preconditioner  DIC;
+        tolerance       1e-06;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    U
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    k
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    epsilon
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    R
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    nuTilda
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    phiIB
+    {
+        solver          PCG;
+        preconditioner  DIC;
+        tolerance       1e-06;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    "(U|k)Final"
+    {
+        $U;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    Us
+    {
+        $U;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+}
+
+PISO
+{
+    nCorrectors     2;
+    nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 1;
+    pRefCell        0;
+    pRefValue       0;
+}
+
+relaxationFactors
+{
+    equations
+    {
+        ".*"        0.8;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/DEM/data/spheres.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+1.58162822 1.14912017 0.00000000 1.95500000
+0.60412822 1.85931549 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-0.60412822 1.85931549 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-1.58162822 1.14912017 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-1.95500000 0.00000000 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-1.58162822 -1.14912017 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-0.60412822 -1.85931549 0.00000000 1.95500000
+0.60412822 -1.85931549 0.00000000 1.95500000
+1.58162822 -1.14912017 0.00000000 1.95500000
+1.95500000 -0.00000000 0.00000000 1.95500000

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/DEM/in.liggghts_init

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# Insert a RBC into a cylinder, then induce flow
+log         ../DEM/log.liggghts
+thermo_log  ../DEM/post/thermo.txt
+
+# bond parameter setup
+variable rp equal 1.955         # sphere radius
+variable ro equal 1             # bond outer radius multiplier
+variable ri equal 0             # bond inner radius multiplier
+variable rb equal 2*${ro}*${rp} # bond radius
+variable lb equal 0.3090        # bond length multiplier
+variable damp equal 300         # damping coefficient
+
+# material properties
+variable G equal 0.005333       # in-plane shear modulus of the membrane
+variable Y equal 0.020426       # in-plane Young's modulus of the membrane
+variable Sn equal $Y/3.91       # analogous Youngs modulus of the parallel bond
+variable St equal $G/3.91       # analogous shear modulus of the parallel bond
+variable Sben equal ${Sn}*10    # analogous bending modulus of the parallel bond
+variable Stor equal ${Sn}*10    # analogous torsional modulus of the parallel bond
+
+
+# atom type and style
+atom_style  hybrid granular bond/gran n_bondtypes 1 bonds_per_atom 6
+atom_modify map array
+
+# boundary
+boundary    f f p
+
+# communication
+newton      off
+communicate single vel yes
+
+# units
+units       micro
+
+# region and box creation
+region      domain block -10 10 -10 10 0 90 units box
+create_box  2 domain
+
+# neighbors
+neighbor        1.0 bin
+neigh_modify    exclude molecule all
+neigh_modify    delay 0
+
+# material properties
+fix m1 all property/global youngsModulus peratomtype 7.5e02 7.5e03
+fix m2 all property/global poissonsRatio peratomtype 0.5 0.5
+fix m3 all property/global coefficientRestitution peratomtypepair 2 1e-06 1e-03 1e-03 1e-06
+fix m4 all property/global coefficientFriction peratomtypepair 2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3
+
+# pair style
+pair_style  gran model hertz tangential history
+pair_coeff  * *
+
+# bond parameters
+bond_style  gran
+# N ro ri lb Sn_bond St_bond s_bend s_tor damp bn bt TYPE_OF_BOND sigma_break tau_break
+bond_coeff  1 ${ro} ${ri} ${lb} ${Sn} ${St} ${Sben} ${Stor} ${damp} 2.65 0.0 1 1e50 1e50
+
+# place an infinite cylindrical wall with radius 5 µm in the middle of the domain (0,0)
+# the cylinder's axis is aligend along the z-axis ('zcylinder')
+fix cylwalls all wall/gran model hertz tangential history primitive type 2 zcylinder 5.0 0.0 0.0
+
+# particle template, insertion region and bond formation
+fix pts1 all particletemplate/multiplespheres 15485863 atom_type 1 &
+density constant 1098 nspheres 10 ntry 1000000 spheres file ../DEM/data/spheres.txt scale 1 &
+bonded yes/explicit &
+nbond_pairs 10 &
+1 2 &
+2 3 &
+3 4 &
+4 5 &
+5 6 &
+6 7 &
+7 8 &
+8 9 &
+9 10 &
+10 1 &
+bond_type 1
+
+fix pdd1 all particledistribution/discrete 32452843 1 pts1 1.0
+
+region bc1 block -10 10 -10 10 10 70  units box
+
+fix ins1 all insert/pack seed 32452867 distributiontemplate pdd1 &
+    maxattempt 10000 insert_every once overlapcheck yes vel constant 0.0 0.0 0.0 &
+    region bc1 particles_in_region 1 pos 0 0 60 ntry_mc 100000
+
+run         1000
+
+# set timestep
+timestep    0.001
+
+# check timestep
+fix     ts_check all check/timestep/gran 1000 0.1 0.1
+
+# screen output
+thermo_style    custom step atoms numbond
+thermo          10000
+thermo_modify   lost ignore norm no
+compute_modify  thermo_temp dynamic yes
+
+dump    dmp all custom 1000 ../DEM/post/dump*.liggghts &
+        id mol type x y z vx vy vz fx fy fz omegax omegay omegaz radius
+compute b1 all property/local &
+        batom1x batom1y batom1z batom2x batom2y batom2z &
+        batom1 batom2 btype bforceX bforceY bforceZ
+# x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 id1 id2 bond type f_bond[1] f_bond[2] f_bond[3]
+dump    bnd all local 1000 ../DEM/post/bonds*.bond1 &
+        c_b1[1] c_b1[2] c_b1[3] c_b1[4] c_b1[5] c_b1[6] &
+        c_b1[7] c_b1[8] c_b1[9] c_b1[10] c_b1[11] c_b1[12]
+
+run     100000
+
+write_restart   ../DEM/post/restart/liggghts.restart
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/DEM/in.liggghts_run

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+# RBC in a cylinder moved by fluid
+log         ../DEM/log.liggghts
+thermo_log  ../DEM/post/thermo.txt
+
+# bond parameter setup
+variable rp equal 1.955         # sphere radius
+variable ro equal 1             # bond outer radius multiplier
+variable ri equal 0             # bond inner radius multiplier
+variable rb equal 2*${ro}*${rp} # bond radius
+variable lb equal 0.3090        # bond length multiplier
+variable damp equal 25          # damping coefficient
+
+# material properties
+variable G equal 0.005333           # in-plane shear modulus of the membrane
+variable Y equal 0.020426           # in-plane Young's modulus of the membrane
+variable Sn equal $Y/3.91           # analogous Youngs modulus of the parallel bond
+variable St equal $G/3.91           # analogous shear modulus of the parallel bond
+variable Ab equal (22/7)*${rb}${rb} # bond area
+variable Sben equal ${Sn}/${Ab}     # analogous bending modulus of the parallel bond
+variable Stor equal ${St}/${Ab}     # analogous torsional modulus of the parallel bond
+
+# atom type and style
+atom_style  hybrid granular bond/gran n_bondtypes 1 bonds_per_atom 6
+atom_modify map array
+
+# boundary
+boundary    f f p
+
+# communication
+newton        off
+communicate    single vel yes
+
+# units and processors
+units       micro
+processors  1 1 2
+
+# read the restart file
+read_restart    ../DEM/post/restart/liggghts.restart
+
+# neighbors
+neighbor        1.0 bin
+neigh_modify    exclude molecule all
+neigh_modify    delay 0
+
+# material properties
+fix m1 all property/global youngsModulus peratomtype 7.5e02 7.5e04
+fix m2 all property/global poissonsRatio peratomtype 0.5 0.18
+fix m3 all property/global coefficientRestitution peratomtypepair 2 0.9 0.85 0.85 0.9
+fix m4 all property/global coefficientFriction peratomtypepair 2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
+
+# pair style
+pair_style  gran model hertz tangential history
+pair_coeff  * *
+
+# bond parameters
+bond_style  gran
+# N ro ri lb Sn_bond St_bond s_bend s_tor damp bn bt TYPE_OF_BOND sigma_break tau_break
+bond_coeff  1 ${ro} ${ri} ${lb} ${Sn} ${St} ${Sben} ${Stor} ${damp} 2.65 2.0 1.0 1e50 1e50
+
+# place an infinite cylindrical wall with radius 5 µm in the middle of the domain (0,0)
+# the cylinder's axis is aligend along the z-axis ('zcylinder')
+fix cylwalls all wall/gran model hertz tangential history primitive type 2 zcylinder 5.0 0.0 0.0
+
+# reset timestep after reading the restart file
+reset_timestep  0
+timestep    1
+
+# cfd coupling
+fix cfd  all couple/cfd couple_every 10 mpi
+fix cfd2 all couple/cfd/force
+
+# apply nve integration to all constituent spheres - single sphere treatment
+fix integr all nve/sphere
+
+compute unwra all property/atom xu yu zu
+
+# variables for data processing
+variable x1 equal c_unwra[1][1]
+variable y1 equal c_unwra[1][2]
+variable z1 equal c_unwra[1][3]
+variable x2 equal c_unwra[2][1]
+variable y2 equal c_unwra[2][2]
+variable z2 equal c_unwra[2][3]
+variable x3 equal c_unwra[3][1]
+variable y3 equal c_unwra[3][2]
+variable z3 equal c_unwra[3][3]
+variable x4 equal c_unwra[4][1]
+variable y4 equal c_unwra[4][2]
+variable z4 equal c_unwra[4][3]
+variable x5 equal c_unwra[5][1]
+variable y5 equal c_unwra[5][2]
+variable z5 equal c_unwra[5][3]
+variable x6 equal c_unwra[6][1]
+variable y6 equal c_unwra[6][2]
+variable z6 equal c_unwra[6][3]
+variable x7 equal c_unwra[7][1]
+variable y7 equal c_unwra[7][2]
+variable z7 equal c_unwra[7][3]
+variable x8 equal c_unwra[8][1]
+variable y8 equal c_unwra[8][2]
+variable z8 equal c_unwra[8][3]
+variable x9 equal c_unwra[9][1]
+variable y9 equal c_unwra[9][2]
+variable z9 equal c_unwra[9][3]
+variable x10 equal c_unwra[10][1]
+variable y10 equal c_unwra[10][2]
+variable z10 equal c_unwra[10][3]
+variable time equal step*dt
+
+fix extra1 all print 10 "${time} ${x1} ${y1} ${z1} ${x2} ${y2} ${z2} ${x3} ${y3} ${z3} ${x4} ${y4} ${z4} ${x5} ${y5} ${z5} ${x6} ${y6} ${z6} ${x7} ${y7} ${z7} ${x8} ${y8} ${z8} ${x9} ${y9} ${z9} ${x10} ${y10} ${z10}" &
+    file ../DEM/post/particle_position.txt screen no
+
+# check timestep
+fix ts_check all check/timestep/gran 1 0.1 0.1
+
+# screen output
+thermo_style    custom step atoms numbond
+thermo          1000
+thermo_modify   lost ignore norm no
+compute_modify  thermo_temp dynamic yes
+
+dump    dmp all custom 1000 ../DEM/post/dump.liggghts &
+        id mol type x y z vx vy vz fx fy fz omegax omegay omegaz radius
+compute b1 all property/local &
+        batom1x batom1y batom1z batom2x batom2y batom2z &
+        batom1 batom2 btype bforceX bforceY bforceZ
+# x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 id1 id2 bond type f_bond[1] f_bond[2] f_bond[3]
+dump    bnd all local 1000 ../DEM/post/bonds.bond1 &
+        c_b1[1] c_b1[2] c_b1[3] c_b1[4] c_b1[5] c_b1[6] &
+        c_b1[7] c_b1[8] c_b1[9] c_b1[10] c_b1[11] c_b1[12]
+
+run 1
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/DEMrun.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# DEMrun script for redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow test case
+# init redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- source CFDEM env vars
+. ~/.bashrc
+
+#- include functions
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+logpath="$casePath"
+headerText="run_liggghts_init_DEM"
+logfileName="log_$headerText"
+solverName="in.liggghts_init"
+debugMode="off"
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- call function to run DEM case
+DEMrun $logpath $logfileName $casePath $headerText $solverName $debugMode
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/parCFDDEMrun.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# parCFDDEMrun script for redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow test case
+# run redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow CFD-DEM
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- source CFDEM env vars
+. ~/.bashrc
+
+#- source CFDEM functions
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+logpath=$casePath
+headerText="run_parallel_cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing_redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow"
+logfileName="log_$headerText"
+solverName="cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing"
+nrProcs="2"
+machineFileName="none"   # yourMachinefileName | none
+debugMode="off"          # on | off| strict
+testHarnessPath="$CFDEM_TEST_HARNESS_PATH"
+runPython="false"
+postproc="false"
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- call function to run a parallel CFD-DEM case
+parCFDDEMrun $logpath $logfileName $casePath $headerText $solverName $nrProcs $machineFileName $debugMode
+
+if [ $runPython == "true" ]
+  then
+    cd $casePath
+    python results.py
+fi
+
+if [ $postproc == "true" ]
+  then
+    #- get VTK data from liggghts dump file
+    cd $casePath/DEM/post
+    lpp dump*
+
+    #- get VTK data from CFD sim
+    cd $casePath/CFD
+    reconstructParMesh -constant -mergeTol 1e-06
+    reconstructPar -noLagrangian
+    foamToVTK
+
+    #- start paraview
+    paraview
+
+    #- keep terminal open (if started in new terminal)
+    echo "...press enter to clean up case"
+    echo "press Ctr+C to keep data"
+    read
+fi
+
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellPoiseuilleFlow/results.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+import numpy as np
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+plt.rcParams["font.family"] = "serif"
+
+# Reading sphere data file
+t,x1,y1,z1,x2,y2,z2,x3,y3,z3,x4,y4,z4,x5,y5,z5,x6,y6,z6,x7,y7,z7,x8,y8,z8,x9,y9,z9,x10,y10,z10 = np.genfromtxt('DEM/post/particle_position.txt', skip_header=0,usecols = (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30),unpack=True)
+t = t*1e-06
+
+# Calculating the centre of mass of RBC
+M = 154324.770275
+m = (4/3)*np.pi*1.955**3
+xcm = (x1+x2+x3+x4+x5+x6+x7+x8+x9+x10)/10
+ycm = (y1+y2+y3+y4+y5+y6+y7+y8+y9+y10)/10
+zcm = (z1+z2+z3+z4+z5+z6+z7+z8+z9+z10)/10
+
+# Calculating the gyration tensor
+G11 = ((x1-xcm)*(x1-xcm) + (x2-xcm)*(x2-xcm) + (x3-xcm)*(x3-xcm) + (x4-xcm)*(x4-xcm) + (x5-xcm)*(x5-xcm) + (x6-xcm)*(x6-xcm) + (x7-xcm)*(x7-xcm) + (x8-xcm)*(x8-xcm) + (x9-xcm)*(x9-xcm) + (x10-xcm)*(x10-xcm))/10
+G12 = ((x1-xcm)*(y1-ycm) + (x2-xcm)*(y2-ycm) + (x3-xcm)*(y3-ycm) + (x4-xcm)*(y4-ycm) + (x5-xcm)*(y5-ycm) + (x6-xcm)*(y6-ycm) + (x7-xcm)*(y7-ycm) + (x8-xcm)*(y8-ycm) + (x9-xcm)*(y9-ycm) + (x10-xcm)*(y10-ycm))/10
+G13 = ((x1-xcm)*(z1-zcm) + (x2-xcm)*(z2-zcm) + (x3-xcm)*(z3-zcm) + (x4-xcm)*(z4-zcm) + (x5-xcm)*(z5-zcm) + (x6-xcm)*(z6-zcm) + (x7-xcm)*(z7-zcm) + (x8-xcm)*(z8-zcm) + (x9-xcm)*(z9-zcm) + (x10-xcm)*(z10-zcm))/10
+G21 = ((y1-ycm)*(x1-xcm) + (y2-ycm)*(x2-xcm) + (y3-ycm)*(x3-xcm) + (y4-ycm)*(x4-xcm) + (y5-ycm)*(x5-xcm) + (y6-ycm)*(x6-xcm) + (y7-ycm)*(x7-xcm) + (y8-ycm)*(x8-xcm) + (y9-ycm)*(x9-xcm) + (y10-ycm)*(x10-xcm))/10
+G22 = ((y1-ycm)*(y1-ycm) + (y2-ycm)*(y2-ycm) + (y3-ycm)*(y3-ycm) + (y4-ycm)*(y4-ycm) + (y5-ycm)*(y5-ycm) + (y6-ycm)*(y6-ycm) + (y7-ycm)*(y7-ycm) + (y8-ycm)*(y8-ycm) + (y9-ycm)*(y9-ycm) + (y10-ycm)*(y10-ycm))/10
+G23 = ((y1-ycm)*(z1-zcm) + (y2-ycm)*(z2-zcm) + (y3-ycm)*(z3-zcm) + (y4-ycm)*(z4-zcm) + (y5-ycm)*(z5-zcm) + (y6-ycm)*(z6-zcm) + (y7-ycm)*(z7-zcm) + (y8-ycm)*(z8-zcm) + (y9-ycm)*(z9-zcm) + (y10-ycm)*(z10-zcm))/10
+G31 = ((z1-zcm)*(x1-xcm) + (z2-zcm)*(x2-xcm) + (z3-zcm)*(x3-xcm) + (z4-zcm)*(x4-xcm) + (z5-zcm)*(x5-xcm) + (z6-zcm)*(x6-xcm) + (z7-zcm)*(x7-xcm) + (z8-zcm)*(x8-xcm) + (z9-zcm)*(x9-xcm) + (z10-zcm)*(x10-xcm))/10
+G32 = ((z1-zcm)*(y1-ycm) + (z2-zcm)*(y2-ycm) + (z3-zcm)*(y3-ycm) + (z4-zcm)*(y4-ycm) + (z5-zcm)*(y5-ycm) + (z6-zcm)*(y6-ycm) + (z7-zcm)*(y7-ycm) + (z8-zcm)*(y8-ycm) + (z9-zcm)*(y9-ycm) + (z10-zcm)*(y10-ycm))/10
+G33 = ((z1-zcm)*(z1-zcm) + (z2-zcm)*(z2-zcm) + (z3-zcm)*(z3-zcm) + (z4-zcm)*(z4-zcm) + (z5-zcm)*(z5-zcm) + (z6-zcm)*(z6-zcm) + (z7-zcm)*(z7-zcm) + (z8-zcm)*(z8-zcm) + (z9-zcm)*(z9-zcm) + (z10-zcm)*(z10-zcm))/10
+
+# Calculating the eigen values of the gyration tensor
+min_eig = []
+
+for i in range(len(t)):
+	G = np.matrix([ [G11[i],G12[i],G13[i]],
+			[G21[i],G22[i],G23[i]],
+			[G31[i],G32[i],G33[i]] ])
+
+	eigenvalues = np.linalg.eigvals(G)
+	eig = np.min(eigenvalues)
+	min_eig.append(eig)
+
+plt.plot(t,min_eig,linewidth = 1)
+plt.xlim([0,0.5])
+plt.xlabel('Time (s)')
+plt.ylabel('Min. eigen value of G')
+plt.minorticks_on()
+plt.grid()
+plt.savefig('RBC_Posieuille_Gyration.eps')
+plt.show()
+
+
+t = t*1000
+yr = ycm/10
+
+plt.plot(zcm,ycm)
+plt.show()
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/Allclean.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Allclean script for redBloodCellShearFlow test case
+# clean up redBloodCellShearFlow
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- source CFDEM env vars
+. ~/.bashrc
+
+#- source CFDEM functions
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- clean up case
+echo "deleting data at: $casePath"
+source $WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/tools/CleanFunctions
+cd $casePath/CFD
+cleanTimeDirectories
+rm -rf processor* > /dev/null 2>&1
+rm -rf clockData > /dev/null 2>&1
+echo "Cleaning $casePath/DEM/post"
+rm $casePath/DEM/post/*.*  > /dev/null 2>&1
+#rm -r $casePath/DEM/post/restart/*.*
+#touch $casePath/DEM/post/restart/.gitignore
+echo "done"
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/Allrun.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Allrun script for redBloodCellShearFlow test case
+# run redBloodCellShearFlow
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+
+# check if mesh was built
+if [ -f "$casePath/CFD/constant/polyMesh/points" ]; then
+    echo "mesh was built before - using old mesh"
+else
+    echo "mesh needs to be built"
+    cd $casePath/CFD
+    blockMesh
+fi
+
+if [ -f "$casePath/DEM/post/restart/liggghts.restart" ];  then
+    echo "LIGGGHTS init was run before - using existing restart file"
+else
+    #- run serial DEM
+    $casePath/DEMrun.sh
+fi
+
+#- run parallel CFD-DEM
+bash $casePath/parCFDDEMrun.sh

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/0/U

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volVectorField;
+    object      U;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform (0 0 0); //velocity in micrometres per second
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    front
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    back
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    top
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           uniform ( 0.00225 0 0);
+    }
+    bottom
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           uniform (-0.00225 0 0);
+    }
+    left
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    right
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/0/Us

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volVectorField;
+    location    "0";
+    object      Us;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform (0 0 0);
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    front
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    back
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    top
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    bottom
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    left
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    right
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/0/lambda

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      lambda;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 100;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    front
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    back
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    top
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    bottom
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    left
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    right
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/0/p

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      p;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 2 -2 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 0;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    front
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    back
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    top
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    bottom
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    left
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    right
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/0/phiIB

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      phiIB;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 2 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 0;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    front
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    back
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    top
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    bottom
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    left
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    right
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/0/voidfraction

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      voidfraction;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 0 0 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 1;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    front
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    back
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    top
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    bottom
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+    left
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+    right
+    {
+        type            cyclicAMI;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/constant/couplingProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      couplingProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// sub-models & settings
+
+modelType none;
+
+checkPeriodicCells;
+
+couplingInterval 10;
+
+depth 0;
+
+voidFractionModel IB;
+
+locateModel engineIB;
+
+meshMotionModel noMeshMotion;
+
+regionModel allRegion;
+
+dataExchangeModel twoWayMPI;
+
+IOModel off;
+
+probeModel off;
+
+averagingModel dilute;
+
+clockModel off;
+
+smoothingModel off;
+
+forceModels
+(
+    ShirgaonkarIB
+);
+
+momCoupleModels
+(
+);
+
+turbulenceModelType "turbulenceProperties";
+
+
+// sub-model properties
+
+ShirgaonkarIBProps
+{
+    velFieldName "U";
+    pressureFieldName "p";
+    densityFieldName "rho";
+    solidVolFractionName "lambda";
+    useTorque;
+}
+
+IBProps
+{
+    maxCellsPerParticle 20000;
+    alphaMin 0.30;
+    scaleUpVol 1.0;
+}
+
+engineIBProps
+{
+    engineProps
+    {
+        treeSearch true;
+    }
+    zSplit 8;
+    xySplit 16;
+}
+
+twoWayMPIProps
+{
+    liggghtsPath "../DEM/in.liggghts_run";
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/constant/g

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       uniformDimensionedVectorField;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      g;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -2 0 0 0 0];
+value           (0 0 0);
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/constant/liggghtsCommands

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      liggghtsCommands;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+liggghtsCommandModels
+(
+    runLiggghts
+);
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/constant/transportProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      transportProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+
+transportModel  Newtonian;
+
+// Fluid properties of plasma // dextran
+nu                  nu [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1.2; //4.9524;
+
+CrossPowerLawCoeffs
+{
+    nu0             nu0 [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    nuInf           nuInf [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    m               m [ 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ] 1;
+    n               n [ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1;
+}
+
+BirdCarreauCoeffs
+{
+    nu0             nu0 [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    nuInf           nuInf [ 0 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 1e-06;
+    k               k [ 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ] 0;
+    n               n [ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/constant/turbulenceProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      turbulenceProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+simulationType  laminar;
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/system/blockMeshDict

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      blockMeshDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+convertToMeters 1;
+
+vertices
+(
+    ( 0.0  0.0  0.0)
+    (45.0  0.0  0.0)
+    (45.0 22.5  0.0)
+    ( 0.0 22.5  0.0)
+    ( 0.0  0.0 22.5)
+    (45.0  0.0 22.5)
+    (45.0 22.5 22.5)
+    ( 0.0 22.5 22.5)
+);
+
+blocks
+(
+    hex (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7) (58 29 29) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+);
+
+boundary
+(
+    front
+    {
+        type cyclicAMI;
+        neighbourPatch back;
+        faces
+        (
+            (4 5 6 7)
+        );
+        transform translational;
+        separationVector (0 0 -22.5);
+    }
+
+    back
+    {
+        type cyclicAMI;
+        neighbourPatch front;
+        faces
+        (
+            (3 2 1 0)
+        );
+        transform translational;
+        separationVector (0 0  22.5);
+    }
+
+    top
+    {
+        type wall;
+        faces
+        (
+            (2 3 7 6)
+        );
+    }
+
+    bottom
+    {
+        type wall;
+        faces
+        (
+            (0 1 5 4)
+        );
+    }
+
+    left
+    {
+        type cyclicAMI;
+        neighbourPatch right;
+        faces
+        (
+            (0 4 7 3)
+        );
+        transform translational;
+        separationVector ( 45 0 0);
+    }
+
+    right
+    {
+        type cyclicAMI;
+        neighbourPatch left;
+        faces
+        (
+            (1 2 6 5)
+        );
+        transform translational;
+        separationVector (-45 0 0);
+    }
+);
+
+mergePatchPairs
+(
+);
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/system/controlDict

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      controlDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+application     pisoFoam;
+
+startFrom       latestTime;
+
+startTime       0;
+
+stopAt          endTime;
+
+endTime         100000;
+
+deltaT          1;
+
+writeControl    adjustableRunTime;
+
+writeInterval   100;
+
+purgeWrite      0;
+
+writeFormat     ascii;
+
+writePrecision  6;
+
+writeCompression uncompressed;
+
+timeFormat      general;
+
+timePrecision   6;
+
+runTimeModifiable yes;
+
+adjustTimeStep  no;
+
+maxCo           1.0;
+
+maxDeltaT       10;
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
+DimensionedConstants
+{
+    unitSet	micro; // SI;
+
+    SICoeffs
+    {
+        universal
+        {
+            c               c [ 0 1 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 2.99792e+08;
+            G               G [ -1 3 -2 0 0 0 0 ] 6.67429e-11;
+            h               h [ 1 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 6.62607e-34;
+        }
+        electromagnetic
+        {
+            e               e [ 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 ] 1.60218e-19;
+        }
+        atomic
+        {
+            me              me [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 9.10938e-31;
+            mp              mp [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1.67262e-27;
+        }
+        physicoChemical
+        {
+            mu              mu [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1.66054e-27;
+            k               k [ 1 2 -2 -1 0 0 0 ] 1.38065e-23;
+        }
+        standard
+        {
+            //- Standard pressure [Pa]
+            Pstd            Pstd [ 1 -1 -2 0 0 0 0 ] 100000;
+            //- Standard temperature [degK]
+            Tstd            Tstd [ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 ] 298.15;
+        }
+    }
+
+    microCoeffs
+    {
+        universal
+        {
+            c               c [ 0 1 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 2.99792e+08;
+            G               G [ -1 3 -2 0 0 0 0 ] 6.67429e-20;
+            h               h [ 1 2 -1 0 0 0 0 ] 6.62607e-13;
+        }
+        electromagnetic
+        {
+            e               e [ 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 ] 1.60218e-19;
+        }
+        atomic
+        {
+            me              me [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 9.10938e-16;
+            mp              mp [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1.67262e-12;
+        }
+        physicoChemical
+        {
+            mu              mu [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ] 1.66054e-12;
+            k               k [ 1 2 -2 -1 0 0 0 ] 1.38065e-23;
+        }
+        standard
+        {
+            //- Standard pressure [Pa]
+            Pstd            Pstd [ 1 -1 -2 0 0 0 0 ] 100000;
+            //- Standard temperature [degK]
+            Tstd            Tstd [ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 ] 298.15;
+        }
+    }
+}

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/system/decomposeParDict

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      decomposeParDict;
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+numberOfSubdomains  2;
+
+method          simple;
+
+simpleCoeffs
+{
+    n           (1 1 2);
+    delta       0.001;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/system/fvOptions

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      fvOptions;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+momentumSource
+{
+    type            meanVelocityForce;
+    active          no;
+
+    meanVelocityForceCoeffs
+    {
+        selectionMode   all;
+        fields          (U);
+        // Note: set mean velocity here
+        Ubar            ( 0 0 0.0004 );
+        relaxation      0.9;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/system/fvSchemes

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      fvSchemes;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+ddtSchemes
+{
+    default         Euler;
+}
+
+gradSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss skewCorrected linear;
+    grad(p)         Gauss skewCorrected linear;
+    grad(U)         Gauss skewCorrected linear;
+}
+
+divSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss skewCorrected linear;
+    div(phi,U)      Gauss skewCorrected upwind;
+    div(phi,k)      Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div(phi,epsilon) Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div(phi,R)      Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div(R)          Gauss linear;
+    div(phi,nuTilda) Gauss limitedLinear 1;
+    div((nuEff*dev(grad(U).T()))) Gauss linear;
+    div(U)          Gauss skewCorrected lineaUpwind;
+}
+
+laplacianSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(nuEff,U) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian((1|A(U)),p) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian((voidfraction2|A(U)),p) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DkEff,k) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DepsilonEff,epsilon) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DREff,R) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(DnuTildaEff,nuTilda) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(phiIB) Gauss linear corrected;
+    laplacian(U) Gauss linear corrected;
+}
+
+interpolationSchemes
+{
+    default         skewCorrected linear;
+    interpolate(U)  skewCorrected linear;
+}
+
+snGradSchemes
+{
+    default         corrected;
+}
+
+fluxRequired
+{
+    default         no;
+    p               ;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/CFD/system/fvSolution

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  6
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      fvSolution;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+solvers
+{
+    p
+    {
+        solver          PCG;
+        preconditioner  DIC;
+        tolerance       1e-06;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    pFinal
+    {
+        solver          PCG;
+        preconditioner  DIC;
+        tolerance       1e-06;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    U
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    k
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    epsilon
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    R
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    nuTilda
+    {
+        solver          PBiCG;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    phiIB
+    {
+        solver          PCG;
+        preconditioner  DIC;
+        tolerance       1e-06;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    "(U|k)Final"
+    {
+        $U;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    Us
+    {
+        $U;
+        tolerance       1e-05;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+}
+
+PISO
+{
+    nCorrectors     2;
+    nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;
+    pRefCell        0;
+    pRefValue       0;
+}
+
+relaxationFactors
+{
+/*
+    equations
+    {
+        ".*"        0.9;
+    }
+*/
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/DEM/data/spheres.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+1.58162822 1.14912017 0.00000000 1.95500000
+0.60412822 1.85931549 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-0.60412822 1.85931549 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-1.58162822 1.14912017 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-1.95500000 0.00000000 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-1.58162822 -1.14912017 0.00000000 1.95500000
+-0.60412822 -1.85931549 0.00000000 1.95500000
+0.60412822 -1.85931549 0.00000000 1.95500000
+1.58162822 -1.14912017 0.00000000 1.95500000
+1.95500000 -0.00000000 0.00000000 1.95500000

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/DEM/in.liggghts_init

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# Insert a RBC into a box, then induce shear flow
+log         ../DEM/log.liggghts
+thermo_log  ../DEM/post/thermo.txt
+
+# bond parameter setup
+variable rp equal 1.955         # sphere radius
+variable ro equal 1             # bond outer radius multiplier
+variable ri equal 0             # bond inner radius multiplier
+variable rb equal 2*${ro}*${rp} # bond radius
+variable lb equal 0.3090        # bond length multiplier
+variable damp equal 300         # damping coefficient
+
+# material properties
+variable G equal 0.005333       # in-plane shear modulus of the membrane
+variable Y equal 0.020426       # in-plane Young's modulus of the membrane
+variable Sn equal $Y/3.91       # analogous Youngs modulus of the parallel bond
+variable St equal $G/3.91       # analogous shear modulus of the parallel bond
+variable Sben equal ${Sn}*10    # analogous bending modulus of the parallel bond
+variable Stor equal ${Sn}*10    # analogous torsional modulus of the parallel bond
+
+
+# atom type and style
+atom_style  hybrid granular bond/gran n_bondtypes 1 bonds_per_atom 6
+atom_modify map array
+
+# boundary
+boundary    p f p
+
+# communication
+newton      off
+communicate single vel yes
+
+# units
+units       micro
+
+#region and box creation
+region      domain block 0 45 0 22.5 0 22.5 units box
+create_box  2 domain
+
+# neighbors
+neighbor        1 bin
+neigh_modify    exclude molecule all
+neigh_modify    delay 0
+
+# material properties
+fix m1 all property/global youngsModulus peratomtype 7.5e02 7.5e03 
+fix m2 all property/global poissonsRatio peratomtype 0.5 0.5
+fix m3 all property/global coefficientRestitution peratomtypepair 2 1e-06 1e-03 1e-03 1e-06 
+fix m4 all property/global coefficientFriction peratomtypepair 2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3
+
+# pair style
+pair_style  gran model hertz tangential history
+pair_coeff  * *
+
+# bond parameters
+bond_style  gran
+# N ro ri lb Sn_bond St_bond s_bend s_tor damp bn bt TYPE_OF_BOND sigma_break tau_break
+bond_coeff  1 ${ro} ${ri} ${lb} ${Sn} ${St} ${Sben} ${Stor} ${damp} 2.65 0.0 1 1e50 1e50
+
+
+# particle template, insertion region and bond formation
+fix pts1 all particletemplate/multiplespheres 15485863 atom_type 1 &
+density constant 1098 nspheres 10 ntry 1000000 spheres file ../DEM/data/spheres.txt scale 1 &
+bonded	yes/explicit &
+nbond_pairs 10 &
+1 2 &
+2 3 &
+3 4 &
+4 5 &
+5 6 &
+6 7 &
+7 8 &
+8 9 &
+9 10 &
+10 1 &
+bond_type 1
+
+fix pdd1 all particledistribution/discrete 32452843 1 pts1 1.0
+
+region bc1 block 0 45 0 22.5 0 22.5  units box
+
+fix ins1 all insert/pack seed 32452867 distributiontemplate pdd1 &
+    maxattempt 10000 insert_every once overlapcheck yes vel constant 0.0 0.0 0.0 &
+    region bc1 particles_in_region 1 pos 22.5 11.25 11.25 ntry_mc 100000
+
+run             1000
+
+# set timestep
+timestep        0.001
+
+# check timestep
+fix ts_check all check/timestep/gran 1000 0.1 0.1
+
+# screen output
+thermo_style    custom step atoms numbond
+thermo          10000
+thermo_modify   lost ignore norm no
+compute_modify  thermo_temp dynamic yes
+
+dump    dmp all custom 1000 ../DEM/post/dump*.liggghts &
+        id mol type x y z vx vy vz fx fy fz omegax omegay omegaz radius
+compute b1 all property/local &
+        batom1x batom1y batom1z batom2x batom2y batom2z &
+        batom1 batom2 btype bforceX bforceY bforceZ
+# x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 id1 id2 bondtype f_bond[1] f_bond[2] f_bond[3]
+dump    bnd all local 1000 ../DEM/post/bonds*.bond1 &
+        c_b1[1] c_b1[2] c_b1[3] c_b1[4] c_b1[5] c_b1[6] &
+        c_b1[7] c_b1[8] c_b1[9] c_b1[10] c_b1[11] c_b1[12]
+
+run		100000
+
+write_restart   ../DEM/post/restart/liggghts.restart
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/DEM/in.liggghts_run

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+# RBC in a box sheared by fluid
+log         ../DEM/log.liggghts
+thermo_log  ../DEM/post/thermo.txt
+
+# bond parameter setup
+variable rp equal 1.955         # sphere radius
+variable ro equal 1             # bond outer radius multiplier
+variable ri equal 0             # bond inner radius multiplier
+variable rb equal 2*${ro}*${rp} # bond radius
+variable lb equal 0.3090        # bond length multiplier
+variable damp equal 25          # damping coefficient
+
+# material properties
+variable G equal 0.005333           # in-plane shear modulus of the membrane
+variable Y equal 0.020426           # in-plane Young's modulus of the membrane
+variable Sn equal $Y/3.91           # analogous Youngs modulus of the parallel bond
+variable St equal $G/3.91           # analogous shear modulus of the parallel bond
+variable Ab equal (22/7)*${rb}${rb} # bond area
+variable Sben equal ${Sn}/${Ab}     # analogous bending modulus of the parallel bond
+variable Stor equal ${St}/${Ab}     # analogous torsional modulus of the parallel bond
+
+# atom type and style
+atom_style	hybrid granular bond/gran n_bondtypes 1 bonds_per_atom 6
+atom_modify	map array
+
+# boundary
+boundary    p f p
+
+# communication
+newton        off
+communicate    single vel yes
+
+# units and processors
+units       micro
+processors  1 1 2
+
+# read the restart file
+read_restart    ../DEM/post/restart/liggghts.restart
+
+# neighbors
+neighbor        1.0 bin
+neigh_modify    exclude molecule all
+neigh_modify    delay 0
+
+# material properties
+fix m1 all property/global youngsModulus peratomtype 7.5e02 7.5e04
+fix m2 all property/global poissonsRatio peratomtype 0.5 0.18
+fix m3 all property/global coefficientRestitution peratomtypepair 2 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.9
+fix m4 all property/global coefficientFriction peratomtypepair 2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
+
+# pair style
+pair_style  gran model hertz tangential history
+pair_coeff  * *
+
+# bond parameters
+bond_style  gran
+# N ro ri lb Sn_bond St_bond s_bend s_tor damp bn bt TYPE_OF_BOND sigma_break tau_break
+bond_coeff  1 ${ro} ${ri} ${lb} ${Sn} ${St} ${Sben} ${Stor} ${damp} 3.0 1.0 1.0 1e50 1e50
+
+
+# reset timestep after reading the restart file
+reset_timestep  0
+timestep        0.1
+
+# cfd coupling
+fix cfd  all couple/cfd couple_every 10 mpi
+fix cfd2 all couple/cfd/force
+
+# apply nve integration to all constituent spheres - single sphere treatment 
+fix integr all nve
+
+compute	unwra all property/atom xu yu zu
+
+# variables for data processing
+variable x1 equal c_unwra[1][1]
+variable y1 equal c_unwra[1][2]
+variable z1 equal c_unwra[1][3]
+variable x2 equal c_unwra[2][1]
+variable y2 equal c_unwra[2][2]
+variable z2 equal c_unwra[2][3]
+variable x3 equal c_unwra[3][1]
+variable y3 equal c_unwra[3][2]
+variable z3 equal c_unwra[3][3]
+variable x4 equal c_unwra[4][1]
+variable y4 equal c_unwra[4][2]
+variable z4 equal c_unwra[4][3]
+variable x5 equal c_unwra[5][1]
+variable y5 equal c_unwra[5][2]
+variable z5 equal c_unwra[5][3]
+variable x6 equal c_unwra[6][1]
+variable y6 equal c_unwra[6][2]
+variable z6 equal c_unwra[6][3]
+variable x7 equal c_unwra[7][1]
+variable y7 equal c_unwra[7][2]
+variable z7 equal c_unwra[7][3]
+variable x8 equal c_unwra[8][1]
+variable y8 equal c_unwra[8][2]
+variable z8 equal c_unwra[8][3]
+variable x9 equal c_unwra[9][1]
+variable y9 equal c_unwra[9][2]
+variable z9 equal c_unwra[9][3]
+variable x10 equal c_unwra[10][1]
+variable y10 equal c_unwra[10][2]
+variable z10 equal c_unwra[10][3]
+variable time equal step*dt
+
+fix extra1 all print 10 "${time} ${x1} ${y1} ${z1} ${x2} ${y2} ${z2} ${x3} ${y3} ${z3} ${x4} ${y4} ${z4} ${x5} ${y5} ${z5} ${x6} ${y6} ${z6} ${x7} ${y7} ${z7} ${x8} ${y8} ${z8} ${x9} ${y9} ${z9} ${x10} ${y10} ${z10}" &
+    file ../DEM/post/particle_position.txt screen no
+
+# check timestep
+fix 	ts_check all check/timestep/gran 1 0.1 0.1
+
+# screen output
+thermo_style    custom step atoms numbond
+thermo          1000
+thermo_modify   lost ignore norm no
+compute_modify  thermo_temp dynamic yes
+
+dump    dmp all custom 1000 ../DEM/post/dump.liggghts &
+        id mol type x y z vx vy vz fx fy fz omegax omegay omegaz radius
+compute b1 all property/local &
+        batom1x batom1y batom1z batom2x batom2y batom2z &
+        batom1 batom2 btype bforceX bforceY bforceZ
+# x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 id1 id2 bondtype f_bond[1] f_bond[2] f_bond[3]
+dump    bnd all local 1000 ../DEM/post/bonds.bond1 &
+        c_b1[1] c_b1[2] c_b1[3] c_b1[4] c_b1[5] c_b1[6] &
+        c_b1[7] c_b1[8] c_b1[9] c_b1[10] c_b1[11] c_b1[12]
+
+run 1
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/DEMrun.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# DEMrun script for redBloodCellShearFlow test case
+# init redBloodCellShearFlow
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- source CFDEM env vars
+. ~/.bashrc
+
+#- include functions
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+logpath="$casePath"
+headerText="run_liggghts_init_DEM"
+logfileName="log_$headerText"
+solverName="in.liggghts_init"
+debugMode="off"
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- call function to run DEM case
+DEMrun $logpath $logfileName $casePath $headerText $solverName $debugMode
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+## Single Red Blood Cell Dynamics in Shear Flow
+
+This case uses a continuous forcing immersed boundary solver on the CFD side and
+a reduced order model of a red blood cell on the DEM side, cf.
+
+Balachandran Nair, A.N., Pirker, S. and Saeedipour, M., "Resolved CFD-DEM
+simulation of blood flow with a reduced-order RBC model", Comp. Part. Mech.
+(2021)
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/parCFDDEMrun.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# parCFDDEMrun script for redBloodCellShearFlow test case
+# run redBloodCellShearFlow CFD-DEM
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- source CFDEM env vars
+. ~/.bashrc
+
+#- source CFDEM functions
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/functions.sh
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+logpath=$casePath
+headerText="run_parallel_cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing_redBloodCellShearFlow"
+logfileName="log_$headerText"
+solverName="cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing"
+nrProcs="2"
+machineFileName="none"   # yourMachinefileName | none
+debugMode="off"          # on | off| strict
+testHarnessPath="$CFDEM_TEST_HARNESS_PATH"
+runPython="false"
+postproc="false"
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- call function to run a parallel CFD-DEM case
+parCFDDEMrun $logpath $logfileName $casePath $headerText $solverName $nrProcs $machineFileName $debugMode
+
+if [ $runPython == "true" ]
+  then
+    cd $casePath
+    python results.py
+fi
+
+if [ $postproc == "true" ]
+  then
+    #- get VTK data from liggghts dump file
+    cd $casePath/DEM/post
+    lpp dump*
+
+    #- get VTK data from CFD sim
+    cd $casePath/CFD
+    reconstructParMesh -constant -mergeTol 1e-06
+    reconstructPar -noLagrangian
+    foamToVTK
+
+    #- start paraview
+    paraview
+
+    #- keep terminal open (if started in new terminal)
+    echo "...press enter to clean up case"
+    echo "press Ctr+C to keep data"
+    read
+fi
+
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/post.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# post script for redBloodCellShearFlow test case
+# run post-processing
+# Achuth N. Balachandran Nair - October 2018
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#- source CFDEM env vars
+source ~/.bashrc
+
+#- source CFDEM functions
+shopt -s expand_aliases
+source $CFDEM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/bashrc
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- define variables
+casePath="$(dirname "$(readlink -f ${BASH_SOURCE[0]})")"
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#- get VTK data from liggghts dump file
+cd $casePath/DEM/post
+lpp dump*
+
+#- get VTK data from CFD sim
+cd $casePath/CFD
+reconstructParMesh -constant -mergeTol 1e-06
+reconstructPar -noLagrangian
+
+#- start paraview
+paraview
+

tutorials/cfdemSolverIBContinuousForcing/redBloodCellShearFlow/results.py

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+
+import numpy as np
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+# Reading sphere data file
+t,x1,y1,z1,x2,y2,z2,x3,y3,z3,x4,y4,z4,x5,y5,z5,x6,y6,z6,x7,y7,z7,x8,y8,z8,x9,y9,z9,x10,y10,z10 = np.genfromtxt('DEM/post/particle_position.txt', skip_header=0,usecols = (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30),unpack=True)
+t = t*1e-06
+
+# Calculating the centre of mass of RBC
+xcm = (x1+x2+x3+x4+x5+x6+x7+x8+x9+x10)/10
+ycm = (y1+y2+y3+y4+y5+y6+y7+y8+y9+y10)/10
+zcm = (z1+z2+z3+z4+z5+z6+z7+z8+z9+z10)/10
+
+# Calculating the gyration tensor
+G11 = ((x1-xcm)*(x1-xcm) + (x2-xcm)*(x2-xcm) + (x3-xcm)*(x3-xcm) + (x4-xcm)*(x4-xcm) + (x5-xcm)*(x5-xcm) + (x6-xcm)*(x6-xcm) + (x7-xcm)*(x7-xcm) + (x8-xcm)*(x8-xcm) + (x9-xcm)*(x9-xcm) + (x10-xcm)*(x10-xcm))/10
+G12 = ((x1-xcm)*(y1-ycm) + (x2-xcm)*(y2-ycm) + (x3-xcm)*(y3-ycm) + (x4-xcm)*(y4-ycm) + (x5-xcm)*(y5-ycm) + (x6-xcm)*(y6-ycm) + (x7-xcm)*(y7-ycm) + (x8-xcm)*(y8-ycm) + (x9-xcm)*(y9-ycm) + (x10-xcm)*(y10-ycm))/10
+G13 = ((x1-xcm)*(z1-zcm) + (x2-xcm)*(z2-zcm) + (x3-xcm)*(z3-zcm) + (x4-xcm)*(z4-zcm) + (x5-xcm)*(z5-zcm) + (x6-xcm)*(z6-zcm) + (x7-xcm)*(z7-zcm) + (x8-xcm)*(z8-zcm) + (x9-xcm)*(z9-zcm) + (x10-xcm)*(z10-zcm))/10
+G21 = ((y1-ycm)*(x1-xcm) + (y2-ycm)*(x2-xcm) + (y3-ycm)*(x3-xcm) + (y4-ycm)*(x4-xcm) + (y5-ycm)*(x5-xcm) + (y6-ycm)*(x6-xcm) + (y7-ycm)*(x7-xcm) + (y8-ycm)*(x8-xcm) + (y9-ycm)*(x9-xcm) + (y10-ycm)*(x10-xcm))/10
+G22 = ((y1-ycm)*(y1-ycm) + (y2-ycm)*(y2-ycm) + (y3-ycm)*(y3-ycm) + (y4-ycm)*(y4-ycm) + (y5-ycm)*(y5-ycm) + (y6-ycm)*(y6-ycm) + (y7-ycm)*(y7-ycm) + (y8-ycm)*(y8-ycm) + (y9-ycm)*(y9-ycm) + (y10-ycm)*(y10-ycm))/10
+G23 = ((y1-ycm)*(z1-zcm) + (y2-ycm)*(z2-zcm) + (y3-ycm)*(z3-zcm) + (y4-ycm)*(z4-zcm) + (y5-ycm)*(z5-zcm) + (y6-ycm)*(z6-zcm) + (y7-ycm)*(z7-zcm) + (y8-ycm)*(z8-zcm) + (y9-ycm)*(z9-zcm) + (y10-ycm)*(z10-zcm))/10
+G31 = ((z1-zcm)*(x1-xcm) + (z2-zcm)*(x2-xcm) + (z3-zcm)*(x3-xcm) + (z4-zcm)*(x4-xcm) + (z5-zcm)*(x5-xcm) + (z6-zcm)*(x6-xcm) + (z7-zcm)*(x7-xcm) + (z8-zcm)*(x8-xcm) + (z9-zcm)*(x9-xcm) + (z10-zcm)*(x10-xcm))/10
+G32 = ((z1-zcm)*(y1-ycm) + (z2-zcm)*(y2-ycm) + (z3-zcm)*(y3-ycm) + (z4-zcm)*(y4-ycm) + (z5-zcm)*(y5-ycm) + (z6-zcm)*(y6-ycm) + (z7-zcm)*(y7-ycm) + (z8-zcm)*(y8-ycm) + (z9-zcm)*(y9-ycm) + (z10-zcm)*(y10-ycm))/10
+G33 = ((z1-zcm)*(z1-zcm) + (z2-zcm)*(z2-zcm) + (z3-zcm)*(z3-zcm) + (z4-zcm)*(z4-zcm) + (z5-zcm)*(z5-zcm) + (z6-zcm)*(z6-zcm) + (z7-zcm)*(z7-zcm) + (z8-zcm)*(z8-zcm) + (z9-zcm)*(z9-zcm) + (z10-zcm)*(z10-zcm))/10
+
+# Calculating the eigen values of the gyration tensor
+min_eig = []
+
+for i in range(len(t)):
+	G = np.matrix([ [G11[i],G12[i],G13[i]],
+			[G21[i],G22[i],G23[i]],
+			[G31[i],G32[i],G33[i]] ])
+
+	eigenvalues = np.linalg.eigvals(G)
+	eig = np.min(eigenvalues)
+	min_eig.append(eig)
+
+plt.plot(t,min_eig,linewidth = 2)
+plt.xlabel('Time (s)')
+plt.ylabel('Min. eigen value of G')
+plt.grid()
+plt.show()
+
+plt.plot(z1,y1)
+plt.plot(z2,y2)
+plt.plot(z3,y3)
+plt.plot(z4,y4)
+plt.plot(z5,y5)
+plt.plot(z6,y6)
+plt.plot(z7,y7)
+plt.plot(z8,y8)
+plt.plot(z9,y9)
+plt.plot(z10,y10)
+plt.show()
+
+plt.plot(z1,x1)
+plt.plot(z2,x2)
+plt.plot(z3,x3)
+plt.plot(z4,x4)
+plt.plot(z5,x5)
+plt.plot(z6,x6)
+plt.plot(z7,x7)
+plt.plot(z8,x8)
+plt.plot(z9,x9)
+plt.plot(z10,x10)
+plt.show()