turbulenceModels/laminar/Giesekus: Giesekus model for visco-elasticity

Implementation of the Giesekus model for visco-elasticity, derived from the new
generalised form of the Maxwell model which now support additional sources.

    Giesekus, H., 1982.
    A simple constitutive equation for polymer fluids based on the
    concept of deformation-dependent tensional mobility.
    J. Non-Newton. Fluid. 11, 69–109.

This implementation is instantiated for incompressible, compressible and VoF
two-phase flow.

applications/solvers/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/VoFphaseCompressibleTurbulenceModels/VoFphaseCompressibleTurbulenceModels.C

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2017-2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2017-2019 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ makeLaminarModel(Stokes);
 #include "Maxwell.H"
 makeLaminarModel(Maxwell);
 
+#include "Giesekus.H"
+makeLaminarModel(Giesekus);
+
 #include "kEpsilon.H"
 makeRASModel(kEpsilon);
 

src/TurbulenceModels/compressible/turbulentFluidThermoModels/turbulentFluidThermoModels.C

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2013-2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2013-2019 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ makeLaminarModel(generalizedNewtonian);
 #include "Maxwell.H"
 makeLaminarModel(Maxwell);
 
+#include "Giesekus.H"
+makeLaminarModel(Giesekus);
+
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------- //
 // RAS models

src/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulentTransportModels/turbulentTransportModels.C

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2013-2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2013-2019 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -50,6 +50,9 @@ makeLaminarModel(generalizedNewtonian);
 #include "Maxwell.H"
 makeLaminarModel(Maxwell);
 
+#include "Giesekus.H"
+makeLaminarModel(Giesekus);
+
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------- //
 // RAS models

src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/laminar/Giesekus/Giesekus.C

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2019 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "Giesekus.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace laminarModels
+{
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+Giesekus<BasicTurbulenceModel>::Giesekus
+(
+    const alphaField& alpha,
+    const rhoField& rho,
+    const volVectorField& U,
+    const surfaceScalarField& alphaRhoPhi,
+    const surfaceScalarField& phi,
+    const transportModel& transport,
+    const word& propertiesName,
+    const word& type
+)
+:
+    Maxwell<BasicTurbulenceModel>
+    (
+        alpha,
+        rho,
+        U,
+        alphaRhoPhi,
+        phi,
+        transport,
+        propertiesName,
+        type
+    ),
+
+    alphaG_("alphaG", dimless, this->coeffDict_)
+{
+    if (type == typeName)
+    {
+        this->printCoeffs(type);
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+bool Giesekus<BasicTurbulenceModel>::read()
+{
+    if (Maxwell<BasicTurbulenceModel>::read())
+    {
+        alphaG_.read(this->coeffDict());
+
+        return true;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+tmp<fvSymmTensorMatrix>
+Giesekus<BasicTurbulenceModel>::sigmaSource() const
+{
+    return fvm::Su
+    (
+        this->alpha_*this->rho_
+       *alphaG_*innerSqr(this->sigma_)/this->nuM_, this->sigma_
+    );
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace laminarModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/laminar/Giesekus/Giesekus.H

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2019 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::laminarModels::Giesekus
+
+Description
+    Giesekus model for viscoelasticity.
+
+    Reference:
+    \verbatim
+        Giesekus, H., 1982.
+        A simple constitutive equation for polymer fluids based on the
+        concept of deformation-dependent tensional mobility.
+        J. Non-Newton. Fluid. 11, 69–109.
+    \endverbatim
+
+See also
+    Foam::laminarModels::Maxwell
+
+SourceFiles
+    Giesekus.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef Giesekus_H
+#define Giesekus_H
+
+#include "Maxwell.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace laminarModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                           Class Giesekus Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+class Giesekus
+:
+    public Maxwell<BasicTurbulenceModel>
+{
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        // Disallow default bitwise copy construct and assignment
+        Giesekus(const Giesekus&);
+        void operator=(const Giesekus&);
+
+
+protected:
+
+    // Protected data
+
+        // Model coefficients
+
+            dimensionedScalar alphaG_;
+
+    // Protected Member Functions
+
+        virtual tmp<fvSymmTensorMatrix> sigmaSource() const;
+
+
+public:
+
+    typedef typename BasicTurbulenceModel::alphaField alphaField;
+    typedef typename BasicTurbulenceModel::rhoField rhoField;
+    typedef typename BasicTurbulenceModel::transportModel transportModel;
+
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("Giesekus");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        Giesekus
+        (
+            const alphaField& alpha,
+            const rhoField& rho,
+            const volVectorField& U,
+            const surfaceScalarField& alphaRhoPhi,
+            const surfaceScalarField& phi,
+            const transportModel& transport,
+            const word& propertiesName = turbulenceModel::propertiesName,
+            const word& type = typeName
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~Giesekus()
+    {}
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Re-read model coefficients if they have changed
+        virtual bool read();
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace laminarModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#ifdef NoRepository
+    #include "Giesekus.C"
+#endif
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/laminar/Maxwell/Maxwell.C

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2016-2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2016-2019 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -34,6 +34,22 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace laminarModels
 {
 
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+tmp<fvSymmTensorMatrix> Maxwell<BasicTurbulenceModel>::sigmaSource() const
+{
+    return tmp<fvSymmTensorMatrix>
+    (
+        new fvSymmTensorMatrix
+        (
+            sigma_,
+            dimVolume*this->rho_.dimensions()*sigma_.dimensions()/dimTime
+        )
+    );
+}
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
@@ -223,6 +239,7 @@ void Maxwell<BasicTurbulenceModel>::correct()
       + fvm::Sp(alpha*rho*rLambda, sigma)
      ==
         alpha*rho*P
+      + sigmaSource()
       + fvOptions(alpha, rho, sigma)
     );
 

src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/laminar/Maxwell/Maxwell.H

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2016-2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2016-2019 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ protected:
             return this->nu() + nuM_;
         }
 
+        virtual tmp<fvSymmTensorMatrix> sigmaSource() const;
+
 
 public:
 

tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/laminar/planarContraction/constant/turbulenceProperties

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ simulationType laminar;
 
 laminar
 {
-    laminarModel        Maxwell;
+    laminarModel        Maxwell; // Giesekus;
 
     MaxwellCoeffs
     {
@@ -26,6 +26,13 @@ laminar
         lambda          0.03;
     }
 
+    GiesekusCoeffs
+    {
+        nuM             0.002;
+        lambda          0.03;
+        alphaG          0.1;
+    }
+
     printCoeffs         on;
 }
 

tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/laminar/planarContraction/system/controlDict

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ FoamFile
 
 application     pimpleFoam;
 
-startFrom       latestTime;
+startFrom       startTime;
 
 startTime       0;
 

tutorials/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/laminar/climbingRod/constant/turbulenceProperties.liquid

@@ -19,10 +19,13 @@ simulationType  laminar;
 
 laminar
 {
-    laminarModel Maxwell;
+    laminarModel    Maxwell; // Giesekus;
 
     nuM             0.01476;
     lambda          0.018225;
+
+    // Giesekus coefficient
+    alphaG          0.1;
 }