solvers::film: new solver module to simulate thermal liquid films and CHT

Class
    Foam::solvers::film

Description
    Solver module for flow of compressible liquid films

    Uses the flexible PIMPLE (PISO-SIMPLE) solution for time-resolved and
    pseudo-transient and steady simulations.

    Optional fvModels and fvConstraints are provided to enhance the simulation
    in many ways including adding various sources, Lagrangian particles,
    radiation, surface film etc. and constraining or limiting the solution.

solvers::film is derived from solvers::isothermalFilm adding an energy equation
and temperature update with support for heat transfer to the wall using the
standard ThermophysicalTransportModels library utilising the filmWall patch type
or mappedFilmWall for CHT heat transfer to the adjacent solid region.  A huge
advantage of this consistency with the rest of OpenFOAM is that the standard
thermal coupled boundary conditions can be used without modification, e.g.
temperatureCoupled.

Two variants of the rivuletPanel tutorial case are provided,
tutorials/modules/film/rivuletPanel demonstrates heat transfer to a fixed
temperature wall and tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel demonstrates conjugate
heat transfer to a thin aluminium panel simulated in a region using the
solvers::solid solver executed with solvers::film using foamMultiRun.

More functionality will be added through the power of fvModels.

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/0/film/T

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      T;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 0 0 1 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform  300;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           uniform 300;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    sides
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    wall
+    {
+        type            coupledTemperature;
+        value           $internalField;
+    }
+
+    empty
+    {
+        type            empty;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/0/film/U

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volVectorField;
+    object      U;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -1 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform (0 0 0);
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            fixedValue;
+        value           uniform (0 -0.075 0);
+        // value           uniform (0 -0.25 0);
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    sides
+    {
+        type            noSlip;
+    }
+
+    wall
+    {
+        type            noSlip;
+    }
+
+    empty
+    {
+        type            empty;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/0/film/delta

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      delta;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 0 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform 0;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            turbulentInlet;
+        // type            fixedValue;
+        fluctuationScale 0.05;
+        referenceField  uniform 1e-3;
+        alpha           0.1;
+        value           uniform 1e-3;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    sides
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    wall
+    {
+        type            filmContactAngle;
+
+        contactAngle
+        {
+            type            gravitational;
+            theta0          70;
+            thetaAdv        90;
+            thetaRec        50;
+            gTheta          0.1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    empty
+    {
+        type            empty;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/0/film/p

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    object      p;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [1 -1 -2 0 0 0 0];
+
+internalField   uniform  1e5;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    inlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    sides
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    wall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    empty
+    {
+        type            empty;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/0/panel/T

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       volScalarField;
+    location    "0/panel";
+    object      T;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 ];
+
+internalField   uniform 330;
+
+boundaryField
+{
+    "(inlet|outlet|sides)"
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+
+    wall
+    {
+        type            coupledTemperature;
+        value           $internalField;
+    }
+
+    insulatedWall
+    {
+        type            zeroGradient;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/Allclean

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+cd ${0%/*} || exit 1    # Run from this directory
+
+# Source tutorial clean functions
+. $WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/tools/CleanFunctions
+
+cleanCase
+
+rm -rf constant/panel/polyMesh
+rm -rf constant/film/polyMesh
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/Allrun

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+cd ${0%/*} || exit 1    # Run from this directory
+
+# Source tutorial run functions
+. $WM_PROJECT_DIR/bin/tools/RunFunctions
+
+runApplication blockMesh -region panel
+
+runApplication -s 1 decomposePar -region panel -noFields
+
+runParallel extrudeToRegionMesh -region panel -overwrite
+
+runApplication -s 1 reconstructPar -allRegions
+
+runApplication -s 2 decomposePar -fields -allRegions
+
+printf "\n%s\n" "Creating files for paraview post-processing"
+paraFoam -touchAll
+echo
+
+runParallel $(getApplication)
+
+runApplication reconstructPar -allRegions
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/constant/film/g

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       uniformDimensionedVectorField;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      g;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+dimensions      [0 1 -2 0 0 0 0];
+value           (0 -9.81 0);
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/constant/film/momentumTransport

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      momentumTransport;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+simulationType  laminar;
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/constant/film/physicalProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      physicalProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+thermoType
+{
+    type            heRhoThermo;
+    mixture         pureMixture;
+    properties      liquid;
+    energy          sensibleInternalEnergy;
+}
+
+mixture
+{
+    H2O;
+}
+
+sigma
+{
+    type    constant;
+    sigma   0.07;
+}
+
+deltaWet    1e-8;
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/constant/panel/physicalProperties

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant/metal";
+    object      physicalProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+thermoType
+{
+    type            heSolidThermo;
+    mixture         pureMixture;
+    transport       constIsoSolid;
+    thermo          eConst;
+    equationOfState rhoConst;
+    specie          specie;
+    energy          sensibleInternalEnergy;
+}
+
+mixture
+{
+    // Aluminium
+
+    specie
+    {
+        molWeight       27;
+    }
+    equationOfState
+    {
+        rho             2700;
+    }
+    transport
+    {
+        kappa           200;
+    }
+    thermodynamics
+    {
+        Hf              0;
+        Cv              900;
+    }
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/system/controlDict

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      controlDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+application     foamMultiRun;
+
+regionSolvers
+{
+    film            film;
+    panel           solid;
+}
+
+startFrom       startTime;
+
+startTime       0;
+
+stopAt          endTime;
+
+endTime         5;
+
+deltaT          1e-4;
+
+writeControl    adjustableRunTime;
+
+writeInterval   0.1;
+
+purgeWrite      0;
+
+writeFormat     binary;
+
+writePrecision  10;
+
+writeCompression off;
+
+timeFormat      general;
+
+timePrecision   6;
+
+runTimeModifiable yes;
+
+adjustTimeStep  yes;
+
+maxCo           0.2;
+
+maxDeltaT       5e-3;
+
+libs            ("libisothermalFilm.so");
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/system/decomposeParDict

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      decomposeParDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+numberOfSubdomains 4;
+
+method          scotch;
+
+simpleCoeffs
+{
+    n               (2 2 1);
+}
+
+hierarchicalCoeffs
+{
+    n               (1 1 1);
+    order           xyz;
+}
+
+manualCoeffs
+{
+    dataFile        "";
+}
+
+distributed     no;
+
+roots           ( );
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/system/film/fvSchemes

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      fvSchemes;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+ddtSchemes
+{
+    default         Euler;
+}
+
+gradSchemes
+{
+    default         filmGauss linear;
+}
+
+divSchemes
+{
+    default         none;
+
+    div(phid,alpha) Gauss upwind; // vanLeer;
+    div(alphaRhoPhi,U)  Gauss upwind;
+    div(alphaRhoPhi,e)  Gauss upwind;
+}
+
+laplacianSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss linear orthogonal;
+}
+
+snGradSchemes
+{
+    default         orthogonal;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/system/film/fvSolution

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system";
+    object      fvSolution;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+solvers
+{
+    "alpha.*"
+    {
+        solver          PBiCGStab;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+
+        tolerance       1e-10;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+
+    "(U|e).*"
+    {
+        solver          PBiCGStab;
+        preconditioner  DILU;
+
+        tolerance       1e-10;
+        relTol          0;
+    }
+}
+
+PIMPLE
+{
+    momentumPredictor yes;
+    nOuterCorrectors  2;
+    nCorrectors       1;
+    nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;
+}
+
+relaxationFactors
+{
+    equations
+    {
+        ".*"        1;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/system/fvSolution

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      fvSolution;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+PIMPLE
+{
+    nOuterCorrectors 1;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/system/panel/blockMeshDict

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      blockMeshDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+convertToMeters 1;
+
+vertices
+(
+    // front
+    (     0  0  0.002)
+    ( 0.125  0  0.002)
+    ( 0.625  0  0.002)
+    ( 0.750  0  0.002)
+    (     0  1  0.002)
+    ( 0.125  1  0.002)
+    ( 0.625  1  0.002)
+    ( 0.750  1  0.002)
+
+    // back
+    (     0  0  0)
+    ( 0.125  0  0)
+    ( 0.625  0  0)
+    ( 0.750  0  0)
+    (     0  1  0)
+    ( 0.125  1  0)
+    ( 0.625  1  0)
+    ( 0.750  1  0)
+);
+
+blocks
+(
+    hex (0 1 9 8 4 5 13 12) (30 1 240) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+    hex (1 2 10 9 5 6 14 13) (120 1 240) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+    hex (2 3 11 10 6 7 15 14) (30 1 240) simpleGrading (1 1 1)
+);
+
+boundary
+(
+    inlet
+    {
+        type patch;
+        faces
+        (
+            (5 6 14 13)
+        );
+    }
+
+    outlet
+    {
+        type patch;
+        faces
+        (
+            (0 1 9 8)
+            (1 2 10 9)
+            (2 3 11 10)
+        );
+    }
+
+    sides
+    {
+        type patch;
+        faces
+        (
+            (8 0 4 12)
+            (15 7 3 11)
+            (13 5 4 12)
+            (15 7 6 14)
+        );
+    }
+
+    extrudeWall
+    {
+        type wall;
+        faces
+        (
+            (0 1 5 4)
+            (1 2 6 5)
+            (2 3 7 6)
+        );
+    }
+
+    insulatedWall
+    {
+        type wall;
+        faces
+        (
+            (8 12 13 9)
+            (9 13 14 10)
+            (10 14 15 11)
+        );
+    }
+);
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/system/panel/extrudeToRegionMeshDict

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    object      extrudeToRegionMeshDict;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+region          film;
+
+patches         (extrudeWall);
+
+adaptMesh       yes;
+
+patchTypes      (mappedWall);
+patchNames      (wall);
+
+regionPatchTypes   (mappedFilmWall);
+regionPatchNames   (wall);
+
+regionOppositePatchTypes    (empty);
+regionOppositePatchNames    (empty);
+
+extrudeModel    linearNormal;
+
+nLayers         1;
+
+expansionRatio  1;
+
+linearNormalCoeffs
+{
+    thickness       0.01;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/system/panel/fvSchemes

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system/metal";
+    object      fvSchemes;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+ddtSchemes
+{
+    default         Euler;
+}
+
+gradSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss linear;
+}
+
+divSchemes
+{
+    default         none;
+}
+
+laplacianSchemes
+{
+    default         Gauss linear corrected;
+}
+
+interpolationSchemes
+{
+    default         linear;
+}
+
+snGradSchemes
+{
+    default         corrected;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/modules/CHT/rivuletPanel/system/panel/fvSolution

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
+    \\  /    A nd           | Version:  dev
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "system/metal";
+    object      fvSolution;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+solvers
+{
+    e
+    {
+        solver           GAMG;
+        smoother         symGaussSeidel;
+        tolerance        1e-6;
+        relTol           0.1;
+        maxIter          10;
+    }
+
+    eFinal
+    {
+        $e;
+        relTol           0;
+    }
+}
+
+PIMPLE
+{
+    nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //