TurbulenceModels/.../kOmegaSSTSato: Made multiphase

The kOmegaSSTSata model can now be used in multiphase cases, provided
that there is a single, well defined continuous phase. As previously,
the continuous phase is the phase for which the model is selected (i.e.,
in the constant/turbulenceProperties.<continuous-phase-name>
dictionary).

By default, now, all other moving phases are considered to be dispersed
bubble phases, and the effect of all of them is summed to calculate the
overall bubble induced turbulence.

This behaviour can be overridden by means of a "dispersedPhases" entry,
which takes a list of the phases to be considered dispersed by the
model.

Patch contributed by Timo Niemi, VTT.

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingMultiphaseEulerFoam/multiphaseCompressibleTurbulenceModels/multiphaseCompressibleTurbulenceModels.C

@@ -77,6 +77,9 @@ makeRASModel(kEpsilon);
 #include "kOmegaSST.H"
 makeRASModel(kOmegaSST);
 
+#include "kOmegaSSTSato.H"
+makeRASModel(kOmegaSSTSato);
+
 #include "Smagorinsky.H"
 makeLESModel(Smagorinsky);
 

applications/solvers/multiphase/twoPhaseEulerFoam/phaseCompressibleTurbulenceModels/phaseCompressibleTurbulenceModels.C

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2014-2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2014-2019 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -79,9 +79,6 @@ makeRASModel(kEpsilon);
 #include "kOmegaSST.H"
 makeRASModel(kOmegaSST);
 
-#include "kOmegaSSTSato.H"
-makeRASModel(kOmegaSSTSato);
-
 #include "mixtureKEpsilon.H"
 makeRASModel(mixtureKEpsilon);
 

src/TurbulenceModels/phaseCompressible/RAS/kOmegaSSTSato/kOmegaSSTSato.C

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     | Website:  https://openfoam.org
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2014-2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2014-2019 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ License
 
 #include "kOmegaSSTSato.H"
 #include "fvOptions.H"
-#include "twoPhaseSystem.H"
+#include "phaseSystem.H"
+
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -61,7 +62,14 @@ kOmegaSSTSato<BasicTurbulenceModel>::kOmegaSSTSato
         type
     ),
 
-    gasTurbulencePtr_(nullptr),
+    phase_(transport),
+
+    hasDispersedPhaseNames_(this->coeffDict_.found("dispersedPhases")),
+
+    dispersedPhaseNames_
+    (
+        this->coeffDict_.lookupOrDefault("dispersedPhases", hashedWordList())
+    ),
 
     Cmub_
     (
@@ -97,35 +105,50 @@ bool kOmegaSSTSato<BasicTurbulenceModel>::read()
     }
 }
 
+
 template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
-const PhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModel
+UPtrList<const phaseModel>
-<
+kOmegaSSTSato<BasicTurbulenceModel>::getDispersedPhases() const
-    typename BasicTurbulenceModel::transportModel
->&
-kOmegaSSTSato<BasicTurbulenceModel>::gasTurbulence() const
 {
-    if (!gasTurbulencePtr_)
+    UPtrList<const phaseModel> dispersedPhases;
+
+    const phaseSystem& fluid = phase_.fluid();
+
+    if (hasDispersedPhaseNames_)
     {
-        const volVectorField& U = this->U_;
+        dispersedPhases.resize(dispersedPhaseNames_.size());
 
-        const transportModel& liquid = this->transport();
+        forAll(dispersedPhaseNames_, dispersedPhasei)
-        const twoPhaseSystem& fluid =
+        {
-            refCast<const twoPhaseSystem>(liquid.fluid());
+            dispersedPhases.set
-        const transportModel& gas = fluid.otherPhase(liquid);
-
-        gasTurbulencePtr_ =
-           &U.db()
-           .lookupObject<PhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModel<transportModel>>
             (
-                IOobject::groupName
+                dispersedPhasei,
-                (
+                &fluid.phases()[dispersedPhaseNames_[dispersedPhasei]]
-                    turbulenceModel::propertiesName,
-                    gas.name()
-                )
             );
         }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        dispersedPhases.resize(fluid.movingPhases().size() - 1);
 
-    return *gasTurbulencePtr_;
+        label dispersedPhasei = 0;
+
+        forAll(fluid.movingPhases(), movingPhasei)
+        {
+            const phaseModel& otherPhase = fluid.movingPhases()[movingPhasei];
+
+            if (&otherPhase != &phase_)
+            {
+                dispersedPhases.set
+                (
+                    dispersedPhasei ++,
+                    &otherPhase
+                );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return dispersedPhases;
 }
 
 
@@ -136,19 +159,22 @@ void kOmegaSSTSato<BasicTurbulenceModel>::correctNut
     const volScalarField& F2
 )
 {
-    const PhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModel<transportModel>& gasTurbulence =
-        this->gasTurbulence();
-
     volScalarField yPlus
     (
         pow(this->betaStar_, 0.25)*this->y_*sqrt(this->k_)/this->nu()
     );
 
     this->nut_ =
-        this->a1_*this->k_/max(this->a1_*this->omega_, this->b1_*F2*sqrt(S2))
+        this->a1_*this->k_/max(this->a1_*this->omega_, this->b1_*F2*sqrt(S2));
-      + sqr(1 - exp(-yPlus/16.0))
+
-       *Cmub_*gasTurbulence.transport().d()*gasTurbulence.alpha()
+    UPtrList<const phaseModel> dispersedPhases(getDispersedPhases());
-       *(mag(this->U_ - gasTurbulence.U()));
+    forAllIter(UPtrList<const phaseModel>, dispersedPhases, phaseIter)
+    {
+        this->nut_ +=
+            sqr(1 - exp(-yPlus/16.0))
+           *Cmub_*phaseIter().d()*phaseIter()
+           *(mag(this->U_ - phaseIter().U()));
+    }
 
     this->nut_.correctBoundaryConditions();
     fv::options::New(this->mesh_).correct(this->nut_);

src/TurbulenceModels/phaseCompressible/RAS/kOmegaSSTSato/kOmegaSSTSato.H

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ Description
 
     Note that this implementation is written in terms of alpha diffusion
     coefficients rather than the more traditional sigma (alpha = 1/sigma) so
-    that the blending can be applied to all coefficuients in a consistent
+    that the blending can be applied to all coefficients in a consistent
     manner.  The paper suggests that sigma is blended but this would not be
     consistent with the blending of the k-epsilon and k-omega models.
 
@@ -90,9 +90,6 @@ Description
         }
     \endverbatim
 
-SourceFiles
-    kOmegaSST.C
-
 SourceFiles
     kOmegaSSTSato.C
 
@@ -102,6 +99,8 @@ SourceFiles
 #define kOmegaSSTSato_H
 
 #include "kOmegaSST.H"
+#include "phaseSystem.H"
+#include "hashedWordList.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -121,20 +120,19 @@ class kOmegaSSTSato
 {
     // Private Data
 
-        mutable const PhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModel
+        //- The phase to which the turbulent model is applied to
-        <
+        const phaseModel& phase_;
-            typename BasicTurbulenceModel::transportModel
-        > *gasTurbulencePtr_;
 
+        //- True if a list of dispersed phases is specified in the dictionary
+        bool hasDispersedPhaseNames_;
+
+        //- Optional list of names of dispersed phases
+        hashedWordList dispersedPhaseNames_;
 
     // Private Member Functions
 
-        //- Return the turbulence model for the gas phase
+        //- Return the dispersed phase models
-        const PhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModel
+        UPtrList<const phaseModel> getDispersedPhases() const;
-        <
-            typename BasicTurbulenceModel::transportModel
-        >&
-        gasTurbulence() const;
 
 
 protected:

tutorials/multiphase/reactingMultiphaseEulerFoam/RAS/wallBoilingPolydisperseTwoGroups/constant/turbulenceProperties.liquid

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ simulationType  RAS;
 
 RAS
 {
-    RASModel kOmegaSST;
+    RASModel kOmegaSSTSato;
 
     turbulence      on;
     printCoeffs     on;

tutorials/multiphase/reactingMultiphaseEulerFoam/RAS/wallBoilingPolydisperseTwoGroups/system/controlDict.orig

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ functions
         operation       sum;
         fields          ( alphaRhoPhi.gas alphaRhoPhi.gas2 alphaRhoPhi.liquid );
     }
+    #includeFunc writeObjects(d.gas, d.gas2)
 }
 
 

tutorials/multiphase/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/RAS/wallBoilingPolydisperse/system/controlDict.orig

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ functions
         operation       sum;
         fields          ( alphaRhoPhi.gas alphaRhoPhi.liquid );
     }
+    #includeFunc writeObjects(d.gas)
 }