Added optional pressure reference pRef to p_rgh in buoyantPimpleFoam,
buoyantSimpleFoam and chtMultiRegionFoam which handles cases in which the
pressure variation is small compared to the pressure level more accurately.
The pRef value is provided in the optional constant/pRef file.
All tutorials and templates have been updated to use pRef as appropriate.
Only perfectGas and real-gas equations of state are consistent with standard
Janaf thermo data based on Cp. Using other equations of state is possible but
the Janaf Cp data would have to be modified for consistency.
The solid is currently assumed incompressible (the solid pressure is not
updated) and in general would be near incompressible so internal energy is a
more appropriate energy choice than enthalpy which would require a pressure work
term currently not implemented. Additionally due to the way in which the
conduction is handled in terms of the gradient of energy the accuracy of the
current enthalpy implementation is sensitive to the pressure distribution as
this introduces an enthalpy gradient from the p/rho term which would need to be
corrected; this issue is avoided by solving for internal energy instead.
This improvement requires the scheme and solver settings for the solids in
chtMultiRegionFoam cases to be changed from "h" to "e" and the thermo-physical
properties in <solid>/thermophysicalProperties to be set to the corresponding
internal energy forms, e.g.:
thermo eConst;
.
.
.
energy sensibleInternalEnergy;
All tutorials have be updated to reflect this and provide guidance when updating
cases.
Following the generalisation of the TurbulenceModels library to support
non-Newtonian laminar flow including visco-elasticity and extensible to other
form of non-Newtonian behaviour the name TurbulenceModels is misleading and does
not properly represent how general the OpenFOAM solvers now are. The
TurbulenceModels now provides an interface to momentum transport modelling in
general and the plan is to rename it MomentumTransportModels and in preparation
for this the turbulenceProperties dictionary has been renamed momentumTransport
to properly reflect its new more general purpose.
The old turbulenceProperties name is supported for backward-compatibility.
renaming the legacy keywords
RASModel -> model
LESModel -> model
laminarModel -> model
which is simpler and clear within the context in which they are specified, e.g.
RAS
{
model kOmegaSST;
turbulence on;
printCoeffs on;
}
rather than
RAS
{
RASModel kOmegaSST;
turbulence on;
printCoeffs on;
}
The old keywords are supported for backward compatibility.
This significant improvement is flexibility of SemiImplicitSource required a
generalisation of the source specification syntax and all tutorials have been
updated accordingly.
Description
Semi-implicit source, described using an input dictionary. The injection
rate coefficients are specified as pairs of Su-Sp coefficients, i.e.
\f[
S(x) = S_u + S_p x
\f]
where
\vartable
S(x) | net source for field 'x'
S_u | explicit source contribution
S_p | linearised implicit contribution
\endvartable
Example tabulated heat source specification for internal energy:
\verbatim
volumeMode absolute; // specific
sources
{
e
{
explicit table ((0 0) (1.5 $power));
implicit 0;
}
}
\endverbatim
Example coded heat source specification for enthalpy:
\verbatim
volumeMode absolute; // specific
sources
{
h
{
explicit
{
type coded;
name heatInjection;
code
#{
// Power amplitude
const scalar powerAmplitude = 1000;
// x is the current time
return mag(powerAmplitude*sin(x));
#};
}
implicit 0;
}
}
\endverbatim
This part of the name is unnecessary, as it is clear from context that
the name refers to a reaction. The selector has been made backwards
compatible so that old names will still read successfuly.
kappa is now obtained from the fluidThermo for laminar regions, the turbulence
model for turbulent regions and the solidThermo for solid regions. The "lookup"
option previously supported allowed for energy-temperature inconsistent and
incorrect specification of kappa and was not used. Without this incorrect
option there is now no need to specify a kappaMethod thus significantly
simplifying the use boundary conditions derived from temperatureCoupledBase.
This allows much greater flexibility in the instantiation of reaction system
which may in general depend on fields other than the thermodynamic state. This
also simplifies mixture thermodynamics removing the need for the reactingMixture
and the instantiation of all the thermodynamic package combinations depending on
it.
which are now read directly from the thermophysicalProperties dictionary for
consistency with non-reacting mixture thermodynamics. The species thermo and
reactions lists can still be in separate files if convenient and included into
the thermophysicalProperties file using the standard dictionary #include.
This formalises the flexible and extensible OpenFOAM thermodynamics and reaction
format as the direct input to OpenFOAM solvers. The CHEMKIN format is still
supported by first converting to the OpenFOAM format using the chemkinToFoam
utility.
The radiation modelling library has been moved out of
thermophysicalProperties into the top-level source directory. Radiation
is a process, not a property, and belongs alongside turbulence,
combustion, etc...
The namespaces used within the radiation library have been made
consistent with the rest of the code. Selectable sub-models are in
namespaces named after their base classes. Some models have been
renamed remove the base type from the suffix, as this is unnecessary.
These renames are:
Old name: New name:
binaryAbsorptionEmission binary
cloudAbsorptionEmission cloud
constantAbsorptionEmission constant
greyMeanAbsorptionEmission greyMean/greyMeanCombustion
greyMeanSolidAbsorptionEmission greyMeanSolid
wideBandAbsorptionEmission wideBand/wideBandCombustion
cloudScatter cloud
constantScatter constant
mixtureFractionSoot mixtureFraction
Some absorption-emission models have been split into versions which do
and don't use the heat release rate. The version that does has been
given the post-fix "Combustion" and has been moved into the
combustionModels library. This removes the dependence on a registered
Qdot field, and makes the models compatible with the recent removal of
that field from the combustion solvers.
This function object writes out the heat release rate field for a
combustion model. This is useful for solvers where combustion is
optional, and which do not therefore write out the heat release rate by
default; e.g., chtMultiRegionFoam and reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam.
The tutorial has been converted from two-dimensions to a wedge and the
flow has been swirl stabilised. The turbulence parameters have been made
physical. The transport schemes have been increased to second order. The
reaction mechanism has been changed to one from a publically accessible
reference. The gas thermodynamics have been made incompressible, and the
pressure offset around zero, which improves the behaviour of the
pressure solution.
Added headers to all reactions files to prevent warnings in paraview.
Added references for known mechanisms. Removed unused reaction and
thermophysical property files.
Now for transient simulations "Final" solver settings are required for ALL
equations providing consistency between the solution of velocity, energy,
composition and radiation properties.
However "Final" relaxation factors are no longer required for fields or
equations and if not present the standard value for the variable will be
applied. Given that relaxation factors other than 1 are rarely required for
transient runs and hence the same for all iterations including the final one
this approach provide simpler input while still providing the flexibility to
specify a different value for the final iteration if required. For steady cases
it is usual to execute just 1 outer iteration per time-step for which the
standard relaxation factors are appropriate, and if more than one iteration is
executed it is common to use the same factors for both. In the unlikely event
of requiring different relaxation factors for the final iteration this is still
possible to specify via the now optional "Final" specification.
To switch-off radiation set
radiationModel none;
in radiationProperties which instantiates "null" model that does not read any
data or coefficients or evaluate any fields.
