The selection of the "Final" solver settings is now handled automatically within
the "<equation>.solve()" call and there is no longer any need no provide a bool
argument for specific cases. This simplifies the solution algorithm loop
structures and ensures consistency in behaviour across all solvers.
All tutorials have been updated to correspond to the now consistent rules.
Now for transient simulations "Final" solver settings are required for ALL
equations providing consistency between the solution of velocity, energy,
composition and radiation properties.
However "Final" relaxation factors are no longer required for fields or
equations and if not present the standard value for the variable will be
applied. Given that relaxation factors other than 1 are rarely required for
transient runs and hence the same for all iterations including the final one
this approach provide simpler input while still providing the flexibility to
specify a different value for the final iteration if required. For steady cases
it is usual to execute just 1 outer iteration per time-step for which the
standard relaxation factors are appropriate, and if more than one iteration is
executed it is common to use the same factors for both. In the unlikely event
of requiring different relaxation factors for the final iteration this is still
possible to specify via the now optional "Final" specification.
coneInjection has been extended to include the functionality of
coneNozzleInjection, and the latter has been removed.
Some parameters have changed names. The "positionAxis" entry from
coneInjection has been removed in preferance of coneNozzleInjection's
single "position" and "direction" entries. This means that only one
injection site is possible per model (dictionary substitutions mean that
only minimal additions are required to add further injection sites with
the same parameters). The name of the velocity magnitude has been
standardised as "Umag" and "innerDiameter" and "outerDiamater" have been
renamed "dInner" and "dOuter" for consistency with the inner and outer
spray angles.
Velocity magnitude and diameters are no longer read when they are not
required.
The randomisation has been altered so that the injections generate a
uniform distribution on an cross section normal to the direction of
injection. Previously there was an unexplained bias towards the
centreline.
An example specification with a full list of parameters is shown below.
injectionModels
{
model1
{
type coneInjection;
// Times
SOI 0;
duration 1;
// Quantities
massTotal 0; // <-- not used with these settings
parcelBasisType fixed;
parcelsPerSecond 1000000;
flowRateProfile constant 1;
nParticle 1;
// Sizes
sizeDistribution
{
type fixedValue;
fixedValueDistribution
{
value 0.0025;
}
}
// Geometry
positions (-0.15 -0.1 0);
directions (1 0 0);
thetaInner 0;
thetaOuter 45;
// - Inject at a point
injectionMethod point;
// - Or, inject over a disc:
/*
injectionMethod disc;
dInner 0;
dOuter 0.05;
*/
// Velocity
// - Inject with constant velocity
flowType constantVelocity;
Umag 1;
// - Or, inject with flow rate and discharge coefficient
// This also requires massTotal, dInner and dOuter
/*
flowType flowRateAndDischarge;
Cd 0.9;
*/
// - Or, inject at a pressure
/*
flowType pressureDrivenVelocity;
Pinj 10e5;
*/
}
model2
{
// The same as model1, but at a different position
$model1;
position (-0.15 0.1 0);
}
}
to simplify reacting case setup.
Tutorials
tutorials/combustion/chemFoam/ic8h18_TDAC
tutorials/combustion/reactingFoam/RAS/SandiaD_LTS
tutorials/combustion/reactingFoam/laminar/counterFlowFlame2DLTS_GRI_TDAC
tutorials/combustion/reactingFoam/laminar/counterFlowFlame2D_GRI_TDAC
updated to benefit from the new configuration files.
Patch contributed by Francesco Contino
to avoid the need to evaluate departure functions and simplify evaluation of the
temperature. In general it makes more sense to use and e/Cv based
thermodynamics when solving for internal energy rather than h/Cp and have
convert between the energy forms.
All related tutorials and test cases have also been updated.
Changed liquid thermo from sensibleEnthalpy to sensibleInternalEnergy in
tutorials. It is generally more convergent and stable to solve for internal
energy if the fluid is incompressible or weakly compressible.
This provides more flexibility in specifying the allowed internal and boundary
extrema.
For driftFluxFoam and other settling problems it is beneficial to set the
boundaryExtremaCoeff to 1 to allow rapid accumulation of the partials on the
bottom wall (which was the previous default behaviour) but this is not suitable
for many Euler-Euler cases for which a uniform etrema coefficient is preferable,
either 0 or a small value.
Now by default boundaryExtremaCoeff is set to extremaCoeff which defaults to 0
which provides the behaviour before
OpenFOAM-dev commit cb2bc60fa5
and the driftFluxFoam tutorials have been updated adding
boundaryExtremaCoeff 1;
to the MULES controls in fvSolution so reproduce the previous behaviour.
The LBend was set to run for 2 s, but at about 1.95 s the packed region
builds up to the inlet and the simulation diverges. The end time has
been reduced to 1.9 s so that this does not occur.
snappyHexMesh now generates a face-zone for the AMI-s, and createBaffles
and mergeOrSplitPoints -split are used to create the patches. Before,
snappy generated AMI patches directly, which were then converted to
AMI-s with createPatch.
This way, the AMI-s match exactly at the start of the simulation. For
more complicated cases that may be derived from this tutorial, this
could be important.
With the -noFields option the mesh is subset but the fields are not changed.
This is useful when the field fields have been created to correspond to the mesh
after the mesh subset.
To switch-off radiation set
radiationModel none;
in radiationProperties which instantiates "null" model that does not read any
data or coefficients or evaluate any fields.
The semiPermeableBaffleMassFraction boundary condition can now calculate
the mass flux as proportional to the difference in mole fraction or
partial pressure. A mass fraction difference driven transfer is also
still possible. An additional keyword, "input" has been added which is
used to select the variable used to calculate the transfer. An example
specification is as follows:
baffle
{
type semiPermeableBaffleMassFraction;
samplePatch membranePipe;
c 0.1;
input massFraction;
value uniform 0;
}
In order to facilitate this, a "W" method to get the molar mass on a
patch has been added to the thermodynamics. To avoid name-clashes,
methods that generate per-species molar masses have been renamed "Wi".
This work was supported by Georg Skillas, at Evonik
The sampled sets have been renamed in a more explicit and consistent
manner, and two new ones have also been added. The available sets are as
follows:
arcUniform: Uniform samples along an arc. Replaces "circle", and
adds the ability to sample along only a part of the circle's
circumference. Example:
{
type arcUniform;
centre (0.95 0 0.25);
normal (1 0 0);
radial (0 0 0.25);
startAngle -1.57079633;
endAngle 0.52359878;
nPoints 200;
axis x;
}
boundaryPoints: Specified point samples associated with a subset of
the boundary. Replaces "patchCloud". Example:
{
type boundaryPoints;
patches (inlet1 inlet2);
points ((0 -0.05 0.05) (0 -0.05 0.1) (0 -0.05 0.15));
maxDistance 0.01;
axis x;
}
boundaryRandom: Random samples within a subset of the boundary.
Replaces "patchSeed", but changes the behaviour to be entirely
random. It does not seed the boundary face centres first. Example:
{
type boundaryRandom;
patches (inlet1 inlet2);
nPoints 1000;
axis x;
}
boxUniform: Uniform grid of samples within a axis-aligned box.
Replaces "array". Example:
{
type boxUniform;
box (0.95 0 0.25) (1.2 0.25 0.5);
nPoints (2 4 6);
axis x;
}
circleRandom: Random samples within a circle. New. Example:
{
type circleRandom;
centre (0.95 0 0.25);
normal (1 0 0);
radius 0.25;
nPoints 200;
axis x;
}
lineFace: Face-intersections along a line. Replaces "face". Example:
{
type lineFace;
start (0.6 0.6 0.5);
end (0.6 -0.3 -0.1);
axis x;
}
lineCell: Cell-samples along a line at the mid-points in-between
face-intersections. Replaces "midPoint". Example:
{
type lineCell;
start (0.5 0.6 0.5);
end (0.5 -0.3 -0.1);
axis x;
}
lineCellFace: Combination of "lineFace" and "lineCell". Replaces
"midPointAndFace". Example:
{
type lineCellFace;
start (0.55 0.6 0.5);
end (0.55 -0.3 -0.1);
axis x;
}
lineUniform: Uniform samples along a line. Replaces "uniform".
Example:
{
type lineUniform;
start (0.65 0.3 0.3);
end (0.65 -0.3 -0.1);
nPoints 200;
axis x;
}
points: Specified points. Replaces "cloud" when the ordered flag is
false, and "polyLine" when the ordered flag is true. Example:
{
type points;
points ((0 -0.05 0.05) (0 -0.05 0.1) (0 -0.05 0.15));
ordered yes;
axis x;
}
sphereRandom: Random samples within a sphere. New. Example:
{
type sphereRandom;
centre (0.95 0 0.25);
radius 0.25;
nPoints 200;
axis x;
}
triSurfaceMesh: Samples from all the points of a triSurfaceMesh.
Replaces "triSurfaceMeshPointSet". Example:
{
type triSurfaceMesh;
surface "surface.stl";
axis x;
}
The headers have also had documentation added. Example usage and a
description of the control parameters now exists for all sets.
In addition, a number of the algorithms which generate the sets have
been refactored or rewritten. This was done either to take advantage of
the recent changes to random number generation, or to remove ad-hoc
fixes that were made unnecessary by the barycentric tracking algorithm.
