With this change each functionObject provides the list of fields required so
that the postProcess utility can pre-load them before executing the list of
functionObjects. This provides a more convenient interface than using the
-field or -fields command-line options to postProcess which are now redundant.
to provide a single consistent code and user interface to the specification of
physical properties in both single-phase and multi-phase solvers. This redesign
simplifies usage and reduces code duplication in run-time selectable solver
options such as 'functionObjects' and 'fvModels'.
* physicalProperties
Single abstract base-class for all fluid and solid physical property classes.
Physical properties for a single fluid or solid within a region are now read
from the 'constant/<region>/physicalProperties' dictionary.
Physical properties for a phase fluid or solid within a region are now read
from the 'constant/<region>/physicalProperties.<phase>' dictionary.
This replaces the previous inconsistent naming convention of
'transportProperties' for incompressible solvers and
'thermophysicalProperties' for compressible solvers.
Backward-compatibility is provided by the solvers reading
'thermophysicalProperties' or 'transportProperties' if the
'physicalProperties' dictionary does not exist.
* phaseProperties
All multi-phase solvers (VoF and Euler-Euler) now read the list of phases and
interfacial models and coefficients from the
'constant/<region>/phaseProperties' dictionary.
Backward-compatibility is provided by the solvers reading
'thermophysicalProperties' or 'transportProperties' if the 'phaseProperties'
dictionary does not exist. For incompressible VoF solvers the
'transportProperties' is automatically upgraded to 'phaseProperties' and the
two 'physicalProperties.<phase>' dictionary for the phase properties.
* viscosity
Abstract base-class (interface) for all fluids.
Having a single interface for the viscosity of all types of fluids facilitated
a substantial simplification of the 'momentumTransport' library, avoiding the
need for a layer of templating and providing total consistency between
incompressible/compressible and single-phase/multi-phase laminar, RAS and LES
momentum transport models. This allows the generalised Newtonian viscosity
models to be used in the same form within laminar as well as RAS and LES
momentum transport closures in any solver. Strain-rate dependent viscosity
modelling is particularly useful with low-Reynolds number turbulence closures
for non-Newtonian fluids where the effect of bulk shear near the walls on the
viscosity is a dominant effect. Within this framework it would also be
possible to implement generalised Newtonian models dependent on turbulent as
well as mean strain-rate if suitable model formulations are available.
* visosityModel
Run-time selectable Newtonian viscosity model for incompressible fluids
providing the 'viscosity' interface for 'momentumTransport' models.
Currently a 'constant' Newtonian viscosity model is provided but the structure
supports more complex functions of time, space and fields registered to the
region database.
Strain-rate dependent non-Newtonian viscosity models have been removed from
this level and handled in a more general way within the 'momentumTransport'
library, see section 'viscosity' above.
The 'constant' viscosity model is selected in the 'physicalProperties'
dictionary by
viscosityModel constant;
which is equivalent to the previous entry in the 'transportProperties'
dictionary
transportModel Newtonian;
but backward-compatibility is provided for both the keyword and model
type.
* thermophysicalModels
To avoid propagating the unnecessary constructors from 'dictionary' into the
new 'physicalProperties' abstract base-class this entire structure has been
removed from the 'thermophysicalModels' library. The only use for this
constructor was in 'thermalBaffle' which now reads the 'physicalProperties'
dictionary from the baffle region directory which is far simpler and more
consistent and significantly reduces the amount of constructor code in the
'thermophysicalModels' library.
* compressibleInterFoam
The creation of the 'viscosity' interface for the 'momentumTransport' models
allows the complex 'twoPhaseMixtureThermo' derived from 'rhoThermo' to be
replaced with the much simpler 'compressibleTwoPhaseMixture' derived from the
'viscosity' interface, avoiding the myriad of unused thermodynamic functions
required by 'rhoThermo' to be defined for the mixture.
Same for 'compressibleMultiphaseMixture' in 'compressibleMultiphaseInterFoam'.
This is a significant improvement in code and input consistency, simplifying
maintenance and further development as well as enhancing usability.
Henry G. Weller
CFD Direct Ltd.
The MomentumTransportModels library now builds of a standard set of
phase-incompressible and phase-compressible models. This replaces most
solver-specific builds of these models.
This has been made possible by the addition of a new
"dynamicTransportModel" interface, from which all transport classes used
by the momentum transport models now derive. For the purpose of
disambiguation, the old "transportModel" has also been renamed
"kinematicTransportModel".
This change has been made in order to create a consistent definition of
phase-incompressible and phase-compressible MomentumTransportModels,
which can then be looked up by functionObjects, fvModels, and similar.
Some solvers still build specific momentum transport models, but these
are now in addition to the standard set. The solver does not build all
the models it uses.
There are also corresponding centralised builds of phase dependent
ThermophysicalTransportModels.
All function objects now re-read as a result of run-time modifications
to the system/controlDict.
Function objects that write log files (via the logFiles class) will now
generate a new postProcessing/<funcName>/<time> directory as a result of
either restart or run-time modification. Log files will therefore never
be overwritten by restart or run-time modification, except for when a
case is restarted at the same time as a previous execution (e.g.,
repeated runs at the start time).
Following functionality added:
- support of dimensional inputs
- run time selection mechanism of HTC model (kappaEff, ReynoldsAnalogy)
- kappaEff has now two options for calculating HTC (with/without characteristic length)
- Reynolds Analogy estimation for HTC
- integrated HTC replaced with an average log output
Description
Calculates and writes the estimated heat transfer coefficient at wall
patches as the volScalarField field.
All wall patches are included by default; to restrict the calculation to
certain patches, use the optional 'patches' entry.
The models are selected run time by model entry. For detailed description
look at the header file for specific model under
wallHeatTransferCoeffModels.
Example of function object specification:
\verbatim
kappaEff1
{
type wallHeatTransferCoeff;
libs ("libfieldFunctionObjects.so");
model kappaEff;
...
region fluid;
patches (".*Wall");
rho 1.225;
Cp 1005;
Prl 0.707;
Prt 0.9;
}
\endverbatim
\verbatim
kappaEff2
{
type wallHeatTransferCoeff;
libs ("libfieldFunctionObjects.so");
model kappaEff;
...
region fluid;
patches (".*Wall");
rho 1.225;
Cp 1005;
Prl 0.707;
Prt 0.9;
Lchar 0.001;
}
\endverbatim
\verbatim
ReynoldsAnalogy1
{
type wallHeatTransferCoeff;
libs ("libfieldFunctionObjects.so");
model ReynoldsAnalogy;
...
region fluid;
patches (".*Wall");
rho 1.225;
Cp 1005;
Uref 1.0;
}
\endverbatim
Note
Writing field 'wallHeatTransferCoeff' is done by default, but it can be
overridden by defining an empty \c objects list. For details see
writeLocalObjects.
providing the shear-stress term in the momentum equation for incompressible and
compressible Newtonian, non-Newtonian and visco-elastic laminar flow as well as
Reynolds averaged and large-eddy simulation of turbulent flow.
The general deviatoric shear-stress term provided by the MomentumTransportModels
library is named divDevTau for compressible flow and divDevSigma (sigma =
tau/rho) for incompressible flow, the spherical part of the shear-stress is
assumed to be either included in the pressure or handled separately. The
corresponding stress function sigma is also provided which in the case of
Reynolds stress closure returns the effective Reynolds stress (including the
laminar contribution) or for other Reynolds averaged or large-eddy turbulence
closures returns the modelled Reynolds stress or sub-grid stress respectively.
For visco-elastic flow the sigma function returns the effective total stress
including the visco-elastic and Newtonian contributions.
For thermal flow the heat-flux generated by thermal diffusion is now handled by
the separate ThermophysicalTransportModels library allowing independent run-time
selection of the heat-flux model.
During the development of the MomentumTransportModels library significant effort
has been put into rationalising the components and supporting libraries,
removing redundant code, updating names to provide a more logical, consistent
and extensible interface and aid further development and maintenance. All
solvers and tutorials have been updated correspondingly and backward
compatibility of the input dictionaries provided.
Henry G. Weller
CFD Direct Ltd.
Following the generalisation of the TurbulenceModels library to support
non-Newtonian laminar flow including visco-elasticity and extensible to other
form of non-Newtonian behaviour the name TurbulenceModels is misleading and does
not properly represent how general the OpenFOAM solvers now are. The
TurbulenceModels now provides an interface to momentum transport modelling in
general and the plan is to rename it MomentumTransportModels and in preparation
for this the turbulenceProperties dictionary has been renamed momentumTransport
to properly reflect its new more general purpose.
The old turbulenceProperties name is supported for backward-compatibility.
Currently these deleted function declarations are still in the private section
of the class declarations but will be moved by hand to the public section over
time as this is too complex to automate reliably.
Registration occurs when the temporary field is transferred to a non-temporary
field via a constructor or if explicitly transferred to the database via the
regIOobject "store" methods.
for incompressible flow simulated using simpleFoam, pimpleFoam or pisoFoam.
Description
Calculates and write the estimated incompressible flow heat transfer
coefficient at wall patches as the volScalarField field
'wallHeatTransferCoeff'.
All wall patches are included by default; to restrict the calculation to
certain patches, use the optional 'patches' entry.
Example of function object specification:
wallHeatTransferCoeff1
{
type wallHeatTransferCoeff;
libs ("libfieldFunctionObjects.so");
...
region fluid;
patches (".*Wall");
rho 1.225;
Cp 1005;
Prl 0.707;
Prt 0.9;
}
Usage
Property | Description | Required | Default value
type | Type name: wallHeatTransferCoeff | yes |
patches | List of patches to process | no | all wall patches
region | Region to be evaluated | no | default region
rho | Fluid density | yes |
Cp | Fluid heat capacity | yes |
Prl | Fluid laminar Prandtl number | yes |
Prt | Fluid turbulent Prandtl number| yes |
Note
Writing field 'wallHeatTransferCoeff' is done by default, but it can be
overridden by defining an empty \c objects list. For details see
writeLocalObjects.
