b4edb74dcf6dce05e6475954edb325c3817da4ef
10 Commits
| Author | SHA1 | Message | Date | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| c59e5ce983 | Updated for OpenFOAM-12 | |||
| 476bb42b04 |
unitConversion: Unit conversions on all input parameters
The majority of input parameters now support automatic unit conversion.
Units are specified within square brackets, either before or after the
value. Primitive parameters (e.g., scalars, vectors, tensors, ...),
dimensioned types, fields, Function1-s and Function2-s all support unit
conversion in this way.
Unit conversion occurs on input only. OpenFOAM writes out all fields and
parameters in standard units. It is recommended to use '.orig' files in
the 0 directory to preserve user-readable input if those files are being
modified by pre-processing applications (e.g., setFields).
For example, to specify a volumetric flow rate inlet boundary in litres
per second [l/s], rather than metres-cubed per second [m^3/s], in 0/U:
boundaryField
{
inlet
{
type flowRateInletVelocity;
volumetricFlowRate 0.1 [l/s];
value $internalField;
}
...
}
Or, to specify the pressure field in bar, in 0/p:
internalField uniform 1 [bar];
Or, to convert the parameters of an Arrhenius reaction rate from a
cm-mol-kcal unit system, in constant/chemistryProperties:
reactions
{
methaneReaction
{
type irreversibleArrhenius;
reaction "CH4^0.2 + 2O2^1.3 = CO2 + 2H2O";
A 6.7e12 [(mol/cm^3)^-0.5/s];
beta 0;
Ea 48.4 [kcal/mol];
}
}
Or, to define a time-varying outlet pressure using a CSV file in which
the pressure column is in mega-pascals [MPa], in 0/p:
boundaryField
{
outlet
{
type uniformFixedValue;
value
{
type table;
format csv;
nHeaderLine 1;
units ([s] [MPa]); // <-- new units entry
columns (0 1);
mergeSeparators no;
file "data/pressure.csv";
outOfBounds clamp;
interpolationScheme linear;
}
}
...
}
(Note also that a new 'columns' entry replaces the old 'refColumn' and
'componentColumns'. This is is considered to be more intuitive, and has
a consistent syntax with the new 'units' entry. 'columns' and
'componentColumns' have been retained for backwards compatibility and
will continue to work for the time being.)
Unit definitions can be added in the global or case controlDict files.
See UnitConversions in $WM_PROJECT_DIR/etc/controlDict for examples.
Currently available units include:
Standard: kg m s K kmol A Cd
Derived: Hz N Pa J W g um mm cm km l ml us ms min hr mol
rpm bar atm kPa MPa cal kcal cSt cP % rad rot deg
A user-time unit is also provided if user-time is in operation. This
allows it to be specified locally whether a parameter relates to
real-time or to user-time. For example, to define a mass source that
ramps up from a given engine-time (in crank-angle-degrees [CAD]) over a
duration in real-time, in constant/fvModels:
massSource1
{
type massSource;
points ((1 2 3));
massFlowRate
{
type scale;
scale linearRamp;
start 20 [CAD];
duration 50 [ms];
value 0.1 [g/s];
}
}
Specified units will be checked against the parameter's dimensions where
possible, and an error generated if they are not consistent. For the
dimensions to be available for this check, the code requires
modification, and work propagating this change across OpenFOAM is
ongoing. Unit conversions are still possible without these changes, but
the validity of such conversions will not be checked.
Units are no longer permitted in 'dimensions' entries in field files.
These 'dimensions' entries can now, instead, take the names of
dimensions. The names of the available dimensions are:
Standard: mass length time temperature
moles current luminousIntensity
Derived: area volume rate velocity momentum acceleration density
force energy power pressure kinematicPressure
compressibility gasConstant specificHeatCapacity
kinematicViscosity dynamicViscosity thermalConductivity
volumetricFlux massFlux
So, for example, a 0/epsilon file might specify the dimensions as
follows:
dimensions [energy/mass/time];
And a 0/alphat file might have:
dimensions [thermalConductivity/specificHeatCapacity];
*** Development Notes ***
A unit conversion can construct trivially from a dimension set,
resulting in a "standard" unit with a conversion factor of one. This
means the functions which perform unit conversion on read can be
provided dimension sets or unit conversion objects interchangeably.
A basic `dict.lookup<vector>("Umean")` call will do unit conversion, but
it does not know the parameter's dimensions, so it cannot check the
validity of the supplied units. A corresponding lookup function has been
added in which the dimensions or units can be provided; in this case the
corresponding call would be `dict.lookup<vector>("Umean", dimVelocity)`.
This function enables additional checking and should be used wherever
possible.
Function1-s and Function2-s have had their constructors and selectors
changed so that dimensions/units must be specified by calling code. In
the case of Function1, two unit arguments must be given; one for the
x-axis and one for the value-axis. For Function2-s, three must be
provided.
In some cases, it is desirable (or at least established practice), that
a given non-standard unit be used in the absence of specific
user-defined units. Commonly this includes reading angles in degrees
(rather than radians) and reading times in user-time (rather than
real-time). The primitive lookup functions and Function1 and Function2
selectors both support specifying a non-standard default unit. For
example, `theta_ = dict.lookup<scalar>("theta", unitDegrees)` will read
an angle in degrees by default. If this is done within a model which
also supports writing then the write call must be modified accordingly
so that the data is also written out in degrees. Overloads of writeEntry
have been created for this purpose. In this case, the angle theta should
be written out with `writeEntry(os, "theta", unitDegrees, theta_)`.
Function1-s and Function2-s behave similarly, but with greater numbers
of dimensions/units arguments as before.
The non-standard user-time unit can be accessed by a `userUnits()`
method that has been added to Time. Use of this user-time unit in the
construction of Function1-s should prevent the need for explicit
user-time conversion in boundary conditions and sub-models and similar.
Some models might contain non-typed stream-based lookups of the form
`dict.lookup("p0") >> p0_` (e.g., in a re-read method), or
`Umean_(dict.lookup("Umean"))` (e.g., in an initialiser list). These
calls cannot facilitate unit conversion and are therefore discouraged.
They should be replaced with
`p0_ = dict.lookup<scalar>("p0", dimPressure)` and
`Umean_(dict.lookup<vector>("Umean", dimVelocity))` and similar whenever
they are found.
|
|||
| 2daceb9090 |
functionObjects::movingForces, functionObjects::rigidBodyForces: New forces functionObjects
to calculate and write the forces and moments on moving rigid bodies with
specified or calculated centre of rotation using Foam::RBD::rigidBodyMotion
respectively. The current moving centre of rotation is used in the evaluation
of the moments but does not affect the evaluation of the forces.
Class
Foam::functionObjects::movingForces
Description
Calculates the forces and moments by integrating the pressure and
skin-friction forces over a given list of patches of a moving object.
The centre of rotation (CofR) of the moving object is specified as a
Foam::Function1<vector> of time.
Member function movingForces::write() calculates the forces/moments and
writes the forces/moments into the file \<timeDir\>/movingForces.dat and bin
data (if selected) to the file \<timeDir\>/movingForces_bin.dat
Example of function object specification:
\verbatim
movingForces1
{
type movingForces;
libs ("libforces.so");
log yes;
patches (walls);
CofR
{
type sine;
amplitude (0 0.025 0);
frequency 1;
start 0;
level (0 0 0);
}
}
\endverbatim
Usage
\table
Property | Description | Required | Default value
type | Type name: movingForces | yes |
log | Write force data to standard output | no | no
patches | Patches included in the forces calculation | yes |
p | Pressure field name | no | p
U | Velocity field name | no | U
rho | Density field name (see below) | no | rho
phase | Phase name for phase-fraction | no |
CofR | Centre of rotation Foam::Function1<vector> | yes |
directForceDensity | Force density supplied directly (see below)|no|no
fD | Name of force density field (see below) | no | fD
\endtable
Bin data is optional, but if the dictionary is present, the entries must
be defined according o
\table
nBin | number of data bins | yes |
direction | direction along which bins are defined | yes |
cumulative | bin data accumulated with increasing distance | yes |
\endtable
Note
- For incompressible cases, set \c rho to \c rhoInf and provide
a \c rhoInf value corresponding to the free-stream constant density.
- If the \c phase name is specified the corresponding phase-fraction field
\c alpha.<phase> is used to filter the surface force field
before integration.
- If the force density is supplied directly, set the \c directForceDensity
flag to 'yes', and supply the force density field using the \c
fDName entry
See also
Foam::functionObject
Foam::functionObjects::forcesBase
Foam::functionObjects::fvMeshFunctionObject
Foam::functionObjects::logFiles
Foam::functionObjects::timeControl
Foam::Function1
SourceFiles
movingForces.C
Class
Foam::functionObjects::rigidBodyForces
Description
Calculates the forces and moments by integrating the pressure and
skin-friction forces over a given list of patches of a moving rigid body.
The centre of rotation (CofR) of the moving rigid object is obtained
directly from the corresponding Foam::RBD::rigidBodyMotion of the
specified body.
Member function rigidBodyForces::write() calculates the forces/moments and
writes the forces/moments into the file \<timeDir\>/rigidBodyForces.dat
and bin data (if selected) to the file \<timeDir\>/rigidBodyForces_bin.dat
Example of function object specification:
\verbatim
rigidBodyForces1
{
type rigidBodyForces;
libs ("librigidBodyForces.so");
body (hull);
patches (walls);
log yes;
}
\endverbatim
Usage
\table
Property | Description | Required | Default value
type | Type name: rigidBodyForces | yes |
log | Write force data to standard output | no | no
body | Name of the rigid body | yes |
patches | Patches included in the forces calculation | yes |
p | Pressure field name | no | p
U | Velocity field name | no | U
rho | Density field name (see below) | no | rho
phase | Phase name for phase-fraction | no |
directForceDensity | Force density supplied directly (see below)|no|no
fD | Name of force density field (see below) | no | fD
\endtable
Bin data is optional, but if the dictionary is present, the entries must
be defined according o
\table
nBin | number of data bins | yes |
direction | direction along which bins are defined | yes |
cumulative | bin data accumulated with increasing distance | yes |
\endtable
Note
- For incompressible cases, set \c rho to \c rhoInf and provide
a \c rhoInf value corresponding to the free-stream constant density.
- If the \c phase name is specified the corresponding phase-fraction field
\c alpha.<phase> is used to filter the surface force field
before integration.
- If the force density is supplied directly, set the \c directForceDensity
flag to 'yes', and supply the force density field using the \c
fDName entry
See also
Foam::functionObject
Foam::functionObjects::forcesBase
Foam::functionObjects::fvMeshFunctionObject
Foam::functionObjects::logFiles
Foam::functionObjects::timeControl
Foam::RBD::rigidBodyMotion
SourceFiles
rigidBodyForces.C
|
|||
| c84e216282 |
fvMeshMovers: Rationalised directory structure and library naming convention
to support additional movers in a more modular fashion so that they can be loaded individually. |
|||
| 8331934c8c | tutorials: removed blank lines left over from transferring the functions entry to the functions file | |||
| a1eb8898d6 | tutorials: Moved the functions entry from controlDict into a functions file | |||
| 87ff44aeb8 | tutorials: Simplified dimensionless specification from [0 0 0 0 0 0 0] -> [] | |||
| a37b646e3d | tutorials: Fix cloneMesh paths and use foamRun instead of forwarding scripts | |||
| 33eb61406b |
tutorials: Updates to #codeStream and #calc examples
Simplifications have been made where possible, as permitted by the new $<type>var syntax. Duplication has been reduced in similar blockMesh files (e.g., sloshingTank cases). Settings that cannot practically be changed have been hard-coded (e.g., angle in the mixerVessel2D blockMeshDict). The rotor2D blockMeshDict has been centralised and extended to work with an arbitrary number of rotor blades. |
|||
| e744fdb5f1 |
Modular solvers: Reorganised directory structure of applications and tutorials
The new flexible and extensible modular solvers structure already provides most
of the simulation functionality needed for single phase, multiphase,
multicomponent etc. fluid flow problems as well as a very effective method of
combining these with solid heat transfer, solid stress, surface film to solve
complex multi-region, multi-physics problems and are now the primary mechanism
for the further development of OpenFOAM simulation capability in future. To
emphasis this for both users and developers the applications/solvers directory
has been separated into applications/modules containing all the solver modules:
├── modules
│ ├── compressibleMultiphaseVoF
│ ├── compressibleVoF
│ ├── film
│ ├── fluid
│ ├── fluidSolver
│ ├── functions
│ ├── incompressibleDenseParticleFluid
│ ├── incompressibleDriftFlux
│ ├── incompressibleFluid
│ ├── incompressibleMultiphaseVoF
│ ├── incompressibleVoF
│ ├── isothermalFilm
│ ├── isothermalFluid
│ ├── movingMesh
│ ├── multicomponentFluid
│ ├── multiphaseEuler
│ ├── multiphaseVoFSolver
│ ├── shockFluid
│ ├── solid
│ ├── solidDisplacement
│ ├── twoPhaseSolver
│ ├── twoPhaseVoFSolver
│ ├── VoFSolver
│ └── XiFluid
applications/solvers containing the foamRun and foamMultiRun solver applications
which instantiate and execute the chosen solver modules and also standalone
solver applications for special initialisation and test activities:
├── solvers
│ ├── boundaryFoam
│ ├── chemFoam
│ ├── foamMultiRun
│ ├── foamRun
│ └── potentialFoam
and applications/legacy containing legacy solver applications which are not
currently being actively developed but the functionality of which will be merged
into the solver modules or form the basis of new solver modules as the need
arises:
├── legacy
│ ├── basic
│ │ ├── financialFoam
│ │ └── laplacianFoam
│ ├── combustion
│ │ └── PDRFoam
│ ├── compressible
│ │ └── rhoPorousSimpleFoam
│ ├── electromagnetics
│ │ ├── electrostaticFoam
│ │ ├── magneticFoam
│ │ └── mhdFoam
│ ├── incompressible
│ │ ├── adjointShapeOptimisationFoam
│ │ ├── dnsFoam
│ │ ├── icoFoam
│ │ ├── porousSimpleFoam
│ │ └── shallowWaterFoam
│ └── lagrangian
│ ├── dsmcFoam
│ ├── mdEquilibrationFoam
│ └── mdFoam
Correspondingly the tutorials directory structure has been reorganised with the
modular solver directories at the top level with names that make it easier for
users to find example cases relating to their particular requirements and a
legacy sub-directory containing cases corresponding to the legacy solver
applications listed above:
├── compressibleMultiphaseVoF
│ └── damBreak4phaseLaminar
├── compressibleVoF
│ ├── ballValve
│ ├── climbingRod
│ ├── damBreak
│ ├── depthCharge2D
│ ├── depthCharge3D
│ ├── sloshingTank2D
│ └── throttle
├── film
│ └── rivuletPanel
├── fluid
│ ├── aerofoilNACA0012
│ ├── aerofoilNACA0012Steady
│ ├── angledDuct
│ ├── angledDuctExplicitFixedCoeff
│ ├── angledDuctLTS
│ ├── annularThermalMixer
│ ├── BernardCells
│ ├── blockedChannel
│ ├── buoyantCavity
│ ├── cavity
│ ├── decompressionTank
│ ├── externalCoupledCavity
│ ├── forwardStep
│ ├── helmholtzResonance
│ ├── hotRadiationRoom
│ ├── hotRadiationRoomFvDOM
│ ├── hotRoom
│ ├── hotRoomBoussinesq
│ ├── hotRoomBoussinesqSteady
│ ├── hotRoomComfort
│ ├── iglooWithFridges
│ ├── mixerVessel2DMRF
│ ├── nacaAirfoil
│ ├── pitzDaily
│ ├── prism
│ ├── shockTube
│ ├── squareBend
│ ├── squareBendLiq
│ └── squareBendLiqSteady
├── incompressibleDenseParticleFluid
│ ├── column
│ ├── cyclone
│ ├── Goldschmidt
│ ├── GoldschmidtMPPIC
│ └── injectionChannel
├── incompressibleDriftFlux
│ ├── dahl
│ ├── mixerVessel2DMRF
│ └── tank3D
├── incompressibleFluid
│ ├── airFoil2D
│ ├── ballValve
│ ├── blockedChannel
│ ├── cavity
│ ├── cavityCoupledU
│ ├── channel395
│ ├── drivaerFastback
│ ├── ductSecondaryFlow
│ ├── elipsekkLOmega
│ ├── flowWithOpenBoundary
│ ├── hopperParticles
│ ├── impeller
│ ├── mixerSRF
│ ├── mixerVessel2D
│ ├── mixerVessel2DMRF
│ ├── mixerVesselHorizontal2DParticles
│ ├── motorBike
│ ├── motorBikeSteady
│ ├── movingCone
│ ├── offsetCylinder
│ ├── oscillatingInlet
│ ├── pipeCyclic
│ ├── pitzDaily
│ ├── pitzDailyLES
│ ├── pitzDailyLESDevelopedInlet
│ ├── pitzDailyLTS
│ ├── pitzDailyPulse
│ ├── pitzDailyScalarTransport
│ ├── pitzDailySteady
│ ├── pitzDailySteadyExperimentalInlet
│ ├── pitzDailySteadyMappedToPart
│ ├── pitzDailySteadyMappedToRefined
│ ├── planarContraction
│ ├── planarCouette
│ ├── planarPoiseuille
│ ├── porousBlockage
│ ├── propeller
│ ├── roomResidenceTime
│ ├── rotor2DRotating
│ ├── rotor2DSRF
│ ├── rotorDisk
│ ├── T3A
│ ├── TJunction
│ ├── TJunctionFan
│ ├── turbineSiting
│ ├── waveSubSurface
│ ├── windAroundBuildings
│ └── wingMotion
├── incompressibleMultiphaseVoF
│ ├── damBreak4phase
│ ├── damBreak4phaseFineLaminar
│ ├── damBreak4phaseLaminar
│ └── mixerVessel2DMRF
├── incompressibleVoF
│ ├── angledDuct
│ ├── capillaryRise
│ ├── cavitatingBullet
│ ├── climbingRod
│ ├── containerDischarge2D
│ ├── damBreak
│ ├── damBreakLaminar
│ ├── damBreakPorousBaffle
│ ├── damBreakWithObstacle
│ ├── DTCHull
│ ├── DTCHullMoving
│ ├── DTCHullWave
│ ├── floatingObject
│ ├── floatingObjectWaves
│ ├── forcedUpstreamWave
│ ├── mixerVessel
│ ├── mixerVessel2DMRF
│ ├── mixerVesselHorizontal2D
│ ├── nozzleFlow2D
│ ├── planingHullW3
│ ├── propeller
│ ├── sloshingCylinder
│ ├── sloshingTank2D
│ ├── sloshingTank2D3DoF
│ ├── sloshingTank3D
│ ├── sloshingTank3D3DoF
│ ├── sloshingTank3D6DoF
│ ├── testTubeMixer
│ ├── waterChannel
│ ├── wave
│ ├── wave3D
│ └── weirOverflow
├── isothermalFilm
│ └── rivuletPanel
├── isothermalFluid
│ ├── potentialFreeSurfaceMovingOscillatingBox
│ └── potentialFreeSurfaceOscillatingBox
├── legacy
│ ├── basic
│ │ ├── financialFoam
│ │ │ └── europeanCall
│ │ └── laplacianFoam
│ │ └── flange
│ ├── combustion
│ │ └── PDRFoam
│ │ └── flamePropagationWithObstacles
│ ├── compressible
│ │ └── rhoPorousSimpleFoam
│ │ ├── angledDuctExplicit
│ │ └── angledDuctImplicit
│ ├── electromagnetics
│ │ ├── electrostaticFoam
│ │ │ └── chargedWire
│ │ └── mhdFoam
│ │ └── hartmann
│ ├── incompressible
│ │ ├── adjointShapeOptimisationFoam
│ │ │ └── pitzDaily
│ │ ├── dnsFoam
│ │ │ └── boxTurb16
│ │ ├── icoFoam
│ │ │ ├── cavity
│ │ │ └── elbow
│ │ ├── porousSimpleFoam
│ │ │ ├── angledDuctExplicit
│ │ │ └── angledDuctImplicit
│ │ └── shallowWaterFoam
│ │ └── squareBump
│ ├── lagrangian
│ │ ├── dsmcFoam
│ │ │ ├── freeSpacePeriodic
│ │ │ ├── freeSpaceStream
│ │ │ ├── supersonicCorner
│ │ │ └── wedge15Ma5
│ │ ├── mdEquilibrationFoam
│ │ │ ├── periodicCubeArgon
│ │ │ └── periodicCubeWater
│ │ └── mdFoam
│ │ └── nanoNozzle
├── mesh
│ ├── blockMesh
│ │ ├── pipe
│ │ ├── sphere
│ │ ├── sphere7
│ │ └── sphere7ProjectedEdges
│ ├── refineMesh
│ │ └── refineFieldDirs
│ └── snappyHexMesh
│ ├── flange
│ └── pipe
├── movingMesh
│ └── SnakeRiverCanyon
├── multicomponentFluid
│ ├── aachenBomb
│ ├── counterFlowFlame2D
│ ├── counterFlowFlame2D_GRI
│ ├── counterFlowFlame2D_GRI_TDAC
│ ├── counterFlowFlame2DLTS
│ ├── counterFlowFlame2DLTS_GRI_TDAC
│ ├── DLR_A_LTS
│ ├── filter
│ ├── lockExchange
│ ├── membrane
│ ├── nc7h16
│ ├── parcelInBox
│ ├── SandiaD_LTS
│ ├── simplifiedSiwek
│ ├── smallPoolFire2D
│ ├── smallPoolFire3D
│ ├── verticalChannel
│ ├── verticalChannelLTS
│ └── verticalChannelSteady
├── multiphaseEuler
│ ├── bed
│ ├── bubbleColumn
│ ├── bubbleColumnEvaporating
│ ├── bubbleColumnEvaporatingDissolving
│ ├── bubbleColumnEvaporatingReacting
│ ├── bubbleColumnIATE
│ ├── bubbleColumnLaminar
│ ├── bubbleColumnLES
│ ├── bubblePipe
│ ├── damBreak4phase
│ ├── fluidisedBed
│ ├── fluidisedBedLaminar
│ ├── Grossetete
│ ├── hydrofoil
│ ├── injection
│ ├── LBend
│ ├── mixerVessel2D
│ ├── mixerVessel2DMRF
│ ├── pipeBend
│ ├── steamInjection
│ ├── titaniaSynthesis
│ ├── titaniaSynthesisSurface
│ ├── wallBoilingIATE
│ ├── wallBoilingPolydisperse
│ └── wallBoilingPolydisperseTwoGroups
├── multiRegion
│ ├── CHT
│ │ ├── circuitBoardCooling
│ │ ├── coolingCylinder2D
│ │ ├── coolingSphere
│ │ ├── heatedDuct
│ │ ├── heatExchanger
│ │ ├── multiphaseCoolingCylinder2D
│ │ ├── reverseBurner
│ │ ├── shellAndTubeHeatExchanger
│ │ ├── VoFcoolingCylinder2D
│ │ └── wallBoiling
│ └── film
│ ├── cylinder
│ ├── cylinderDripping
│ ├── cylinderVoF
│ ├── hotBoxes
│ ├── rivuletBox
│ ├── rivuletPanel
│ ├── splashPanel
│ └── VoFToFilm
├── potentialFoam
│ ├── cylinder
│ └── pitzDaily
├── resources
│ ├── blockMesh
│ ├── geometry
│ └── thermoData
├── shockFluid
│ ├── biconic25-55Run35
│ ├── forwardStep
│ ├── LadenburgJet60psi
│ ├── movingCone
│ ├── obliqueShock
│ ├── shockTube
│ └── wedge15Ma5
├── solidDisplacement
│ ├── beamEndLoad
│ └── plateHole
└── XiFluid
├── kivaTest
└── moriyoshiHomogeneous
|
