turbulenceModels/LES: Added WALE model

Changed the tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/channel395 to demonstrate the WALE model

src/TurbulenceModels/compressible/turbulentFluidThermoModels/turbulentFluidThermoModels.C

@@ -72,6 +72,9 @@ makeRASModel(kOmegaSST);
 #include "Smagorinsky.H"
 makeLESModel(Smagorinsky);
 
+#include "WALE.H"
+makeLESModel(WALE);
+
 #include "kEqn.H"
 makeLESModel(kEqn);
 

src/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulentTransportModels/turbulentTransportModels.C

@@ -67,6 +67,9 @@ makeRASModel(kOmegaSST);
 #include "Smagorinsky.H"
 makeLESModel(Smagorinsky);
 
+#include "WALE.H"
+makeLESModel(WALE);
+
 #include "kEqn.H"
 makeLESModel(kEqn);
 

src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/LES/WALE/WALE.C

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "WALE.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace LESModels
+{
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+tmp<volSymmTensorField> WALE<BasicTurbulenceModel>::Sd
+(
+    const volTensorField& gradU
+) const
+{
+    return dev(symm(gradU & gradU));
+}
+
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+tmp<volScalarField> WALE<BasicTurbulenceModel>::k
+(
+    const volTensorField& gradU
+) const
+{
+    volScalarField magSqrSd(magSqr(Sd(gradU)));
+
+    return tmp<volScalarField>
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                IOobject::groupName("k", this->U_.group()),
+                this->runTime_.timeName(),
+                this->mesh_
+            ),
+            sqr(sqr(Cw_)*this->delta()/Ck_)*
+            (
+                pow3(magSqrSd)
+               /(
+                   sqr
+                   (
+                       pow(magSqr(symm(gradU)), 5.0/2.0)
+                     + pow(magSqrSd, 5.0/4.0)
+                   )
+                 + dimensionedScalar
+                   (
+                       "SMALL",
+                       dimensionSet(0, 0, -10, 0, 0),
+                       SMALL
+                   )
+               )
+            )
+        )
+    );
+}
+
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+void WALE<BasicTurbulenceModel>::correctNut()
+{
+    this->nut_ = Ck_*this->delta()*sqrt(this->k(fvc::grad(this->U_)));
+    this->nut_.correctBoundaryConditions();
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+WALE<BasicTurbulenceModel>::WALE
+(
+    const alphaField& alpha,
+    const rhoField& rho,
+    const volVectorField& U,
+    const surfaceScalarField& alphaRhoPhi,
+    const surfaceScalarField& phi,
+    const transportModel& transport,
+    const word& propertiesName,
+    const word& type
+)
+:
+    LESeddyViscosity<BasicTurbulenceModel>
+    (
+        type,
+        alpha,
+        rho,
+        U,
+        alphaRhoPhi,
+        phi,
+        transport,
+        propertiesName
+    ),
+
+    Ck_
+    (
+        dimensioned<scalar>::lookupOrAddToDict
+        (
+            "Ck",
+            this->coeffDict_,
+            0.094
+        )
+    ),
+
+    Cw_
+    (
+        dimensioned<scalar>::lookupOrAddToDict
+        (
+            "Cw",
+            this->coeffDict_,
+            0.325
+        )
+    )
+{
+    if (type == typeName)
+    {
+        correctNut();
+        this->printCoeffs(type);
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+bool WALE<BasicTurbulenceModel>::read()
+{
+    if (LESeddyViscosity<BasicTurbulenceModel>::read())
+    {
+        Ck_.readIfPresent(this->coeffDict());
+        Cw_.readIfPresent(this->coeffDict());
+
+        return true;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+tmp<volScalarField> WALE<BasicTurbulenceModel>::epsilon() const
+{
+    volScalarField k(this->k(fvc::grad(this->U_)));
+
+    return tmp<volScalarField>
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                IOobject::groupName("epsilon", this->U_.group()),
+                this->runTime_.timeName(),
+                this->mesh_,
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE
+            ),
+            this->Ce_*k*sqrt(k)/this->delta()
+        )
+    );
+}
+
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+void WALE<BasicTurbulenceModel>::correct()
+{
+    LESeddyViscosity<BasicTurbulenceModel>::correct();
+    correctNut();
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace LESModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

src/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/LES/WALE/WALE.H

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::LESModels::WALE
+
+Group
+    grpLESTurbulence
+
+Description
+    The Wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity (WALE) SGS model.
+
+    Reference:
+    \verbatim
+        Nicoud, F., & Ducros, F. (1999).
+        Subgrid-scale stress modelling based on the square of the velocity
+        gradient tensor.
+        Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, 62(3), 183-200.
+    \endverbatim
+
+    The default model coefficients correspond to the following:
+    \verbatim
+        WALECoeffs
+        {
+            Ck                  0.094;
+            Ce                  1.048;
+            Cw                  0.325;
+        }
+    \endverbatim
+
+SourceFiles
+    WALE.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef WALE_H
+#define WALE_H
+
+#include "LESModel.H"
+#include "LESeddyViscosity.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace LESModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                           Class WALE Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+template<class BasicTurbulenceModel>
+class WALE
+:
+    public LESeddyViscosity<BasicTurbulenceModel>
+{
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        // Disallow default bitwise copy construct and assignment
+        WALE(const WALE&);
+        WALE& operator=(const WALE&);
+
+
+protected:
+
+    // Protected data
+
+        dimensionedScalar Ck_;
+        dimensionedScalar Cw_;
+
+
+    // Protected Member Functions
+
+        //- Return the deviatoric symmetric part of the square of the given
+        //  velocity gradient field
+        tmp<volSymmTensorField> Sd(const volTensorField& gradU) const;
+
+        //- Return SGS kinetic energy
+        //  calculated from the given velocity gradient
+        tmp<volScalarField> k(const volTensorField& gradU) const;
+
+        //- Update the SGS eddy viscosity
+        virtual void correctNut();
+
+
+public:
+
+    typedef typename BasicTurbulenceModel::alphaField alphaField;
+    typedef typename BasicTurbulenceModel::rhoField rhoField;
+    typedef typename BasicTurbulenceModel::transportModel transportModel;
+
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("WALE");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        WALE
+        (
+            const alphaField& alpha,
+            const rhoField& rho,
+            const volVectorField& U,
+            const surfaceScalarField& alphaRhoPhi,
+            const surfaceScalarField& phi,
+            const transportModel& transport,
+            const word& propertiesName = turbulenceModel::propertiesName,
+            const word& type = typeName
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~WALE()
+    {}
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Read model coefficients if they have changed
+        virtual bool read();
+
+        //- Return SGS kinetic energy
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> k() const
+        {
+            return k(fvc::grad(this->U_));
+        }
+
+        //- Return sub-grid disipation rate
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> epsilon() const;
+
+        //- Correct Eddy-Viscosity and related properties
+        virtual void correct();
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace LESModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#ifdef NoRepository
+#   include "WALE.C"
+#endif
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/channel395/constant/turbulenceProperties

@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ simulationType LES;
 
 LES
 {
-    LESModel        SpalartAllmarasDDES; //kEqn;
+    LESModel        WALE;
 
     turbulence      on;
 
     printCoeffs     on;
 
-    delta           vanDriest;
+    delta           cubeRootVol;
 
     cubeRootVolCoeffs
     {