reactingEulerFoam: Added Coulaloglou and Tavlarides (1977) coalescence model

Patch contributed by Institute of Fluid Dynamics, Helmholtz-Zentrum

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/phaseSystems/Make/files

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ diameterModels/velocityGroup/sizeGroup/sizeGroup.C
 
 populationBalanceModel/coalescenceModels/coalescenceModel/coalescenceModel.C
 populationBalanceModel/coalescenceModels/constantCoalescence/constantCoalescence.C
+populationBalanceModel/coalescenceModels/CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence/CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence.C
 populationBalanceModel/coalescenceModels/hydrodynamic/hydrodynamic.C
 
 populationBalanceModel/binaryBreakupModels/binaryBreakupModel/binaryBreakupModel.C

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/phaseSystems/populationBalanceModel/coalescenceModels/CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence/CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence.C

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace diameterModels
+{
+namespace coalescenceModels
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable
+    (
+        coalescenceModel,
+        CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence,
+        dictionary
+    );
+}
+}
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::diameterModels::coalescenceModels::CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence::
+CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence
+(
+    const populationBalanceModel& popBal,
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+:
+    coalescenceModel(popBal, dict),
+    C1_("C1", dimless, dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("C1", 2.8)),
+    C2_("C2", inv(dimArea), dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("C2", 1.83e9))
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void
+Foam::diameterModels::coalescenceModels::CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence::
+addToCoalescenceRate
+(
+    volScalarField& coalescenceRate,
+    const label i,
+    const label j
+)
+{
+    const phaseModel& continuousPhase = popBal_.continuousPhase();
+    const sizeGroup& fi = *popBal_.sizeGroups()[i];
+    const sizeGroup& fj = *popBal_.sizeGroups()[j];
+
+    coalescenceRate +=
+        C1_*(pow(fi.x(), 2.0/3.0) + pow(fj.x(), 2.0/3.0))
+       *sqrt(pow(fi.x(), 2.0/9.0) + pow(fj.x(), 2.0/9.0))
+       *cbrt(continuousTurbulence().epsilon())/(1 + popBal_.alphas())
+       *exp
+        (
+          - C2_*continuousPhase.mu()*continuousPhase.rho()
+           *continuousTurbulence().epsilon()
+           /sqr(sigma(fi.phase().name(), continuousPhase.name()))
+           /pow3(1 + popBal_.alphas())
+           *pow4(cbrt(fi.x())*cbrt(fj.x())/(cbrt(fi.x()) + cbrt(fj.x())))
+        );
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/phaseSystems/populationBalanceModel/coalescenceModels/CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence/CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence.H

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2018 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::diameterModels::coalescenceModels::CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence
+
+Description
+    Model of Coulaloglou and Tavlarides (1977). The coalescence rate is
+    calculated by
+
+        \f[
+            C_1 (v_i^{2/3} + v_j^{2/3}) (v_i^{2/9} + v_j^{2/9})^{1/2}
+            \frac{\epsilon_c^{1/3}}{1 + \alpha_d}
+            \text{exp}
+            \left[
+              - C_2 \frac{\mu_c \rho_c}{\sigma^2}
+                \frac{\epsilon_c}{(1 + \alpha_d)^{3}}
+                \left(
+                    \frac{v_i^{1/3} v_j^{1/3}}{v_i^{1/3} + v_j^{1/3}}
+                \right)^{4}
+            \right]
+        \f]
+
+    where
+
+    \vartable
+        \sigma      |  Surface tension [N/m]
+        v_i         |  Volume of bubble i [m3]
+        v_j         |  Volume of bubble j [m3]
+        \epsilon_c  |  Turbulent dissipation rate of continuous phase [m2/s3]
+        \alpha_d    |  Total void fraction of disperse phase [-]
+        \mu_c       |  Molecular dynamic viscosity of liquid phase [Pa s]
+        \rho_c      |  Density of continous phase [kg/m3]
+    \endvartable
+
+    References:
+    \verbatim
+        "Description of interaction processes in agitated liquid-liquid
+         dispersions"
+        Coulaloglou, C.A., Tavlarides, L.L.
+        Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 32, Issue 11, 1977, pp. 1289-1297
+        Eq. 37, p. 1294
+    \endverbatim
+
+Usage
+    \table
+        Property     | Description             | Required    | Default value
+        C1           | Coefficient C1          | no          | 2.8
+        C2           | Coefficient C2          | no          | 1.83e9
+    \endtable
+
+SourceFiles
+    CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence_H
+#define CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence_H
+
+#include "coalescenceModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace diameterModels
+{
+namespace coalescenceModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+              Class CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence
+:
+    public coalescenceModel
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Optional coefficient C1, defaults to 2.8
+        dimensionedScalar C1_;
+
+        //- Optional coefficient C2, defaults to 1.83e9
+        dimensionedScalar C2_;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("CoulaloglouTavlarides");
+
+    // Constructor
+
+        CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence
+        (
+            const populationBalanceModel& popBal,
+            const dictionary& dict
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~CoulaloglouTavlaridesCoalescence()
+    {}
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Add to coalescenceRate
+        virtual void addToCoalescenceRate
+        (
+            volScalarField& coalescenceRate,
+            const label i,
+            const label j
+        );
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace coalescenceModels
+} // End namespace diameterModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //