mirror of
https://github.com/OpenFOAM/OpenFOAM-6.git
synced 2025-12-08 06:57:46 +00:00
714 lines
19 KiB
C
714 lines
19 KiB
C
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
|
========= |
|
|
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
|
\\ / O peration |
|
|
\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2013-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
|
|
\\/ M anipulation |
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
License
|
|
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
|
|
|
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
|
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
|
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
|
(at your option) any later version.
|
|
|
|
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
|
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
|
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
|
for more details.
|
|
|
|
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
|
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
|
|
|
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
|
|
|
#include "multiphaseSystem.H"
|
|
#include "alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField.H"
|
|
|
|
#include "MULES.H"
|
|
#include "subCycle.H"
|
|
|
|
#include "fvcDdt.H"
|
|
#include "fvcDiv.H"
|
|
#include "fvcSnGrad.H"
|
|
#include "fvcFlux.H"
|
|
#include "fvcMeshPhi.H"
|
|
#include "fvcSup.H"
|
|
|
|
#include "fvmDdt.H"
|
|
#include "fvmLaplacian.H"
|
|
#include "fvmSup.H"
|
|
|
|
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Member Data * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
|
|
|
namespace Foam
|
|
{
|
|
defineTypeNameAndDebug(multiphaseSystem, 0);
|
|
defineRunTimeSelectionTable(multiphaseSystem, dictionary);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
const Foam::scalar Foam::multiphaseSystem::convertToRad =
|
|
Foam::constant::mathematical::pi/180.0;
|
|
|
|
|
|
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
|
|
|
void Foam::multiphaseSystem::calcAlphas()
|
|
{
|
|
scalar level = 0.0;
|
|
alphas_ == 0.0;
|
|
|
|
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
alphas_ += level*iter();
|
|
level += 1.0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
alphas_.correctBoundaryConditions();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
void Foam::multiphaseSystem::solveAlphas()
|
|
{
|
|
PtrList<surfaceScalarField> alphaPhiCorrs(phases().size());
|
|
int phasei = 0;
|
|
|
|
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
phaseModel& phase = iter();
|
|
volScalarField& alpha1 = phase;
|
|
|
|
phase.alphaPhi() =
|
|
dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(0, 3, -1, 0, 0), 0);
|
|
|
|
alphaPhiCorrs.set
|
|
(
|
|
phasei,
|
|
new surfaceScalarField
|
|
(
|
|
"phi" + alpha1.name() + "Corr",
|
|
fvc::flux
|
|
(
|
|
phi_,
|
|
phase,
|
|
"div(phi," + alpha1.name() + ')'
|
|
)
|
|
)
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
surfaceScalarField& alphaPhiCorr = alphaPhiCorrs[phasei];
|
|
|
|
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter2)
|
|
{
|
|
phaseModel& phase2 = iter2();
|
|
volScalarField& alpha2 = phase2;
|
|
|
|
if (&phase2 == &phase) continue;
|
|
|
|
surfaceScalarField phir(phase.phi() - phase2.phi());
|
|
|
|
cAlphaTable::const_iterator cAlpha
|
|
(
|
|
cAlphas_.find(phasePairKey(phase.name(), phase2.name()))
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
if (cAlpha != cAlphas_.end())
|
|
{
|
|
surfaceScalarField phic
|
|
(
|
|
(mag(phi_) + mag(phir))/mesh_.magSf()
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
phir += min(cAlpha()*phic, max(phic))*nHatf(phase, phase2);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
word phirScheme
|
|
(
|
|
"div(phir," + alpha2.name() + ',' + alpha1.name() + ')'
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
alphaPhiCorr += fvc::flux
|
|
(
|
|
-fvc::flux(-phir, phase2, phirScheme),
|
|
phase,
|
|
phirScheme
|
|
);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Ensure that the flux at inflow BCs is preserved
|
|
forAll(alphaPhiCorr.boundaryField(), patchi)
|
|
{
|
|
fvsPatchScalarField& alphaPhiCorrp =
|
|
alphaPhiCorr.boundaryField()[patchi];
|
|
|
|
if (!alphaPhiCorrp.coupled())
|
|
{
|
|
const scalarField& phi1p = phase.phi().boundaryField()[patchi];
|
|
const scalarField& alpha1p = alpha1.boundaryField()[patchi];
|
|
|
|
forAll(alphaPhiCorrp, facei)
|
|
{
|
|
if (phi1p[facei] < 0)
|
|
{
|
|
alphaPhiCorrp[facei] = alpha1p[facei]*phi1p[facei];
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
MULES::limit
|
|
(
|
|
1.0/mesh_.time().deltaT().value(),
|
|
geometricOneField(),
|
|
phase,
|
|
phi_,
|
|
alphaPhiCorr,
|
|
zeroField(),
|
|
zeroField(),
|
|
phase.alphaMax(),
|
|
0,
|
|
true
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
phasei++;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
MULES::limitSum(alphaPhiCorrs);
|
|
|
|
volScalarField sumAlpha
|
|
(
|
|
IOobject
|
|
(
|
|
"sumAlpha",
|
|
mesh_.time().timeName(),
|
|
mesh_
|
|
),
|
|
mesh_,
|
|
dimensionedScalar("sumAlpha", dimless, 0)
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
|
|
volScalarField divU(fvc::div(fvc::absolute(phi_, phases().first().U())));
|
|
|
|
phasei = 0;
|
|
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
phaseModel& phase = iter();
|
|
volScalarField& alpha = phase;
|
|
|
|
surfaceScalarField& alphaPhic = alphaPhiCorrs[phasei];
|
|
alphaPhic += upwind<scalar>(mesh_, phi_).flux(phase);
|
|
|
|
volScalarField::DimensionedInternalField Sp
|
|
(
|
|
IOobject
|
|
(
|
|
"Sp",
|
|
mesh_.time().timeName(),
|
|
mesh_
|
|
),
|
|
mesh_,
|
|
dimensionedScalar("Sp", phase.divU().dimensions(), 0.0)
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
volScalarField::DimensionedInternalField Su
|
|
(
|
|
IOobject
|
|
(
|
|
"Su",
|
|
mesh_.time().timeName(),
|
|
mesh_
|
|
),
|
|
// Divergence term is handled explicitly to be
|
|
// consistent with the explicit transport solution
|
|
divU*min(alpha, scalar(1))
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
if (phase.compressible())
|
|
{
|
|
const scalarField& dgdt = phase.divU();
|
|
|
|
forAll(dgdt, celli)
|
|
{
|
|
if (dgdt[celli] > 0.0)
|
|
{
|
|
Sp[celli] -= dgdt[celli];
|
|
Su[celli] += dgdt[celli];
|
|
}
|
|
else if (dgdt[celli] < 0.0)
|
|
{
|
|
Sp[celli] +=
|
|
dgdt[celli]
|
|
*(1.0 - alpha[celli])/max(alpha[celli], 1e-4);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
forAllConstIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter2)
|
|
{
|
|
const phaseModel& phase2 = iter2();
|
|
const volScalarField& alpha2 = phase2;
|
|
|
|
if (&phase2 == &phase) continue;
|
|
|
|
if (phase2.compressible())
|
|
{
|
|
const scalarField& dgdt2 = phase2.divU();
|
|
|
|
forAll(dgdt2, celli)
|
|
{
|
|
if (dgdt2[celli] < 0.0)
|
|
{
|
|
Sp[celli] +=
|
|
dgdt2[celli]
|
|
*(1.0 - alpha2[celli])/max(alpha2[celli], 1e-4);
|
|
|
|
Su[celli] -=
|
|
dgdt2[celli]
|
|
*alpha[celli]/max(alpha2[celli], 1e-4);
|
|
}
|
|
else if (dgdt2[celli] > 0.0)
|
|
{
|
|
Sp[celli] -= dgdt2[celli];
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
MULES::explicitSolve
|
|
(
|
|
geometricOneField(),
|
|
alpha,
|
|
alphaPhic,
|
|
Sp,
|
|
Su
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
phase.alphaPhi() += alphaPhic;
|
|
|
|
Info<< phase.name() << " volume fraction, min, max = "
|
|
<< phase.weightedAverage(mesh_.V()).value()
|
|
<< ' ' << min(phase).value()
|
|
<< ' ' << max(phase).value()
|
|
<< endl;
|
|
|
|
sumAlpha += phase;
|
|
|
|
phasei++;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Info<< "Phase-sum volume fraction, min, max = "
|
|
<< sumAlpha.weightedAverage(mesh_.V()).value()
|
|
<< ' ' << min(sumAlpha).value()
|
|
<< ' ' << max(sumAlpha).value()
|
|
<< endl;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceVectorField> Foam::multiphaseSystem::nHatfv
|
|
(
|
|
const volScalarField& alpha1,
|
|
const volScalarField& alpha2
|
|
) const
|
|
{
|
|
/*
|
|
// Cell gradient of alpha
|
|
volVectorField gradAlpha =
|
|
alpha2*fvc::grad(alpha1) - alpha1*fvc::grad(alpha2);
|
|
|
|
// Interpolated face-gradient of alpha
|
|
surfaceVectorField gradAlphaf = fvc::interpolate(gradAlpha);
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
surfaceVectorField gradAlphaf
|
|
(
|
|
fvc::interpolate(alpha2)*fvc::interpolate(fvc::grad(alpha1))
|
|
- fvc::interpolate(alpha1)*fvc::interpolate(fvc::grad(alpha2))
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
// Face unit interface normal
|
|
return gradAlphaf/(mag(gradAlphaf) + deltaN_);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::multiphaseSystem::nHatf
|
|
(
|
|
const volScalarField& alpha1,
|
|
const volScalarField& alpha2
|
|
) const
|
|
{
|
|
// Face unit interface normal flux
|
|
return nHatfv(alpha1, alpha2) & mesh_.Sf();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Correction for the boundary condition on the unit normal nHat on
|
|
// walls to produce the correct contact angle.
|
|
|
|
// The dynamic contact angle is calculated from the component of the
|
|
// velocity on the direction of the interface, parallel to the wall.
|
|
|
|
void Foam::multiphaseSystem::correctContactAngle
|
|
(
|
|
const phaseModel& phase1,
|
|
const phaseModel& phase2,
|
|
surfaceVectorField::GeometricBoundaryField& nHatb
|
|
) const
|
|
{
|
|
const volScalarField::GeometricBoundaryField& gbf
|
|
= phase1.boundaryField();
|
|
|
|
const fvBoundaryMesh& boundary = mesh_.boundary();
|
|
|
|
forAll(boundary, patchi)
|
|
{
|
|
if (isA<alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField>(gbf[patchi]))
|
|
{
|
|
const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField& acap =
|
|
refCast<const alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField>(gbf[patchi]);
|
|
|
|
vectorField& nHatPatch = nHatb[patchi];
|
|
|
|
vectorField AfHatPatch
|
|
(
|
|
mesh_.Sf().boundaryField()[patchi]
|
|
/mesh_.magSf().boundaryField()[patchi]
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
alphaContactAngleFvPatchScalarField::thetaPropsTable::
|
|
const_iterator tp =
|
|
acap.thetaProps()
|
|
.find(phasePairKey(phase1.name(), phase2.name()));
|
|
|
|
if (tp == acap.thetaProps().end())
|
|
{
|
|
FatalErrorIn
|
|
(
|
|
"multiphaseSystem::correctContactAngle"
|
|
"(const phaseModel& phase1, const phaseModel& phase2, "
|
|
"fvPatchVectorFieldField& nHatb) const"
|
|
) << "Cannot find interface "
|
|
<< phasePairKey(phase1.name(), phase2.name())
|
|
<< "\n in table of theta properties for patch "
|
|
<< acap.patch().name()
|
|
<< exit(FatalError);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
bool matched = (tp.key().first() == phase1.name());
|
|
|
|
scalar theta0 = convertToRad*tp().theta0(matched);
|
|
scalarField theta(boundary[patchi].size(), theta0);
|
|
|
|
scalar uTheta = tp().uTheta();
|
|
|
|
// Calculate the dynamic contact angle if required
|
|
if (uTheta > SMALL)
|
|
{
|
|
scalar thetaA = convertToRad*tp().thetaA(matched);
|
|
scalar thetaR = convertToRad*tp().thetaR(matched);
|
|
|
|
// Calculated the component of the velocity parallel to the wall
|
|
vectorField Uwall
|
|
(
|
|
phase1.U()().boundaryField()[patchi].patchInternalField()
|
|
- phase1.U()().boundaryField()[patchi]
|
|
);
|
|
Uwall -= (AfHatPatch & Uwall)*AfHatPatch;
|
|
|
|
// Find the direction of the interface parallel to the wall
|
|
vectorField nWall
|
|
(
|
|
nHatPatch - (AfHatPatch & nHatPatch)*AfHatPatch
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
// Normalise nWall
|
|
nWall /= (mag(nWall) + SMALL);
|
|
|
|
// Calculate Uwall resolved normal to the interface parallel to
|
|
// the interface
|
|
scalarField uwall(nWall & Uwall);
|
|
|
|
theta += (thetaA - thetaR)*tanh(uwall/uTheta);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Reset nHatPatch to correspond to the contact angle
|
|
|
|
scalarField a12(nHatPatch & AfHatPatch);
|
|
|
|
scalarField b1(cos(theta));
|
|
|
|
scalarField b2(nHatPatch.size());
|
|
|
|
forAll(b2, facei)
|
|
{
|
|
b2[facei] = cos(acos(a12[facei]) - theta[facei]);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
scalarField det(1.0 - a12*a12);
|
|
|
|
scalarField a((b1 - a12*b2)/det);
|
|
scalarField b((b2 - a12*b1)/det);
|
|
|
|
nHatPatch = a*AfHatPatch + b*nHatPatch;
|
|
|
|
nHatPatch /= (mag(nHatPatch) + deltaN_.value());
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::multiphaseSystem::K
|
|
(
|
|
const phaseModel& phase1,
|
|
const phaseModel& phase2
|
|
) const
|
|
{
|
|
tmp<surfaceVectorField> tnHatfv = nHatfv(phase1, phase2);
|
|
|
|
correctContactAngle(phase1, phase2, tnHatfv().boundaryField());
|
|
|
|
// Simple expression for curvature
|
|
return -fvc::div(tnHatfv & mesh_.Sf());
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
|
|
|
Foam::multiphaseSystem::multiphaseSystem
|
|
(
|
|
const fvMesh& mesh
|
|
)
|
|
:
|
|
phaseSystem(mesh),
|
|
|
|
alphas_
|
|
(
|
|
IOobject
|
|
(
|
|
"alphas",
|
|
mesh.time().timeName(),
|
|
mesh,
|
|
IOobject::NO_READ,
|
|
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
|
|
),
|
|
mesh,
|
|
dimensionedScalar("alphas", dimless, 0.0),
|
|
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField::typeName
|
|
),
|
|
|
|
cAlphas_(lookup("interfaceCompression")),
|
|
|
|
deltaN_
|
|
(
|
|
"deltaN",
|
|
1e-8/pow(average(mesh.V()), 1.0/3.0)
|
|
)
|
|
{
|
|
forAllIter(phaseSystem::phaseModelTable, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
volScalarField& alphai = iter();
|
|
mesh.setFluxRequired(alphai.name());
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
|
|
|
Foam::multiphaseSystem::~multiphaseSystem()
|
|
{}
|
|
|
|
|
|
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
|
|
|
Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::multiphaseSystem::surfaceTension
|
|
(
|
|
const phaseModel& phase1
|
|
) const
|
|
{
|
|
tmp<surfaceScalarField> tSurfaceTension
|
|
(
|
|
new surfaceScalarField
|
|
(
|
|
IOobject
|
|
(
|
|
"surfaceTension",
|
|
mesh_.time().timeName(),
|
|
mesh_
|
|
),
|
|
mesh_,
|
|
dimensionedScalar
|
|
(
|
|
"surfaceTension",
|
|
dimensionSet(1, -2, -2, 0, 0),
|
|
0
|
|
)
|
|
)
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
forAllConstIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
const phaseModel& phase2 = iter();
|
|
|
|
if (&phase2 != &phase1)
|
|
{
|
|
phasePairKey key12(phase1.name(), phase2.name());
|
|
|
|
cAlphaTable::const_iterator cAlpha(cAlphas_.find(key12));
|
|
|
|
if (cAlpha != cAlphas_.end())
|
|
{
|
|
tSurfaceTension() +=
|
|
fvc::interpolate(sigma(key12)*K(phase1, phase2))
|
|
*(
|
|
fvc::interpolate(phase2)*fvc::snGrad(phase1)
|
|
- fvc::interpolate(phase1)*fvc::snGrad(phase2)
|
|
);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return tSurfaceTension;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
|
|
Foam::multiphaseSystem::nearInterface() const
|
|
{
|
|
tmp<volScalarField> tnearInt
|
|
(
|
|
new volScalarField
|
|
(
|
|
IOobject
|
|
(
|
|
"nearInterface",
|
|
mesh_.time().timeName(),
|
|
mesh_
|
|
),
|
|
mesh_,
|
|
dimensionedScalar("nearInterface", dimless, 0.0)
|
|
)
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
forAllConstIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
tnearInt() = max(tnearInt(), pos(iter() - 0.01)*pos(0.99 - iter()));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return tnearInt;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
void Foam::multiphaseSystem::solve()
|
|
{
|
|
const fvMesh& mesh = this->mesh();
|
|
const Time& runTime = mesh.time();
|
|
|
|
const dictionary& alphaControls = mesh_.solverDict("alpha");
|
|
label nAlphaSubCycles(readLabel(alphaControls.lookup("nAlphaSubCycles")));
|
|
|
|
bool LTS = fv::localEulerDdt::enabled(mesh);
|
|
|
|
if (nAlphaSubCycles > 1)
|
|
{
|
|
tmp<volScalarField> trSubDeltaT;
|
|
|
|
if (LTS)
|
|
{
|
|
trSubDeltaT =
|
|
fv::localEulerDdt::localRSubDeltaT(mesh, nAlphaSubCycles);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
dimensionedScalar totalDeltaT = runTime.deltaT();
|
|
|
|
PtrList<volScalarField> alpha0s(phases().size());
|
|
PtrList<surfaceScalarField> phiSums(phases().size());
|
|
|
|
int phasei = 0;
|
|
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
phaseModel& phase = iter();
|
|
volScalarField& alpha = phase;
|
|
|
|
alpha0s.set
|
|
(
|
|
phasei,
|
|
new volScalarField(alpha.oldTime())
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
phiSums.set
|
|
(
|
|
phasei,
|
|
new surfaceScalarField
|
|
(
|
|
IOobject
|
|
(
|
|
"phiSum" + alpha.name(),
|
|
runTime.timeName(),
|
|
mesh_
|
|
),
|
|
mesh_,
|
|
dimensionedScalar("0", dimensionSet(0, 3, -1, 0, 0), 0)
|
|
)
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
phasei++;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
for
|
|
(
|
|
subCycleTime alphaSubCycle
|
|
(
|
|
const_cast<Time&>(runTime),
|
|
nAlphaSubCycles
|
|
);
|
|
!(++alphaSubCycle).end();
|
|
)
|
|
{
|
|
solveAlphas();
|
|
|
|
int phasei = 0;
|
|
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
phiSums[phasei] += iter().phi();
|
|
phasei++;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
phasei = 0;
|
|
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
phaseModel& phase = iter();
|
|
volScalarField& alpha = phase;
|
|
|
|
phase.phi() = phiSums[phasei]/nAlphaSubCycles;
|
|
|
|
// Correct the time index of the field
|
|
// to correspond to the global time
|
|
alpha.timeIndex() = runTime.timeIndex();
|
|
|
|
// Reset the old-time field value
|
|
alpha.oldTime() = alpha0s[phasei];
|
|
alpha.oldTime().timeIndex() = runTime.timeIndex();
|
|
|
|
phasei++;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
else
|
|
{
|
|
solveAlphas();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
forAllIter(PtrDictionary<phaseModel>, phases(), iter)
|
|
{
|
|
phaseModel& phase = iter();
|
|
phase.alphaRhoPhi() = fvc::interpolate(phase.rho())*phase.alphaPhi();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
calcAlphas();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
// ************************************************************************* //
|