diff --git a/applications/solvers/dsmc/dsmcFoam/Make/files b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/dsmc/dsmcFoam/Make/files
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/dsmc/dsmcFoam/Make/files
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/dsmc/dsmcFoam/Make/files
diff --git a/applications/solvers/dsmc/dsmcFoam/Make/options b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/dsmc/dsmcFoam/Make/options
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/dsmc/dsmcFoam/Make/options
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/dsmc/dsmcFoam/Make/options
diff --git a/applications/solvers/dsmc/dsmcFoam/createFields.H b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/dsmc/dsmcFoam/createFields.H
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/dsmc/dsmcFoam/createFields.H
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/dsmc/dsmcFoam/createFields.H
diff --git a/applications/solvers/dsmc/dsmcFoam/dsmcFoam.C b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/dsmc/dsmcFoam/dsmcFoam.C
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/dsmc/dsmcFoam/dsmcFoam.C
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/dsmc/dsmcFoam/dsmcFoam.C
diff --git a/applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Make/files b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Make/files
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Make/files
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Make/files
diff --git a/applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Make/options b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Make/options
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Make/options
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Make/options
diff --git a/applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/mdEquilibrationFoam.C b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/mdEquilibrationFoam.C
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/mdEquilibrationFoam.C
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/mdEquilibrationFoam.C
diff --git a/applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/readmdEquilibrationDict.H b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/readmdEquilibrationDict.H
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/readmdEquilibrationDict.H
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/readmdEquilibrationDict.H
diff --git a/applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/Make/files b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/Make/files
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/Make/files
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/Make/files
diff --git a/applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/Make/options b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/Make/options
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/Make/options
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/Make/options
diff --git a/applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/mdFoam.C b/applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/mdFoam.C
similarity index 100%
rename from applications/solvers/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/mdFoam.C
rename to applications/solvers/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdFoam/mdFoam.C
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/createFields.H b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/createFields.H
index ff3f9c5169..bc798ba988 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/createFields.H
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/createFields.H
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
     Info<< "Reading field p\n" << endl;
     volScalarField p
     (
@@ -33,7 +32,7 @@
 
     label pRefCell = 0;
     scalar pRefValue = 0.0;
-    setRefCell(p, mesh.solutionDict().subDict("PISO"), pRefCell, pRefValue);
+    setRefCell(p, mesh.solutionDict().subDict("PIMPLE"), pRefCell, pRefValue);
 
     singlePhaseTransportModel laminarTransport(U, phi);
 
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/pimpleDyMFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/pimpleDyMFoam.C
index b705d2bbb7..66692cc4a8 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/pimpleDyMFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/pimpleDyMFoam.C
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ License
     Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 
 Application
-    turbDyMFoam
+    pimpleDyMFoam.C
 
 Description
     Transient solver for incompressible, flow of Newtonian fluids
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 #   include "createTime.H"
 #   include "createDynamicFvMesh.H"
-#   include "readPISOControls.H"
+#   include "readPIMPLEControls.H"
 #   include "initContinuityErrs.H"
 #   include "createFields.H"
 #   include "readTimeControls.H"
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/readControls.H b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/readControls.H
index 9336616a1b..3bd20c5c5c 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/readControls.H
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/readControls.H
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 #   include "readTimeControls.H"
-#   include "readPISOControls.H"
+#   include "readPIMPLEControls.H"
 
     bool correctPhi = false;
-    if (piso.found("correctPhi"))
+    if (pimple.found("correctPhi"))
     {
-        correctPhi = Switch(piso.lookup("correctPhi"));
+        correctPhi = Switch(pimple.lookup("correctPhi"));
     }
 
     bool checkMeshCourantNo = false;
-    if (piso.found("checkMeshCourantNo"))
+    if (pimple.found("checkMeshCourantNo"))
     {
-        checkMeshCourantNo = Switch(piso.lookup("checkMeshCourantNo"));
+        checkMeshCourantNo = Switch(pimple.lookup("checkMeshCourantNo"));
     }
diff --git a/applications/test/UIndirectListTest/UIndirectListTest.C b/applications/test/UIndirectListTest/UIndirectListTest.C
index 575173c51e..9c619a4b99 100644
--- a/applications/test/UIndirectListTest/UIndirectListTest.C
+++ b/applications/test/UIndirectListTest/UIndirectListTest.C
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ Description
 
 #include "UIndirectList.H"
 #include "IOstreams.H"
+#include "ListOps.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
 
 using namespace Foam;
 
@@ -52,29 +54,32 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
     UIndirectList<double> idl(completeList, addresses);
 
-    forAll(idl, i)
-    {
-        Info<< idl[i] << token::SPACE;
-    }
-
-    Info<< endl;
+    Info<< idl << "\n";
 
     idl[1] = -666;
 
-    Info<< "idl[1] changed:" << idl() << endl;
+    Info<< "idl[1] changed:" << idl << endl;
 
     idl = -999;
 
-    Info<< "idl changed:" << idl() << endl;
+    Info<< "idl changed:" << idl << endl;
 
     UIndirectList<double> idl2(idl);
 
-    Info<< "idl2:" << idl2() << endl;
+    Info<< "idl2: " << idl2 << endl;
 
-    idl = idl2();
 
-    Info<< "idl assigned from UList:" << idl() << endl;
+    {
+        List<double> ident(idl.size());
 
+        forAll(ident, i)
+        {
+            ident[i] = ident.size() - i;
+        }
+        idl = ident;
+    }
+
+    Info<< "idl assigned from UList:" << idl << endl;
 
     List<double> realList = UIndirectList<double>(completeList, addresses);
 
diff --git a/applications/test/string/stringTest.C b/applications/test/string/stringTest.C
index b8442102f3..2ed59bf88f 100644
--- a/applications/test/string/stringTest.C
+++ b/applications/test/string/stringTest.C
@@ -70,6 +70,28 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     string test2("~OpenFOAM/controlDict");
     Info<< test2 << " => " << test2.expand() << endl;
 
+    // replace controlDict with "newName"
+    {
+        string::size_type i = test2.rfind('/');
+
+        if (i == string::npos)
+        {
+            test2 = "newName";
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // this uses the std::string::replace
+            test2.replace(i+1, string::npos, "newName");
+        }
+        Info<< "after replace: " << test2 << endl;
+
+        // do another replace
+        // this uses the Foam::string::replace
+        test2.replace("OpenFOAM", "openfoam");
+
+        Info<< "after replace: " << test2 << endl;
+    }
+
     string s;
     Sin.getLine(s);
 
@@ -78,8 +100,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     cout<< "output string with " << s2.length() << " characters\n";
     cout<< "ostream<<  >" << s2 << "<\n";
     Info<< "Ostream<<  >" << s2 << "<\n";
-    Info<< "hash:" << unsigned(string::hash()(s2)) << endl;
-
+    Info<< "hash:" << hex << string::hash()(s2) << endl;
 
     Info << "End\n" << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/test/volPointInterpolation/volPointInterpolationTest.C b/applications/test/volPointInterpolation/volPointInterpolationTest.C
index 07329ac349..d44dcf9fa4 100644
--- a/applications/test/volPointInterpolation/volPointInterpolationTest.C
+++ b/applications/test/volPointInterpolation/volPointInterpolationTest.C
@@ -68,8 +68,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         mesh
     );
 
-    pointMesh pMesh(mesh);
-    volPointInterpolation pInterp(mesh, pMesh);
+    const volPointInterpolation& pInterp = volPointInterpolation::New(mesh);
 
     pointScalarField pp(pInterp.interpolate(p));
     pp.write();
diff --git a/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/estimateScalarError/estimateScalarError.C b/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/estimateScalarError/estimateScalarError.C
index c90594ff24..9fb3a646d6 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/estimateScalarError/estimateScalarError.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/estimateScalarError/estimateScalarError.C
@@ -39,24 +39,17 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-
-    Info<< "\nEstimating error in scalar transport equation\n" << endl;
-
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    Info<< "Reading transportProperties\n" << endl;
+    Info<< "\nEstimating error in scalar transport equation\n"
+        << "Reading transportProperties\n" << endl;
 
     IOdictionary transportProperties
     (
@@ -79,9 +72,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     );
 
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/icoErrorEstimate/icoErrorEstimate.C b/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/icoErrorEstimate/icoErrorEstimate.C
index 5ce860640d..c236b76eb4 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/icoErrorEstimate/icoErrorEstimate.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/icoErrorEstimate/icoErrorEstimate.C
@@ -38,25 +38,17 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-
-    Info<< "\nEstimating error in the incompressible momentum equation\n"
-        << endl;
-
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    Info<< "Reading transportProperties\n" << endl;
+    Info<< "\nEstimating error in the incompressible momentum equation\n"
+        << "Reading transportProperties\n" << endl;
 
     IOdictionary transportProperties
     (
@@ -75,9 +67,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         transportProperties.lookup("nu")
     );
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/icoMomentError/icoMomentError.C b/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/icoMomentError/icoMomentError.C
index 5810d64ca7..67551e1eec 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/icoMomentError/icoMomentError.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/icoMomentError/icoMomentError.C
@@ -39,25 +39,17 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-
-    Info<< "\nEstimating error in the incompressible momentum equation\n"
-        << endl;
-
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    Info<< "Reading transportProperties\n" << endl;
+    Info<< "\nEstimating error in the incompressible momentum equation\n"
+        << "Reading transportProperties\n" << endl;
 
     IOdictionary transportProperties
     (
@@ -76,9 +68,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         transportProperties.lookup("nu")
     );
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/momentScalarError/momentScalarError.C b/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/momentScalarError/momentScalarError.C
index b1e1395bda..f1767e75b0 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/momentScalarError/momentScalarError.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/errorEstimation/momentScalarError/momentScalarError.C
@@ -40,24 +40,17 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-
-    Info<< "\nEstimating error in scalar transport equation\n" << endl;
-
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    Info<< "Reading transportProperties\n" << endl;
+    Info<< "\nEstimating error in scalar transport equation\n"
+        << "Reading transportProperties\n" << endl;
 
     IOdictionary transportProperties
     (
@@ -80,9 +73,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     );
 
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/foamToStarMesh/foamToStarMesh.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/foamToStarMesh/foamToStarMesh.C
index 0a4f6d6027..5cdbcb77e8 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/foamToStarMesh/foamToStarMesh.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/foamToStarMesh/foamToStarMesh.C
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ See Also
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "argList.H"
+#include "timeSelector.H"
 #include "Time.H"
 #include "polyMesh.H"
 #include "STARCDMeshWriter.H"
@@ -73,20 +74,17 @@ using namespace Foam;
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
     argList::noParallel();
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
+
     argList::validOptions.insert("scale", "scale");
     argList::validOptions.insert("noBnd", "");
     argList::validOptions.insert("tri", "");
     argList::validOptions.insert("surface", "");
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
 #   include "createTime.H"
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
 
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
     bool surfaceOnly = false;
     if (args.options().found("surface") or args.options().found("tri"))
@@ -118,17 +116,16 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 #   include "createPolyMesh.H"
 
-    // bool firstCheck = true;
 
-    for (label timeI = startTime; timeI < endTime; ++timeI)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[timeI], timeI);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
 #       include "getTimeIndex.H"
 
         polyMesh::readUpdateState state = mesh.readUpdate();
 
-        if (timeI == startTime || state != polyMesh::UNCHANGED)
+        if (!timeI || state != polyMesh::UNCHANGED)
         {
             meshWriters::STARCD writer(mesh, scaleFactor);
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/Make/files b/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/Make/files
index 752da5cfdd..189fc19ec5 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/Make/files
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/Make/files
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 meshDualiser.C
-makePolyDualMesh.C
+polyDualMeshApp.C
 
 EXE = $(FOAM_APPBIN)/polyDualMesh
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/makePolyDualMesh.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/polyDualMeshApp.C
similarity index 99%
rename from applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/makePolyDualMesh.C
rename to applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/polyDualMeshApp.C
index ab55305402..8b03d89542 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/makePolyDualMesh.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/polyDualMesh/polyDualMeshApp.C
@@ -348,8 +348,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
 #   include "createTime.H"
+
     // Get times list
     instantList Times = runTime.times();
+
 #   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
     runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
 
@@ -509,7 +511,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     Info<< "Writing dual mesh to " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
     mesh.write();
- 
+
     Info<< "End\n" << endl;
 
     return 0;
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/writeMeshObj/writeMeshObj.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/writeMeshObj/writeMeshObj.C
index e6c2560b38..d8042fdaa8 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/writeMeshObj/writeMeshObj.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/conversion/writeMeshObj/writeMeshObj.C
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ Description
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "argList.H"
+#include "timeSelector.H"
 #include "Time.H"
 #include "polyMesh.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
@@ -336,6 +337,7 @@ void writePointCells
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
     argList::validOptions.insert("patchFaces", "");
     argList::validOptions.insert("cell", "cellI");
     argList::validOptions.insert("face", "faceI");
@@ -343,7 +345,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     argList::validOptions.insert("cellSet", "setName");
     argList::validOptions.insert("faceSet", "setName");
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
 #   include "createTime.H"
     runTime.functionObjects().off();
@@ -361,31 +362,23 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         << "(for points, faces, cells) is consistent with"
         << " Foam numbering (starting from 0)." << endl << endl;
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createPolyMesh.H"
 
-    bool firstCheck = true;
-
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
         polyMesh::readUpdateState state = mesh.readUpdate();
 
-        if (firstCheck || state != polyMesh::UNCHANGED)
+        if (!timeI || state != polyMesh::UNCHANGED)
         {
             if (patchFaces)
             {
                 writePatchFaces(mesh, runTime.timeName());
-
             }
             else if (doCell)
             {
@@ -487,9 +480,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             Info << "No mesh." << endl;
         }
 
-        firstCheck = false;
-
-        Info << endl << endl;
+        Info << nl << endl;
     }
 
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/arcEdge.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/arcEdge.C
index a83154ad56..886281274b 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/arcEdge.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/arcEdge.C
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ Description
 
 #include "arcEdge.H"
 #include "mathematicalConstants.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -40,8 +39,7 @@ namespace Foam
     defineTypeNameAndDebug(arcEdge, 0);
 
     // Add the curvedEdge constructor functions to the hash tables
-    curvedEdge::addIstreamConstructorToTable<arcEdge>
-        addArcEdgeIstreamConstructorToTable_;
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(curvedEdge, arcEdge, Istream);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/curvedEdge.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/curvedEdge.C
index c9d31ef6a1..6a2d41a83e 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/curvedEdge.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/curvedEdge.C
@@ -41,26 +41,7 @@ namespace Foam
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 defineTypeNameAndDebug(curvedEdge, 0);
-
-// Define the constructor function hash tables
-HashTable<curvedEdge::IstreamConstructorPtr_>*
-    curvedEdge::IstreamConstructorTablePtr_;
-
-
-// Hash table Constructor called from the table add functions.
-
-void curvedEdge::constructTables()
-{
-    static bool constructed = false;
-
-    if (!constructed)
-    {
-        curvedEdge::IstreamConstructorTablePtr_
-            = new HashTable<curvedEdge::IstreamConstructorPtr_>;
-
-        constructed = true;
-    }
-}
+defineRunTimeSelectionTable(curvedEdge, Istream);
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -117,10 +98,11 @@ autoPtr<curvedEdge> curvedEdge::New(const pointField& points, Istream& is)
 
     word curvedEdgeType(is);
 
-    HashTable<IstreamConstructorPtr_>::iterator curvedEdgeConstructorIter =
-        IstreamConstructorTablePtr_->find(curvedEdgeType);
+    IstreamConstructorTable::iterator cstrIter =
+        IstreamConstructorTablePtr_
+            ->find(curvedEdgeType);
 
-    if (curvedEdgeConstructorIter == IstreamConstructorTablePtr_->end())
+    if (cstrIter == IstreamConstructorTablePtr_->end())
     {
         FatalErrorIn("curvedEdge::New(const pointField&, Istream&)")
             << "Unknown curvedEdge type " << curvedEdgeType << endl << endl
@@ -129,7 +111,7 @@ autoPtr<curvedEdge> curvedEdge::New(const pointField& points, Istream& is)
             << abort(FatalError);
     }
 
-    return autoPtr<curvedEdge>(curvedEdgeConstructorIter()(points, is));
+    return autoPtr<curvedEdge>(cstrIter()(points, is));
 }
 
 
@@ -177,7 +159,6 @@ Ostream& operator<<(Ostream& os, const curvedEdge& p)
 }
 
 
-
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 } // End namespace Foam
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/curvedEdge.H b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/curvedEdge.H
index c568180d73..5ecf489d38 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/curvedEdge.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/curvedEdge.H
@@ -63,51 +63,23 @@ protected:
 
 public:
 
-    // Constructor Hash tables
-
-        //- Construct from Istream function pointer type
-        typedef autoPtr<curvedEdge> (*IstreamConstructorPtr_)
-            (const pointField&, Istream&);
-
-        //- Construct from Istream function pointer table pointer
-        static HashTable<IstreamConstructorPtr_>*
-            IstreamConstructorTablePtr_;
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("curvedEdge");
 
 
-    // Hash table constructor classes and functions
+    // Declare run-time constructor selection tables
 
-        //- Hash table Constructor.
-        //  Must be called from the table add functions below.
-        static void constructTables();
-
-
-        //- Class to add constructor from Istream to Hash table
-        template<class curvedEdgeType>
-        class addIstreamConstructorToTable
-        {
-        public:
-
-            static autoPtr<curvedEdge> New
+        declareRunTimeSelectionTable
+        (
+            autoPtr,
+            curvedEdge,
+            Istream,
             (
                 const pointField& points,
                 Istream& is
-            )
-            {
-                return autoPtr<curvedEdge>(new curvedEdgeType(points, is));
-            }
-
-            addIstreamConstructorToTable()
-            {
-                curvedEdge::constructTables();
-
-                curvedEdge::IstreamConstructorTablePtr_
-                    ->insert(curvedEdgeType::typeName, New);
-            }
-        };
-
-
-    //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("curvedEdge");
+            ),
+            (points, is)
+        );
 
 
     // Constructors
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/polySplineEdge.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/polySplineEdge.C
index f4581ed338..7263f71843 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/polySplineEdge.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/polySplineEdge.C
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ License
 
 #include "polySplineEdge.H"
 #include "BSpline.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -34,8 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
     defineTypeNameAndDebug(polySplineEdge, 0);
 
     // Add the curvedEdge constructor functions to the hash tables
-    curvedEdge::addIstreamConstructorToTable<polySplineEdge>
-        addPolySplineEdgeIstreamConstructorToTable_;
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(curvedEdge, polySplineEdge, Istream);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/polySplineEdge.H b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/polySplineEdge.H
index d71685782d..1f59d5bf8e 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/polySplineEdge.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/polySplineEdge.H
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public:
         );
 
         //- Construct from Istream setting pointsList
-        polySplineEdge(const pointField& points,Istream& is);
+        polySplineEdge(const pointField& points, Istream& is);
 
 
     // Destructor
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/simpleSplineEdge.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/simpleSplineEdge.C
index 8fe13aefe0..b45f0ea3c2 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/simpleSplineEdge.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/generation/blockMesh/curvedEdges/simpleSplineEdge.C
@@ -27,9 +27,8 @@ Description
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "error.H"
-
 #include "simpleSplineEdge.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -39,10 +38,8 @@ namespace Foam
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 defineTypeNameAndDebug(simpleSplineEdge, 0);
+addToRunTimeSelectionTable(curvedEdge, simpleSplineEdge, Istream);
 
-// Add the curvedEdge constructor functions to the hash tables
-curvedEdge::addIstreamConstructorToTable<simpleSplineEdge>
-    addSimpleSplineEdgeIstreamConstructorToTable_;
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/checkMesh/checkMesh.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/checkMesh/checkMesh.C
index 74ab53432a..d226008f5c 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/checkMesh/checkMesh.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/checkMesh/checkMesh.C
@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ Description
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "argList.H"
+#include "timeSelector.H"
 #include "Time.H"
+
 #include "polyMesh.H"
 #include "globalMeshData.H"
 
@@ -45,48 +47,34 @@ using namespace Foam;
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions(false);   // no constant
 #   include "addRegionOption.H"
-
-#   include "addTimeOptionsNoConstant.H"
-
     argList::validOptions.insert("noTopology", "");
     argList::validOptions.insert("allGeometry", "");
     argList::validOptions.insert("allTopology", "");
 
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
+#   include "createTime.H"
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
+#   include "createNamedPolyMesh.H"
 
-    const bool noTopology = args.options().found("noTopology");
+    const bool noTopology  = args.options().found("noTopology");
     const bool allGeometry = args.options().found("allGeometry");
     const bool allTopology = args.options().found("allTopology");
 
-#   include "createTime.H"
-
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-#   include "checkTimeOptionsNoConstant.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
-
-#   include "createNamedPolyMesh.H"
-
-    bool firstCheck = true;
-
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         polyMesh::readUpdateState state = mesh.readUpdate();
 
         if
         (
-            firstCheck
+            !timeI
          || state == polyMesh::TOPO_CHANGE
          || state == polyMesh::TOPO_PATCH_CHANGE
         )
         {
-            firstCheck = false;
-
             Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
 
             // Clear mesh before checking
@@ -110,32 +98,30 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
             if (noFailedChecks == 0)
             {
-                Info<< "\nMesh OK."
-                    << nl << endl;
+                Info<< "\nMesh OK.\n" << endl;
             }
             else
             {
-                Info<< "\nFailed " << noFailedChecks << " mesh checks."
-                    << nl << endl;
+                Info<< "\nFailed " << noFailedChecks << " mesh checks.\n"
+                    << endl;
             }
         }
         else if (state == polyMesh::POINTS_MOVED)
         {
             Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
 
-            label noFailedChecks = checkGeometry(mesh, allGeometry);
+            label nFailedChecks = checkGeometry(mesh, allGeometry);
 
-            reduce(noFailedChecks, sumOp<label>());
+            reduce(nFailedChecks, sumOp<label>());
 
-            if (noFailedChecks == 0)
+            if (nFailedChecks)
             {
-                Info << "\nMesh OK."
-                    << nl << endl;
+                Info<< "\nFailed " << nFailedChecks << " mesh checks.\n"
+                    << endl;
             }
             else
             {
-                Info<< "\nFailed " << noFailedChecks << " mesh checks."
-                    << nl << endl;
+                Info << "\nMesh OK.\n" << endl;
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/rotateMesh/rotateMesh.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/rotateMesh/rotateMesh.C
index 317799312c..d7a84ee45a 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/rotateMesh/rotateMesh.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/rotateMesh/rotateMesh.C
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ Description
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "argList.H"
+#include "timeSelector.H"
 #include "Time.H"
 #include "fvMesh.H"
 #include "volFields.H"
@@ -66,7 +67,8 @@ void RotateFields
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
+
     argList::validArgs.append("n1");
     argList::validArgs.append("n2");
 
@@ -105,19 +107,15 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         points.write();
     }
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
 
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/setSet/setSet.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/setSet/setSet.C
index a5909c398a..ff6d576b0a 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/setSet/setSet.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/setSet/setSet.C
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ Description
 
 
 #if READLINE != 0
-#include <readline/readline.h>
-#include <readline/history.h>
+# include <readline/readline.h>
+# include <readline/history.h>
 #endif
 
 using namespace Foam;
diff --git a/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/setsToZones/setsToZones.C b/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/setsToZones/setsToZones.C
index 35eae96a58..ac32c1ccc9 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/setsToZones/setsToZones.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/mesh/manipulation/setsToZones/setsToZones.C
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ Description
 #include "OFstream.H"
 #include "IFstream.H"
 #include "IOobjectList.H"
+#include "SortableList.H"
 
 using namespace Foam;
 
@@ -107,6 +108,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     {
         // Not in memory. Load it.
         pointSet set(*iter());
+        SortableList<label> pointLabels(set.toc());
 
         label zoneID = mesh.pointZones().findZoneID(set.name());
         if (zoneID == -1)
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                 new pointZone
                 (
                     set.name(),             //name
-                    set.toc(),              //addressing
+                    pointLabels,            //addressing
                     sz,                     //index
                     mesh.pointZones()       //pointZoneMesh
                 )
@@ -131,7 +133,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         {
             Info<< "Overwriting contents of existing pointZone " << zoneID
                 << " with that of set " << set.name() << "." << endl;
-            mesh.pointZones()[zoneID] = set.toc();
+            mesh.pointZones()[zoneID] = pointLabels;
             mesh.pointZones().writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
         }
     }
@@ -150,6 +152,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     {
         // Not in memory. Load it.
         cellSet set(*iter());
+        SortableList<label> cellLabels(set.toc());
 
         label zoneID = mesh.cellZones().findZoneID(set.name());
         if (zoneID == -1)
@@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                 new cellZone
                 (
                     set.name(),             //name
-                    set.toc(),              //addressing
+                    cellLabels,             //addressing
                     sz,                     //index
                     mesh.cellZones()        //pointZoneMesh
                 )
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         {
             Info<< "Overwriting contents of existing cellZone " << zoneID
                 << " with that of set " << set.name() << "." << endl;
-            mesh.cellZones()[zoneID] = set.toc();
+            mesh.cellZones()[zoneID] = cellLabels;
             mesh.cellZones().writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
         }
     }
@@ -193,6 +196,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     {
         // Not in memory. Load it.
         faceSet set(*iter());
+        SortableList<label> faceLabels(set.toc());
 
         DynamicList<label> addressing(set.size());
         DynamicList<bool> flipMap(set.size());
@@ -214,9 +218,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             // Load corresponding cells
             cellSet cells(mesh, setName);
 
-            forAllConstIter(faceSet, set, iter)
+            forAll(faceLabels, i)
             {
-                label faceI = iter.key();
+                label faceI = faceLabels[i];
 
                 bool flip = false;
 
@@ -273,9 +277,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         else
         {
             // No flip map.
-            forAllConstIter(faceSet, set, iter)
+            forAll(faceLabels, i)
             {
-                addressing.append(iter.key());
+                label faceI = faceLabels[i];
+                addressing.append(faceI);
                 flipMap.append(false);
             }
         }
diff --git a/applications/utilities/miscellaneous/foamDebugSwitches/foamDebugSwitches.C b/applications/utilities/miscellaneous/foamDebugSwitches/foamDebugSwitches.C
index a910b32057..6854ba0b8d 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/miscellaneous/foamDebugSwitches/foamDebugSwitches.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/miscellaneous/foamDebugSwitches/foamDebugSwitches.C
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ Description
 
 #include "argList.H"
 #include "dictionary.H"
+#include "IFstream.H"
+#include "IOobject.H"
+#include "HashSet.H"
 
 using namespace Foam;
 
@@ -38,18 +41,108 @@ using namespace Foam;
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
     argList::noParallel();
+    argList::validOptions.insert("new", "");
+    argList::validOptions.insert("old", "");
 
-    wordList ds(debug::debugSwitches().toc());
-    sort(ds);
-    Info<< "debug switches: " << ds << endl;
+    Foam::argList args(argc, argv);
+
+    wordList currDebug(debug::debugSwitches().toc());
+    wordList currInfo(debug::infoSwitches().toc());
+    wordList currOpt(debug::optimisationSwitches().toc());
+
+    if (args.options().found("old") || args.options().found("new"))
+    {
+        dictionary controlDict(IFstream(findEtcFile("controlDict", true))());
+
+        wordHashSet oldDebug
+        (
+            controlDict.subDict("DebugSwitches").toc()
+        );
+
+        wordHashSet oldInfo
+        (
+            controlDict.subDict("InfoSwitches").toc()
+        );
+
+        wordHashSet oldOpt
+        (
+            controlDict.subDict("OptimisationSwitches").toc()
+        );
+
+
+        wordHashSet hashset;
+        wordList listing;
+
+
+        // list old switches - but this can't work since the (old) inserted
+        // switches are in both sets
+        // Workaround:
+        //  1. run without any options (get complete list)
+        //  2. comment out DebugSwitches, run again with -new to find new ones
+        //     and do a diff
+        if (args.options().found("old"))
+        {
+            IOobject::writeDivider(Info);
+
+            hashset = oldDebug;
+            hashset -= currDebug;
+            listing = hashset.toc();
+            sort(listing);
+            Info<< "old DebugSwitches: " << listing << endl;
+
+            hashset = oldInfo;
+            hashset -= currInfo;
+            listing = hashset.toc();
+            sort(listing);
+            Info<< "old InfoSwitches: " << listing << endl;
+
+            hashset = oldOpt;
+            hashset -= currOpt;
+            listing = hashset.toc();
+            sort(listing);
+            Info<< "old OptimisationSwitches: " << listing << endl;
+        }
+
+        // list new switches
+        if (args.options().found("new"))
+        {
+            IOobject::writeDivider(Info);
+
+            hashset = currDebug;
+            hashset -= oldDebug;
+
+            listing = hashset.toc();
+            sort(listing);
+            Info<< "new DebugSwitches: " << listing << endl;
+
+            hashset = currInfo;
+            hashset -= oldInfo;
+            listing = hashset.toc();
+            sort(listing);
+            Info<< "new InfoSwitches: " << listing << endl;
+
+            hashset = currOpt;
+            hashset -= oldOpt;
+            listing = hashset.toc();
+            sort(listing);
+            Info<< "new OptimisationSwitches: " << listing << endl;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        IOobject::writeDivider(Info);
+
+        sort(currDebug);
+        Info<< "DebugSwitches: " << currDebug << endl;
+
+        sort(currInfo);
+        Info<< "InfoSwitches: " << currInfo << endl;
+
+        sort(currOpt);
+        Info<< "OptimisationSwitches: " << currOpt << endl;
+    }
 
-    wordList is(debug::infoSwitches().toc());
-    sort(is);
-    Info<< "info switches: " << is << endl;
 
-    wordList os(debug::optimisationSwitches().toc());
-    sort(os);
-    Info<< "optimisation switches: " << os << endl;
 
     Info<< "done" << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/miscellaneous/patchSummary/patchSummary.C b/applications/utilities/miscellaneous/patchSummary/patchSummary.C
index 8195e4d9dc..67ae527027 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/miscellaneous/patchSummary/patchSummary.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/miscellaneous/patchSummary/patchSummary.C
@@ -40,25 +40,19 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "addRegionOption.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createNamedMesh.H"
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << nl << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/decomposePar/decomposePar.C b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/decomposePar/decomposePar.C
index fff19e006d..5edafcf561 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/decomposePar/decomposePar.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/decomposePar/decomposePar.C
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
     fileNameList cloudDirs
     (
-        readDir(runTime.timePath()/"lagrangian", fileName::DIRECTORY)
+        readDir(runTime.timePath()/cloud::prefix, fileName::DIRECTORY)
     );
 
     // Particles
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         (
             mesh,
             runTime.timeName(),
-            "lagrangian"/cloudDirs[i]
+            cloud::prefix/cloudDirs[i]
         );
 
         IOobject* positionsPtr = sprayObjs.lookup("positions");
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             (
                 mesh,
                 runTime.timeName(),
-                "lagrangian"/cloudDirs[cloudI]
+                cloud::prefix/cloudDirs[cloudI]
             );
 
             lagrangianFieldDecomposer::readFields
diff --git a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/decomposePar/lagrangianFieldDecomposerDecomposeFields.C b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/decomposePar/lagrangianFieldDecomposerDecomposeFields.C
index 4f11f4d53f..ae85229808 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/decomposePar/lagrangianFieldDecomposerDecomposeFields.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/decomposePar/lagrangianFieldDecomposerDecomposeFields.C
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ tmp<IOField<Type> > lagrangianFieldDecomposer::decomposeField
             (
                 field.name(),
                 procMesh_.time().timeName(),
-                "lagrangian"/cloudName,
+                cloud::prefix/cloudName,
                 procMesh_,
                 IOobject::NO_READ,
                 IOobject::NO_WRITE
diff --git a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructLagrangian.H b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructLagrangian.H
index 0cefe9e641..18d282a909 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructLagrangian.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructLagrangian.H
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef reconstructLagrangian_H
 #define reconstructLagrangian_H
 
+#include "cloud.H"
 #include "polyMesh.H"
 #include "IOobjectList.H"
 #include "fvMesh.H"
diff --git a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructLagrangianFields.C b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructLagrangianFields.C
index 1f357fa64f..a6fc1a49a8 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructLagrangianFields.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructLagrangianFields.C
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::IOField<Type> > Foam::reconstructLagrangianField
             (
                 fieldName,
                 mesh.time().timeName(),
-                "lagrangian"/cloudName,
+                cloud::prefix/cloudName,
                 mesh,
                 IOobject::NO_READ,
                 IOobject::NO_WRITE
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::IOField<Type> > Foam::reconstructLagrangianField
     {
         // Check object on local mesh
         IOobject localIOobject
-        ( 
+        (
             fieldName,
             meshes[i].time().timeName(),
-            "lagrangian"/cloudName,
+            cloud::prefix/cloudName,
             meshes[i],
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
diff --git a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructPar.C b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructPar.C
index 20def06b9c..9311c9b4e9 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructPar.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/parallelProcessing/reconstructPar/reconstructPar.C
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     argList::noParallel();
 #   include "addRegionOption.H"
     argList::validOptions.insert("fields", "\"(list of fields)\"");
+    argList::validOptions.insert("noLagrangian", "");
 
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
 #   include "createTime.H"
@@ -61,6 +62,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         IStringStream(args.options()["fields"])() >> selectedFields;
     }
 
+    bool noLagrangian = args.options().found("noLagrangian");
+
     // determine the processor count directly
     label nProcs = 0;
     while (isDir(args.path()/(word("processor") + name(nProcs))))
@@ -269,118 +272,121 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         // the first processor that has them. They are in pass2 only used
         // for name and type (scalar, vector etc).
 
-        HashTable<IOobjectList> cloudObjects;
-
-        forAll (databases, procI)
+        if (!noLagrangian)
         {
-            fileNameList cloudDirs
-            (
-                readDir
-                (
-                    databases[procI].timePath()/regionPrefix/"lagrangian",
-                    fileName::DIRECTORY
-                )
-            );
+            HashTable<IOobjectList> cloudObjects;
 
-            forAll (cloudDirs, i)
+            forAll (databases, procI)
             {
-                // Check if we already have cloud objects for this cloudname.
-                HashTable<IOobjectList>::const_iterator iter =
-                    cloudObjects.find(cloudDirs[i]);
-
-                if (iter == cloudObjects.end())
-                {
-                    // Do local scan for valid cloud objects.
-                    IOobjectList sprayObjs
+                fileNameList cloudDirs
+                (
+                    readDir
                     (
-                        procMeshes.meshes()[procI],
-                        databases[procI].timeName(),
-                        "lagrangian"/cloudDirs[i]
-                    );
+                        databases[procI].timePath()/regionPrefix/cloud::prefix,
+                        fileName::DIRECTORY
+                    )
+                );
 
-                    IOobject* positionsPtr = sprayObjs.lookup("positions");
+                forAll (cloudDirs, i)
+                {
+                    // Check if we already have cloud objects for this cloudname
+                    HashTable<IOobjectList>::const_iterator iter =
+                        cloudObjects.find(cloudDirs[i]);
 
-                    if (positionsPtr)
+                    if (iter == cloudObjects.end())
                     {
-                        cloudObjects.insert(cloudDirs[i], sprayObjs);
+                        // Do local scan for valid cloud objects
+                        IOobjectList sprayObjs
+                        (
+                            procMeshes.meshes()[procI],
+                            databases[procI].timeName(),
+                            cloud::prefix/cloudDirs[i]
+                        );
+
+                        IOobject* positionsPtr = sprayObjs.lookup("positions");
+
+                        if (positionsPtr)
+                        {
+                            cloudObjects.insert(cloudDirs[i], sprayObjs);
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
-        }
 
 
-        if (cloudObjects.size())
-        {
-            // Pass2: reconstruct the cloud
-            forAllConstIter(HashTable<IOobjectList>, cloudObjects, iter)
+            if (cloudObjects.size())
             {
-                const word cloudName = string::validate<word>(iter.key());
+                // Pass2: reconstruct the cloud
+                forAllConstIter(HashTable<IOobjectList>, cloudObjects, iter)
+                {
+                    const word cloudName = string::validate<word>(iter.key());
 
-                // Objects (on arbitrary processor)
-                const IOobjectList& sprayObjs = iter();
+                    // Objects (on arbitrary processor)
+                    const IOobjectList& sprayObjs = iter();
 
-                Info<< "Reconstructing lagrangian fields for cloud "
-                    << cloudName << nl << endl;
+                    Info<< "Reconstructing lagrangian fields for cloud "
+                        << cloudName << nl << endl;
 
-                reconstructLagrangianPositions
-                (
-                    mesh,
-                    cloudName,
-                    procMeshes.meshes(),
-                    procMeshes.faceProcAddressing(),
-                    procMeshes.cellProcAddressing()
-                );
-                reconstructLagrangianFields<label>
-                (
-                    cloudName,
-                    mesh,
-                    procMeshes.meshes(),
-                    sprayObjs
-                );
-                reconstructLagrangianFields<scalar>
-                (
-                    cloudName,
-                    mesh,
-                    procMeshes.meshes(),
-                    sprayObjs
-                );
-                reconstructLagrangianFields<vector>
-                (
-                    cloudName,
-                    mesh,
-                    procMeshes.meshes(),
-                    sprayObjs
-                );
-                reconstructLagrangianFields<sphericalTensor>
-                (
-                    cloudName,
-                    mesh,
-                    procMeshes.meshes(),
-                    sprayObjs
-                );
-                reconstructLagrangianFields<symmTensor>
-                (
-                    cloudName,
-                    mesh,
-                    procMeshes.meshes(),
-                    sprayObjs
-                );
-                reconstructLagrangianFields<tensor>
-                (
-                    cloudName,
-                    mesh,
-                    procMeshes.meshes(),
-                    sprayObjs
-                );
+                    reconstructLagrangianPositions
+                    (
+                        mesh,
+                        cloudName,
+                        procMeshes.meshes(),
+                        procMeshes.faceProcAddressing(),
+                        procMeshes.cellProcAddressing()
+                    );
+                    reconstructLagrangianFields<label>
+                    (
+                        cloudName,
+                        mesh,
+                        procMeshes.meshes(),
+                        sprayObjs
+                    );
+                    reconstructLagrangianFields<scalar>
+                    (
+                        cloudName,
+                        mesh,
+                        procMeshes.meshes(),
+                        sprayObjs
+                    );
+                    reconstructLagrangianFields<vector>
+                    (
+                        cloudName,
+                        mesh,
+                        procMeshes.meshes(),
+                        sprayObjs
+                    );
+                    reconstructLagrangianFields<sphericalTensor>
+                    (
+                        cloudName,
+                        mesh,
+                        procMeshes.meshes(),
+                        sprayObjs
+                    );
+                    reconstructLagrangianFields<symmTensor>
+                    (
+                        cloudName,
+                        mesh,
+                        procMeshes.meshes(),
+                        sprayObjs
+                    );
+                    reconstructLagrangianFields<tensor>
+                    (
+                        cloudName,
+                        mesh,
+                        procMeshes.meshes(),
+                        sprayObjs
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Info << "No lagrangian fields" << nl << endl;
             }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            Info << "No lagrangian fields" << nl << endl;
         }
 
         // If there are any "uniform" directories copy them from
-        // the master processor.
+        // the master processor
 
         fileName uniformDir0 = databases[0].timePath()/"uniform";
         if (isDir(uniformDir0))
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamDataToFluent/foamDataToFluent.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamDataToFluent/foamDataToFluent.C
index 7f5a8e2917..4a63948f42 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamDataToFluent/foamDataToFluent.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamDataToFluent/foamDataToFluent.C
@@ -38,26 +38,22 @@ Description
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
     argList::noParallel();
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
+    timeSelector::addOptions(false);   // no constant
 
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptionsNoConstant.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
     // make a directory called proInterface in the case
     mkDir(runTime.rootPath()/runTime.caseName()/"fluentInterface");
 
-    for (label timeI = startTime; timeI < endTime; timeI++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[timeI], timeI);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
+
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
         if (mesh.readUpdate())
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsight/ensightCloudField.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsight/ensightCloudField.H
index 3e06a1674d..f6cd858dc6 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsight/ensightCloudField.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsight/ensightCloudField.H
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef ensightCloudField_H
 #define ensightCloudField_H
 
+#include "Cloud.H"
 #include "IOobject.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsight/foamToEnsight.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsight/foamToEnsight.C
index bb7c1880f0..10d261bca5 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsight/foamToEnsight.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsight/foamToEnsight.C
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
         fileNameList cloudDirs = readDir
         (
-            runTime.timePath()/regionPrefix/"lagrangian",
+            runTime.timePath()/regionPrefix/cloud::prefix,
             fileName::DIRECTORY
         );
 
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             (
                 mesh,
                 runTime.timeName(),
-                "lagrangian"/cloudDirs[cloudI]
+                cloud::prefix/cloudDirs[cloudI]
             );
 
             IOobject* positionsPtr = cloudObjs.lookup("positions");
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             (
                 mesh,
                 runTime.timeName(),
-                "lagrangian"/cloudIter.key()
+                cloud::prefix/cloudIter.key()
             );
 
             forAllConstIter(IOobjectList, cloudObjs, fieldIter)
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
             fileNameList currentCloudDirs = readDir
             (
-                runTime.timePath()/regionPrefix/"lagrangian",
+                runTime.timePath()/regionPrefix/cloud::prefix,
                 fileName::DIRECTORY
             );
 
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                 (
                     fieldName,
                     mesh.time().timeName(),
-                    "lagrangian"/cloudName,
+                    cloud::prefix/cloudName,
                     mesh,
                     IOobject::MUST_READ
                 );
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputCase.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputCase.H
index d8f079ea6d..0e3530b9c0 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputCase.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputCase.H
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ forAllConstIter(HashTable<HashTable<word> >, cloudFields, cloudIter)
 
     caseFile
         << setw(16) << "measured: 2"
-        << fileName(dataMask/"lagrangian"/cloudName/"positions").c_str()
+        << fileName(dataMask/cloud::prefix/cloudName/"positions").c_str()
             << nl;
 }
 caseFile
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ forAllConstIter(HashTable<HashTable<word> >, cloudFields, cloudIter)
                 ensightType,
                 fieldName,
                 dataMask,
-                "lagrangian"/cloudName,
+                cloud::prefix/cloudName,
                 cloudNo,
                 2
             );
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputFunctions.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputFunctions.C
index ca472e073c..e62b10064c 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputFunctions.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputFunctions.C
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ License
 #include "ensightOutputFunctions.H"
 
 #include "passiveParticle.H"
-#include "Cloud.H"
 #include "IOField.H"
 #include "volFields.H"
 #include "surfaceFields.H"
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ void ensightParticlePositions
 {
     Cloud<passiveParticle> parcels(mesh, cloudName, false);
 
-    fileName cloudDir = subDir/"lagrangian"/cloudName;
+    fileName cloudDir = subDir/cloud::prefix/cloudName;
     fileName postFileName = cloudDir/"positions";
 
     // the ITER/lagrangian subdirectory must exist
@@ -165,7 +164,7 @@ void ensightLagrangianField
 {
     Info<< " " << fieldObject.name() << flush;
 
-    fileName cloudDir = subDir/"lagrangian"/cloudName;
+    fileName cloudDir = subDir/cloud::prefix/cloudName;
     fileName postFileName = cloudDir/fieldObject.name();
 
     string title =
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputFunctions.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputFunctions.H
index 7afc250fe3..75437c2d69 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputFunctions.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/ensightOutputFunctions.H
@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ License
     Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 
 Description
-
-    miscellaneous collection of functions and template related
-    to Ensight data
+    Miscellaneous collection of functions and template related to Ensight data
 
 SourceFiles
     ensightOutputFunctions.C
@@ -36,6 +34,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #define ensightOutputFunctions_H
 
 #include "ensightFile.H"
+#include "Cloud.H"
 #include "polyMesh.H"
 #include "IOobject.H"
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/findFields.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/findFields.H
index cca3fbbcd3..edfbb5ae7d 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/findFields.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/findFields.H
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ if (timeDirs.size() > 1)
         runTime.path()
       / timeDirs[timeDirs.size() - 1].name()
       / regionPrefix
-      / "lagrangian",
+      / cloud::prefix,
         fileName::DIRECTORY
     );
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ if (timeDirs.size() > 1)
         (
             mesh,
             timeDirs[timeDirs.size() - 1].name(),
-            "lagrangian"/cloudName
+            cloud::prefix/cloudName
         );
 
         bool hasPositions = false;
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/foamToEnsightParts.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/foamToEnsightParts.C
index 329dda87f9..af2dee175a 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/foamToEnsightParts.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToEnsightParts/foamToEnsightParts.C
@@ -324,7 +324,14 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         {
             const word& cloudName = cloudIter.key();
 
-            if (!isDir(runTime.timePath()/regionPrefix/"lagrangian"/cloudName))
+            if
+            (
+                !isDir
+                (
+                    runTime.timePath()/regionPrefix/
+                    cloud::prefix/cloudName
+                )
+            )
             {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -333,7 +340,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             (
                 mesh,
                 runTime.timeName(),
-                "lagrangian"/cloudName
+                cloud::prefix/cloudName
             );
 
             // check that the positions field is present for this time
@@ -365,7 +372,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                 if (!fieldObject)
                 {
                     Info<< "missing "
-                        << runTime.timeName()/"lagrangian"/cloudName/fieldName
+                        << runTime.timeName()/cloud::prefix/cloudName
+                        / fieldName
                         << endl;
                     continue;
                 }
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToFieldview9/createSprayFields.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToFieldview9/createSprayFields.H
index e28a04b58c..a5a218de80 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToFieldview9/createSprayFields.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToFieldview9/createSprayFields.H
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ List<IOField<vector>* > sprayVectorFieldPtrs
         (
             sprayScalarNames[fieldI],
             runTime.timeName(),
-            "lagrangian",
+            cloud::prefix,
             mesh,
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ List<IOField<vector>* > sprayVectorFieldPtrs
         (
             sprayVectorNames[fieldI],
             runTime.timeName(),
-            "lagrangian",
+            cloud::prefix,
             mesh,
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToFieldview9/getFieldNames.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToFieldview9/getFieldNames.H
index 9a97899625..129d788738 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToFieldview9/getFieldNames.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToFieldview9/getFieldNames.H
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ forAll(Times, timeI)
 
 
     // Same for spray
-    IOobjectList sprayObjects(mesh, runTime.timeName(), "lagrangian");
+    IOobjectList sprayObjects(mesh, runTime.timeName(), cloud::prefix);
     {
         wordList fieldNames(sprayObjects.names(scalarIOField::typeName));
         forAll(fieldNames, fieldI)
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/foamToGMV.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/foamToGMV.C
index b32952e9bb..6c7e23ebae 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/foamToGMV.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/foamToGMV.C
@@ -44,21 +44,21 @@ Description
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
     const label nTypes = 4;
-    const word fieldTypes[] = 
-    { 
-        "volScalarField", 
-        "volVectorField", 
+    const word fieldTypes[] =
+    {
+        "volScalarField",
+        "volVectorField",
         "surfaceScalarField",
-        "lagrangian"
+        cloud::prefix
     };
 
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-    
+
 #   include "createTime.H"
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
 #   include "readConversionProperties.H"
- 
+
     // get the available time-steps
     instantList TimeList = runTime.times();
     Info << TimeList << endl;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             // Set Time
             runTime.setTime(TimeList[n], n);
             word CurTime = runTime.timeName();
-            
+
             IOobjectList objects(mesh, runTime.timeName());
 
 #           include "moveMesh.H"
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             // set the filename of the GMV file
             fileName gmvFileName = "plotGMV." + itoa(n);
             OFstream gmvFile(args.rootPath()/args.caseName()/gmvFileName);
-            
+
 #           include "gmvOutputHeader.H"
 #           include "gmvOutput.H"
 #           include "gmvOutputTail.H"
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutput.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutput.H
index 76f834c431..03523ed2de 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutput.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutput.H
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-for(label i=0; i < nTypes; i++)
+for (label i=0; i < nTypes; i++)
 {
     wordList fieldNames = objects.names(fieldTypes[i]);
 
-    if ( fieldTypes[i] == "volScalarField" ) 
+    if (fieldTypes[i] == "volScalarField")
     {
         gmvFile << "variable" << nl;
     }
-    for(label j=0; j < fieldNames.size(); j++)
+    for (label j=0; j < fieldNames.size(); j++)
     {
-        
+
         word fieldName = fieldNames[j];
 
         IOobject fieldObject
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ for(label i=0; i < nTypes; i++)
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
         );
-        
-        if ( fieldTypes[i] == "volScalarField" ) 
+
+        if (fieldTypes[i] == "volScalarField")
         {
             volScalarField gmvScalarField(fieldObject, mesh);
             gmvFile << fieldName << " 0" << nl;
@@ -30,43 +30,43 @@ for(label i=0; i < nTypes; i++)
             }
             gmvFile << nl;
         }
-        
-        if ( fieldTypes[i] == "volVectorField" ) 
+
+        if (fieldTypes[i] == "volVectorField")
         {
             if (fieldName == vComp)
             {
                 volVectorField gmvVectorField(fieldObject, mesh);
                 gmvFile << "velocity 0" << nl;
-                for(label indx=0;indx<mesh.nCells();indx++)
+                for (label indx=0;indx<mesh.nCells();indx++)
                 {
                     gmvFile << gmvVectorField[indx].x() << " ";
                 }
-                for(label indx=0;indx<mesh.nCells();indx++)
+                for (label indx=0;indx<mesh.nCells();indx++)
                 {
                     gmvFile << gmvVectorField[indx].y() << " ";
                 }
-                for(label indx=0;indx<mesh.nCells();indx++)
+                for (label indx=0;indx<mesh.nCells();indx++)
                 {
                     gmvFile << gmvVectorField[indx].z() << " ";
                 }
                 gmvFile << nl;
             }
         }
-                
-        if ( fieldTypes[i] == "surfaceScalarField" ) 
+
+        if (fieldTypes[i] == "surfaceScalarField")
         {
             // ...
         }
-        
+
     }
 
-    if ( fieldTypes[i] == "lagrangian") 
+    if (fieldTypes[i] == cloud::prefix)
     {
         IOobject lagrangianHeader
         (
             "positions",
             runTime.timeName(),
-            "lagrangian",
+            cloud::prefix,
             mesh,
             IOobject::NO_READ
         );
@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ for(label i=0; i < nTypes; i++)
         if (lagrangianHeader.headerOk())
         {
             Cloud<passiveParticle> particles(mesh);
-            
-            IOobjectList objects(mesh, runTime.timeName(), "lagrangian");
-            
+
+            IOobjectList objects(mesh, runTime.timeName(), cloud::prefix);
+
             wordList lagrangianScalarNames = objects.names("scalarField");
             wordList lagrangianVectorNames = objects.names("vectorField");
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ for(label i=0; i < nTypes; i++)
         }
     }
 
-    if ( fieldTypes[i] == "volScalarField" ) 
+    if (fieldTypes[i] == "volScalarField")
     {
         gmvFile << "endvars" << nl;
     }
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutputLagrangian.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutputLagrangian.H
index 89c126c1e3..a99b94133e 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutputLagrangian.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutputLagrangian.H
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ forAll(lagrangianScalarNames, i)
         (
             name,
             runTime.timeName(),
-            "lagrangian",
+            cloud::prefix,
             mesh,
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ forAll(lagrangianVectorNames, i)
         (
             name,
             runTime.timeName(),
-            "lagrangian",
+            cloud::prefix,
             mesh,
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutputSpray.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutputSpray.H
index f5d5b3c8c6..3c4f629235 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutputSpray.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToGMV/gmvOutputSpray.H
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ forAll(lagrangianScalarNames, i)
         (
             name,
             runTime.timeName(),
-            "lagrangian",
+            cloud::prefix,
             mesh,
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/foamToVTK.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/foamToVTK.C
index e03c76c057..2d5e747990 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/foamToVTK.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/foamToVTK.C
@@ -225,8 +225,10 @@ labelList getSelectedPatches
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
+
 #   include "addRegionOption.H"
+
     argList::validOptions.insert("fields", "fields");
     argList::validOptions.insert("cellSet", "cellSet name");
     argList::validOptions.insert("faceSet", "faceSet name");
@@ -244,7 +246,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-
     bool doWriteInternal = !args.options().found("noInternal");
     bool doFaceZones = !args.options().found("noFaceZones");
     bool doLinks = !args.options().found("noLinks");
@@ -312,14 +313,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     }
 
 
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
-
-    // Current mesh.
 #   include "createNamedMesh.H"
 
     // VTK/ directory in the case
@@ -359,11 +354,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     // mesh wrapper; does subsetting and decomposition
     vtkMesh vMesh(mesh, cellSetName);
 
-    for (label timeI = startTime; timeI < endTime; timeI++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[timeI], timeI);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
-        Info<< "Time " << Times[timeI].name() << endl;
+        Info<< "Time: " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
         // Check for new polyMesh/ and update mesh, fvMeshSubset and cell
         // decomposition.
@@ -914,7 +909,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         (
             readDir
             (
-                runTime.timePath()/regionPrefix/"lagrangian",
+                runTime.timePath()/regionPrefix/cloud::prefix,
                 fileName::DIRECTORY
             )
         );
@@ -925,18 +920,18 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             (
                 mesh,
                 runTime.timeName(),
-                "lagrangian"/cloudDirs[i]
+                cloud::prefix/cloudDirs[i]
             );
 
             IOobject* positionsPtr = sprayObjs.lookup("positions");
 
             if (positionsPtr)
             {
-                mkDir(fvPath/"lagrangian"/cloudDirs[i]);
+                mkDir(fvPath/cloud::prefix/cloudDirs[i]);
 
                 fileName lagrFileName
                 (
-                    fvPath/"lagrangian"/cloudDirs[i]/cloudDirs[i]
+                    fvPath/cloud::prefix/cloudDirs[i]/cloudDirs[i]
                   + "_" + name(timeI) + ".vtk"
                 );
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/lagrangianWriter.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/lagrangianWriter.H
index 8923ba8590..bd13ec2571 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/lagrangianWriter.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/lagrangianWriter.H
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ SourceFiles
 
 #include "globalPointPatch.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
+#include "Cloud.H"
 #include "volFields.H"
 #include "pointFields.H"
 #include "vtkMesh.H"
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/lagrangianWriterTemplates.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/lagrangianWriterTemplates.C
index 37c8051383..0407a58841 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/lagrangianWriterTemplates.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/dataConversion/foamToVTK/lagrangianWriterTemplates.C
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ void Foam::lagrangianWriter::writeIOField(const wordList& objects)
         (
             object,
             vMesh_.mesh().time().timeName(),
-            "lagrangian"/cloudName_,
+            cloud::prefix/cloudName_,
             vMesh_.mesh(),
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE,
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3FoamReader.cxx b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3FoamReader.cxx
index c824ec7e3c..47e919c9c3 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3FoamReader.cxx
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3FoamReader.cxx
@@ -50,14 +50,15 @@ vtkPV3FoamReader::vtkPV3FoamReader()
 
     output0_  = NULL;
 
+#ifdef VTKPV3FOAM_DUALPORT
     // Add second output for the Lagrangian
     this->SetNumberOfOutputPorts(2);
-    vtkMultiBlockDataSet *lagrangian;
-    lagrangian = vtkMultiBlockDataSet::New();
+    vtkMultiBlockDataSet *lagrangian = vtkMultiBlockDataSet::New();
     lagrangian->ReleaseData();
 
     this->GetExecutive()->SetOutputData(1, lagrangian);
     lagrangian->Delete();
+#endif
 
     TimeStepRange[0] = 0;
     TimeStepRange[1] = 0;
@@ -204,9 +205,9 @@ int vtkPV3FoamReader::RequestInformation
         );
     }
 
-    double timeRange[2];
     if (nTimeSteps)
     {
+        double timeRange[2];
         timeRange[0] = timeSteps[0];
         timeRange[1] = timeSteps[nTimeSteps-1];
 
@@ -273,46 +274,53 @@ int vtkPV3FoamReader::RequestData
         }
     }
 
-    // take port0 as the lead for other outputs
-    vtkInformation *outInfo = outputVector->GetInformationObject(0);
+    // Get the requested time step.
+    // We only support requests for a single time step
+
+    int nRequestTime = 0;
+    double requestTime[nInfo];
+
+    // taking port0 as the lead for other outputs would be nice, but fails when
+    // a filter is added - we need to check everything
+    // but since PREVIOUS_UPDATE_TIME_STEPS() is protected, relay the logic
+    // to the vtkPV3Foam::setTime() method
+    for (int infoI = 0; infoI < nInfo; ++infoI)
+    {
+        vtkInformation *outInfo = outputVector->GetInformationObject(infoI);
+
+        if
+        (
+            outInfo->Has
+            (
+                vtkStreamingDemandDrivenPipeline::UPDATE_TIME_STEPS()
+            )
+         && outInfo->Length
+            (
+                vtkStreamingDemandDrivenPipeline::UPDATE_TIME_STEPS()
+            ) >= 1
+        )
+        {
+            requestTime[nRequestTime++] = outInfo->Get
+            (
+                vtkStreamingDemandDrivenPipeline::UPDATE_TIME_STEPS()
+            )[0];
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (nRequestTime)
+    {
+        foamData_->setTime(nRequestTime, requestTime);
+    }
 
 
     vtkMultiBlockDataSet* output = vtkMultiBlockDataSet::SafeDownCast
     (
-        outInfo->Get
+        outputVector->GetInformationObject(0)->Get
         (
             vtkMultiBlockDataSet::DATA_OBJECT()
         )
     );
 
-
-    vtkMultiBlockDataSet* lagrangianOutput = vtkMultiBlockDataSet::SafeDownCast
-    (
-        outputVector->GetInformationObject(1)->Get
-        (
-            vtkMultiBlockDataSet::DATA_OBJECT()
-        )
-    );
-
-    if (outInfo->Has(vtkStreamingDemandDrivenPipeline::UPDATE_TIME_STEPS()))
-    {
-        // Get the requested time step.
-        // We only support requests for a single time step
-        int nRequestedTimeSteps = outInfo->Length
-        (
-            vtkStreamingDemandDrivenPipeline::UPDATE_TIME_STEPS()
-        );
-        if (nRequestedTimeSteps >= 1)
-        {
-            double *requestedTimeSteps = outInfo->Get
-            (
-                vtkStreamingDemandDrivenPipeline::UPDATE_TIME_STEPS()
-            );
-
-            foamData_->setTime(requestedTimeSteps[0]);
-        }
-    }
-
     if (Foam::vtkPV3Foam::debug)
     {
         cout<< "update output with "
@@ -361,7 +369,21 @@ int vtkPV3FoamReader::RequestData
 
 #else
 
-    foamData_->Update(output, lagrangianOutput);
+#ifdef VTKPV3FOAM_DUALPORT
+    foamData_->Update
+    (
+        output,
+        vtkMultiBlockDataSet::SafeDownCast
+        (
+            outputVector->GetInformationObject(1)->Get
+            (
+                vtkMultiBlockDataSet::DATA_OBJECT()
+            )
+        );
+    );
+#else
+    foamData_->Update(output, output);
+#endif
 
     if (ShowPatchNames)
     {
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3Foam.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3Foam.C
index 4c4016c364..118e99fc91 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3Foam.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3Foam.C
@@ -90,12 +90,21 @@ void Foam::vtkPV3Foam::reduceMemory()
 
 
 
-int Foam::vtkPV3Foam::setTime(const double& requestedTime)
+int Foam::vtkPV3Foam::setTime(int nRequest, const double requestTimes[])
 {
     if (debug)
     {
-        Info<< "<beg> Foam::vtkPV3Foam::setTime(" << requestedTime << ")"
-            << endl;
+        Info<< "<beg> Foam::vtkPV3Foam::setTime(";
+        for (int requestI = 0; requestI < nRequest; ++requestI)
+        {
+            if (requestI)
+            {
+                Info<< ", ";
+            }
+
+            Info<< requestTimes[requestI];
+        }
+        Info << ") - previousIndex = " << timeIndex_ << endl;
     }
 
     Time& runTime = dbPtr_();
@@ -103,12 +112,26 @@ int Foam::vtkPV3Foam::setTime(const double& requestedTime)
     // Get times list
     instantList Times = runTime.times();
 
-    int nearestIndex = Time::findClosestTimeIndex(Times, requestedTime);
+    int nearestIndex = timeIndex_;
+
+    for (int requestI = 0; requestI < nRequest; ++requestI)
+    {
+        int index = Time::findClosestTimeIndex(Times, requestTimes[requestI]);
+
+        if (index >= 0 && index != timeIndex_)
+        {
+            nearestIndex = index;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+
     if (nearestIndex < 0)
     {
         nearestIndex = 0;
     }
 
+
     // see what has changed
     if (timeIndex_ != nearestIndex)
     {
@@ -138,10 +161,11 @@ int Foam::vtkPV3Foam::setTime(const double& requestedTime)
 
     if (debug)
     {
-        Info<< "<end> Foam::vtkPV3Foam::setTime() - selected time "
-            << Times[nearestIndex].name() << " index=" << nearestIndex
-            << " meshChanged=" << meshChanged_
-            << " fieldsChanged=" << fieldsChanged_ << endl;
+        Info<< "<end> Foam::vtkPV3Foam::setTime() - selectedTime="
+            << Times[nearestIndex].name() << " index=" << timeIndex_
+            << "/" << Times.size()
+            << " meshChanged=" << Switch(meshChanged_)
+            << " fieldsChanged=" << Switch(fieldsChanged_) << endl;
     }
 
     return nearestIndex;
@@ -441,7 +465,6 @@ void Foam::vtkPV3Foam::Update
         cout<< "<beg> Foam::vtkPV3Foam::Update - output with "
             << output->GetNumberOfBlocks() << " and "
             << lagrangianOutput->GetNumberOfBlocks() << " blocks\n";
-
         output->Print(cout);
         lagrangianOutput->Print(cout);
         printMemory();
@@ -480,8 +503,10 @@ void Foam::vtkPV3Foam::Update
         reader_->UpdateProgress(0.7);
     }
 
+#ifdef VTKPV3FOAM_DUALPORT
     // restart port1 at block=0
     blockNo = 0;
+#endif
     convertMeshLagrangian(lagrangianOutput, blockNo);
 
     reader_->UpdateProgress(0.8);
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3Foam.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3Foam.H
index 927415c005..4e203eacec 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3Foam.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3Foam.H
@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef vtkPV3Foam_H
 #define vtkPV3Foam_H
 
+// do not include legacy strstream headers
+#ifndef  VTK_EXCLUDE_STRSTREAM_HEADERS
+# define VTK_EXCLUDE_STRSTREAM_HEADERS
+#endif
+
 #include "className.H"
 #include "fileName.H"
 #include "stringList.H"
@@ -66,6 +71,8 @@ SourceFiles
 #include "PrimitivePatchInterpolation.H"
 #include "volPointInterpolation.H"
 
+#undef VTKPV3FOAM_DUALPORT
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Forward Declarations  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 class vtkDataArraySelection;
@@ -128,6 +135,7 @@ class vtkPV3Foam
                 return block_;
             }
 
+            //- Assign block number, return previous value
             int block(int blockNo)
             {
                 int prev = block_;
@@ -713,9 +721,11 @@ public:
         //- Remove patch names from the display
         void removePatchNames(vtkRenderer* renderer);
 
-        //- set the runTime to the requested time, returns the timeIndex
-        //  sets to "constant" on error and returns -1
-        int setTime(const double& requestedTime);
+        //- set the runTime to the first plausible request time,
+        //  returns the timeIndex
+        //  sets to "constant" on error
+        int setTime(int count, const double requestTimes[]);
+
 
         //- The current time index
         int timeIndex() const
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamFields.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamFields.C
index 9708df9ac1..38cc52f680 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamFields.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamFields.C
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ void Foam::vtkPV3Foam::convertLagrangianFields
         (
             mesh,
             dbPtr_().timeName(),
-            "lagrangian"/cloudName
+            cloud::prefix/cloudName
         );
         pruneObjectList(objects, selectedFields);
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamLagrangianFields.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamLagrangianFields.H
index ade6112e61..58422d69f4 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamLagrangianFields.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamLagrangianFields.H
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ InClass
 #ifndef vtkPV3FoamLagrangianFields_H
 #define vtkPV3FoamLagrangianFields_H
 
+#include "Cloud.H"
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamMeshLagrangian.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamMeshLagrangian.C
index bfcffeb787..07d322d542 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamMeshLagrangian.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamMeshLagrangian.C
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ vtkPolyData* Foam::vtkPV3Foam::lagrangianVTKMesh
     if (debug)
     {
         Info<< "<beg> Foam::vtkPV3Foam::lagrangianVTKMesh - timePath "
-            << mesh.time().timePath()/"lagrangian"/cloudName << endl;
+            << mesh.time().timePath()/cloud::prefix/cloudName << endl;
         printMemory();
     }
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ vtkPolyData* Foam::vtkPV3Foam::lagrangianVTKMesh
     (
         mesh,
         mesh.time().timeName(),
-        "lagrangian"/cloudName
+        cloud::prefix/cloudName
     );
 
     IOobject* positionsPtr = sprayObjs.lookup("positions");
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamUpdateInfo.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamUpdateInfo.C
index e587c0cb1f..310a12efdf 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamUpdateInfo.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamUpdateInfo.C
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ License
 #include "IOPtrList.H"
 #include "polyBoundaryMeshEntries.H"
 #include "entry.H"
+#include "Cloud.H"
 #include "vtkPV3FoamReader.h"
 
 // local headers
@@ -148,16 +149,16 @@ void Foam::vtkPV3Foam::updateInfoLagrangian()
     if (debug)
     {
         Info<< "<beg> Foam::vtkPV3Foam::updateInfoLagrangian" << nl
-            << "    " << dbPtr_->timePath()/"lagrangian" << endl;
+            << "    " << dbPtr_->timePath()/cloud::prefix << endl;
     }
 
 
     // use the db directly since this might be called without a mesh,
     // but the region must get added back in
-    fileName lagrangianPrefix("lagrangian");
+    fileName lagrangianPrefix(cloud::prefix);
     if (meshRegion_ != polyMesh::defaultRegion)
     {
-        lagrangianPrefix = meshRegion_/"lagrangian";
+        lagrangianPrefix = meshRegion_/cloud::prefix;
     }
 
     // Search for list of lagrangian objects for this time
@@ -463,10 +464,10 @@ void Foam::vtkPV3Foam::updateInfoLagrangianFields()
 
     // use the db directly since this might be called without a mesh,
     // but the region must get added back in
-    fileName lagrangianPrefix("lagrangian");
+    fileName lagrangianPrefix(cloud::prefix);
     if (meshRegion_ != polyMesh::defaultRegion)
     {
-        lagrangianPrefix = meshRegion_/"lagrangian";
+        lagrangianPrefix = meshRegion_/cloud::prefix;
     }
 
     IOobjectList objects
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamUpdateInfoFields.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamUpdateInfoFields.H
index 8ef698872d..7e28460a46 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamUpdateInfoFields.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamUpdateInfoFields.H
@@ -40,7 +40,10 @@ void Foam::vtkPV3Foam::updateInfoFields
 {
     if (debug)
     {
-        Info<< "<beg> Foam::vtkPV3Foam::updateInfoFields" << endl;
+        Info<< "<beg> Foam::vtkPV3Foam::updateInfoFields <"
+            << meshType::Mesh::typeName
+            << "> [meshPtr=" << (meshPtr_ ? "set" : "NULL") << "]"
+            << endl;
     }
 
     stringList enabledEntries;
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamVolFields.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamVolFields.H
index a7cfc94e2c..4925a31284 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamVolFields.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/PV3FoamReader/vtkPV3Foam/vtkPV3FoamVolFields.H
@@ -326,10 +326,10 @@ void Foam::vtkPV3Foam::convertVolField
     const labelList& superCells = decompInfo.superCells();
 
     vtkFloatArray* celldata = vtkFloatArray::New();
-    celldata->SetNumberOfTuples( superCells.size() );
-    celldata->SetNumberOfComponents( nComp );
-    celldata->Allocate( nComp*superCells.size() );
-    celldata->SetName( tf.name().c_str() );
+    celldata->SetNumberOfTuples(superCells.size());
+    celldata->SetNumberOfComponents(nComp);
+    celldata->Allocate(nComp*superCells.size());
+    celldata->SetName(tf.name().c_str());
 
     if (debug)
     {
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/USERD_get_gold_part_build_info.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/USERD_get_gold_part_build_info.H
index 70d5c9f2a7..ca8da4727c 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/USERD_get_gold_part_build_info.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/USERD_get_gold_part_build_info.H
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ int USERD_get_gold_part_build_info
     for(label i=0; i<nPatches; i++)
     {
         word patchName(meshPtr->boundary()[i].name());
-        strncpy(part_descriptions[i+1], patchName.c_str(), Z_BUFL);   
+        strncpy(part_descriptions[i+1], patchName.c_str(), Z_BUFL);
     }
 
     label nHex08 = 0;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ int USERD_get_gold_part_build_info
         */
 
     number_of_nodes[0] = meshPtr->nPoints();
-    
+
     const polyBoundaryMesh& bMesh = meshPtr->boundaryMesh();
 
     for(label i=0; i<nPatches; i++)
@@ -137,7 +137,12 @@ int USERD_get_gold_part_build_info
 
     if (Numparts_available > nPatches+1)
     {
-        strncpy(part_descriptions[nPatches+1], sprayName.c_str(), Z_BUFL);
+        strncpy
+        (
+            part_descriptions[nPatches+1],
+            cloud::prefix.c_str(),
+            Z_BUFL
+        );
         number_of_elements[nPatches+1][Z_POINT] = sprayPtr->size();
         number_of_nodes[nPatches+1] = sprayPtr->size();
     }
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/USERD_set_filenames.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/USERD_set_filenames.H
index 90f2d3f415..83303fef71 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/USERD_set_filenames.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/USERD_set_filenames.H
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ int USERD_set_filenames
     (
         "positions",
         runTime.timeName(),
-        "lagrangian",
+        cloud::prefix,
         runTime,
         IOobject::NO_READ,
         IOobject::NO_WRITE,
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ int USERD_set_filenames
 
         sprayPtr = new Cloud<passiveParticle>(*meshPtr);
 
-        IOobjectList objects(*meshPtr, runTime.timeName(), "lagrangian");
+        IOobjectList objects(*meshPtr, runTime.timeName(), cloud::prefix);
 
         lagrangianScalarNames =
             (const wordList&)objects.names(sprayScalarFieldName);
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/getLagrangianScalar.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/getLagrangianScalar.H
index e9259e3cc7..39ccf6c07f 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/getLagrangianScalar.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/getLagrangianScalar.H
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ if (nVar >= 0)
         (
             name,
             runTime.timeName(),
-            "lagrangian",
+            cloud::prefix,
             mesh,
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/getLagrangianVector.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/getLagrangianVector.H
index 42fcc8560f..80c71ba028 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/getLagrangianVector.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/getLagrangianVector.H
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ if (nVar >= 0)
         (
             name,
             runTime.timeName(),
-            "lagrangian",
+            cloud::prefix,
             mesh,
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/globalFoam.H b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/globalFoam.H
index 4606671860..d68861b138 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/globalFoam.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/graphics/ensightFoamReader/globalFoam.H
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ static bool isSpray[maxNames];
 static word scalarName             = "volScalarField";
 static word vectorName             = "volVectorField";
 static word tensorName             = "volTensorField";
-static word sprayName              = "lagrangian";
 static word sprayScalarFieldName   = "scalarField";
 static word sprayVectorFieldName   = "vectorField";
 static word sprayTensorFieldName   = "tensorField";
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/engineCompRatio/engineCompRatio.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/engineCompRatio/engineCompRatio.C
index 34ebbc75dc..65356b382b 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/engineCompRatio/engineCompRatio.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/engineCompRatio/engineCompRatio.C
@@ -40,57 +40,50 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    #include "setRootCase.H"
+    #include "createEngineTime.H"
+    #include "createEngineMesh.H"
 
-#   include "setRootCase.H"
-#   include "createEngineTime.H"
-#   include "createEngineMesh.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+    // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
     scalar eps = 1.0e-10;
     scalar fullCycle = 360.0;
 
     scalar ca0 = -180.0;
     scalar ca1 = 0.0;
-    scalar ca = runTime.theta();
 
-    while (ca > ca0)
+    while (runTime.theta() > ca0)
     {
         ca0 += fullCycle;
         ca1 += fullCycle;
     }
 
-    if (mag(ca - ca0) > eps)
+    while (mag(runTime.theta() - ca0) > eps)
     {
-        while(mag(ca - ca0) > eps)
-        {
-            ca = runTime.theta();
-            scalar t0 = runTime.userTimeToTime(ca0 - ca);
-            runTime.setDeltaT(t0);
-            runTime++;
-            Info << "CA = " << ca << endl;
-            mesh.move();
-        }
+        scalar t0 = runTime.userTimeToTime(ca0 - runTime.theta());
+        runTime.setDeltaT(t0);
+        runTime++;
+        Info<< "CA = " << runTime.theta() << endl;
+        mesh.move();
     }
 
     scalar Vmax = sum(mesh.V().field());
 
-    while(mag(ca-ca1) > eps)
+    while (mag(runTime.theta()-ca1) > eps)
     {
-        ca = runTime.theta();
-        scalar t1 = runTime.userTimeToTime(ca1-ca);
+        scalar t1 = runTime.userTimeToTime(ca1-runTime.theta());
         runTime.setDeltaT(t1);
         runTime++;
-        Info << "CA = " << runTime.theta() << endl;
+        Info<< "CA = " << runTime.theta() << endl;
         mesh.move();
     }
 
     scalar Vmin = sum(mesh.V().field());
 
-    Info << "\nVmax = " << Vmax;
-    Info << ", Vmin = " << Vmin << endl;
-    Info << "Vmax/Vmin = " << Vmax/Vmin << endl;
-    Info << "\n end\n";
+    Info<< "\nVmax = " << Vmax;
+    Info<< ", Vmin = " << Vmin << endl;
+    Info<< "Vmax/Vmin = " << Vmax/Vmin << endl;
+    Info<< "\nEnd" << endl;
 
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/ptot/ptot.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/ptot/ptot.C
index bb41fb60d4..26d66de83e 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/ptot/ptot.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/ptot/ptot.C
@@ -36,25 +36,18 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/wdot/wdot.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/wdot/wdot.C
index 79f23de3e7..81a0c46979 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/wdot/wdot.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/wdot/wdot.C
@@ -37,25 +37,18 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         mesh.readUpdate();
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/writeCellCentres/writeCellCentres.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/writeCellCentres/writeCellCentres.C
index f420edf6ad..bc26ec509f 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/writeCellCentres/writeCellCentres.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/miscellaneous/writeCellCentres/writeCellCentres.C
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ Description
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "argList.H"
+#include "timeSelector.H"
+#include "Time.H"
 #include "fvMesh.H"
 #include "vectorIOField.H"
 #include "volFields.H"
@@ -41,23 +43,18 @@ using namespace Foam;
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
+
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
@@ -77,10 +74,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             mesh.C()
         );
 
-        //Info<< "Writing cellCentre positions to " << cc.name() << " in "
-        //    << runTime.timeName() << endl;
+        // Info<< "Writing cellCentre positions to " << cc.name() << " in "
+        //     << runTime.timeName() << endl;
         //
-        //cc.write();
+        // cc.write();
 
         Info<< "Writing components of cellCentre positions to volScalarFields"
             << " ccx, ccy, ccz in " <<  runTime.timeName() << endl;
@@ -104,7 +101,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         }
     }
 
-    Info << nl << "End" << endl;
+    Info<< "\nEnd" << endl;
 
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/probeLocations/probeLocations.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/probeLocations/probeLocations.C
index 6e9ee2f228..18ba96c4f1 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/probeLocations/probeLocations.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/probeLocations/probeLocations.C
@@ -39,10 +39,12 @@ using namespace Foam;
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
     timeSelector::addOptions();
+#   include "addRegionOption.H"
+
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
 #   include "createTime.H"
     instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
-#   include "createMesh.H"
+#   include "createNamedMesh.H"
 
     IOprobes sniff
     (
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/Make/options b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/Make/options
index 04b22c08a4..ae583f3388 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/Make/options
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/Make/options
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ EXE_INC = \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/sampling/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/surfMesh/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/triSurface/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/lagrangian/basic/lnInclude
 
@@ -9,5 +10,6 @@ EXE_LIBS = \
     -lfiniteVolume \
     -lmeshTools \
     -lsampling \
+    -lsurfMesh \
     -ltriSurface \
     -llagrangian
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/sample.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/sample.C
index 2735ed2dff..2451522ffe 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/sample.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/sample.C
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ Description
       - dx          : DX scalar or vector format
       - vtk         : VTK ascii format
       - raw         : x y z value format for use with e.g. gnuplot 'splot'.
+      - obj         : Wavefron stl. Does not contain values!
       - stl         : ascii stl. Does not contain values!
 
     @param interpolationScheme : interpolation scheme, choice of \n
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/sampleDict b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/sampleDict
index 215add79a7..559eb28436 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/sampleDict
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/sampling/sample/sampleDict
@@ -30,7 +30,10 @@ setFormat raw;
 //      dx          : DX scalar or vector format
 //      vtk         : VTK ascii format
 //      raw         : x y z value format for use with e.g. gnuplot 'splot'.
-//      stl         : ascii stl. Does not contain values!
+//
+// Note:
+// other formats such as obj, stl, etc can also be written (by proxy)
+// but without any values!
 surfaceFormat vtk;
 
 // interpolationScheme. choice of
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/scalarField/pPrime2/pPrime2.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/scalarField/pPrime2/pPrime2.C
index 6729389218..54a7b53c46 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/scalarField/pPrime2/pPrime2.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/scalarField/pPrime2/pPrime2.C
@@ -38,23 +38,16 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    runTime.setTime(Times[endTime-1], endTime-1);
+    runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeDirs.size()-1], timeDirs.size()-1);
 
     volScalarField pMean
     (
@@ -68,9 +61,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         mesh
     );
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/stressField/stressComponents/stressComponents.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/stressField/stressComponents/stressComponents.C
index 2c481b8927..aa26a0e0c0 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/stressField/stressComponents/stressComponents.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/stressField/stressComponents/stressComponents.C
@@ -35,30 +35,22 @@ Description
 #include "incompressible/singlePhaseTransportModel/singlePhaseTransportModel.H"
 #include "zeroGradientFvPatchFields.H"
 
-
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMesh.H"
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/turbulence/createTurbulenceFields/createTurbulenceFields.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/turbulence/createTurbulenceFields/createTurbulenceFields.C
index 5e15aff046..c4a556f21f 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/turbulence/createTurbulenceFields/createTurbulenceFields.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/turbulence/createTurbulenceFields/createTurbulenceFields.C
@@ -42,24 +42,19 @@ Source files:
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
-    #include "addTimeOptions.H"
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
+
     #include "setRootCase.H"
     #include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-    #include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
     #include "createMesh.H"
-
     #include "createFields.H"
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< "Time = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/velocityField/streamFunction/streamFunction.C b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/velocityField/streamFunction/streamFunction.C
index 98c044ca3e..68d4c8d698 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/postProcessing/velocityField/streamFunction/streamFunction.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/postProcessing/velocityField/streamFunction/streamFunction.C
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Application
     streamFunction
 
 Description
-    Calculates and writes the stream function of velocity field U at each time 
+    Calculates and writes the stream function of velocity field U at each time
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
@@ -42,27 +42,20 @@ Description
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
+    timeSelector::addOptions();
 
-#   include "addTimeOptions.H"
 #   include "setRootCase.H"
-
 #   include "createTime.H"
 
-    // Get times list
-    instantList Times = runTime.times();
-
-    // set startTime and endTime depending on -time and -latestTime options
-#   include "checkTimeOptions.H"
-
-    runTime.setTime(Times[startTime], startTime);
+    instantList timeDirs = timeSelector::select0(runTime, args);
 
 #   include "createMeshNoClear.H"
 
     pointMesh pMesh(mesh);
 
-    for (label i=startTime; i<endTime; i++)
+    forAll(timeDirs, timeI)
     {
-        runTime.setTime(Times[i], i);
+        runTime.setTime(timeDirs[timeI], timeI);
 
         Info<< nl << "Time: " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
diff --git a/applications/utilities/preProcessing/mapFields/MapLagrangianFields.H b/applications/utilities/preProcessing/mapFields/MapLagrangianFields.H
index 830d6d825d..176a25f0f7 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/preProcessing/mapFields/MapLagrangianFields.H
+++ b/applications/utilities/preProcessing/mapFields/MapLagrangianFields.H
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ Description
 #ifndef MapLagrangianFields_H
 #define MapLagrangianFields_H
 
+#include "cloud.H"
 #include "GeometricField.H"
 #include "meshToMesh.H"
 #include "IOobjectList.H"
@@ -60,8 +61,7 @@ void MapLagrangianFields
 
     forAllIter(IOobjectList, fields, fieldIter)
     {
-        Info<< "    mapping lagrangian field "
-            << fieldIter()->name() << endl;
+        Info<< "    mapping lagrangian field " << fieldIter()->name() << endl;
 
         // Read field (does not need mesh)
         IOField<Type> fieldSource(*fieldIter());
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ void MapLagrangianFields
             (
                 fieldIter()->name(),
                 meshTarget.time().timeName(),
-                "lagrangian"/cloudName,
+                cloud::prefix/cloudName,
                 meshTarget,
                 IOobject::NO_READ,
                 IOobject::NO_WRITE,
diff --git a/applications/utilities/preProcessing/mapFields/mapLagrangian.C b/applications/utilities/preProcessing/mapFields/mapLagrangian.C
index e57aa9761c..9d04dcfbec 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/preProcessing/mapFields/mapLagrangian.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/preProcessing/mapFields/mapLagrangian.C
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ void mapLagrangian(const meshToMesh& meshToMeshInterp)
     (
         readDir
         (
-            meshSource.time().timePath()/"lagrangian",
+            meshSource.time().timePath()/cloud::prefix,
             fileName::DIRECTORY
         )
     );
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ void mapLagrangian(const meshToMesh& meshToMeshInterp)
         (
             meshSource,
             meshSource.time().timeName(),
-            "lagrangian"/cloudDirs[cloudI]
+            cloud::prefix/cloudDirs[cloudI]
         );
 
         IOobject* positionsPtr = objects.lookup("positions");
diff --git a/applications/utilities/surface/surfaceMeshConvertTesting/surfaceMeshConvertTesting.C b/applications/utilities/surface/surfaceMeshConvertTesting/surfaceMeshConvertTesting.C
index ccd85d8e5a..f245e4088b 100644
--- a/applications/utilities/surface/surfaceMeshConvertTesting/surfaceMeshConvertTesting.C
+++ b/applications/utilities/surface/surfaceMeshConvertTesting/surfaceMeshConvertTesting.C
@@ -271,13 +271,57 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                 args.caseName()
             );
 
+            // start with "constant"
+            runTime.setTime(instant(0, runTime.constant()), 0);
+
+            Info<< "runTime.instance() = " << runTime.instance() << endl;
+            Info<< "runTime.timeName() = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
+
+
+            Info<< "write MeshedSurface 'yetAnother' via proxy as surfMesh"
+                << endl;
+            surf.write
+            (
+                runTime,
+                "yetAnother"
+            );
+
+            surfMesh surfIn
+            (
+                IOobject
+                (
+                    "default",
+                    runTime.timeName(),
+                    runTime,
+                    IOobject::MUST_READ,
+                    IOobject::NO_WRITE
+                )
+            );
+
+
+            MeshedSurface<face> surfIn2(runTime, "foobar");
+
+            Info<<"surfIn2 = " << surfIn2.size() << endl;
+
+            Info<< "surfIn = " << surfIn.size() << endl;
+
+
+            Info<< "writing surfMesh as obj = oldSurfIn.obj" << endl;
+            surfIn.write("oldSurfIn.obj");
+
+
+            Info<< "runTime.instance() = " << runTime.instance() << endl;
+
             surfMesh surfOut
             (
                 IOobject
                 (
                     "mySurf",
                     runTime.instance(),
-                    runTime
+                    runTime,
+                    IOobject::NO_READ,
+                    IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+                    false
                 ),
                 surf.xfer()
             );
@@ -299,6 +343,25 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                 dimless
             );
 
+            Info<<" surf name= " << surfOut.name() <<nl;
+            Info<< "rename to anotherSurf" << endl;
+            surfOut.rename("anotherSurf");
+
+            Info<<" surf name= " << surfOut.name() <<nl;
+
+            // advance time to 1
+            runTime.setTime(instant(1), 1);
+            surfOut.setInstance(runTime.timeName());
+
+
+
+            Info<< "writing surfMesh again well: " << surfOut.objectPath() << endl;
+            surfOut.write();
+
+            // write directly
+            surfOut.write("someName.ofs");
+
+#if 1
             const surfZoneList& zones = surfOut.surfZones();
             forAll(zones, zoneI)
             {
@@ -318,9 +381,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             (
                 IOobject
                 (
-                    "pointIds",
+                    "zoneIds.",
+//                    "pointIds",
                     surfOut.instance(),
-                    "pointFields",
+//                    "pointFields",
                     surfOut,
                     IOobject::NO_READ,
                     IOobject::NO_WRITE
@@ -337,6 +401,10 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             Info<< "write pointIds (for testing only): "
                 << pointIds.objectPath() << endl;
             pointIds.write();
+
+            Info<<"surfMesh with these names: " << surfOut.names() << endl;
+
+#endif
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/etc/bashrc b/etc/bashrc
index e9f9c6f9cf..ce10b39e78 100644
--- a/etc/bashrc
+++ b/etc/bashrc
@@ -77,12 +77,6 @@ export WM_PROJECT_USER_DIR=$HOME/$WM_PROJECT/$USER-$WM_PROJECT_VERSION
 export WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR=$WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR/ThirdParty
 
 
-# Operating System/Platform from Unix or MSWindows
-# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-# WM_OS = Unix | MSWindows
-: ${WM_OS:=Unix}; export WM_OS
-
-
 # Compiler: set to Gcc, Gcc43 or Icc (for Intel's icc)
 # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 : ${WM_COMPILER:=Gcc}; export WM_COMPILER
@@ -105,7 +99,7 @@ export WM_COMPILER_LIB_ARCH=
 # WM_JAVAC_OPTION = Opt | Debug
 : ${WM_JAVAC_OPTION:=Opt}; export WM_JAVAC_OPTION
 
-# WM_MPLIB = | OPENMPI | LAM | MPICH | MPICH-GM | HPMPI | GAMMA | MPI
+# WM_MPLIB = | OPENMPI | LAM | MPICH | MPICH-GM | HPMPI | GAMMA | MPI | QSMPI
 : ${WM_MPLIB:=OPENMPI}; export WM_MPLIB
 
 
diff --git a/etc/controlDict b/etc/controlDict
index b58b605b3c..5cbe331fe5 100644
--- a/etc/controlDict
+++ b/etc/controlDict
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ Documentation
 
 DebugSwitches
 {
+    Analytical          0;
     APIdiffCoefFunc     0;
     Ar                  0;
     BICCG               0;
@@ -57,18 +58,25 @@ DebugSwitches
     C8H18               0;
     C9H20               0;
     CH3OH               0;
-    CallbackRegistry    0;
+    CH4N2O              0;
     CarnahanStarling    0;
+    CallbackRegistry    0;
+    CentredFitData<biLinearFitPolynomial>           0;
+    CentredFitData<linearFitPolynomial>             0;
+    CentredFitData<quadraticFitPolynomial>          0;
+    CentredFitData<quadraticLinearFitPolynomial>    0;
     ChomiakInjector     0;
+    Cloud<basicKinematicParcel> 0;
+    Cloud<basicReactingParcel>  0;
+    Cloud<basicThermoParcel>    0;
     Cloud<indexedParticle>  0;
-    Cloud<kinematicParcel>  0;
     Cloud<parcel>           0;
     Cloud<passiveParticle>  0;
-    Cloud<reactingParcel>   0;
-    Cloud<thermoParcel>     0;
     Cloud<trackedParticle>  0;
     CoEuler             0;
     CompositionModel    0;
+    ConeInjection       0;
+    Constant            0;
     ConstantRateDevolatilisation    0;
     CrankNicholson      0;
     CrossPowerLaw       0;
@@ -77,6 +85,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     DICGaussSeidel      0;
     DILU                0;
     DILUGaussSeidel     0;
+    DataEntry           0;
     DeardorffDiffStress 0;
     DispersionModel     0;
     DispersionRASModel  0;
@@ -107,39 +116,40 @@ DebugSwitches
     H2O                 0;
     HashTable           0;
     HeatTransferModel   0;
+    HerschelBulkley     0;
     HrenyaSinclair      0;
     IC8H18              0;
     ICCG                0;
+    IDDESDelta          0;
     IDEA                0;
     IFstream            0;
+    IOMap<dictionary>   0;
     IOPtrList<MRFZone>  0;
     IOPtrList<coordinateSystem> 0;
     IOPtrList<injector> 0;
     IOPtrList<porousZone>   0;
     IOobject            0;
     InjectionModel      0;
+    IntegrationScheme   0;
     JohnsonJackson      0;
     KRR4                0;
-    KinematicCloud<kinematicParcel> 0;
-    KinematicCloud<reactingParcel>  0;
-    KinematicCloud<thermoParcel>    0;
-    KinematicParcel<reactingParcel> 0;
-    KinematicParcel<thermoParcel>   0;
+    KinematicCloud<basicKinematicParcel> 0;
+    KinematicCloud<basicReactingParcel> 0;
+    KinematicCloud<basicThermoParcel>   0;
+    KinematicParcel<basicReactingParcel> 0;
+    KinematicParcel<basicThermoParcel>  0;
+    LESModel            0;
     LESdelta            0;
     LESfilter           0;
-    LESmodel            0;
     LISA                0;
     LRR                 0;
     LRRDiffStress       0;
     LamBremhorstKE      0;
     LaunderGibsonRSTM   0;
     LaunderSharmaKE     0;
-    LduMatrix           1;
     LienCubicKE         0;
     LienCubicKELowRe    0;
     LienLeschzinerLowRe 0;
-    Lun                 0;
-    LunSavage           0;
     MB                  0;
     MC                  0;
     MCV                 0;
@@ -191,11 +201,12 @@ DebugSwitches
     QUICK               0;
     QUICKV              0;
     QZeta               0;
+    RASModel            0;
     RK                  0;
     RNGkEpsilon         0;
     RanzMarshall        0;
-    ReactingCloud<reactingParcel> 0;
-    ReactingParcel<reactingParcel> 0;
+    ReactingCloud<basicReactingParcel>  0;
+    ReactingParcel<basicReactingParcel> 0;
     Rebound             0;
     ReitzDiwakar        0;
     ReitzKHRT           0;
@@ -208,6 +219,8 @@ DebugSwitches
     SIBS                0;
     SKA                 0;
     SLTS                0;
+    SRFModel            0;
+    SRFVelocity         0;
     STARCDRotation      0;
     Schaeffer           0;
     SchillerNaumann     0;
@@ -215,8 +228,9 @@ DebugSwitches
     SingleKineticRateDevolatilisation 0;
     SingleMixtureFraction   0;
     Smagorinsky         0;
-    SmoothSolver        0;
     SpalartAllmaras     0;
+    SpalartAllmarasDDES 0;
+    SpalartAllmarasIDDES    0;
     SphereDrag          0;
     StandardWallInteraction 0;
     StaticHashTable     0;
@@ -228,13 +242,17 @@ DebugSwitches
     SyamlalOBrien       0;
     SyamlalRogersOBrien 0;
     TAB                 0;
-    ThermoCloud<reactingParcel> 0;
-    ThermoCloud<thermoParcel>   0;
-    ThermoParcel<reactingParcel> 0;
-    ThermoParcel<thermoParcel>  0;
+    Table               0;
+    ThermoCloud<basicReactingParcel>    0;
+    ThermoCloud<basicThermoParcel>      0;
+    ThermoParcel<basicReactingParcel>   0;
+    ThermoParcel<basicThermoParcel>     0;
     UMIST               0;
     UMISTV              0;
     Unix                0;
+    UpwindFitData<cubicUpwindFitPolynomial> 0;
+    UpwindFitData<quadraticLinearUpwindFitPolynomial> 0;
+    UpwindFitData<quadraticUpwindFitPolynomial>     0;
     WallInteractionModel 0;
     WenYu               0;
     aC11H10             0;
@@ -245,6 +263,9 @@ DebugSwitches
     addPoint            0;
     advective           0;
     algebraicPair       0;
+    alphaContactAngle   0;
+    alphaFixedPressure  0;
+    alphatWallFunction  0;
     angularOscillatingDisplacement  0;
     angularOscillatingVelocity  0;
     anisotropic         0;
@@ -252,14 +273,21 @@ DebugSwitches
     atomizationModel    0;
     attachDetach        0;
     autoHexMeshDriver   0;
+    autoLayerDriver     0;
+    autoRefineDriver    0;
+    autoSnapDriver      0;
     bC11H10             0;
     backward            0;
     basePatch           0;
     basicKinematicCloud 0;
+    basicKinematicParcel 0;
     basicMixture        0;
     basicReactingCloud  0;
+    basicReactingParcel 0;
     basicThermo         0;
     basicThermoCloud    0;
+    basicThermoParcel   0;
+    biLinearFit         0;
     binaryAbsorptionEmission 0;
     blended             0;
     blobsSheetAtomization   0;
@@ -274,7 +302,6 @@ DebugSwitches
     boxToPoint          0;
     breakupModel        0;
     calculated          0;
-    cartesian           0;
     cell                0;
     cellClassification  0;
     cellCuts            0;
@@ -292,6 +319,8 @@ DebugSwitches
     cellToFace          0;
     cellToPoint         0;
     cellZone            0;
+    centredCECStencil   0;
+    centredCFCStencil   0;
     chemistryReader     0;
     chemistrySolver     0;
     chemkinReader       0;
@@ -304,24 +333,25 @@ DebugSwitches
     commSchedule        0;
     commonRailInjector  0;
     compound            0;
-    conductivityModel   0;
     constInjector       0;
     constant            0;
     constantAbsorptionEmission  0;
-    constantGammaContactAngle   0;
+    constantAlphaContactAngle   0;
     constantScatter     0;
     coordinateRotation  0;
     coordinateSystem    0;
+    coordinateSystems   0;
     corrected           0;
     coupled             0;
     cubeRootVol         0;
     cubic               0;
+    cubicUpwindFit      0;
     curve               0;
     cyclic              0;
     cyclicLduInterface  0;
     cyclicLduInterfaceField 0;
+    cylinderToCell      0;
     cylindrical         0;
-    dataSchedule        0;
     decompositionMethod 0;
     definedHollowConeInjector 0;
     definedInjector     0;
@@ -332,6 +362,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     dimensionSet        1;
     directMapped        0;
     directMappedPatch   0;
+    directMappedVelocityFlux 0;
     directionMixed      0;
     directional         0;
     disallowDefaultFvsPatchField 0;
@@ -345,6 +376,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     displacementInterpolation 0;
     displacementLaplacian 0;
     displacementSBRStress 0;
+    distanceSurface     0;
     downwind            0;
     dragModel           0;
     duplicatePoints     0;
@@ -352,8 +384,8 @@ DebugSwitches
     dynMixedSmagorinsky 0;
     dynOneEqEddy        0;
     dynSmagorinsky      0;
+    dynamicAlphaContactAngle 0;
     dynamicFvMesh       0;
-    dynamicGammaContactAngle 0;
     dynamicInkJetFvMesh 0;
     dynamicMotionSolverFvMesh 0;
     dynamicRefineFvMesh 0;
@@ -363,6 +395,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     empty               0;
     engineMesh          0;
     enrichedPatch       0;
+    epsilonWallFunction 0;
     errorDrivenRefinement   0;
     evaporationModel    0;
     exponential         0;
@@ -387,13 +420,20 @@ DebugSwitches
     filteredLinear      0;
     filteredLinear2     0;
     filteredLinear2V    0;
+    filteredLinear3     0;
+    filteredLinear3V    0;
     fixedEnthalpy       0;
     fixedFluxBuoyantPressure 0;
+    fixedFluxBoussinesqBuoyantPressure 0;
     fixedFluxPressure   0;
     fixedGradient       0;
+    fixedInternalEnergy 0;
+    fixedInternalValue  0;
     fixedNormalSlip     0;
+    fixedPressureCompressibleDensity 0;
     fixedUnburntEnthalpy 0;
     fixedValue          0;
+    flowRateInletVelocity   0;
     fluxCorrectedVelocity   0;
     foamChemistryReader 0;
     foamFile            0;
@@ -416,8 +456,6 @@ DebugSwitches
     fvTensorMatrix      0;
     fvVectorMatrix      0;
     fvsPatchField       0;
-    gammaContactAngle   0;
-    gammaFixedPressure  0;
     general             0;
     generic             0;
     genericPatch        0;
@@ -429,6 +467,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     gnuplot             0;
     gradientDispersionRAS   0;
     gradientEnthalpy        0;
+    gradientInternalEnergy  0;
     gradientUnburntEnthalpy 0;
     granularPressureModel   0;
     hCombustionThermo   0;
@@ -459,25 +498,29 @@ DebugSwitches
     hhuMixtureThermo<veryInhomogeneousMixture<sutherlandTransport<specieThermo<janafThermo<perfectGas>>>>> 0;
     hierarchical        0;
     hollowConeInjector  0;
+    iC3H8O              0;
     indexedOctree       0;
     indexedParticle     0;
     injectorModel       0;
     injectorType        0;
     inletOutlet         0;
     inletOutletTotalTemperature 0;
-    inputMode           0;
     interfaceCompression 0;
     intersectedSurface  0;
     inverseDistance     0;
     inverseFaceDistance 0;
     inversePointDistance 0;
     inverseVolume       0;
+    isoSurface          0;
+    isoSurfaceCell      0;
     jplot               0;
     jumpCyclic          0;
     kEpsilon            0;
+    kOmega              0;
     kOmegaSST           0;
+    kOmegaSSTSAS        0;
+    kQRWallFunction     0;
     kinematicCloud      0;
-    kinematicParcel     0;
     labelField          0;
     labelList           0;
     labelListList       0;
@@ -496,6 +539,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     leastSquares        0;
     leastSquaresVectors 0;
     level               2;
+    limitWith           0;
     limited             0;
     limitedCubic        0;
     limitedCubic01      0;
@@ -510,6 +554,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     limitedSurfaceInterpolationScheme 0;
     limitedVanLeer      0;
     linear              0;
+    linearFit           0;
     linearUpwind        0;
     linearUpwindV       0;
     liquid              0;
@@ -520,7 +565,6 @@ DebugSwitches
     localPointRegion    0;
     lowReOneEqEddy      0;
     manual              0;
-    massFlowRateInletVelocity 0;
     meshCutAndRemove    0;
     meshCutter          0;
     meshModifier        0;
@@ -532,6 +576,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     midPointAndFace     0;
     mixed               0;
     mixedEnthalpy       0;
+    mixedInternalEnergy 0;
     mixedSmagorinsky    0;
     mixedUnburntEnthalpy 0;
     mixerFvMesh         0;
@@ -544,22 +589,32 @@ DebugSwitches
     motionSolver        0;
     movingConeTopoFvMesh 0;
     movingWallVelocity  0;
-    muSgsWallFunction   0;
+    muSgsSpalartAllmarasWallFunction 0;
     multiDirRefinement  0;
+    multiHoleInjector   0;
     multivariateSelection 0;
-    mutStandardRoughWallFunction 0;
+    mutRoughWallFunction 0;
+    mutSpalartAllmarasStandardRoughWallFunction  0;
+    mutSpalartAllmarasStandardWallFunction  0;
+    mutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction  0;
+    mutWallFunction     0;
+    nC3H8O              0;
     nbrToCell           0;
     nearestToCell       0;
+    nearestToPoint      0;
     noAbsorptionEmission 0;
     noDragModel         0;
     noRadiation         0;
     none                0;
     normal              0;
     normalToFace        0;
-    nuSgsWallFunction   0;
-    nutStandardRoughWallFunction 0;
-    nutStandardWallFunction 0;
+    nuSgsSpalartAllmarasWallFunction 0;
+    nutRoughWallFunction 0;
+    nutSpalartAllmarasStandardRoughWallFunction  0;
+    nutSpalartAllmarasStandardWallFunction  0;
+    nutSpalartAllmarasWallFunction  0;
     nutWallFunction     0;
+    obj                 0;
     objectRegistry      0;
     octree              0;
     octreeDataEdges     0;
@@ -567,7 +622,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     octreeDataFaceList  0;
     octreeDataTriSurface 0;
     off                 0;
-    offsetTriSurfaceMesh 0;
+    omegaWallFunction   0;
     oneEqEddy           0;
     orientedSurface     0;
     oscillatingDisplacement 0;
@@ -609,11 +664,13 @@ DebugSwitches
     polyMeshInfo        0;
     polyTopoChange      0;
     polyTopoChanger     0;
+    powerLaw            0;
     pressureDirectedInletOutletVelocity 0;
     pressureDirectedInletVelocity 0;
     pressureInletOutletVelocity 0;
     pressureInletUniformVelocity 0;
     pressureInletVelocity 0;
+    pressureNormalInletOutletVelocity 0;
     pressureSwirlInjector 0;
     primitiveMesh       0;
     primitiveMeshGeometry 0;
@@ -625,11 +682,13 @@ DebugSwitches
     pureMixture<sutherlandTransport<specieThermo<hConstThermo<perfectGas>>>> 0;
     pureMixture<sutherlandTransport<specieThermo<janafThermo<perfectGas>>>> 0;
     quadratic           0;
-    radialModel         0;
+    quadraticFit        0;
+    quadraticLinearFit  0;
+    quadraticLinearUpwindFit 0;
+    quadraticUpwindFit  0;
     radiationModel      0;
     raw                 0;
     reactingCloud       0;
-    reactingParcel      0;
     reaction            0;
     realizableKE        0;
     refinementHistory   0;
@@ -637,6 +696,7 @@ DebugSwitches
     reflect             0;
     regIOobject         0;
     regionSplit         0;
+    regionToCell        0;
     remove              0;
     removeCell          0;
     removeCells         0;
@@ -720,11 +780,12 @@ DebugSwitches
     tensorAverageField  0;
     tensorField         0;
     thermoCloud         0;
-    thermoParcel        0;
     thermophysicalFunction 0;
     time                0;
-    timeVaryingGammaContactAngle 0;
+    timeVaryingAlphaContactAngle 0;
+    timeVaryingFlowRateInletVelocity 0;
     timeVaryingMappedFixedValue 0;
+    timeVaryingTotalPressure 0;
     timeVaryingUniformFixedValue 0;
     timer               0;
     topoAction          0;
@@ -745,17 +806,19 @@ DebugSwitches
     treeNode            0;
     triSurface          0;
     triSurfaceMesh      0;
-    triSurfaceMeshes    0;
     turbulenceModel     0;
+    turbulentHeatFluxTemperature 0;
     turbulentInlet      0;
     turbulentIntensityKineticEnergyInlet 0;
     turbulentMixingLengthDissipationRateInlet 0;
+    turbulentMixingLengthFrequencyInlet 0;
     uncorrected         0;
     undoableMeshCutter  0;
     uniform             0;
     uniformFixedValue   0;
     unitInjector        0;
     upwind              0;
+    upwindCFCStencil    0;
     value               0;
     vanAlbada           0;
     vanAlbadaV          0;
@@ -817,31 +880,30 @@ DimensionedConstants
     // SI units
 
     //- Universal gas constant [J/(kmol K)]
-    R    8314.51;
+    R           8314.51;
 
     //- Standard pressure [Pa]
-    Pstd 1.0e5;
+    Pstd        1.0e5;
 
     //- Standard temperature [K]
-    Tstd 298.15;
+    Tstd        298.15;
 
     //- Stefan-Boltzmann constant [J/(K4 m2 s)]
-    sigmaSB         sigmaSB [1 0 -3 -4 0 0 0] 5.670e-08;
-
+    sigmaSB     sigmaSB [1 0 -3 -4 0 0 0] 5.670e-08;
 
     /* USCS units
 
     //- Universal gas constant [lbm ft2/(s2 kmol R)]
-    R    3406.78;
+    R           3406.78;
 
     //- Standard pressure [lbm/(ft2)]
-    Pstd  2088.6;
+    Pstd        2088.6;
 
     //- Standard temperature [degR]
-    Tstd  536.67;
+    Tstd        536.67;
 
     //- Stefan-Boltzmann constant [lbm /(degR4 ft s)]
-    sigmaSB         sigmaSB [1 0 -3 -4 0 0 0] 8.2292e-08;
+    sigmaSB     sigmaSB [1 0 -3 -4 0 0 0] 8.2292e-08;
     */
 }
 
diff --git a/etc/cshrc b/etc/cshrc
index bcda5b6318..a46cf3ee47 100644
--- a/etc/cshrc
+++ b/etc/cshrc
@@ -71,12 +71,6 @@ setenv WM_PROJECT_USER_DIR $HOME/$WM_PROJECT/$LOGNAME-$WM_PROJECT_VERSION
 setenv WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR $WM_PROJECT_INST_DIR/ThirdParty
 
 
-# Operating System/Platform from Unix or MSWindows
-# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-# WM_OS = Unix | MSWindows
-if ( ! $?WM_OS ) setenv WM_OS Unix
-
-
 # Compiler: set to Gcc, Gcc43 or Icc (for Intel's icc)
 # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 if ( ! $?WM_COMPILER ) setenv WM_COMPILER Gcc
@@ -99,7 +93,7 @@ if ( ! $?WM_COMPILE_OPTION ) setenv WM_COMPILE_OPTION Opt
 # WM_JAVAC_OPTION = Opt | Debug
 if ( ! $?WM_JAVAC_OPTION ) setenv WM_JAVAC_OPTION Opt
 
-# WM_MPLIB = | OPENMPI | LAM | MPICH | MPICH-GM | HPMPI | GAMMA | MPI
+# WM_MPLIB = | OPENMPI | LAM | MPICH | MPICH-GM | HPMPI | GAMMA | MPI | QSMPI
 if ( ! $?WM_MPLIB ) setenv WM_MPLIB OPENMPI
 
 
diff --git a/etc/settings.csh b/etc/settings.csh
index a38ec5eacd..d36a91ad5b 100644
--- a/etc/settings.csh
+++ b/etc/settings.csh
@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@ switch ("$compilerInstall")
 case OpenFOAM:
     switch ("$WM_COMPILER")
     case Gcc:
-        setenv WM_COMPILER_DIR $WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/gcc-4.3.2/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH
-        _foamAddLib $WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/mpfr-2.3.2/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH/lib
+        setenv WM_COMPILER_DIR $WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/gcc-4.3.3/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH
+        _foamAddLib $WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/mpfr-2.4.1/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH/lib
         _foamAddLib $WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/gmp-4.2.4/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH/lib
     breaksw
     case Gcc42:
@@ -231,6 +231,15 @@ case FJMPI:
     _foamAddLib  /opt/FJSVpnidt/lib
     breaksw
 
+case QSMPI:
+    setenv MPI_ARCH_PATH /usr/lib/mpi
+    setenv FOAM_MPI_LIBBIN FOAM_LIBBIN/qsmpi
+
+    _foamAddPath $MPI_ARCH_PATH/bin
+    _foamAddLib $MPI_ARCH_PATH/lib
+
+    breaksw
+
 default:
     setenv FOAM_MPI_LIBBIN $FOAM_LIBBIN/dummy
     breaksw
diff --git a/etc/settings.sh b/etc/settings.sh
index 7df3f6d590..046f624cde 100644
--- a/etc/settings.sh
+++ b/etc/settings.sh
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ case "$compilerInstall" in
 OpenFOAM)
     case "$WM_COMPILER" in
     Gcc)
-        export WM_COMPILER_DIR=$WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/gcc-4.3.2/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH
-        _foamAddLib $WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/mpfr-2.3.2/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH/lib
+        export WM_COMPILER_DIR=$WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/gcc-4.3.3/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH
+        _foamAddLib $WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/mpfr-2.4.1/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH/lib
         _foamAddLib $WM_THIRD_PARTY_DIR/gmp-4.2.4/platforms/$WM_ARCH$WM_COMPILER_ARCH/lib
         ;;
     Gcc42)
@@ -259,6 +259,15 @@ FJMPI)
     _foamAddLib  /opt/FJSVpnidt/lib
     ;;
 
+QSMPI)
+    export MPI_ARCH_PATH=/usr/lib/mpi
+    export FOAM_MPI_LIBBIN=$FOAM_LIBBIN/qsmpi
+
+    _foamAddPath $MPI_ARCH_PATH/bin
+    _foamAddLib $MPI_ARCH_PATH/lib
+
+    ;;
+
 *)
     export FOAM_MPI_LIBBIN=$FOAM_LIBBIN/dummy
     ;;
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/FixedList/FixedListI.H b/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/FixedList/FixedListI.H
index c3b09850f9..055f785471 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/FixedList/FixedListI.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/FixedList/FixedListI.H
@@ -152,17 +152,12 @@ inline void Foam::FixedList<T, Size>::checkSize(const label size) const
 }
 
 
-// Check index i is within valid range (0 ... size-1).
+// Check index i is within valid range (0 ... size-1)
+// The check for zero-sized list is already done in static assert
 template<class T, unsigned Size>
 inline void Foam::FixedList<T, Size>::checkIndex(const label i) const
 {
-    if (!Size)
-    {
-        FatalErrorIn("FixedList<T, Size>::checkIndex(const label)")
-            << "attempt to access element from zero-sized list"
-            << abort(FatalError);
-    }
-    else if (i < 0 || i >= label(Size))
+    if (i < 0 || unsigned(i) >= Size)
     {
         FatalErrorIn("FixedList<T, Size>::checkIndex(const label)")
             << "index " << i << " out of range 0 ... " << (Size-1)
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/List/List.C b/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/List/List.C
index a3c17a4890..6d20e2b3b7 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/List/List.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/List/List.C
@@ -58,10 +58,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const label s)
     {
         this->v_ = new T[this->size_];
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
@@ -87,10 +83,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const label s, const T& a)
             List_ELEM((*this), vp, i) = a;
         List_END_FOR_ALL
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
@@ -119,16 +111,12 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const List<T>& a)
             List_END_FOR_ALL
         }
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
 // Construct by transferring the parameter contents
 template<class T>
-Foam::List<T>::List(const Xfer<List<T> >& lst)
+Foam::List<T>::List(const Xfer< List<T> >& lst)
 {
     transfer(lst());
 }
@@ -165,10 +153,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(List<T>& a, bool reUse)
             List_END_FOR_ALL
         }
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
@@ -188,10 +172,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const UList<T>& a, const unallocLabelList& map)
             List_ELEM((*this), vp, i) = List_ELEM(a, ap, (map[i]));
         List_END_FOR_ALL
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
@@ -234,7 +214,7 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const FixedList<T, Size>& lst)
 :
     UList<T>(NULL, Size)
 {
-    if (Size)
+    if (this->size_)
     {
         this->v_ = new T[this->size_];
 
@@ -243,10 +223,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const FixedList<T, Size>& lst)
             this->operator[](i) = lst[i];
         }
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
@@ -265,10 +241,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const PtrList<T>& lst)
             this->operator[](i) = lst[i];
         }
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
@@ -293,10 +265,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const SLList<T>& lst)
             this->operator[](i++) = iter();
         }
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
@@ -315,10 +283,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const IndirectList<T>& lst)
             this->operator[](i) = lst[i];
         }
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
@@ -337,10 +301,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const UIndirectList<T>& lst)
             this->operator[](i) = lst[i];
         }
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
@@ -359,10 +319,6 @@ Foam::List<T>::List(const BiIndirectList<T>& lst)
             this->operator[](i) = lst[i];
         }
     }
-    else
-    {
-        this->v_ = 0;
-    }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/UIndirectList/UIndirectList.H b/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/UIndirectList/UIndirectList.H
index c762bdba7d..ec6a1b9fd6 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/UIndirectList/UIndirectList.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/UIndirectList/UIndirectList.H
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ Class
     Foam::UIndirectList
 
 Description
-    A List with indirect addressing. Like IndirectList but does not store
-    addressing.
+    A List with indirect addressing.
+    Like IndirectList but does not store addressing.
 
 SourceFiles
     UIndirectListI.H
@@ -44,8 +44,12 @@ SourceFiles
 namespace Foam
 {
 
+// Forward declaration of friend functions and operators
+template<class T> class UIndirectList;
+template<class T> Ostream& operator<<(Ostream&, const UIndirectList<T>&);
+
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                           Class UIndirectList Declaration
+                        Class UIndirectList Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 template<class T>
@@ -92,6 +96,17 @@ public:
 
             //- Assignment of all entries to the given value
             inline void operator=(const T&);
+
+    // Ostream operator
+
+        //- Write UIndirectList to Ostream
+        //  Binary output is currently still a bit of a problem
+        friend Ostream& operator<<
+        #ifndef __CINT__
+        <T>
+        #endif
+        (Ostream&, const UIndirectList<T>&);
+
 };
 
 
@@ -103,6 +118,10 @@ public:
 
 #include "UIndirectListI.H"
 
+#ifdef NoRepository
+#   include "UIndirectListIO.C"
+#endif
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/UIndirectList/UIndirectListIO.C b/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/UIndirectList/UIndirectListIO.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c3be0e769
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/containers/Lists/UIndirectList/UIndirectListIO.C
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "UIndirectList.H"
+#include "Ostream.H"
+#include "token.H"
+#include "contiguous.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Ostream Operator *  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class T>
+Foam::Ostream& Foam::operator<<
+(
+    Foam::Ostream& os,
+    const Foam::UIndirectList<T>& L
+)
+{
+    // Write list contents depending on data format
+    if (os.format() == IOstream::ASCII || !contiguous<T>())
+    {
+        bool uniform = false;
+
+        if (L.size() > 1 && contiguous<T>())
+        {
+            uniform = true;
+
+            forAll(L, i)
+            {
+                if (L[i] != L[0])
+                {
+                    uniform = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (uniform)
+        {
+            // Write size and start delimiter
+            os << L.size() << token::BEGIN_BLOCK;
+
+            // Write contents
+            os << L[0];
+
+            // Write end delimiter
+            os << token::END_BLOCK;
+        }
+        else if (L.size() < 11 && contiguous<T>())
+        {
+            // Write size and start delimiter
+            os << L.size() << token::BEGIN_LIST;
+
+            // Write contents
+            forAll(L, i)
+            {
+                if (i) os << token::SPACE;
+                os << L[i];
+            }
+
+            // Write end delimiter
+            os << token::END_LIST;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Write size and start delimiter
+            os << nl << L.size() << nl << token::BEGIN_LIST;
+
+            // Write contents
+            forAll(L, i)
+            {
+                os << nl << L[i];
+            }
+
+            // Write end delimiter
+            os << nl << token::END_LIST << nl;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // this is annoying, and wasteful, but there's currently no alternative
+
+        os << nl << L.size() << nl;
+
+        if (L.size())
+        {
+            List<T> lst = L();
+
+            os.write
+            (
+                reinterpret_cast<const char*>(lst.cdata()),
+                lst.byteSize()
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check state of IOstream
+    os.check("Ostream& operator<<(Ostream&, const UIndirectList&)");
+
+    return os;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOobject/IOobject.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOobject/IOobject.H
index d2fc9a6ba1..5fc5a839b1 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOobject/IOobject.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOobject/IOobject.H
@@ -359,6 +359,10 @@ public:
             template<class Stream>
             static inline Stream& writeDivider(Stream& os);
 
+            //- Write the standard end file divider
+            template<class Stream>
+            static inline Stream& writeEndDivider(Stream& os);
+
             //- Write header
             bool writeHeader(Ostream&) const;
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOobject/IOobjectI.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOobject/IOobjectI.H
index 71af2039f6..4ac1df926b 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOobject/IOobjectI.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOobject/IOobjectI.H
@@ -82,5 +82,14 @@ inline Stream& Foam::IOobject::writeDivider(Stream& os)
     return os;
 }
 
+template<class Stream>
+inline Stream& Foam::IOobject::writeEndDivider(Stream& os)
+{
+    os  << "\n\n"
+        "// ************************************************************************* //\n";
+
+    return os;
+}
+
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOstreams/Sstreams/readHexLabel.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOstreams/Sstreams/readHexLabel.H
index fffccc4525..37811c0d67 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOstreams/Sstreams/readHexLabel.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/IOstreams/Sstreams/readHexLabel.H
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ namespace Foam
 {
 
 //- Read a hex label from an input stream
-label readHexLabel(ISstream& is);
+label readHexLabel(ISstream&);
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/Time/instant/instant.C b/src/OpenFOAM/db/Time/instant/instant.C
index 0b4389e4b2..80ed886e4d 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/Time/instant/instant.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/Time/instant/instant.C
@@ -36,16 +36,16 @@ const char* const Foam::instant::typeName = "instant";
 Foam::instant::instant()
 {}
 
-Foam::instant::instant(const scalar tval, const word& tname)
+Foam::instant::instant(const scalar val, const word& tname)
 :
-    value_(tval),
+    value_(val),
     name_(tname)
 {}
 
-Foam::instant::instant(const scalar tval)
+Foam::instant::instant(const scalar val)
 :
-    value_(tval),
-    name_(Time::timeName(tval))
+    value_(val),
+    name_(Time::timeName(val))
 {}
 
 Foam::instant::instant(const word& tname)
@@ -57,20 +57,19 @@ Foam::instant::instant(const word& tname)
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Friend Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-int Foam::operator==(const instant& I1, const instant& I2)
+bool Foam::operator==(const instant& a, const instant& b)
 {
     return
     (
-        I1.value_ < I2.value_ + SMALL
-     && I1.value_ > I2.value_ - SMALL
+        a.value_ < b.value_ + SMALL
+     && a.value_ > b.value_ - SMALL
     );
 }
 
 
-int Foam::operator != (const instant& I1, const instant& I2)
+bool Foam::operator!=(const instant& a, const instant& b)
 {
-    // Invert the '==' operator ('0'='false')
-    return I1 == I2 ? 0 : 1;
+    return !operator==(a, b);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/Time/instant/instant.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/Time/instant/instant.H
index 02c76500e7..032b299987 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/Time/instant/instant.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/Time/instant/instant.H
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ class instant;
 
 // Friend Operators
 
-int operator==(const instant&, const instant&);
-int operator!=(const instant&, const instant&);
+bool operator==(const instant&, const instant&);
+bool operator!=(const instant&, const instant&);
 
 // IOstream Operators
 
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ public:
         {
         public:
 
-            bool operator()(const instant& one, const instant& two) const
+            bool operator()(const instant& a, const instant& b) const
             {
-                return one.value() < two.value();
+                return a.value() < b.value();
             }
         };
 
@@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ public:
 
     // Friend Operators
 
-        friend int operator==(const instant&, const instant&);
-        friend int operator!=(const instant&, const instant&);
+        friend bool operator==(const instant&, const instant&);
+        friend bool operator!=(const instant&, const instant&);
 
 
     // IOstream Operators
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/dictionary.C b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/dictionary.C
index a757caebcc..fd89f0f608 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/dictionary.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/dictionary.C
@@ -117,12 +117,7 @@ Foam::dictionary::dictionary
     name_(dict.name()),
     parent_(parentDict)
 {
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::iterator iter = begin();
-        iter != end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllIter(IDLList<entry>, *this, iter)
     {
         hashedEntries_.insert(iter().keyword(), &iter());
 
@@ -147,12 +142,7 @@ Foam::dictionary::dictionary
     name_(dict.name()),
     parent_(dictionary::null)
 {
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::iterator iter = begin();
-        iter != end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllIter(IDLList<entry>, *this, iter)
     {
         hashedEntries_.insert(iter().keyword(), &iter());
 
@@ -238,12 +228,7 @@ Foam::SHA1Digest Foam::dictionary::digest() const
     OSHA1stream os;
 
     // process entries
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::const_iterator iter = begin();
-        iter != end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllConstIter(IDLList<entry>, *this, iter)
     {
         os << *iter;
     }
@@ -262,7 +247,8 @@ bool Foam::dictionary::found(const word& keyword, bool recursive) const
     {
         if (patternEntries_.size())
         {
-            DLList<entry*>::const_iterator wcLink = patternEntries_.begin();
+            DLList<entry*>::const_iterator wcLink =
+                patternEntries_.begin();
             DLList<autoPtr<regExp> >::const_iterator reLink =
                 patternRegexps_.begin();
 
@@ -475,12 +461,7 @@ Foam::wordList Foam::dictionary::toc() const
     wordList keys(size());
 
     label nKeys = 0;
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::const_iterator iter = begin();
-        iter != end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllConstIter(IDLList<entry>::const_iterator, *this, iter)
     {
         keys[nKeys++] = iter().keyword();
     }
@@ -494,12 +475,7 @@ Foam::List<Foam::keyType> Foam::dictionary::keys(bool patterns) const
     List<keyType> keys(size());
 
     label nKeys = 0;
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::const_iterator iter = begin();
-        iter != end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllConstIter(IDLList<entry>, *this, iter)
     {
         if (iter().keyword().isPattern() ? patterns : !patterns)
         {
@@ -553,7 +529,7 @@ bool Foam::dictionary::add(entry* entryPtr, bool mergeEntry)
             }
             else
             {
-                IOWarningIn("dictionary::add(entry*)", (*this))
+                IOWarningIn("dictionary::add(entry*, bool)", (*this))
                     << "problem replacing entry "<< entryPtr->keyword()
                     << " in dictionary " << name() << endl;
 
@@ -582,7 +558,7 @@ bool Foam::dictionary::add(entry* entryPtr, bool mergeEntry)
     }
     else
     {
-        IOWarningIn("dictionary::add(entry* entryPtr)", (*this))
+        IOWarningIn("dictionary::add(entry*, bool)", (*this))
             << "attempt to add entry "<< entryPtr->keyword()
             << " which already exists in dictionary " << name()
             << endl;
@@ -598,11 +574,13 @@ void Foam::dictionary::add(const entry& e, bool mergeEntry)
     add(e.clone(*this).ptr(), mergeEntry);
 }
 
+
 void Foam::dictionary::add(const keyType& k, const word& w, bool overwrite)
 {
     add(new primitiveEntry(k, token(w)), overwrite);
 }
 
+
 void Foam::dictionary::add
 (
     const keyType& k,
@@ -613,16 +591,19 @@ void Foam::dictionary::add
     add(new primitiveEntry(k, token(s)), overwrite);
 }
 
+
 void Foam::dictionary::add(const keyType& k, const label l, bool overwrite)
 {
     add(new primitiveEntry(k, token(l)), overwrite);
 }
 
+
 void Foam::dictionary::add(const keyType& k, const scalar s, bool overwrite)
 {
     add(new primitiveEntry(k, token(s)), overwrite);
 }
 
+
 void Foam::dictionary::add
 (
     const keyType& k,
@@ -652,6 +633,7 @@ void Foam::dictionary::set(const entry& e)
     set(e.clone(*this).ptr());
 }
 
+
 void Foam::dictionary::set(const keyType& k, const dictionary& d)
 {
     set(new dictionaryEntry(k, *this, d));
@@ -665,8 +647,10 @@ bool Foam::dictionary::remove(const word& Keyword)
     if (iter != hashedEntries_.end())
     {
         // Delete from patterns first
-        DLList<entry*>::iterator wcLink = patternEntries_.begin();
-        DLList<autoPtr<regExp> >::iterator reLink = patternRegexps_.begin();
+        DLList<entry*>::iterator wcLink =
+            patternEntries_.begin();
+        DLList<autoPtr<regExp> >::iterator reLink =
+            patternRegexps_.begin();
 
         // Find in pattern using exact match only
         if (findInPatterns(false, Keyword, wcLink, reLink))
@@ -792,12 +776,7 @@ bool Foam::dictionary::merge(const dictionary& dict)
 
     bool changed = false;
 
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::const_iterator iter = dict.begin();
-        iter != dict.end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllConstIter(IDLList<entry>, dict, iter)
     {
         HashTable<entry*>::iterator fnd = hashedEntries_.find(iter().keyword());
 
@@ -882,12 +861,7 @@ void Foam::dictionary::operator=(const dictionary& rhs)
     // Create clones of the entries in the given dictionary
     // resetting the parentDict to this dictionary
 
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::const_iterator iter = rhs.begin();
-        iter != rhs.end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllConstIter(IDLList<entry>, rhs, iter)
     {
         add(iter().clone(*this).ptr());
     }
@@ -904,12 +878,7 @@ void Foam::dictionary::operator+=(const dictionary& rhs)
             << abort(FatalError);
     }
 
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::const_iterator iter = rhs.begin();
-        iter != rhs.end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllConstIter(IDLList<entry>, rhs, iter)
     {
         add(iter().clone(*this).ptr());
     }
@@ -926,12 +895,7 @@ void Foam::dictionary::operator|=(const dictionary& rhs)
             << abort(FatalError);
     }
 
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::const_iterator iter = rhs.begin();
-        iter != rhs.end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllConstIter(IDLList<entry>, rhs, iter)
     {
         if (!found(iter().keyword()))
         {
@@ -951,12 +915,7 @@ void Foam::dictionary::operator<<=(const dictionary& rhs)
             << abort(FatalError);
     }
 
-    for
-    (
-        IDLList<entry>::const_iterator iter = rhs.begin();
-        iter != rhs.end();
-        ++iter
-    )
+    forAllConstIter(IDLList<entry>, rhs, iter)
     {
         set(iter().clone(*this).ptr());
     }
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/dictionaryIO.C b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/dictionaryIO.C
index 2f0987d16b..96196e3a11 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/dictionaryIO.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/dictionaryIO.C
@@ -154,12 +154,8 @@ void Foam::dictionary::write(Ostream& os, bool subDict) const
         // Write entry
         os << e;
 
-        // Add new line if applicable
-        if
-        (
-            (e.isDict() || (!e.isDict() && parent()==dictionary::null))
-         && e != *last()
-        )
+        // Add extra new line between entries for "top-level" dictionaries
+        if (!subDict && parent() == dictionary::null && e != *last())
         {
             os << nl;
         }
@@ -167,7 +163,7 @@ void Foam::dictionary::write(Ostream& os, bool subDict) const
         // Check stream before going to next entry.
         if (!os.good())
         {
-            WarningIn("dictionary::write(Ostream& os, bool subDict)")
+            WarningIn("dictionary::write(Ostream&, bool subDict)")
                 << "Can't write entry " << iter().keyword()
                 << " for dictionary " << name()
                 << endl;
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/functionEntry/functionEntry.C b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/functionEntry/functionEntry.C
index 601674ac7e..e36de4108c 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/functionEntry/functionEntry.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/functionEntry/functionEntry.C
@@ -103,14 +103,13 @@ bool Foam::functionEntry::execute
     is.fatalCheck
     (
         "functionEntry::execute"
-        "(const word& functionName, const dictionary& parentDict, "
-        "primitiveEntry&, Istream&)"
+        "(const word&, const dictionary&, primitiveEntry&, Istream&)"
     );
 
     if (!executeprimitiveEntryIstreamMemberFunctionTablePtr_)
     {
         cerr<<"functionEntry::execute"
-            << "(const word&, dictionary&, primitiveEntry&, Istream&)"
+            << "(const word&, const dictionary&, primitiveEntry&, Istream&)"
             << " not yet initialized, function = "
             << functionName.c_str() << std::endl;
 
@@ -126,8 +125,7 @@ bool Foam::functionEntry::execute
         FatalErrorIn
         (
             "functionEntry::execute"
-            "(const word& functionName, const dictionary& parentDict, "
-            "primitiveEntry&, Istream&)"
+            "(const word&, const dictionary&, primitiveEntry&, Istream&)"
         )   << "Unknown functionEntry " << functionName
             << endl << endl
             << "Valid functionEntries are :" << endl
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/functionEntry/functionEntry.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/functionEntry/functionEntry.H
index f4d1702b4f..ebfd49470b 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/functionEntry/functionEntry.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/functionEntry/functionEntry.H
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public:
         (
             const word& functionName,
             dictionary& parentDict,
-            Istream& is
+            Istream&
         );
 
         declareMemberFunctionSelectionTable
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ public:
         (
             const word& functionName,
             const dictionary& parentDict,
-            primitiveEntry& entry,
-            Istream& is
+            primitiveEntry&,
+            Istream&
         );
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/includeEntry/includeEntry.C b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/includeEntry/includeEntry.C
index e9f11d56a5..7879369017 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/includeEntry/includeEntry.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/includeEntry/includeEntry.C
@@ -62,8 +62,7 @@ namespace functionEntries
 }
 }
 
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 Foam::fileName Foam::functionEntries::includeEntry::includeFileName
 (
@@ -73,6 +72,7 @@ Foam::fileName Foam::functionEntries::includeEntry::includeFileName
     fileName fName(is);
     fName.expand();
 
+    // relative name
     if (fName.size() && fName[0] != '/')
     {
         fName = fileName(is.name()).path()/fName;
@@ -82,17 +82,19 @@ Foam::fileName Foam::functionEntries::includeEntry::includeFileName
 }
 
 
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
 bool Foam::functionEntries::includeEntry::execute
 (
     dictionary& parentDict,
     Istream& is
 )
 {
-    IFstream fileStream(includeFileName(is));
+    IFstream ifs(includeFileName(is));
 
-    if (fileStream)
+    if (ifs)
     {
-        parentDict.read(fileStream);
+        parentDict.read(ifs);
         return true;
     }
     else
@@ -100,9 +102,9 @@ bool Foam::functionEntries::includeEntry::execute
         FatalIOErrorIn
         (
             "functionEntries::includeEntry::includeEntry"
-            "(dictionary& parentDict,Istream& is)",
+            "(dictionary& parentDict, Istream&)",
             is
-        )   << "Cannot open include file " << fileStream.name()
+        )   << "Cannot open include file " << ifs.name()
             << " while reading dictionary " << parentDict.name()
             << exit(FatalIOError);
 
@@ -117,11 +119,11 @@ bool Foam::functionEntries::includeEntry::execute
     Istream& is
 )
 {
-    IFstream fileStream(includeFileName(is));
+    IFstream ifs(includeFileName(is));
 
-    if (fileStream)
+    if (ifs)
     {
-        entry.read(parentDict, fileStream);
+        entry.read(parentDict, ifs);
         return true;
     }
     else
@@ -129,9 +131,9 @@ bool Foam::functionEntries::includeEntry::execute
         FatalIOErrorIn
         (
             "functionEntries::includeEntry::includeEntry"
-            "(dictionary& parentDict, primitiveEntry& entry, Istream& is)",
+            "(dictionary& parentDict, primitiveEntry& entry, Istream&)",
             is
-        )   << "Cannot open include file " << fileStream.name()
+        )   << "Cannot open include file " << ifs.name()
             << " while reading dictionary " << parentDict.name()
             << exit(FatalIOError);
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/includeEntry/includeEntry.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/includeEntry/includeEntry.H
index effff83a31..b260e3f36c 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/includeEntry/includeEntry.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/includeEntry/includeEntry.H
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace functionEntries
 {
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                           Class includeEntry Declaration
+                        Class includeEntry Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 class includeEntry
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class includeEntry
     // Private Member Functions
 
         //- Read the include fileName from Istream, expand and return
-        static fileName includeFileName(Istream& is);
+        static fileName includeFileName(Istream&);
 
         //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
         includeEntry(const includeEntry&);
@@ -86,18 +86,14 @@ public:
     // Member Functions
 
         //- Execute the functionEntry in a sub-dict context
-        static bool execute
-        (
-            dictionary& parentDict,
-            Istream& is
-        );
+        static bool execute(dictionary& parentDict, Istream&);
 
         //- Execute the functionEntry in a primitiveEntry context
         static bool execute
         (
             const dictionary& parentDict,
-            primitiveEntry& entry,
-            Istream& is
+            primitiveEntry&,
+            Istream&
         );
 
 };
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/inputModeEntry/inputModeEntry.C b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/inputModeEntry/inputModeEntry.C
index 60c348e244..f711da80aa 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/inputModeEntry/inputModeEntry.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/inputModeEntry/inputModeEntry.C
@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ const Foam::word Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::typeName
 // might include inputModeEntries
 int Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::debug(0);
 
+Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::inputMode
+    Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::mode_(MERGE);
+
 namespace Foam
 {
 namespace functionEntries
@@ -53,10 +56,6 @@ namespace functionEntries
 }
 }
 
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Data  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::label Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::mode_ = imError;
-
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 // we could combine this into execute() directly, but leave it here for now
@@ -65,17 +64,17 @@ void Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::setMode(Istream& is)
     clear();
 
     word mode(is);
-    if (mode == "merge")
+    if (mode == "merge" || mode == "default")
     {
-        mode_ = imMerge;
+        mode_ = MERGE;
     }
     else if (mode == "overwrite")
     {
-        mode_ = imOverwrite;
+        mode_ = OVERWRITE;
     }
-    else if (mode == "error" || mode == "default")
+    else if (mode == "error")
     {
-        mode_ = imError;
+        mode_ = ERROR;
     }
     else
     {
@@ -101,33 +100,19 @@ bool Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::execute
 
 void Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::clear()
 {
-    mode_ = imError;
+    mode_ = MERGE;
 }
 
 
 bool Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::merge()
 {
-    if (mode_ & imMerge)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
+    return mode_ == MERGE;
 }
 
 
 bool Foam::functionEntries::inputModeEntry::overwrite()
 {
-    if (mode_ & imOverwrite)
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
+    return mode_ == OVERWRITE;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/inputModeEntry/inputModeEntry.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/inputModeEntry/inputModeEntry.H
index 394ad15779..9ecb558da9 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/inputModeEntry/inputModeEntry.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/inputModeEntry/inputModeEntry.H
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Description
     @param merge      merge sub-dictionaries when possible
     @param overwrite  keep last entry and silently remove previous ones
     @param error      flag duplicate entry as an error
-    @param default    currently the same as error
+    @param default    currently the same as merge
 
 SourceFiles
     inputModeEntry.C
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ class inputModeEntry
         //- input mode options
         enum inputMode
         {
-            imError = 0,
-            imMerge = 0x1,
-            imOverwrite = 0x2
+            ERROR,
+            MERGE,
+            OVERWRITE
         };
 
         //- current input mode
-        static label mode_;
+        static inputMode mode_;
 
 
     // Private Member Functions
@@ -98,19 +98,15 @@ public:
     // Member Functions
 
         //- Execute the functionEntry in a sub-dict context
-        static bool execute
-        (
-            dictionary& parentDict,
-            Istream&
-        );
+        static bool execute(dictionary& parentDict, Istream&);
 
-        //- Reset the inputMode to 'default'
+        //- Reset the inputMode to %default
         static void clear();
 
-        //- Return true if the inputMode is 'merge'
+        //- Return true if the inputMode is %merge
         static bool merge();
 
-        //- Return true if the inputMode is 'overwrite'
+        //- Return true if the inputMode is %overwrite
         static bool overwrite();
 
 };
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/removeEntry/removeEntry.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/removeEntry/removeEntry.H
index 443d28889f..1ed2d99639 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/removeEntry/removeEntry.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/dictionary/functionEntries/removeEntry/removeEntry.H
@@ -80,11 +80,7 @@ public:
     // Member Functions
 
         //- Execute the functionEntry in a sub-dict context
-        static bool execute
-        (
-            dictionary& parentDict,
-            Istream& is
-        );
+        static bool execute(dictionary& parentDict, Istream&);
 };
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistry.C b/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistry.C
index cbd841f8ae..9d01de9d90 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistry.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistry.C
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Foam::wordList Foam::objectRegistry::names() const
     wordList objectNames(size());
 
     label count=0;
-    for (const_iterator iter = begin(); iter != end(); ++iter)
+    for (const_iterator iter = cbegin(); iter != cend(); ++iter)
     {
         objectNames[count++] = iter()->name();
     }
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Foam::wordList Foam::objectRegistry::names(const word& ClassName) const
     wordList objectNames(size());
 
     label count=0;
-    for (const_iterator iter = begin(); iter != end(); ++iter)
+    for (const_iterator iter = cbegin(); iter != cend(); ++iter)
     {
         if (iter()->type() == ClassName)
         {
@@ -234,15 +234,33 @@ bool Foam::objectRegistry::checkOut(regIOobject& io) const
                 << " in registry " << name()
                 << endl;
         }
+    }
+    
+    return false;
+}
 
-        return false;
+
+void Foam::objectRegistry::rename(const word& newName)
+{
+    regIOobject::rename(newName);
+
+    // adjust dbDir_ as well
+    string::size_type i = dbDir_.rfind('/');
+
+    if (i == string::npos)
+    {
+        dbDir_ = newName;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        dbDir_.replace(i+1, string::npos, newName);
     }
 }
 
 
 bool Foam::objectRegistry::modified() const
 {
-    for (const_iterator iter = begin(); iter != end(); ++iter)
+    for (const_iterator iter = cbegin(); iter != cend(); ++iter)
     {
         if (iter()->modified())
         {
@@ -287,7 +305,7 @@ bool Foam::objectRegistry::writeObject
 {
     bool ok = true;
 
-    for (const_iterator iter = begin(); iter != end(); ++iter)
+    for (const_iterator iter = cbegin(); iter != cend(); ++iter)
     {
         if (objectRegistry::debug)
         {
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistry.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistry.H
index 061f452c0b..1f2d30d93e 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistry.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistry.H
@@ -160,6 +160,9 @@ public:
 
         // Edit
 
+            //- Rename
+            virtual void rename(const word& newName);
+
             //- Add an regIOobject to registry
             bool checkIn(regIOobject&) const;
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistryTemplates.C b/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistryTemplates.C
index 646c451317..c58bacf75d 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistryTemplates.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/objectRegistry/objectRegistryTemplates.C
@@ -147,8 +147,7 @@ const Type& Foam::objectRegistry::lookupObject(const word& name) const
         }
     }
 
-    const Type* dummyPtr_ = NULL;
-    return *dummyPtr_;
+    return *reinterpret_cast< const Type* >(0);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/regIOobject/regIOobjectWrite.C b/src/OpenFOAM/db/regIOobject/regIOobjectWrite.C
index dc3dcf1478..62df5dafe1 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/regIOobject/regIOobjectWrite.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/regIOobject/regIOobjectWrite.C
@@ -103,9 +103,7 @@ bool Foam::regIOobject::writeObject
             return false;
         }
 
-        os  << "\n\n"
-            "// ************************************************************************* //"
-            << endl;
+        writeEndDivider(os);
 
         osGood = os.good();
     }
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/runTimeSelection/addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/runTimeSelection/addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H
index 1e043399f1..7b27a9a70f 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/runTimeSelection/addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/runTimeSelection/addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Description
 (baseType,thisType,argNames)                                                  \
                                                                               \
     /* Add the thisType constructor function to the table */                  \
-    baseType::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable<thisType>                     \
+    baseType::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable< thisType >                   \
         add##thisType##argNames##ConstructorTo##baseType##Table_
 
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Description
 (baseType,thisType,argNames,lookup)                                           \
                                                                               \
     /* Add the thisType constructor function to the table, find by lookup */  \
-    baseType::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable<thisType>                     \
+    baseType::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable< thisType >                   \
         add_##lookup##_##thisType##argNames##ConstructorTo##baseType##Table_(#lookup)
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Description
 (baseType,thisType,Targ,argNames)                                             \
                                                                               \
     /* Add the thisType constructor function to the table */                  \
-    baseType::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable<thisType<Targ> >              \
+    baseType::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable< thisType< Targ > >           \
         add##thisType##Targ##argNames##ConstructorTo##baseType##Table_
 
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Description
 (baseType,thisType,Targ,argNames,lookup)                                      \
                                                                               \
     /* Add the thisType constructor function to the table, find by lookup */  \
-    baseType::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable<thisType<Targ> >              \
+    baseType::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable< thisType< Targ > >           \
         add_##lookup##_##thisType##Targ##argNames##ConstructorTo##baseType##Table_(#lookup)
 
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Description
 (baseType,thisType,Targ,argNames)                                             \
                                                                               \
     /* Add the thisType constructor function to the table */                  \
-    baseType<Targ>::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable<thisType<Targ> >        \
+    baseType< Targ >::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable< thisType< Targ > >   \
         add##thisType##Targ##argNames##ConstructorTo##baseType##Targ##Table_
 
 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ Description
 (baseType,thisType,Targ,argNames,lookup)                                      \
                                                                               \
     /* Add the thisType constructor function to the table, find by lookup */  \
-    baseType<Targ>::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable<thisType<Targ> >        \
+    baseType< Targ >::add##argNames##ConstructorToTable< thisType< Targ > >   \
         add_##lookup##_##thisType##Targ##argNames##ConstructorTo##baseType##Targ##Table_(#lookup)
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/runTimeSelection/runTimeSelectionTables.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/runTimeSelection/runTimeSelectionTables.H
index 6518feb29b..8e9b4ea54e 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/runTimeSelection/runTimeSelectionTables.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/runTimeSelection/runTimeSelectionTables.H
@@ -54,24 +54,24 @@ Description
 (autoPtr,baseType,argNames,argList,parList)                                   \
                                                                               \
     /* Construct from argList function pointer type */                        \
-    typedef autoPtr<baseType> (*argNames##ConstructorPtr)argList;             \
+    typedef autoPtr< baseType > (*argNames##ConstructorPtr)argList;           \
                                                                               \
     /* Construct from argList function table type */                          \
-    typedef HashTable<argNames##ConstructorPtr, word, string::hash>           \
+    typedef HashTable< argNames##ConstructorPtr, word, string::hash >         \
         argNames##ConstructorTable;                                           \
                                                                               \
     /* Construct from argList function pointer table pointer */               \
     static argNames##ConstructorTable* argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_;        \
                                                                               \
     /* Class to add constructor from argList to table */                      \
-    template<class baseType##Type>                                            \
+    template< class baseType##Type >                                          \
     class add##argNames##ConstructorToTable                                   \
     {                                                                         \
     public:                                                                   \
                                                                               \
-        static autoPtr<baseType> New argList                                  \
+        static autoPtr< baseType > New argList                                \
         {                                                                     \
-            return autoPtr<baseType>(new baseType##Type parList);             \
+            return autoPtr< baseType >(new baseType##Type parList);           \
         }                                                                     \
                                                                               \
         add##argNames##ConstructorToTable                                     \
@@ -103,24 +103,24 @@ Description
 (autoPtr,baseType,argNames,argList,parList)                                   \
                                                                               \
     /* Construct from argList function pointer type */                        \
-    typedef autoPtr<baseType> (*argNames##ConstructorPtr)argList;             \
+    typedef autoPtr< baseType > (*argNames##ConstructorPtr)argList;           \
                                                                               \
     /* Construct from argList function table type */                          \
-    typedef HashTable<argNames##ConstructorPtr, word, string::hash>           \
+    typedef HashTable< argNames##ConstructorPtr, word, string::hash >         \
         argNames##ConstructorTable;                                           \
                                                                               \
     /* Construct from argList function pointer table pointer */               \
     static argNames##ConstructorTable* argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_;        \
                                                                               \
     /* Class to add constructor from argList to table */                      \
-    template<class baseType##Type>                                            \
+    template< class baseType##Type >                                          \
     class add##argNames##ConstructorToTable                                   \
     {                                                                         \
     public:                                                                   \
                                                                               \
-        static autoPtr<baseType> New##baseType argList                        \
+        static autoPtr< baseType > New##baseType argList                      \
         {                                                                     \
-            return autoPtr<baseType>(baseType##Type::New parList.ptr());      \
+            return autoPtr< baseType >(baseType##Type::New parList.ptr());    \
         }                                                                     \
                                                                               \
         add##argNames##ConstructorToTable                                     \
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ Description
 (baseType,argNames)                                                           \
                                                                               \
     defineRunTimeSelectionTablePtr(baseType,argNames);                        \
-    defineRunTimeSelectionTableConstructor(baseType,argNames)                 \
+    defineRunTimeSelectionTableConstructor(baseType,argNames);                \
     defineRunTimeSelectionTableDestructor(baseType,argNames)
 
 
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ Description
     template<>                                                                \
     defineRunTimeSelectionTablePtr(baseType,argNames);                        \
     template<>                                                                \
-    defineRunTimeSelectionTableConstructor(baseType,argNames)                 \
+    defineRunTimeSelectionTableConstructor(baseType,argNames);                \
     template<>                                                                \
     defineRunTimeSelectionTableDestructor(baseType,argNames)
 
@@ -242,14 +242,14 @@ Description
 (baseType,argNames,Targ)                                                      \
                                                                               \
     /* Table constructor called from the table add function */                \
-    void baseType<Targ>::construct##argNames##ConstructorTables()             \
+    void baseType< Targ >::construct##argNames##ConstructorTables()           \
     {                                                                         \
         static bool constructed = false;                                      \
                                                                               \
         if (!constructed)                                                     \
         {                                                                     \
-            baseType<Targ>::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_                    \
-                = new baseType<Targ>::argNames##ConstructorTable;             \
+            baseType< Targ >::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_                  \
+                = new baseType< Targ >::argNames##ConstructorTable;           \
                                                                               \
             constructed = true;                                               \
         }                                                                     \
@@ -263,12 +263,12 @@ Description
 (baseType,argNames,Targ)                                                      \
                                                                               \
     /* Table destructor called from the table add function destructor */      \
-    void baseType<Targ>::destroy##argNames##ConstructorTables()               \
+    void baseType< Targ >::destroy##argNames##ConstructorTables()             \
     {                                                                         \
-        if (baseType<Targ>::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_)                   \
+        if (baseType< Targ >::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_)                 \
         {                                                                     \
-            delete baseType<Targ>::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_;            \
-            baseType<Targ>::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_ = NULL;            \
+            delete baseType< Targ >::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_;          \
+            baseType< Targ >::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_ = NULL;          \
         }                                                                     \
     }
 
@@ -280,8 +280,8 @@ Description
 (baseType,argNames,Targ)                                                      \
                                                                               \
     /* Define the constructor function table */                               \
-    baseType<Targ>::argNames##ConstructorTable*                               \
-        baseType<Targ>::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_ = NULL
+    baseType< Targ >::argNames##ConstructorTable*                             \
+        baseType< Targ >::argNames##ConstructorTablePtr_ = NULL
 
 
 // external use:
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ Description
     template<>                                                                \
     defineTemplatedRunTimeSelectionTablePtr(baseType,argNames,Targ);          \
     template<>                                                                \
-    defineTemplatedRunTimeSelectionTableConstructor(baseType,argNames,Targ)   \
+    defineTemplatedRunTimeSelectionTableConstructor(baseType,argNames,Targ);  \
     template<>                                                                \
     defineTemplatedRunTimeSelectionTableDestructor(baseType,argNames,Targ)
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/db/typeInfo/className.H b/src/OpenFOAM/db/typeInfo/className.H
index c46c3d9ba1..84536bf1d5 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/db/typeInfo/className.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/db/typeInfo/className.H
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ Description
 //  Without debug information
 #define ClassNameNoDebug(TypeNameString)                                      \
     static const char* typeName_() { return TypeNameString; }                 \
-    static const ::Foam::word typeName;
+    static const ::Foam::word typeName
 
 //- Add typeName information from argument @a TypeNameString to a namespace.
 //  Without debug information.
 #define NamespaceNameNoDebug(TypeNameString)                                  \
     inline const char* typeName_() { return TypeNameString; }                 \
-    extern const ::Foam::word typeName;
+    extern const ::Foam::word typeName
 
 //- Add typeName information from argument @a TemplateNameString to a template class.
 //  Without debug information.
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class TemplateNameString##Name                                                \
 public:                                                                       \
     TemplateNameString##Name() {}                                             \
     ClassNameNoDebug(#TemplateNameString);                                    \
-};
+}
 
 
 
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class TemplateNameString##Name                                                \
 public:                                                                       \
     TemplateNameString##Name() {}                                             \
     ClassName(#TemplateNameString);                                           \
-};
+}
 
 
 
@@ -100,30 +100,30 @@ public:                                                                       \
 
 //- Define the typeName, with alternative lookup as @a Name
 #define defineTypeNameWithName(Type, Name)                                    \
-    const ::Foam::word Type::typeName(Name);
+    const ::Foam::word Type::typeName(Name)
 
 //- Define the typeName
 #define defineTypeName(Type)                                                  \
-    defineTypeNameWithName(Type, Type::typeName_());
+    defineTypeNameWithName(Type, Type::typeName_())
 
 #ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER
 //- Define the typeName as @a Name for template classes
 # define defineTemplateTypeNameWithName(Type, Name)                           \
-    defineTypeNameWithName(Type, Name);
+    defineTypeNameWithName(Type, Name)
 #else
 //- Define the typeName as @a Name for template classes
 # define defineTemplateTypeNameWithName(Type, Name)                           \
     template<>                                                                \
-    defineTypeNameWithName(Type, Name);
+    defineTypeNameWithName(Type, Name)
 #endif
 
 //- Define the typeName for template classes, useful with typedefs
 #define defineTemplateTypeName(Type)                                          \
-    defineTemplateTypeNameWithName(Type, #Type);
+    defineTemplateTypeNameWithName(Type, #Type)
 
 //- Define the typeName directly for template classes
 #define defineNamedTemplateTypeName(Type)                                     \
-    defineTemplateTypeNameWithName(Type, Type::typeName_());
+    defineTemplateTypeNameWithName(Type, Type::typeName_())
 
 
 
@@ -134,31 +134,31 @@ public:                                                                       \
 
 //- Define the debug information, lookup as @a Name
 #define defineDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch)                    \
-    int Type::debug(::Foam::debug::debugSwitch(Name, DebugSwitch));
+    int Type::debug(::Foam::debug::debugSwitch(Name, DebugSwitch))
 
 //- Define the debug information
 #define defineDebugSwitch(Type, DebugSwitch)                                  \
-    defineDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Type::typeName_(), DebugSwitch);
+    defineDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Type::typeName_(), DebugSwitch)
 
 #ifdef __INTEL_COMPILER
 //- Define the debug information for templates, lookup as @a Name
 # define defineTemplateDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch)           \
-    defineDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch);
+    defineDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch)
 #else
 //- Define the debug information for templates, lookup as @a Name
 # define defineTemplateDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch)           \
     template<>                                                                \
-    defineDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch);
+    defineDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch)
 #endif
 
 //- Define the debug information for templates
 //  Useful with typedefs
 #define defineTemplateDebugSwitch(Type, DebugSwitch)                          \
-    defineTemplateDebugSwitchWithName(Type, #Type, DebugSwitch);
+    defineTemplateDebugSwitchWithName(Type, #Type, DebugSwitch)
 
 //- Define the debug information directly for templates
 #define defineNamedTemplateDebugSwitch(Type, DebugSwitch)                     \
-    defineTemplateDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Type::typeName_(), DebugSwitch);
+    defineTemplateDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Type::typeName_(), DebugSwitch)
 
 
 
@@ -170,21 +170,21 @@ public:                                                                       \
 //- Define the typeName and debug information
 #define defineTypeNameAndDebug(Type, DebugSwitch)                             \
     defineTypeName(Type);                                                     \
-    defineDebugSwitch(Type, DebugSwitch);
+    defineDebugSwitch(Type, DebugSwitch)
 
 //- Define the typeName and debug information, lookup as @a Name
 #define defineTemplateTypeNameAndDebugWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch)       \
     defineTemplateTypeNameWithName(Type, Name);                               \
-    defineTemplateDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch);
+    defineTemplateDebugSwitchWithName(Type, Name, DebugSwitch)
 
 //- Define the typeName and debug information for templates, useful with typedefs
 #define defineTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(Type, DebugSwitch)                     \
-    defineTemplateTypeNameAndDebugWithName(Type, #Type, DebugSwitch);
+    defineTemplateTypeNameAndDebugWithName(Type, #Type, DebugSwitch)
 
 //- Define the typeName and debug information for templates
 #define defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(Type, DebugSwitch)                \
     defineNamedTemplateTypeName(Type);                                        \
-    defineNamedTemplateDebugSwitch(Type, DebugSwitch);
+    defineNamedTemplateDebugSwitch(Type, DebugSwitch)
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/fields/cloud/cloud.C b/src/OpenFOAM/fields/cloud/cloud.C
index 2dd30b5f3c..f2dbb3be4f 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/fields/cloud/cloud.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/fields/cloud/cloud.C
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ License
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-namespace Foam
-{
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(cloud, 0);
-}
+defineTypeNameAndDebug(Foam::cloud, 0);
+
+const Foam::word Foam::cloud::prefix("lagrangian");
+Foam::word Foam::cloud::defaultName("defaultCloud");
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ Foam::cloud::cloud(const objectRegistry& obr, const word& cloudName)
     (
         IOobject
         (
-            cloudName,
+            ( cloudName.size() ? cloudName : defaultName ),
             obr.time().timeName(),
-            "lagrangian",
+            prefix,
             obr,
             IOobject::NO_READ,
             IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/fields/cloud/cloud.H b/src/OpenFOAM/fields/cloud/cloud.H
index 68743e6e96..0c0915464e 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/fields/cloud/cloud.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/fields/cloud/cloud.H
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ namespace Foam
 class mapPolyMesh;
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                           Class cloud Declaration
+                            Class cloud Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 class cloud
@@ -69,15 +69,16 @@ public:
     //- Runtime type information
     TypeName("cloud");
 
+        //- The prefix to local: %lagrangian
+        static const word prefix;
+
+        //- The default cloud name: %defaultCloud
+        static word defaultName;
 
     // Constructors
 
         //- Construct for the given objectRegistry and named cloud instance
-        cloud
-        (
-            const objectRegistry& obr,
-            const word& cloudName = "defaultCloud"
-        );
+        cloud(const objectRegistry&, const word& cloudName = "");
 
 
     // Destructor
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/fields/pointPatchFields/constraint/processor/processorPointPatchField.C b/src/OpenFOAM/fields/pointPatchFields/constraint/processor/processorPointPatchField.C
index 02fb26d52c..c5b8c8334d 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/fields/pointPatchFields/constraint/processor/processorPointPatchField.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/fields/pointPatchFields/constraint/processor/processorPointPatchField.C
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ void processorPointPatchField<Type>::initSwapAdd(Field<Type>& pField) const
 {
     if (Pstream::parRun())
     {
+        // Get internal field into my point order
         Field<Type> pf(this->patchInternalField(pField));
 
         OPstream::write
@@ -130,11 +131,7 @@ void processorPointPatchField<Type>::swapAdd(Field<Type>& pField) const
 
         if (doTransform())
         {
-            const labelList& nonGlobalPatchPoints =
-                procPatch_.nonGlobalPatchPoints();
-
             const processorPolyPatch& ppp = procPatch_.procPolyPatch();
-            const labelListList& pointFaces = ppp.pointFaces();
             const tensorField& forwardT = ppp.forwardT();
 
             if (forwardT.size() == 1)
@@ -143,6 +140,10 @@ void processorPointPatchField<Type>::swapAdd(Field<Type>& pField) const
             }
             else
             {
+                const labelList& nonGlobalPatchPoints =
+                    procPatch_.nonGlobalPatchPoints();
+                const labelListList& pointFaces = ppp.pointFaces();
+
                 forAll(nonGlobalPatchPoints, pfi)
                 {
                     pnf[pfi] = transform
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/interpolations/interpolationTable/interpolationTable.C b/src/OpenFOAM/interpolations/interpolationTable/interpolationTable.C
index aa6d0d750f..9ea1307ee1 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/interpolations/interpolationTable/interpolationTable.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/interpolations/interpolationTable/interpolationTable.C
@@ -67,11 +67,25 @@ Foam::interpolationTable<Type>::interpolationTable()
 
 
 template<class Type>
-Foam::interpolationTable<Type>::interpolationTable(const fileName& fn)
+Foam::interpolationTable<Type>::interpolationTable
+(
+    const List<Tuple2<scalar, Type> >& values,
+    const boundsHandling bounds,
+    const fileName& fName
+)
+:
+    List<Tuple2<scalar, Type> >(values),
+    boundsHandling_(bounds),
+    fileName_(fName)
+{}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+Foam::interpolationTable<Type>::interpolationTable(const fileName& fName)
 :
     List<Tuple2<scalar, Type> >(),
     boundsHandling_(interpolationTable::WARN),
-    fileName_(fn)
+    fileName_(fName)
 {
     readTable();
 }
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/interpolations/interpolationTable/interpolationTable.H b/src/OpenFOAM/interpolations/interpolationTable/interpolationTable.H
index 2637ccf808..884c3cabd7 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/interpolations/interpolationTable/interpolationTable.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/interpolations/interpolationTable/interpolationTable.H
@@ -102,8 +102,16 @@ public:
         //- Construct null
         interpolationTable();
 
+        //- Construct from components
+        interpolationTable
+        (
+            const List<Tuple2<scalar, Type> >& values,
+            const boundsHandling bounds,
+            const fileName& fName
+        );
+
         //- Construct given the name of the file containing the table of data
-        interpolationTable(const fileName& fn);
+        interpolationTable(const fileName& fName);
 
         //- Construct by reading the fileName and boundsHandling from dictionary
         //  and read the table from that file.
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.C b/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.C
index 8672f32753..8c37d28b42 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.C
@@ -162,10 +162,7 @@ bool Foam::solution::read()
             relaxationFactors_ = dict.subDict("relaxationFactors");
         }
 
-        if (relaxationFactors_.found("default"))
-        {
-            relaxationFactors_.lookup("default") >> defaultRelaxationFactor_;
-        }
+        relaxationFactors_.readIfPresent("default", defaultRelaxationFactor_);
 
         if (dict.found("solvers"))
         {
@@ -227,7 +224,7 @@ Foam::scalar Foam::solution::relaxationFactor(const word& name) const
     {
         FatalIOErrorIn
         (
-            "Foam::solution::relaxationFactor(const word& name)",
+            "Foam::solution::relaxationFactor(const word&)",
             relaxationFactors_
         )   << "Cannot find relaxationFactor for '" << name
             << "' or a suitable default value."
@@ -242,7 +239,7 @@ const Foam::dictionary& Foam::solution::solverDict(const word& name) const
 {
     if (debug)
     {
-        InfoIn("solution::solverDict(const word& name)")
+        InfoIn("solution::solverDict(const word&)")
             << "Lookup solver for " << name << endl;
     }
 
@@ -254,7 +251,7 @@ const Foam::dictionary& Foam::solution::solver(const word& name) const
 {
     if (debug)
     {
-        InfoIn("solution::solver(const word& name)")
+        InfoIn("solution::solver(const word&)")
             << "Lookup solver for " << name << endl;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/pointMesh/pointPatches/constraint/processor/processorPointPatch.C b/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/pointMesh/pointPatches/constraint/processor/processorPointPatch.C
index 2e3e001ca9..eee664b1fb 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/pointMesh/pointPatches/constraint/processor/processorPointPatch.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/pointMesh/pointPatches/constraint/processor/processorPointPatch.C
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ void Foam::processorPointPatch::initGeometry()
     }
     else
     {
-        // Slave side.  Create the reversed patch and pick up its points
+        // Slave side. Create the reversed patch and pick up its points
         // so that the order is correct
         const polyPatch& pp = patch();
 
@@ -236,6 +236,7 @@ void processorPointPatch::initPatchPatchPoints()
     );
 
     toNeighbProc
+        << ppmp.size()              // number of points for checking
         << patchPatchPoints
         << patchPatchPointNormals;
 
@@ -257,13 +258,33 @@ void Foam::processorPointPatch::calcPatchPatchPoints()
         neighbProcNo()
     );
 
+    label nbrNPoints(readLabel(fromNeighbProc));
     labelListList patchPatchPoints(fromNeighbProc);
     List<List<vector> > patchPatchPointNormals(fromNeighbProc);
 
     pointBoundaryMesh& pbm = const_cast<pointBoundaryMesh&>(boundaryMesh());
-
     const labelList& ppmp = meshPoints();
 
+    // Simple check for the very rare situation when not the same number
+    // of points on both sides. This can happen with decomposed cyclics.
+    // If on one side the cyclic shares a point with proc faces coming from
+    // internal faces it will have a different number of points from
+    // the situation where the cyclic and the 'normal' proc faces are fully
+    // separate.
+    if (nbrNPoints != ppmp.size())
+    {
+        WarningIn("processorPointPatch::calcPatchPatchPoints()")
+            << "Processor patch " << name()
+            << " has " << ppmp.size() << " points; coupled patch has "
+            << nbrNPoints << " points." << endl
+            << "   (usually due to decomposed cyclics)."
+            << " This might give problems" << endl
+            << "    when using point fields (interpolation, mesh motion)."
+            << endl;
+    }
+
+
+
     // Loop over the patches looking for other patches that share points
     forAll(patchPatchPoints, patchi)
     {
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/polyMesh/polyPatches/constraint/processor/processorPolyPatch.C b/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/polyMesh/polyPatches/constraint/processor/processorPolyPatch.C
index 00091293fa..70eafc70a8 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/polyMesh/polyPatches/constraint/processor/processorPolyPatch.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/polyMesh/polyPatches/constraint/processor/processorPolyPatch.C
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ void Foam::processorPolyPatch::initGeometry()
         (
             Pstream::blocking,
             neighbProcNo(),
-            3*(sizeof(label) + size()*sizeof(vector) + sizeof(float))
+            3*(sizeof(label) + size()*sizeof(vector) + sizeof(scalar))
         );
 
         toNeighbProc
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ void Foam::processorPolyPatch::calcGeometry()
             (
                 Pstream::blocking,
                 neighbProcNo(),
-                3*(sizeof(label) + size()*sizeof(vector) + sizeof(float))
+                3*(sizeof(label) + size()*sizeof(vector) + sizeof(scalar))
             );
             fromNeighbProc
                 >> neighbFaceCentres_
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/primitiveMesh/PrimitivePatch/PrimitivePatch.H b/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/primitiveMesh/PrimitivePatch/PrimitivePatch.H
index f0bd005b47..c741b0839e 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/primitiveMesh/PrimitivePatch/PrimitivePatch.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/primitiveMesh/PrimitivePatch/PrimitivePatch.H
@@ -330,7 +330,9 @@ public:
 
         // Addressing into mesh
 
-            //- Return labelList of mesh points in patch
+            //- Return labelList of mesh points in patch. They are constructed
+            //  walking through the faces in incremental order and not sorted
+            //  anymore.
             const labelList& meshPoints() const;
 
             //- Mesh point map.  Given the global point index find its
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/primitiveMesh/PrimitivePatch/PrimitivePatchMeshData.C b/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/primitiveMesh/PrimitivePatch/PrimitivePatchMeshData.C
index 9941b02459..30cffb6310 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/primitiveMesh/PrimitivePatch/PrimitivePatchMeshData.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/meshes/primitiveMesh/PrimitivePatch/PrimitivePatchMeshData.C
@@ -67,30 +67,56 @@ calcMeshData() const
     // number of faces in the patch
     Map<label> markedPoints(4*this->size());
 
-    // if the point is used, set the mark to 1
+
+    // Important:
+    // ~~~~~~~~~~
+    // In <= 1.5 the meshPoints would be in increasing order but this gives
+    // problems in processor point synchronisation where we have to find out
+    // how the opposite side would have allocated points.
+
+    ////- 1.5 code:
+    //// if the point is used, set the mark to 1
+    //forAll (*this, faceI)
+    //{
+    //    const Face& curPoints = this->operator[](faceI);
+    //
+    //    forAll (curPoints, pointI)
+    //    {
+    //        markedPoints.insert(curPoints[pointI], -1);
+    //    }
+    //}
+    //
+    //// Create the storage and store the meshPoints.  Mesh points are
+    //// the ones marked by the usage loop above
+    //meshPointsPtr_ = new labelList(markedPoints.toc());
+    //labelList& pointPatch = *meshPointsPtr_;
+    //
+    //// Sort the list to preserve compatibility with the old ordering
+    //sort(pointPatch);
+    //
+    //// For every point in map give it its label in mesh points
+    //forAll (pointPatch, pointI)
+    //{
+    //    markedPoints.find(pointPatch[pointI])() = pointI;
+    //}
+
+    //- Unsorted version:
+    DynamicList<label> meshPoints(2*this->size());
     forAll (*this, faceI)
     {
         const Face& curPoints = this->operator[](faceI);
 
         forAll (curPoints, pointI)
         {
-            markedPoints.insert(curPoints[pointI], -1);
+            if (markedPoints.insert(curPoints[pointI], meshPoints.size()))
+            {
+                meshPoints.append(curPoints[pointI]);
+            }
         }
     }
+    // Transfer to straight list (reuses storage)
+    meshPointsPtr_ = new labelList(meshPoints, true);
 
-    // Create the storage and store the meshPoints.  Mesh points are
-    // the ones marked by the usage loop above
-    meshPointsPtr_ = new labelList(markedPoints.toc());
-    labelList& pointPatch = *meshPointsPtr_;
-
-    // Sort the list to preserve compatibility with the old ordering
-    sort(pointPatch);
-
-    // For every point in map give it its label in mesh points
-    forAll (pointPatch, pointI)
-    {
-        markedPoints.find(pointPatch[pointI])() = pointI;
-    }
 
     // Create local faces. Note that we start off from copy of original face
     // list (even though vertices are overwritten below). This is done so
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/bools/Switch/Switch.C b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/bools/Switch/Switch.C
index 9b7b449a22..8648532a32 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/bools/Switch/Switch.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/bools/Switch/Switch.C
@@ -38,20 +38,20 @@ const char* Foam::Switch::names[Foam::Switch::INVALID+1] =
     "off",   "on",
     "no",    "yes",
     "n",     "y",
+    "none",  "true",  // is there a reasonable counterpart to "none"?
     "invalid"
 };
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::Switch::switchType Foam::Switch::asEnum(const bool val)
+Foam::Switch::switchType Foam::Switch::asEnum(const bool b)
 {
-    return val ? Switch::TRUE : Switch::FALSE;
+    return b ? Switch::TRUE : Switch::FALSE;
 }
 
 
-Foam::Switch::switchType
-Foam::Switch::asEnum
+Foam::Switch::switchType Foam::Switch::asEnum
 (
     const std::string& str,
     const bool allowInvalid
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ Foam::Switch::asEnum
     {
         if (str == names[sw])
         {
-            // convert y/n to yes/no (perhaps should deprecate y/n)
-            if (sw == Switch::NO_1)
+            // convert n/y to no/yes (perhaps should deprecate y/n)
+            if (sw == Switch::NO_1 || sw == Switch::NONE)
             {
                 return Switch::NO;
             }
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ Foam::Switch::asEnum
 
 bool Foam::Switch::asBool(const switchType sw)
 {
+    // relies on (INVALID & 0x1) evaluating to false
     return (sw & 0x1);
 }
 
@@ -103,13 +104,19 @@ bool Foam::Switch::asBool
     // allow invalid values, but catch after for correct error message
     switchType sw = asEnum(str, true);
 
-    if (sw == Switch::INVALID && !allowInvalid)
+    if (sw == Switch::INVALID)
     {
-        FatalErrorIn("Switch::asBool(const std::string&)")
-            << "unknown switch word " << str << nl
-            << abort(FatalError);
+        if (!allowInvalid)
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn("Switch::asBool(const std::string&)")
+                << "unknown switch word " << str << nl
+                << abort(FatalError);
+        }
+
+        return false;
     }
 
+
     return (sw & 0x1);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/bools/Switch/Switch.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/bools/Switch/Switch.H
index b37e2bbb40..adda09cf4e 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/bools/Switch/Switch.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/bools/Switch/Switch.H
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ Class
 
 Description
     A simple wrapper around bool so that it can be read as a word:
-    true/false, on/off, yes/no or y/n.
+    true/false, on/off, yes/no or y/n or none.
 
 SourceFiles
     Switch.C
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ public:
             OFF   = 2,  ON    = 3,
             NO    = 4,  YES   = 5,
             NO_1  = 6,  YES_1 = 7,
+            NONE  = 8,  PLACEHOLDER = 9,
             INVALID
         };
 
@@ -176,9 +177,10 @@ public:
         }
 
         //- Assignment from bool
-        void operator=(const bool b)
+        const Switch& operator=(const bool b)
         {
             switch_ = (b ? Switch::TRUE : Switch::FALSE);
+            return *this;
         }
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/complex/complex.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/complex/complex.H
index 1def519a99..ae94a75b66 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/complex/complex.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/complex/complex.H
@@ -51,13 +51,13 @@ namespace Foam
 
 class complex;
 
-inline scalar magSqr(const complex& c);
-inline complex sqr(const complex& c);
-inline scalar mag(const complex& c);
-inline const complex& max(const complex& c1, const complex& c2);
-inline const complex& min(const complex& c1, const complex& c2);
-inline complex limit(const complex& c1, const complex& c2);
-inline const complex& sum(const complex& c);
+inline scalar magSqr(const complex&);
+inline complex sqr(const complex&);
+inline scalar mag(const complex&);
+inline const complex& max(const complex&, const complex&);
+inline const complex& min(const complex&, const complex&);
+inline complex limit(const complex&, const complex&);
+inline const complex& sum(const complex&);
 inline complex operator+(const complex&, const complex&);
 inline complex operator-(const complex&);
 inline complex operator-(const complex&, const complex&);
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ inline complex operator*(const scalar, const complex&);
 inline complex operator*(const complex&, const scalar);
 inline complex operator/(const complex&, const scalar);
 inline complex operator/(const scalar, const complex&);
-Istream& operator>>(Istream& is, complex&);
-Ostream& operator<<(Ostream& os, const complex& C);
+Istream& operator>>(Istream&, complex&);
+Ostream& operator<<(Ostream&, const complex&);
 
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
@@ -127,13 +127,13 @@ public:
 
     // Member operators
 
-        inline void operator=(const complex&);
+        inline const complex& operator=(const complex&);
         inline void operator+=(const complex&);
         inline void operator-=(const complex&);
         inline void operator*=(const complex&);
         inline void operator/=(const complex&);
 
-        inline void operator=(const scalar);
+        inline const complex& operator=(const scalar);
         inline void operator+=(const scalar);
         inline void operator-=(const scalar);
         inline void operator*=(const scalar);
@@ -150,12 +150,12 @@ public:
         friend scalar magSqr(const complex& c);
         friend complex sqr(const complex& c);
         friend scalar mag(const complex& c);
-        friend const complex& max(const complex& c1, const complex& c2);
-        friend const complex& min(const complex& c1, const complex& c2);
+        friend const complex& max(const complex&, const complex&);
+        friend const complex& min(const complex&, const complex&);
 
-        friend complex limit(const complex& c1, const complex& c2);
+        friend complex limit(const complex&, const complex&);
 
-        friend const complex& sum(const complex& c);
+        friend const complex& sum(const complex&);
 
 
     // Friend operators
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/complex/complexI.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/complex/complexI.H
index 8e693eb744..501a11519a 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/complex/complexI.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/complex/complexI.H
@@ -76,10 +76,11 @@ inline complex complex::conjugate() const
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-inline void complex::operator=(const complex& c)
+inline const complex& complex::operator=(const complex& c)
 {
     re = c.re;
     im = c.im;
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
@@ -109,10 +110,11 @@ inline void complex::operator/=(const complex& c)
 }
 
 
-inline void complex::operator=(const scalar s)
+inline const complex& complex::operator=(const scalar s)
 {
     re = s;
     im = 0.0;
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
@@ -234,8 +236,8 @@ inline complex operator+(const complex& c1, const complex& c2)
 {
     return complex
     (
-        c1.re+c2.re,
-        c1.im+c2.im
+        c1.re + c2.re,
+        c1.im + c2.im
     );
 }
 
@@ -254,8 +256,8 @@ inline complex operator-(const complex& c1, const complex& c2)
 {
     return complex
     (
-        c1.re-c2.re,
-        c1.im-c2.im
+        c1.re - c2.re,
+        c1.im - c2.im
     );
 }
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/fileName/fileName.C b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/fileName/fileName.C
index c6faa26073..6d930e9fe8 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/fileName/fileName.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/fileName/fileName.C
@@ -196,36 +196,41 @@ Foam::word Foam::fileName::component
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-void Foam::fileName::operator=(const fileName& str)
+const Foam::fileName& Foam::fileName::operator=(const fileName& str)
 {
     string::operator=(str);
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-void Foam::fileName::operator=(const word& str)
+const Foam::fileName& Foam::fileName::operator=(const word& str)
 {
     string::operator=(str);
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-void Foam::fileName::operator=(const string& str)
+const Foam::fileName& Foam::fileName::operator=(const string& str)
 {
     string::operator=(str);
     stripInvalid();
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-void Foam::fileName::operator=(const std::string& str)
+const Foam::fileName& Foam::fileName::operator=(const std::string& str)
 {
     string::operator=(str);
     stripInvalid();
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-void Foam::fileName::operator=(const char* str)
+const Foam::fileName& Foam::fileName::operator=(const char* str)
 {
     string::operator=(str);
     stripInvalid();
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/fileName/fileName.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/fileName/fileName.H
index ccb2d3caa4..a47f53ed80 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/fileName/fileName.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/fileName/fileName.H
@@ -158,11 +158,11 @@ public:
 
         // Assignment
 
-            void operator=(const fileName&);
-            void operator=(const word&);
-            void operator=(const string&);
-            void operator=(const std::string&);
-            void operator=(const char*);
+            const fileName& operator=(const fileName&);
+            const fileName& operator=(const word&);
+            const fileName& operator=(const string&);
+            const fileName& operator=(const std::string&);
+            const fileName& operator=(const char*);
 
 
     // IOstream operators
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/keyType/keyType.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/keyType/keyType.H
index 29f851c738..8bfd9b4d09 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/keyType/keyType.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/keyType/keyType.H
@@ -106,12 +106,12 @@ public:
 
         // Assignment
 
-            inline void operator=(const keyType&);
-            inline void operator=(const word&);
+            inline const keyType& operator=(const keyType&);
+            inline const keyType& operator=(const word&);
 
             //- Assign from regular expression.
-            inline void operator=(const string&);
-            inline void operator=(const char*);
+            inline const keyType& operator=(const string&);
+            inline const keyType& operator=(const char*);
 
 
     // IOstream operators
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/keyType/keyTypeI.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/keyType/keyTypeI.H
index 391f666aff..61828468a6 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/keyType/keyTypeI.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/keyType/keyTypeI.H
@@ -89,34 +89,38 @@ inline bool Foam::keyType::isPattern() const
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-inline void Foam::keyType::operator=(const keyType& s)
+inline const Foam::keyType& Foam::keyType::operator=(const keyType& s)
 {
     // Bypass checking
     string::operator=(s);
     isPattern_ = s.isPattern_;
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::keyType::operator=(const word& s)
+inline const Foam::keyType& Foam::keyType::operator=(const word& s)
 {
     word::operator=(s);
     isPattern_ = false;
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::keyType::operator=(const string& s)
+inline const Foam::keyType& Foam::keyType::operator=(const string& s)
 {
     // Bypass checking
     string::operator=(s);
     isPattern_ = true;
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::keyType::operator=(const char* s)
+inline const Foam::keyType& Foam::keyType::operator=(const char* s)
 {
     // Bypass checking
     string::operator=(s);
     isPattern_ = false;
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/string/string.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/string/string.H
index 247b031d6c..97c6dd4d4d 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/string/string.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/string/string.H
@@ -144,6 +144,9 @@ public:
         template<class String>
         static inline string quotemeta(const string&, const char quote='\\');
 
+        //- Avoid masking the normal std::string replace
+        using std::string::replace;
+
         //- Replace first occurence of sub-string oldStr with newStr
         //  starting at start
         string& replace
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/word/word.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/word/word.H
index 1c74119a27..5c910b7891 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/word/word.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/word/word.H
@@ -117,10 +117,10 @@ public:
 
         // Assignment
 
-            inline void operator=(const word&);
-            inline void operator=(const string&);
-            inline void operator=(const std::string&);
-            inline void operator=(const char*);
+            inline const word& operator=(const word&);
+            inline const word& operator=(const string&);
+            inline const word& operator=(const std::string&);
+            inline const word& operator=(const char*);
 
 
     // Friend Operators
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/word/wordI.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/word/wordI.H
index b1daf2752c..c7f9cdb878 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/word/wordI.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/word/wordI.H
@@ -132,30 +132,34 @@ inline bool Foam::word::valid(char c)
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-inline void Foam::word::operator=(const word& q)
+inline const Foam::word& Foam::word::operator=(const word& q)
 {
     string::operator=(q);
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::word::operator=(const string& q)
+inline const Foam::word& Foam::word::operator=(const string& q)
 {
     string::operator=(q);
     stripInvalid();
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::word::operator=(const std::string& q)
+inline const Foam::word& Foam::word::operator=(const std::string& q)
 {
     string::operator=(q);
     stripInvalid();
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::word::operator=(const char* q)
+inline const Foam::word& Foam::word::operator=(const char* q)
 {
     string::operator=(q);
     stripInvalid();
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/wordRe/wordRe.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/wordRe/wordRe.H
index aee6c3a883..741d76e553 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/wordRe/wordRe.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/wordRe/wordRe.H
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Description
 Note
     If the string contents are changed - eg, by the operator+=() or by
     string::replace(), etc - it will be necessary to use compile() or
-    recompile() to sychronize the regular expression.
+    recompile() to synchronize the regular expression.
 
 SourceFiles
     wordRe.C
@@ -187,22 +187,22 @@ public:
 
             //- Assign copy
             //  Always case sensitive
-            inline void operator=(const wordRe&);
+            inline const wordRe& operator=(const wordRe&);
 
             //- Copy word, never a regular expression
-            inline void operator=(const word&);
+            inline const wordRe& operator=(const word&);
 
             //- Copy string, auto-test for regular expression
             //  Always case sensitive
-            inline void operator=(const string&);
+            inline const wordRe& operator=(const string&);
 
             //- Copy string, auto-test for regular expression
             //  Always case sensitive
-            inline void operator=(const std::string&);
+            inline const wordRe& operator=(const std::string&);
 
             //- Copy string, auto-test for regular expression
             //  Always case sensitive
-            inline void operator=(const char*);
+            inline const wordRe& operator=(const char*);
 
 
     // IOstream operators
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/wordRe/wordReI.H b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/wordRe/wordReI.H
index b84694ba82..7f242eb2c5 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/wordRe/wordReI.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/primitives/strings/wordRe/wordReI.H
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ inline void Foam::wordRe::set(const char* str, const compOption opt)
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-inline void Foam::wordRe::operator=(const wordRe& str)
+inline const Foam::wordRe& Foam::wordRe::operator=(const wordRe& str)
 {
     string::operator=(str);
 
@@ -225,34 +225,39 @@ inline void Foam::wordRe::operator=(const wordRe& str)
     {
         re_.clear();
     }
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::wordRe::operator=(const word& str)
+inline const Foam::wordRe& Foam::wordRe::operator=(const word& str)
 {
     word::operator=(str);
     re_.clear();
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::wordRe::operator=(const string& str)
+inline const Foam::wordRe& Foam::wordRe::operator=(const string& str)
 {
     string::operator=(str);
     compile(DETECT);  // auto-detect regex
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::wordRe::operator=(const std::string& str)
+inline const Foam::wordRe& Foam::wordRe::operator=(const std::string& str)
 {
     string::operator=(str);
     compile(DETECT);  // auto-detect regex
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
-inline void Foam::wordRe::operator=(const char* str)
+inline const Foam::wordRe& Foam::wordRe::operator=(const char* str)
 {
     string::operator=(str);
     compile(DETECT);  // auto-detect regex
+    return *this;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/autoHexMeshDriver/autoHexMeshDriver.H b/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/autoHexMeshDriver/autoHexMeshDriver.H
index 83e7dd9c69..9ae910b5a7 100644
--- a/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/autoHexMeshDriver/autoHexMeshDriver.H
+++ b/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/autoHexMeshDriver/autoHexMeshDriver.H
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ SourceFiles
 
 #include "autoPtr.H"
 #include "dictionary.H"
-#include "pointField.H"
 #include "boolList.H"
 #include "wallPoint.H"
 #include "searchableSurfaces.H"
diff --git a/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/autoHexMeshDriver/autoSnapDriver.C b/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/autoHexMeshDriver/autoSnapDriver.C
index aa7ecddf8b..011417c29e 100644
--- a/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/autoHexMeshDriver/autoSnapDriver.C
+++ b/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/autoHexMeshDriver/autoSnapDriver.C
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ Description
 
 #include "autoSnapDriver.H"
 #include "Time.H"
-#include "pointFields.H"
 #include "motionSmoother.H"
 #include "polyTopoChange.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
@@ -1389,11 +1388,7 @@ Foam::autoPtr<Foam::mapPolyMesh> Foam::autoSnapDriver::repatchToSurface
             }
         }
 
-        pointField localFaceCentres(pp.size());
-        forAll(pp, i)
-        {
-            localFaceCentres[i] = mesh.faceCentres()[pp.addressing()[i]];
-        }
+        pointField localFaceCentres(mesh.faceCentres(), pp.addressing());
 
         // Get nearest surface and region
         labelList hitSurface;
diff --git a/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/meshRefinement/meshRefinementRefine.C b/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/meshRefinement/meshRefinementRefine.C
index 24c7819d8d..d42ac05b22 100644
--- a/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/meshRefinement/meshRefinementRefine.C
+++ b/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/meshRefinement/meshRefinementRefine.C
@@ -1242,7 +1242,7 @@ Foam::autoPtr<Foam::mapPolyMesh> Foam::meshRefinement::refine
 // Do refinement of consistent set of cells followed by truncation and
 // load balancing.
 Foam::autoPtr<Foam::mapDistributePolyMesh>
- Foam::meshRefinement::refineAndBalance
+Foam::meshRefinement::refineAndBalance
 (
     const string& msg,
     decompositionMethod& decomposer,
diff --git a/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/shellSurfaces/shellSurfaces.C b/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/shellSurfaces/shellSurfaces.C
index 9c06ccddea..856f2ba923 100644
--- a/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/shellSurfaces/shellSurfaces.C
+++ b/src/autoMesh/autoHexMesh/shellSurfaces/shellSurfaces.C
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ void Foam::shellSurfaces::orient()
 
     if (hasSurface)
     {
-        const point outsidePt = 2 * overallBb.span();
+        const point outsidePt = overallBb.max() + overallBb.span();
 
         //Info<< "Using point " << outsidePt << " to orient shells" << endl;
 
diff --git a/src/conversion/meshReader/meshReaderAux.C b/src/conversion/meshReader/meshReaderAux.C
index a0c179a8be..856d704857 100644
--- a/src/conversion/meshReader/meshReaderAux.C
+++ b/src/conversion/meshReader/meshReaderAux.C
@@ -97,10 +97,8 @@ void Foam::meshReader::writeInterfaces(const objectRegistry& registry) const
     OFstream os(ioObj.objectPath());
     ioObj.writeHeader(os);
 
-    os  << interfaces_
-        << "// *************************************"
-        << "************************************ //"
-        << endl;
+    os << interfaces_;
+    ioObj.writeEndDivider(os);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh.C b/src/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh.C
index aff80a2ac3..d0b81bc8c2 100644
--- a/src/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh.C
+++ b/src/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh.C
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ defineTypeNameAndDebug(Foam::dynamicFvMesh, 0);
 
 defineRunTimeSelectionTable(Foam::dynamicFvMesh, IOobject);
 
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 Foam::dynamicFvMesh::dynamicFvMesh(const IOobject& io)
@@ -45,4 +46,5 @@ Foam::dynamicFvMesh::dynamicFvMesh(const IOobject& io)
 Foam::dynamicFvMesh::~dynamicFvMesh()
 {}
 
+
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh.H b/src/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh.H
index dc437ea48e..04d7a69e59 100644
--- a/src/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh.H
+++ b/src/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh/dynamicFvMesh.H
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Class
     Foam::dynamicFvMesh
 
 Description
-    The dynamicFvMesh is ..
+    Abstract base class for geometry and/or topology changing fvMesh.
 
 SourceFiles
     dynamicFvMesh.C
diff --git a/src/dynamicMesh/attachDetach/attachInterface.C b/src/dynamicMesh/attachDetach/attachInterface.C
index 21e4f882fd..4c4294f8f3 100644
--- a/src/dynamicMesh/attachDetach/attachInterface.C
+++ b/src/dynamicMesh/attachDetach/attachInterface.C
@@ -207,7 +207,20 @@ void Foam::attachDetach::attachInterface
                     mesh.faceZones()[modifiedFaceZone].whichFace(curFaceID)
                 ];
         }
-            
+
+
+        label patchID = mesh.boundaryMesh().whichPatch(curFaceID);
+        label neiCell;
+        if (patchID == -1)
+        {
+            neiCell = nei[curFaceID];
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            neiCell = -1;
+        }
+
+
         // Modify the face
         ref.setAction
         (
@@ -216,9 +229,9 @@ void Foam::attachDetach::attachInterface
                 newFace,                // modified face
                 curFaceID,              // label of face being modified
                 own[curFaceID],         // owner
-                nei[curFaceID],         // neighbour
+                neiCell,                // neighbour
                 false,                  // face flip
-                mesh.boundaryMesh().whichPatch(curFaceID),// patch for face
+                patchID,                // patch for face
                 false,                  // remove from zone
                 modifiedFaceZone,       // zone for face
                 modifiedFaceZoneFlip    // face flip in zone
diff --git a/src/dynamicMesh/attachDetach/detachInterface.C b/src/dynamicMesh/attachDetach/detachInterface.C
index 7e0ac0a933..6b57ccb685 100644
--- a/src/dynamicMesh/attachDetach/detachInterface.C
+++ b/src/dynamicMesh/attachDetach/detachInterface.C
@@ -73,6 +73,37 @@ void Foam::attachDetach::detachInterface
     const polyMesh& mesh = topoChanger().mesh();
     const faceZoneMesh& zoneMesh = mesh.faceZones();
 
+    // Check that zone is in increasing order (needed since adding faces
+    // in same order - otherwise polyTopoChange face ordering will mess up
+    // correspondence)
+    if (debug)
+    {
+        const labelList& faceLabels = zoneMesh[faceZoneID_.index()];
+        if (faceLabels.size() > 0)
+        {
+            for (label i = 1; i < faceLabels.size(); i++)
+            {
+                if (faceLabels[i] <= faceLabels[i-1])
+                {
+                    FatalErrorIn
+                    (
+                        "attachDetach::detachInterface"
+                        "(polyTopoChange&) const"
+                    )   << "faceZone " << zoneMesh[faceZoneID_.index()].name()
+                        << " does not have mesh face labels in"
+                        << " increasing order." << endl
+                        << "Face label " << faceLabels[i]
+                        << " at position " << i
+                        << " is smaller than the previous value "
+                        << faceLabels[i-1]
+                        << exit(FatalError);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+
     const primitiveFacePatch& masterFaceLayer = zoneMesh[faceZoneID_.index()]();
     const pointField& points = mesh.points();
     const labelListList& meshEdgeFaces = mesh.edgeFaces();
@@ -109,14 +140,11 @@ void Foam::attachDetach::detachInterface
 
         if (edgeIsInternal)
         {
-// Pout<< "Internal edge found: (" << mp[zoneLocalEdges[curEdgeID].start()] << " " << mp[zoneLocalEdges[curEdgeID].end()] << ")" << endl;
+            const edge& e = zoneLocalEdges[curEdgeID];
 
             // Reset the point creation
-            addedPoints[zoneLocalEdges[curEdgeID].start()] =
-                mp[zoneLocalEdges[curEdgeID].start()];
-
-            addedPoints[zoneLocalEdges[curEdgeID].end()] =
-                mp[zoneLocalEdges[curEdgeID].end()];
+            addedPoints[e.start()] = mp[e.start()];
+            addedPoints[e.end()] = mp[e.end()];
         }
     }
 // Pout << "addedPoints before point creation: " << addedPoints << endl;
@@ -137,7 +165,10 @@ void Foam::attachDetach::detachInterface
                         true                       // supports a cell
                     )
                 );
-// Pout << "Adding point " << points[mp[pointI]] << " for original point " << mp[pointI] << endl;
+            //Pout<< "Adding point " << addedPoints[pointI]
+            //    << " coord1:" << points[mp[pointI]]
+            //    << " coord2:" << masterFaceLayer.localPoints()[pointI]
+            //    << " for original point " << mp[pointI] << endl;
         }
     }
 
@@ -185,6 +216,7 @@ void Foam::attachDetach::detachInterface
             );
 
             // Add renumbered face into the slave patch
+            //label addedFaceI =
             ref.setAction
             (
                 polyAddFace
@@ -201,7 +233,15 @@ void Foam::attachDetach::detachInterface
                     false                           // zone flip
                 )
             );
-// Pout << "Flip.  Modifying face: " << faces[curFaceID].reverseFace() << " next to cell: " << nei[curFaceID] << " and adding face: " << newFace << " next to cell: " << own[curFaceID] << endl;
+            //{
+            //    pointField newPts(ref.points());
+            //Pout<< "Flip.  Modifying face: " << ref.faces()[curFaceID]
+            //    << " fc:" <<  ref.faces()[curFaceID].centre(newPts)
+            //    << " next to cell: " << nei[curFaceID]
+            //    << " and adding face: " << newFace
+            //    << " fc:" << ref.faces()[addedFaceI].centre(newPts)
+            //    << " next to cell: " << own[curFaceID] << endl;
+            //}
         }
         else
         {
@@ -223,6 +263,7 @@ void Foam::attachDetach::detachInterface
             );
 
             // Add renumbered face into the slave patch
+            //label addedFaceI =
             ref.setAction
             (
                 polyAddFace
@@ -239,7 +280,15 @@ void Foam::attachDetach::detachInterface
                     false                           // face flip in zone
                 )
             );
-// Pout << "No flip.  Modifying face: " << faces[curFaceID] << " next to cell: " << own[curFaceID] << " and adding face: " << newFace << " next to cell: " << nei[curFaceID] << endl;
+            //{
+            //    pointField newPts(ref.points());
+            //Pout<< "No flip.  Modifying face: " << ref.faces()[curFaceID]
+            //    << " fc:" <<  ref.faces()[curFaceID].centre(newPts)
+            //    << " next to cell: " << own[curFaceID]
+            //    << " and adding face: " << newFace
+            //    << " fc:" << ref.faces()[addedFaceI].centre(newPts)
+            //    << " next to cell: " << nei[curFaceID] << endl;
+            //}
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/dynamicMesh/polyTopoChange/polyTopoChange/polyTopoChange.C b/src/dynamicMesh/polyTopoChange/polyTopoChange/polyTopoChange.C
index f317573d8a..d2728f8b9d 100644
--- a/src/dynamicMesh/polyTopoChange/polyTopoChange/polyTopoChange.C
+++ b/src/dynamicMesh/polyTopoChange/polyTopoChange/polyTopoChange.C
@@ -1464,6 +1464,11 @@ void Foam::polyTopoChange::resetZones
 
             addressing[zoneI][nPoints[zoneI]++] = iter.key();
         }
+        // Sort the addressing
+        forAll(addressing, zoneI)
+        {
+            stableSort(addressing[zoneI]);
+        }
 
         // So now we both have old zones and the new addressing.
         // Invert the addressing to get pointZoneMap.
@@ -1551,6 +1556,28 @@ void Foam::polyTopoChange::resetZones
             addressing[zoneI][index] = faceI;
             flipMode[zoneI][index] = faceZoneFlip_[faceI];
         }
+        // Sort the addressing
+        forAll(addressing, zoneI)
+        {
+            labelList newToOld;
+            sortedOrder(addressing[zoneI], newToOld);
+            {
+                labelList newAddressing(addressing[zoneI].size());
+                forAll(newAddressing, i)
+                {
+                    newAddressing[i] = addressing[zoneI][newToOld[i]];
+                }
+                addressing[zoneI].transfer(newAddressing);
+            }
+            {
+                boolList newFlipMode(flipMode[zoneI].size());
+                forAll(newFlipMode, i)
+                {
+                    newFlipMode[i] = flipMode[zoneI][newToOld[i]];
+                }
+                flipMode[zoneI].transfer(newFlipMode);
+            }
+        }
 
         // So now we both have old zones and the new addressing.
         // Invert the addressing to get faceZoneFaceMap.
@@ -1644,6 +1671,11 @@ void Foam::polyTopoChange::resetZones
                 addressing[zoneI][nCells[zoneI]++] = cellI;
             }
         }
+        // Sort the addressing
+        forAll(addressing, zoneI)
+        {
+            stableSort(addressing[zoneI]);
+        }
 
         // So now we both have old zones and the new addressing.
         // Invert the addressing to get cellZoneMap.
diff --git a/src/finiteVolume/fields/fvPatchFields/derived/totalPressure/totalPressureFvPatchScalarField.C b/src/finiteVolume/fields/fvPatchFields/derived/totalPressure/totalPressureFvPatchScalarField.C
index f10681e48a..76267d4fa6 100644
--- a/src/finiteVolume/fields/fvPatchFields/derived/totalPressure/totalPressureFvPatchScalarField.C
+++ b/src/finiteVolume/fields/fvPatchFields/derived/totalPressure/totalPressureFvPatchScalarField.C
@@ -229,14 +229,8 @@ void Foam::totalPressureFvPatchScalarField::updateCoeffs()
 void Foam::totalPressureFvPatchScalarField::write(Ostream& os) const
 {
     fvPatchScalarField::write(os);
-    if (UName_ != "U")
-    {
-        os.writeKeyword("U") << UName_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
-    }
-    if (phiName_ != "phi")
-    {
-        os.writeKeyword("phi") << phiName_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
-    }
+    writeEntryIfDifferent<word>(os, "U", "U", UName_);
+    writeEntryIfDifferent<word>(os, "phi", "phi", phiName_);
     os.writeKeyword("rho") << rhoName_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
     os.writeKeyword("psi") << psiName_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
     os.writeKeyword("gamma") << gamma_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
diff --git a/src/finiteVolume/fvMatrices/fvMatrix/fvMatrix.C b/src/finiteVolume/fvMatrices/fvMatrix/fvMatrix.C
index 2134420ead..0fcf2e626d 100644
--- a/src/finiteVolume/fvMatrices/fvMatrix/fvMatrix.C
+++ b/src/finiteVolume/fvMatrices/fvMatrix/fvMatrix.C
@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@ void Foam::fvMatrix<Type>::operator*=
 }
 
 
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Friend Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Global Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::checkMethod
@@ -1297,7 +1297,27 @@ Foam::lduMatrix::solverPerformance Foam::solve(const tmp<fvMatrix<Type> >& tfvm)
 }
 
 
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Friend Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+template<class Type>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::fvMatrix<Type> > Foam::correction
+(
+    const fvMatrix<Type>& A
+)
+{
+    return A - (A & A.psi());
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::fvMatrix<Type> > Foam::correction
+(
+    const tmp<fvMatrix<Type> >& tA
+)
+{
+    return tA - (tA() & tA().psi());
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Global Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
 Foam::tmp<Foam::fvMatrix<Type> > Foam::operator==
diff --git a/src/finiteVolume/fvMatrices/fvMatrix/fvMatrix.H b/src/finiteVolume/fvMatrices/fvMatrix/fvMatrix.H
index e14c0fe497..8ae502cb57 100644
--- a/src/finiteVolume/fvMatrices/fvMatrix/fvMatrix.H
+++ b/src/finiteVolume/fvMatrices/fvMatrix/fvMatrix.H
@@ -547,6 +547,18 @@ template<class Type>
 lduMatrix::solverPerformance solve(const tmp<fvMatrix<Type> >&);
 
 
+//- Return the correction form of the given matrix
+//  by subtracting the matrix multiplied by the current field
+template<class Type>
+tmp<fvMatrix<Type> > correction(const fvMatrix<Type>&);
+
+
+//- Return the correction form of the given temporary matrix
+//  by subtracting the matrix multiplied by the current field
+template<class Type>
+tmp<fvMatrix<Type> > correction(const tmp<fvMatrix<Type> >&);
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Global operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/Make/files b/src/fvMotionSolver/Make/files
index a49366e8ad..41f31c0ecc 100644
--- a/src/fvMotionSolver/Make/files
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/Make/files
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 fvMotionSolvers/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolver.C
 fvMotionSolvers/velocity/laplacian/velocityLaplacianFvMotionSolver.C
+fvMotionSolvers/displacement/displacementFvMotionSolver/displacementFvMotionSolver.C
 fvMotionSolvers/displacement/interpolation/displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver.C
 fvMotionSolvers/displacement/laplacian/displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.C
 fvMotionSolvers/displacement/SBRStress/displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver.C
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/SBRStress/displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver.C b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/SBRStress/displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver.C
index 68f7280c19..8c53669181 100644
--- a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/SBRStress/displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver.C
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/SBRStress/displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver.C
@@ -55,25 +55,10 @@ namespace Foam
 Foam::displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver::displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver
 (
     const polyMesh& mesh,
-    Istream&
+    Istream& is
 )
 :
-    fvMotionSolver(mesh),
-    points0_
-    (
-        pointIOField
-        (
-            IOobject
-            (
-                "points",
-                time().constant(),
-                polyMesh::meshSubDir,
-                mesh,
-                IOobject::MUST_READ,
-                IOobject::NO_WRITE
-            )
-        )
-    ),
+    displacementFvMotionSolver(mesh, is),
     pointDisplacement_
     (
         IOobject
@@ -132,7 +117,7 @@ Foam::displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver::curPoints() const
 
     tmp<pointField> tcurPoints
     (
-        points0_ + pointDisplacement_.internalField()
+        points0() + pointDisplacement_.internalField()
     );
 
     twoDCorrectPoints(tcurPoints());
@@ -208,63 +193,7 @@ void Foam::displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver::updateMesh
     const mapPolyMesh& mpm
 )
 {
-    fvMotionSolver::updateMesh(mpm);
-
-    // Map points0_
-    // Map points0_. Bit special since we somehow have to come up with
-    // a sensible points0 position for introduced points.
-    // Find out scaling between points0 and current points
-
-    // Get the new points either from the map or the mesh
-    const pointField& points =
-    (
-        mpm.hasMotionPoints()
-      ? mpm.preMotionPoints()
-      : fvMesh_.points()
-    );
-
-    // Note: boundBox does reduce
-    const vector span0 = boundBox(points0_).span();
-    const vector span  = boundBox(points).span();
-
-    vector scaleFactors(cmptDivide(span0, span));
-
-    pointField newPoints0(mpm.pointMap().size());
-
-    forAll(newPoints0, pointI)
-    {
-        label oldPointI = mpm.pointMap()[pointI];
-
-        if (oldPointI >= 0)
-        {
-            label masterPointI = mpm.reversePointMap()[oldPointI];
-
-            if (masterPointI == pointI)
-            {
-                newPoints0[pointI] = points0_[oldPointI];
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // New point. Assume motion is scaling.
-                newPoints0[pointI] = points0_[oldPointI] + cmptMultiply
-                (
-                    scaleFactors,
-                    points[pointI]-points[masterPointI]
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            FatalErrorIn
-            (
-                "displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver::updateMesh"
-                "(const mapPolyMesh& mpm)"
-            )   << "Cannot work out coordinates of introduced vertices."
-                << " New vertex " << pointI << " at coordinate "
-                << points[pointI] << exit(FatalError);
-        }
-    }
-    points0_.transfer(newPoints0);
+    displacementFvMotionSolver::updateMesh(mpm);
 
     // Update diffusivity. Note two stage to make sure old one is de-registered
     // before creating/registering new one.
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/SBRStress/displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver.H b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/SBRStress/displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver.H
index 740fed7e7b..766025cf86 100644
--- a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/SBRStress/displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver.H
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/SBRStress/displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver.H
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver_H
 #define displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver_H
 
-#include "fvMotionSolver.H"
+#include "displacementFvMotionSolver.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -53,13 +53,10 @@ class motionDiffusivity;
 
 class displacementSBRStressFvMotionSolver
 :
-    public fvMotionSolver
+    public displacementFvMotionSolver
 {
     // Private data
 
-        //- Reference point field
-        pointField points0_;
-
         //- Point motion field
         mutable pointVectorField pointDisplacement_;
 
@@ -105,12 +102,6 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        //- Return reference to the reference field
-        const pointField& points0() const
-        {
-            return points0_;
-        }
-
         //- Return reference to the point motion displacement field
         pointVectorField& pointDisplacement()
         {
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/displacementFvMotionSolver/displacementFvMotionSolver.C b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/displacementFvMotionSolver/displacementFvMotionSolver.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa3d51bd4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/displacementFvMotionSolver/displacementFvMotionSolver.C
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "displacementFvMotionSolver.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "mapPolyMesh.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(displacementFvMotionSolver, 0);
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::displacementFvMotionSolver::displacementFvMotionSolver
+(
+    const polyMesh& mesh,
+    Istream&
+)
+:
+    fvMotionSolver(mesh),
+    points0_
+    (
+        pointIOField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "points",
+                mesh.time().constant(),
+                polyMesh::meshSubDir,
+                mesh,
+                IOobject::MUST_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+                false
+            )
+        )
+    )
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::displacementFvMotionSolver::~displacementFvMotionSolver()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::displacementFvMotionSolver::updateMesh(const mapPolyMesh& mpm)
+{
+    fvMotionSolver::updateMesh(mpm);
+
+    // Map points0_. Bit special since we somehow have to come up with
+    // a sensible points0 position for introduced points.
+    // Find out scaling between points0 and current points
+
+    // Get the new points either from the map or the mesh
+    const pointField& points =
+    (
+        mpm.hasMotionPoints()
+      ? mpm.preMotionPoints()
+      : fvMesh_.points()
+    );
+
+    // Note: boundBox does reduce
+    const vector span0 = boundBox(points0_).span();
+    const vector span  = boundBox(points).span();
+
+    vector scaleFactors(cmptDivide(span0, span));
+
+    pointField newPoints0(mpm.pointMap().size());
+
+    forAll(newPoints0, pointI)
+    {
+        label oldPointI = mpm.pointMap()[pointI];
+
+        if (oldPointI >= 0)
+        {
+            label masterPointI = mpm.reversePointMap()[oldPointI];
+
+            if (masterPointI == pointI)
+            {
+                newPoints0[pointI] = points0_[oldPointI];
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // New point. Assume motion is scaling.
+                newPoints0[pointI] = points0_[oldPointI] + cmptMultiply
+                (
+                    scaleFactors,
+                    points[pointI]-points[masterPointI]
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver::updateMesh"
+                "(const mapPolyMesh& mpm)"
+            )   << "Cannot work out coordinates of introduced vertices."
+                << " New vertex " << pointI << " at coordinate "
+                << points[pointI] << exit(FatalError);
+        }
+    }
+    points0_.transfer(newPoints0);
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/displacementFvMotionSolver/displacementFvMotionSolver.H b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/displacementFvMotionSolver/displacementFvMotionSolver.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aedd15f704
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/displacementFvMotionSolver/displacementFvMotionSolver.H
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::displacementFvMotionSolver.H
+
+Description
+    Base class for fvMotionSolvers which calculate displacement.
+
+SourceFiles
+    displacementFvMotionSolver.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef displacementFvMotionSolver_H
+#define displacementFvMotionSolver_H
+
+#include "fvMotionSolver.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+        Class displacementFvMotionSolver Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class displacementFvMotionSolver
+:
+    public fvMotionSolver
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Reference point field
+        pointField points0_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
+        displacementFvMotionSolver
+        (
+            const displacementFvMotionSolver&
+        );
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
+        void operator=(const displacementFvMotionSolver&);
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("displacementInterpolation");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from polyMesh and data stream
+        displacementFvMotionSolver
+        (
+            const polyMesh&,
+            Istream& msDataUnused
+        );
+
+
+    // Destructor
+
+        ~displacementFvMotionSolver();
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return reference to the reference field
+        const pointField& points0() const
+        {
+            return points0_;
+        }
+
+        //- Update topology
+        virtual void updateMesh(const mapPolyMesh&);
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/interpolation/displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver.C b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/interpolation/displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver.C
index 178d1d1b2a..cdd5a999ec 100644
--- a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/interpolation/displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver.C
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/interpolation/displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver.C
@@ -58,26 +58,10 @@ Foam::displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver::
 displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver
 (
     const polyMesh& mesh,
-    Istream&
+    Istream& is
 )
 :
-    fvMotionSolver(mesh),
-    points0_
-    (
-        pointIOField
-        (
-            IOobject
-            (
-                "points",
-                mesh.time().constant(),
-                polyMesh::meshSubDir,
-                mesh,
-                IOobject::MUST_READ,
-                IOobject::NO_WRITE,
-                false
-            )
-        )
-    ),
+    displacementFvMotionSolver(mesh, is),
     dynamicMeshCoeffs_
     (
         IOdictionary
@@ -174,7 +158,7 @@ displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver
             forAll(fz().meshPoints(), localI)
             {
                 label pointI = fz().meshPoints()[localI];
-                const scalar coord = points0_[pointI][dir];
+                const scalar coord = points0()[pointI][dir];
                 minCoord = min(minCoord, coord);
                 maxCoord = max(maxCoord, coord);
             }
@@ -198,7 +182,7 @@ displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver
         zoneCoordinates[zoneCoordinates.size()-1] += SMALL;
 
         // Check if we have static min and max mesh bounds
-        const scalarField meshCoords = points0_.component(dir);
+        const scalarField meshCoords = points0().component(dir);
 
         scalar minCoord = gMin(meshCoords);
         scalar maxCoord = gMax(meshCoords);
@@ -288,7 +272,7 @@ displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver
                     "displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver::"
                     "displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver"
                     "(const polyMesh&, Istream&)"
-                )   << "Did not find point " << points0_[pointI]
+                )   << "Did not find point " << points0()[pointI]
                     << " coordinate " << meshCoords[pointI]
                     << " in ranges " << rangeToCoord
                     << abort(FatalError);
@@ -344,18 +328,18 @@ Foam::displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver::
 Foam::tmp<Foam::pointField>
 Foam::displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver::curPoints() const
 {
-    if (mesh().nPoints() != points0_.size())
+    if (mesh().nPoints() != points0().size())
     {
         FatalErrorIn
         (
             "displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver::curPoints() const"
         )   << "The number of points in the mesh seems to have changed." << endl
-            << "In constant/polyMesh there are " << points0_.size()
+            << "In constant/polyMesh there are " << points0().size()
             << " points; in the current mesh there are " << mesh().nPoints()
             << " points." << exit(FatalError);
     }
 
-    tmp<pointField> tcurPoints(new pointField(points0_));
+    tmp<pointField> tcurPoints(new pointField(points0()));
     pointField& curPoints = tcurPoints();
 
     // Interpolate the diplacement of the face zones.
@@ -413,68 +397,4 @@ Foam::displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver::curPoints() const
 }
 
 
-void Foam::displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver::updateMesh
-(
-    const mapPolyMesh& mpm
-)
-{
-    fvMotionSolver::updateMesh(mpm);
-
-    // Map points0_. Bit special since we somehow have to come up with
-    // a sensible points0 position for introduced points.
-    // Find out scaling between points0 and current points
-
-    // Get the new points either from the map or the mesh
-    const pointField& points =
-    (
-        mpm.hasMotionPoints()
-      ? mpm.preMotionPoints()
-      : fvMesh_.points()
-    );
-
-    // Note: boundBox does reduce
-    const vector span0 = boundBox(points0_).span();
-    const vector span  = boundBox(points).span();
-
-    vector scaleFactors(cmptDivide(span0, span));
-
-    pointField newPoints0(mpm.pointMap().size());
-
-    forAll(newPoints0, pointI)
-    {
-        label oldPointI = mpm.pointMap()[pointI];
-
-        if (oldPointI >= 0)
-        {
-            label masterPointI = mpm.reversePointMap()[oldPointI];
-
-            if (masterPointI == pointI)
-            {
-                newPoints0[pointI] = points0_[oldPointI];
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // New point. Assume motion is scaling.
-                newPoints0[pointI] = points0_[oldPointI] + cmptMultiply
-                (
-                    scaleFactors,
-                    points[pointI]-points[masterPointI]
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            FatalErrorIn
-            (
-                "displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver::updateMesh"
-                "(const mapPolyMesh& mpm)"
-            )   << "Cannot work out coordinates of introduced vertices."
-                << " New vertex " << pointI << " at coordinate "
-                << points[pointI] << exit(FatalError);
-        }
-    }
-    points0_.transfer(newPoints0);
-}
-
-
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/interpolation/displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver.H b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/interpolation/displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver.H
index cd7438df06..d67886ac3c 100644
--- a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/interpolation/displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver.H
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/interpolation/displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver.H
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver_H
 #define displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver_H
 
-#include "fvMotionSolver.H"
+#include "displacementFvMotionSolver.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -61,13 +61,10 @@ namespace Foam
 
 class displacementInterpolationFvMotionSolver
 :
-    public fvMotionSolver
+    public displacementFvMotionSolver
 {
     // Private data
 
-        //- Reference point field
-        pointField points0_;
-
         //- Additional settings for motion solver
         dictionary dynamicMeshCoeffs_;
 
@@ -130,21 +127,12 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        //- Return reference to the reference field
-        const pointField& points0() const
-        {
-            return points0_;
-        }
-
         //- Return point location obtained from the current motion field
         virtual tmp<pointField> curPoints() const;
 
         //- Solve for motion
         virtual void solve()
         {}
-
-        //- Update topology
-        virtual void updateMesh(const mapPolyMesh&);
 };
 
 
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/laplacian/displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.C b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/laplacian/displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.C
index a979feebb3..e57a17cce9 100644
--- a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/laplacian/displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.C
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/laplacian/displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.C
@@ -53,26 +53,10 @@ namespace Foam
 Foam::displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver::displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver
 (
     const polyMesh& mesh,
-    Istream&
+    Istream& is
 )
 :
-    fvMotionSolver(mesh),
-    points0_
-    (
-        pointIOField
-        (
-            IOobject
-            (
-                "points",
-                time().constant(),
-                polyMesh::meshSubDir,
-                mesh,
-                IOobject::MUST_READ,
-                IOobject::NO_WRITE,
-                false
-            )
-        )
-    ),
+    displacementFvMotionSolver(mesh, is),
     pointDisplacement_
     (
         IOobject
@@ -186,7 +170,7 @@ Foam::displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver::curPoints() const
         }
 
         pointLocation_().internalField() =
-            points0_
+            points0()
           + pointDisplacement_.internalField();
 
         pointLocation_().correctBoundaryConditions();
@@ -198,7 +182,7 @@ Foam::displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver::curPoints() const
 
             forAll(pz, i)
             {
-                pointLocation_()[pz[i]] = points0_[pz[i]];
+                pointLocation_()[pz[i]] = points0()[pz[i]];
             }
         }
 
@@ -210,7 +194,7 @@ Foam::displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver::curPoints() const
     {
         tmp<pointField> tcurPoints
         (
-            points0_ + pointDisplacement_.internalField()
+            points0() + pointDisplacement_.internalField()
         );
 
         // Implement frozen points
@@ -220,7 +204,7 @@ Foam::displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver::curPoints() const
 
             forAll(pz, i)
             {
-                tcurPoints()[pz[i]] = points0_[pz[i]];
+                tcurPoints()[pz[i]] = points0()[pz[i]];
             }
         }
 
@@ -257,74 +241,7 @@ void Foam::displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver::updateMesh
     const mapPolyMesh& mpm
 )
 {
-    fvMotionSolver::updateMesh(mpm);
-
-    // Map points0_. Bit special since we somehow have to come up with
-    // a sensible points0 position for introduced points.
-    // Find out scaling between points0 and current points
-
-    // Get the new points either from the map or the mesh
-    const pointField& points =
-    (
-        mpm.hasMotionPoints()
-      ? mpm.preMotionPoints()
-      : fvMesh_.points()
-    );
-
-    // Note: boundBox does reduce
-    const vector span0 = boundBox(points0_).span();
-    const vector span  = boundBox(points).span();
-
-    vector scaleFactors(cmptDivide(span0, span));
-
-    pointField newPoints0(mpm.pointMap().size());
-
-    forAll(newPoints0, pointI)
-    {
-        label oldPointI = mpm.pointMap()[pointI];
-
-        if (oldPointI >= 0)
-        {
-            label masterPointI = mpm.reversePointMap()[oldPointI];
-
-            if (masterPointI == pointI)
-            {
-                newPoints0[pointI] = points0_[oldPointI];
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // New point. Assume motion is scaling.
-                newPoints0[pointI] = points0_[oldPointI] + cmptMultiply
-                (
-                    scaleFactors,
-                    points[pointI]-points[masterPointI]
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            FatalErrorIn
-            (
-                "displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver::updateMesh"
-                "(const mapPolyMesh& mpm)"
-            )   << "Cannot work out coordinates of introduced vertices."
-                << " New vertex " << pointI << " at coordinate "
-                << points[pointI] << exit(FatalError);
-        }
-    }
-    points0_.transfer(newPoints0);
-
-    if (debug & 2)
-    {
-        OFstream str(time().timePath()/"points0.obj");
-        Pout<< "displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver :"
-            << " Writing points0_ to " << str.name() << endl;
-
-        forAll(points0_, pointI)
-        {
-            meshTools::writeOBJ(str, points0_[pointI]);
-        }
-    }
+    displacementFvMotionSolver::updateMesh(mpm);
 
     // Update diffusivity. Note two stage to make sure old one is de-registered
     // before creating/registering new one.
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/laplacian/displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.H b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/laplacian/displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.H
index 67ed89c40f..6ba0c01e32 100644
--- a/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/laplacian/displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.H
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/fvMotionSolvers/displacement/laplacian/displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.H
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver_H
 #define displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver_H
 
-#include "fvMotionSolver.H"
+#include "displacementFvMotionSolver.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -53,13 +53,10 @@ class motionDiffusivity;
 
 class displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver
 :
-    public fvMotionSolver
+    public displacementFvMotionSolver
 {
     // Private data
 
-        //- Reference point field
-        pointField points0_;
-
         //- Point motion field
         mutable pointVectorField pointDisplacement_;
 
@@ -113,13 +110,6 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-
-        //- Return reference to the reference field
-        const pointField& points0() const
-        {
-            return points0_;
-        }
-
         //- Return reference to the point motion displacement field
         pointVectorField& pointDisplacement()
         {
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/pointPatchFields/derived/surfaceSlipDisplacement/surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField.C b/src/fvMotionSolver/pointPatchFields/derived/surfaceSlipDisplacement/surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField.C
index 68e0151f85..8c310481d7 100644
--- a/src/fvMotionSolver/pointPatchFields/derived/surfaceSlipDisplacement/surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField.C
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/pointPatchFields/derived/surfaceSlipDisplacement/surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField.C
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ License
 #include "Time.H"
 #include "transformField.H"
 #include "fvMesh.H"
-#include "displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver.H"
+#include "displacementFvMotionSolver.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -52,6 +52,254 @@ const NamedEnum<surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField::followMode, 3>
     surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField::followModeNames_;
 
 
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField::calcProjection
+(
+    vectorField& displacement
+) const
+{
+    const polyMesh& mesh = patch().boundaryMesh().mesh()();
+    const pointField& localPoints = patch().localPoints();
+    const labelList& meshPoints = patch().meshPoints();
+
+    //const scalar deltaT = mesh.time().deltaT().value();
+
+    // Construct large enough vector in direction of projectDir so
+    // we're guaranteed to hit something.
+
+    //- Per point projection vector:
+    const scalar projectLen = mag(mesh.bounds().max()-mesh.bounds().min());
+
+    // For case of fixed projection vector:
+    vector projectVec;
+    if (projectMode_ == FIXEDNORMAL)
+    {
+        vector n = projectDir_/mag(projectDir_);
+        projectVec = projectLen*n;
+    }
+
+
+    // Get fixed points (bit of a hack)
+    const pointZone* zonePtr = NULL;
+
+    if (frozenPointsZone_.size() > 0)
+    {
+        const pointZoneMesh& pZones = mesh.pointZones();
+
+        zonePtr = &pZones[pZones.findZoneID(frozenPointsZone_)];
+
+        Pout<< "surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField : Fixing all "
+            << zonePtr->size() << " points in pointZone " << zonePtr->name()
+            << endl;
+    }
+
+    // Get the starting locations from the motionSolver
+    const displacementFvMotionSolver& motionSolver =
+        mesh.lookupObject<displacementFvMotionSolver>
+        (
+            "dynamicMeshDict"
+        );
+    const pointField& points0 = motionSolver.points0();
+
+
+    pointField start(meshPoints.size());
+    forAll(start, i)
+    {
+        start[i] = points0[meshPoints[i]] + displacement[i];
+    }
+
+    label nNotProjected = 0;
+
+    if (projectMode_ == NEAREST)
+    {
+        List<pointIndexHit> nearest;
+        labelList hitSurfaces;
+        surfaces().findNearest
+        (
+            start,
+            scalarField(start.size(), sqr(projectLen)),
+            hitSurfaces,
+            nearest
+        );
+
+        forAll(nearest, i)
+        {
+            if (zonePtr && (zonePtr->whichPoint(meshPoints[i]) >= 0))
+            {
+                // Fixed point. Reset to point0 location.
+                displacement[i] = points0[meshPoints[i]] - localPoints[i];
+            }
+            else if (nearest[i].hit())
+            {
+                displacement[i] =
+                    nearest[i].hitPoint()
+                  - points0[meshPoints[i]];
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                nNotProjected++;
+
+                if (debug)
+                {
+                    Pout<< "    point:" << meshPoints[i]
+                        << " coord:" << localPoints[i]
+                        << "  did not find any surface within " << projectLen
+                        << endl;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // Do tests on all points. Combine later on.
+
+        // 1. Check if already on surface
+        List<pointIndexHit> nearest;
+        {
+            labelList nearestSurface;
+            surfaces().findNearest
+            (
+                start,
+                scalarField(start.size(), sqr(SMALL)),
+                nearestSurface,
+                nearest
+            );
+        }
+
+        // 2. intersection. (combined later on with information from nearest
+        // above)
+        vectorField projectVecs(start.size(), projectVec);
+
+        if (projectMode_ == POINTNORMAL)
+        {
+            projectVecs = projectLen*patch().pointNormals();
+        }
+
+        // Knock out any wedge component
+        scalarField offset(start.size(), 0.0);
+        if (wedgePlane_ >= 0 && wedgePlane_ <= vector::nComponents)
+        {
+            forAll(offset, i)
+            {
+                offset[i] = start[i][wedgePlane_];
+                start[i][wedgePlane_] = 0;
+                projectVecs[i][wedgePlane_] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        List<pointIndexHit> rightHit;
+        {
+            labelList rightSurf;
+            surfaces().findAnyIntersection
+            (
+                start,
+                start+projectVecs,
+                rightSurf,
+                rightHit
+            );
+        }
+        
+        List<pointIndexHit> leftHit;
+        {
+            labelList leftSurf;
+            surfaces().findAnyIntersection
+            (
+                start,
+                start-projectVecs,
+                leftSurf,
+                leftHit
+            );
+        }
+
+        // 3. Choose either -fixed, nearest, right, left.
+        forAll(displacement, i)
+        {
+            if (zonePtr && (zonePtr->whichPoint(meshPoints[i]) >= 0))
+            {
+                // Fixed point. Reset to point0 location.
+                displacement[i] = points0[meshPoints[i]] - localPoints[i];
+            }
+            else if (nearest[i].hit())
+            {
+                // Found nearest.
+                displacement[i] =
+                    nearest[i].hitPoint()
+                  - points0[meshPoints[i]];
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                pointIndexHit interPt;
+
+                if (rightHit[i].hit())
+                {
+                    if (leftHit[i].hit())
+                    {
+                        if
+                        (
+                            magSqr(rightHit[i].hitPoint()-start[i])
+                          < magSqr(leftHit[i].hitPoint()-start[i])
+                        )
+                        {
+                            interPt = rightHit[i];
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            interPt = leftHit[i];
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        interPt = rightHit[i];
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    if (leftHit[i].hit())
+                    {
+                        interPt = leftHit[i];
+                    }
+                }
+
+
+                if (interPt.hit())
+                {
+                    if (wedgePlane_ >= 0 && wedgePlane_ <= vector::nComponents)
+                    {
+                        interPt.rawPoint()[wedgePlane_] += offset[i];
+                    }
+                    displacement[i] = interPt.rawPoint()-points0[meshPoints[i]];
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    nNotProjected++;
+
+                    if (debug)
+                    {
+                        Pout<< "    point:" << meshPoints[i]
+                            << " coord:" << localPoints[i]
+                            << "  did not find any intersection between"
+                            << " ray from " << start[i]-projectVecs[i]
+                            << " to " << start[i]+projectVecs[i] << endl;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    reduce(nNotProjected, sumOp<label>());
+
+    if (nNotProjected > 0)
+    {
+        Info<< "surfaceSlipDisplacement :"
+            << " on patch " << patch().name()
+            << " did not project " << nNotProjected
+            << " out of " << returnReduce(localPoints.size(), sumOp<label>())
+            << " points." << endl;
+    }
+}
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField::
@@ -81,7 +329,7 @@ surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField
     projectMode_(followModeNames_.read(dict.lookup("followMode"))),
     projectDir_(dict.lookup("projectDirection")),
     wedgePlane_(readLabel(dict.lookup("wedgePlane"))),
-    frozenPointsZone_(dict.lookup("frozenPointsZone"))
+    frozenPointsZone_(dict.lookupOrDefault("frozenPointsZone", word::null))
 {}
 
 
@@ -167,229 +415,10 @@ void surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField::evaluate
     const Pstream::commsTypes commsType
 )
 {
-    const polyMesh& mesh = patch().boundaryMesh().mesh()();
-
-    // const scalar deltaT = mesh.time().deltaT().value();
-
-    // Construct large enough vector in direction of projectDir so
-    // we're guaranteed to hit something.
-
-    const scalar projectLen = mesh.bounds().mag();
-
-    // For case of fixed projection vector:
-    vector projectVec;
-    if (projectMode_ == FIXEDNORMAL)
-    {
-        vector n = projectDir_/mag(projectDir_);
-        projectVec = projectLen*n;
-    }
-
-    //- Per point projection vector:
-
-    const pointField& localPoints = patch().localPoints();
-    const labelList& meshPoints = patch().meshPoints();
-
     vectorField displacement(this->patchInternalField());
 
-
-    // Get fixed points (bit of a hack)
-    const pointZone* zonePtr = NULL;
-
-    if (frozenPointsZone_.size())
-    {
-        const pointZoneMesh& pZones = mesh.pointZones();
-
-        zonePtr = &pZones[pZones.findZoneID(frozenPointsZone_)];
-
-        Pout<< "surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField : Fixing all "
-            << zonePtr->size() << " points in pointZone " << zonePtr->name()
-            << endl;
-    }
-
-    // Get the starting locations from the motionSolver
-    const displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver& motionSolver =
-        mesh.lookupObject<displacementLaplacianFvMotionSolver>
-        (
-            "dynamicMeshDict"
-        );
-    const pointField& points0 = motionSolver.points0();
-
-
-//XXXXXX
-
-
-    pointField start(meshPoints.size());
-    forAll(start, i)
-    {
-        start[i] = points0[meshPoints[i]] + displacement[i];
-    }
-
-    if (projectMode_ == NEAREST)
-    {
-        List<pointIndexHit> nearest;
-        labelList hitSurfaces;
-        surfaces().findNearest
-        (
-            start,
-            scalarField(start.size(), sqr(projectLen)),
-            hitSurfaces,
-            nearest
-        );
-
-        forAll(nearest, i)
-        {
-            if (zonePtr && (zonePtr->whichPoint(meshPoints[i]) >= 0))
-            {
-                // Fixed point. Reset to point0 location.
-                displacement[i] = points0[meshPoints[i]] - localPoints[i];
-            }
-            else if (nearest[i].hit())
-            {
-                displacement[i] =
-                    nearest[i].hitPoint()
-                  - points0[meshPoints[i]];
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                Pout<< "    point:" << meshPoints[i]
-                    << " coord:" << localPoints[i]
-                    << "  did not find any surface within " << projectLen
-                    << endl;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // Do tests on all points. Combine later on.
-
-        // 1. Check if already on surface
-        List<pointIndexHit> nearest;
-        {
-            labelList nearestSurface;
-            surfaces().findNearest
-            (
-                start,
-                scalarField(start.size(), sqr(SMALL)),
-                nearestSurface,
-                nearest
-            );
-        }
-
-        // 2. intersection. (combined later on with information from nearest
-        // above)
-        vectorField projectVecs(start.size(), projectVec);
-
-        if (projectMode_ == POINTNORMAL)
-        {
-            projectVecs = projectLen*patch().pointNormals();
-        }
-
-        // Knock out any wedge component
-        scalarField offset(start.size(), 0.0);
-        if (wedgePlane_ >= 0 && wedgePlane_ <= vector::nComponents)
-        {
-            forAll(offset, i)
-            {
-                offset[i] = start[i][wedgePlane_];
-                start[i][wedgePlane_] = 0;
-                projectVecs[i][wedgePlane_] = 0;
-            }
-        }
-
-        List<pointIndexHit> rightHit;
-        {
-            labelList rightSurf;
-            surfaces().findAnyIntersection
-            (
-                start,
-                start+projectVecs,
-                rightSurf,
-                rightHit
-            );
-        }
-
-        List<pointIndexHit> leftHit;
-        {
-            labelList leftSurf;
-            surfaces().findAnyIntersection
-            (
-                start,
-                start-projectVecs,
-                leftSurf,
-                leftHit
-            );
-        }
-
-        // 3. Choose either -fixed, nearest, right, left.
-        forAll(displacement, i)
-        {
-            if (zonePtr && (zonePtr->whichPoint(meshPoints[i]) >= 0))
-            {
-                // Fixed point. Reset to point0 location.
-                displacement[i] = points0[meshPoints[i]] - localPoints[i];
-            }
-            else if (nearest[i].hit())
-            {
-                // Found nearest.
-                displacement[i] =
-                    nearest[i].hitPoint()
-                  - points0[meshPoints[i]];
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                pointIndexHit interPt;
-
-                if (rightHit[i].hit())
-                {
-                    if (leftHit[i].hit())
-                    {
-                        if
-                        (
-                            magSqr(rightHit[i].hitPoint()-start[i])
-                          < magSqr(leftHit[i].hitPoint()-start[i])
-                        )
-                        {
-                            interPt = rightHit[i];
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            interPt = leftHit[i];
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        interPt = rightHit[i];
-                    }
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    if (leftHit[i].hit())
-                    {
-                        interPt = leftHit[i];
-                    }
-                }
-
-
-                if (interPt.hit())
-                {
-                    if (wedgePlane_ >= 0 && wedgePlane_ <= vector::nComponents)
-                    {
-                        interPt.rawPoint()[wedgePlane_] += offset[i];
-                    }
-                    displacement[i] = interPt.rawPoint()-points0[meshPoints[i]];
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    Pout<< "    point:" << meshPoints[i]
-                        << " coord:" << localPoints[i]
-                        << "  did not find any intersection between ray from "
-                        << start[i]-projectVecs[i]
-                        << " to " << start[i]+projectVecs[i]
-                        << endl;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
+    // Calculate displacement to project points onto surface
+    calcProjection(displacement);
 
     // Get internal field to insert values into
     Field<vector>& iF = const_cast<Field<vector>&>(this->internalField());
@@ -412,8 +441,11 @@ void surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField::write(Ostream& os) const
         << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
     os.writeKeyword("wedgePlane") << wedgePlane_
         << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
-    os.writeKeyword("frozenPointsZone") << frozenPointsZone_
-        << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
+    if (frozenPointsZone_ != word::null)
+    {
+        os.writeKeyword("frozenPointsZone") << frozenPointsZone_
+            << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
+    }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/fvMotionSolver/pointPatchFields/derived/surfaceSlipDisplacement/surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField.H b/src/fvMotionSolver/pointPatchFields/derived/surfaceSlipDisplacement/surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField.H
index d74ca862e2..9edb42ac0d 100644
--- a/src/fvMotionSolver/pointPatchFields/derived/surfaceSlipDisplacement/surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField.H
+++ b/src/fvMotionSolver/pointPatchFields/derived/surfaceSlipDisplacement/surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField.H
@@ -107,6 +107,9 @@ private:
 
     // Private Member Functions
 
+        //- Calculate displacement to project onto surface
+        void calcProjection(vectorField& displacement) const;
+
         //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
         void operator=(const surfaceSlipDisplacementPointPatchVectorField&);
 
diff --git a/src/meshTools/coordinateSystems/coordinateRotation/coordinateRotation.C b/src/meshTools/coordinateSystems/coordinateRotation/coordinateRotation.C
index aea3123f89..f3c95afc91 100644
--- a/src/meshTools/coordinateSystems/coordinateRotation/coordinateRotation.C
+++ b/src/meshTools/coordinateSystems/coordinateRotation/coordinateRotation.C
@@ -45,37 +45,20 @@ void Foam::coordinateRotation::calcTransform
     const axisOrder& order
 )
 {
-    const scalar orthogonalityError = 1.0e-8;
-
     vector a = axis1 / mag(axis1);
     vector b = axis2;
 
     // Absorb minor nonorthogonality into axis2
     b = b - (b & a)*a;
 
-    if (mag(b) < orthogonalityError)
+    if (mag(b) < SMALL)
     {
-        FatalErrorIn
-        (
-            "coordinateRotation::calcTransform()"
-        )
+        FatalErrorIn("coordinateRotation::calcTransform()")
             << "axis1, axis2 appear co-linear: "
             << axis1 << ", " << axis2 << endl
             << abort(FatalError);
     }
 
-    // this error check is probably no longer required
-    if (mag(a & b)/(mag(a)*mag(b)) >= orthogonalityError)
-    {
-        FatalErrorIn
-        (
-            "coordinateRotation::calcTransform()"
-        )
-            << "coordinate system nonorthogonality " << nl
-            << "mag(axis1 & axis2) = " << mag(a & b)
-            << abort(FatalError);
-    }
-
     b = b / mag(b);
     vector c = a ^ b;
 
@@ -102,10 +85,7 @@ void Foam::coordinateRotation::calcTransform
             break;
 
         default:
-            FatalErrorIn
-            (
-                "coordinateRotation::calcTransform()"
-            )
+            FatalErrorIn("coordinateRotation::calcTransform()")
                 << "programmer error" << endl
                 << abort(FatalError);
             break;
@@ -241,4 +221,5 @@ void Foam::coordinateRotation::operator=(const dictionary& rhs)
     calcTransform(axis1, axis2, order);
 }
 
+
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/meshTools/indexedOctree/indexedOctree.C b/src/meshTools/indexedOctree/indexedOctree.C
index 9b065c36ac..2131c3aaf6 100644
--- a/src/meshTools/indexedOctree/indexedOctree.C
+++ b/src/meshTools/indexedOctree/indexedOctree.C
@@ -824,8 +824,10 @@ Foam::direction Foam::indexedOctree<Type>::getFace
 }
 
 
-// Traverse a node. If intersects a triangle return first intersection point.
-// Else return the bounxing box face hit:
+// Traverse a node. If intersects a triangle return first intersection point:
+//  hitInfo.index = index of shape
+//  hitInfo.point = point on shape
+// Else return a miss and the bounding box face hit:
 //  hitInfo.point = coordinate of intersection of ray with bounding box
 //  faceID  = index of bounding box face
 template <class Type>
@@ -918,10 +920,10 @@ void Foam::indexedOctree<Type>::traverseNode
         {
             faceID = 0;
 
-            WarningIn("indexedOctree<Type>::traverseNode")
+            FatalErrorIn("indexedOctree<Type>::traverseNode(..)")
                 << "Did not hit side of box " << subBb
                 << " with ray from " << start << " to " << end
-                << endl;
+                << abort(FatalError);
         }
         else
         {
@@ -936,10 +938,10 @@ void Foam::indexedOctree<Type>::traverseNode
         {
             faceID = 0;
 
-            WarningIn("indexedOctree<Type>::traverseNode")
+            FatalErrorIn("indexedOctree<Type>::traverseNode(..)")
                 << "Did not hit side of box " << subBb
                 << " with ray from " << start << " to " << end
-                << endl;
+                << abort(FatalError);
         }
         else
         {
diff --git a/src/meshTools/searchableSurface/triSurfaceMesh.C b/src/meshTools/searchableSurface/triSurfaceMesh.C
index 4703d69201..877f264341 100644
--- a/src/meshTools/searchableSurface/triSurfaceMesh.C
+++ b/src/meshTools/searchableSurface/triSurfaceMesh.C
@@ -120,6 +120,29 @@ const Foam::fileName& Foam::triSurfaceMesh::checkFile
 }
 
 
+bool Foam::triSurfaceMesh::addFaceToEdge
+(
+    const edge& e,
+    EdgeMap<label>& facesPerEdge
+)
+{
+    EdgeMap<label>::iterator eFnd = facesPerEdge.find(e);
+    if (eFnd != facesPerEdge.end())
+    {
+        if (eFnd() == 2)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        eFnd()++;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        facesPerEdge.insert(e, 1);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+
 bool Foam::triSurfaceMesh::isSurfaceClosed() const
 {
     // Construct pointFaces. Let's hope surface has compact point
@@ -142,48 +165,41 @@ bool Foam::triSurfaceMesh::isSurfaceClosed() const
             const labelledTri& f = triSurface::operator[](pFaces[i]);
             label fp = findIndex(f, pointI);
 
-            // Forward edge
-            {
-                label p1 = f[f.fcIndex(fp)];
+            // Something weird: if I expand the code of addFaceToEdge in both
+            // below instances it gives a segmentation violation on some
+            // surfaces. Compiler (4.3.2) problem?
 
-                if (p1 > pointI)
+
+            // Forward edge
+            label nextPointI = f[f.fcIndex(fp)];
+
+            if (nextPointI > pointI)
+            {
+                bool okFace = addFaceToEdge
+                (
+                    edge(pointI, nextPointI),
+                    facesPerEdge
+                );
+
+                if (!okFace)
                 {
-                    const edge e(pointI, p1);
-                    EdgeMap<label>::iterator eFnd = facesPerEdge.find(e);
-                    if (eFnd != facesPerEdge.end())
-                    {
-                        if (eFnd() == 2)
-                        {
-                            return false;
-                        }
-                        eFnd()++;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        facesPerEdge.insert(e, 1);
-                    }
+                    return false;
                 }
             }
             // Reverse edge
-            {
-                label p1 = f[f.rcIndex(fp)];
+            label prevPointI = f[f.rcIndex(fp)];
 
-                if (p1 > pointI)
+            if (prevPointI > pointI)
+            {
+                bool okFace = addFaceToEdge
+                (
+                    edge(pointI, prevPointI),
+                    facesPerEdge
+                );
+
+                if (!okFace)
                 {
-                    const edge e(pointI, p1);
-                    EdgeMap<label>::iterator eFnd = facesPerEdge.find(e);
-                    if (eFnd != facesPerEdge.end())
-                    {
-                        if (eFnd() == 2)
-                        {
-                            return false;
-                        }
-                        eFnd()++;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        facesPerEdge.insert(e, 1);
-                    }
+                    return false;
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/meshTools/searchableSurface/triSurfaceMesh.H b/src/meshTools/searchableSurface/triSurfaceMesh.H
index a4231457d5..b2ec61c14a 100644
--- a/src/meshTools/searchableSurface/triSurfaceMesh.H
+++ b/src/meshTools/searchableSurface/triSurfaceMesh.H
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #include "indexedOctree.H"
 #include "treeDataTriSurface.H"
 #include "treeDataEdge.H"
+#include "EdgeMap.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -91,6 +92,13 @@ private:
             const fileName& objectName
         );
 
+        //- Helper function for isSurfaceClosed
+        static bool addFaceToEdge
+        (
+            const edge&,
+            EdgeMap<label>&
+        );
+
         //- Check whether surface is closed without calculating any permanent
         //  addressing.
         bool isSurfaceClosed() const;
diff --git a/src/meshTools/triSurface/orientedSurface/orientedSurface.C b/src/meshTools/triSurface/orientedSurface/orientedSurface.C
index 911d06747a..10e1fa8f2f 100644
--- a/src/meshTools/triSurface/orientedSurface/orientedSurface.C
+++ b/src/meshTools/triSurface/orientedSurface/orientedSurface.C
@@ -175,6 +175,51 @@ Foam::labelList Foam::orientedSurface::edgeToFace
 }
 
 
+void Foam::orientedSurface::walkSurface
+(
+    const triSurface& s,
+    const label startFaceI,
+    labelList& flipState
+)
+{
+    // List of faces that were changed in the last iteration.
+    labelList changedFaces(1, startFaceI);
+    // List of edges that were changed in the last iteration.
+    labelList changedEdges;
+
+    while(true)
+    {
+        changedEdges = faceToEdge(s, changedFaces);
+
+        if (debug)
+        {
+            Pout<< "From changedFaces:" << changedFaces.size()
+                << " to changedEdges:" << changedEdges.size()
+                << endl;
+        }
+
+        if (changedEdges.empty())
+        {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        changedFaces = edgeToFace(s, changedEdges, flipState);
+
+        if (debug)
+        {
+            Pout<< "From changedEdges:" << changedEdges.size()
+                << " to changedFaces:" << changedFaces.size()
+                << endl;
+        }
+
+        if (changedFaces.empty())
+        {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
 void Foam::orientedSurface::propagateOrientation
 (
     const triSurface& s,
@@ -228,42 +273,8 @@ void Foam::orientedSurface::propagateOrientation
             << endl;
     }
 
-
-    // List of faces that were changed in the last iteration.
-    labelList changedFaces(1, nearestFaceI);
-    // List of edges that were changed in the last iteration.
-    labelList changedEdges;
-
-    while(true)
-    {
-        changedEdges = faceToEdge(s, changedFaces);
-
-        if (debug)
-        {
-            Pout<< "From changedFaces:" << changedFaces.size()
-                << " to changedEdges:" << changedEdges.size()
-                << endl;
-        }
-
-        if (changedEdges.empty())
-        {
-            break;
-        }
-
-        changedFaces = edgeToFace(s, changedEdges, flipState);
-
-        if (debug)
-        {
-            Pout<< "From changedEdges:" << changedEdges.size()
-                << " to changedFaces:" << changedFaces.size()
-                << endl;
-        }
-
-        if (changedFaces.empty())
-        {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
+    // Walk the surface from nearestFaceI, changing the flipstate.
+    walkSurface(s, nearestFaceI, flipState);
 }
 
 
@@ -352,6 +363,26 @@ bool Foam::orientedSurface::orient
     const bool orientOutside
 )
 {
+    bool anyFlipped = false;
+
+    // Do initial flipping to make triangles consistent. Otherwise if the
+    // nearest is e.g. on an edge inbetween inconsistent triangles it might
+    // make the wrong decision.
+    if (s.size() > 0)
+    {
+        // Whether face has to be flipped.
+        //      UNVISITED: unvisited
+        //      NOFLIP: no need to flip
+        //      FLIP: need to flip
+        labelList flipState(s.size(), UNVISITED);
+
+        flipState[0] = NOFLIP;
+        walkSurface(s, 0, flipState);
+
+        anyFlipped = flipSurface(s, flipState);
+    }
+
+
     // Whether face has to be flipped.
     //      UNVISITED: unvisited
     //      NOFLIP: no need to flip
@@ -410,7 +441,9 @@ bool Foam::orientedSurface::orient
     }
 
     // Now finally flip triangles according to flipState.
-    return flipSurface(s, flipState);
+    bool geomFlipped = flipSurface(s, flipState);
+
+    return anyFlipped || geomFlipped;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/meshTools/triSurface/orientedSurface/orientedSurface.H b/src/meshTools/triSurface/orientedSurface/orientedSurface.H
index c0b5ca8c42..812edd31bd 100644
--- a/src/meshTools/triSurface/orientedSurface/orientedSurface.H
+++ b/src/meshTools/triSurface/orientedSurface/orientedSurface.H
@@ -94,6 +94,15 @@ class orientedSurface
             labelList& flip
         );
 
+        //- Walk from face across connected faces. Change orientation to be
+        //  consistent with startFaceI.
+        static void walkSurface
+        (
+            const triSurface& s,
+            const label startFaceI,
+            labelList& flipState
+        );
+
         //- Given nearest point and face check orientation to nearest face
         //  and flip if nessecary (only marked in flipState) and propagate.
         static void propagateOrientation
diff --git a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/field/fieldAverage/fieldAverage/fieldAverage.C b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/field/fieldAverage/fieldAverage/fieldAverage.C
index 24c3fd53d0..8eb7ca65fe 100644
--- a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/field/fieldAverage/fieldAverage/fieldAverage.C
+++ b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/field/fieldAverage/fieldAverage/fieldAverage.C
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ void Foam::fieldAverage::readAveragingProperties()
             obr_.time().timeName(),
             "uniform",
             obr_,
-            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE,
             false
         );
diff --git a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/Make/files b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/Make/files
index 2d37c7c8f3..40a33c238d 100644
--- a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/Make/files
+++ b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/Make/files
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-dynamicPressure/dynamicPressure.C
-dynamicPressure/dynamicPressureFunctionObject.C
+staticPressure/staticPressure.C
+staticPressure/staticPressureFunctionObject.C
 
 dsmcFields/dsmcFields.C
 dsmcFields/dsmcFieldsFunctionObject.C
diff --git a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/IOdynamicPressure.H b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/IOstaticPressure.H
similarity index 86%
rename from src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/IOdynamicPressure.H
rename to src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/IOstaticPressure.H
index 97a5c27353..8409c7f103 100644
--- a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/IOdynamicPressure.H
+++ b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/IOstaticPressure.H
@@ -23,24 +23,24 @@ License
     Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 
 Typedef
-    Foam::IOdynamicPressure
+    Foam::IOstaticPressure
 
 Description
-    Instance of the generic IOOutputFilter for dynamicPressure.
+    Instance of the generic IOOutputFilter for staticPressure.
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef IOdynamicPressure_H
-#define IOdynamicPressure_H
+#ifndef IOstaticPressure_H
+#define IOstaticPressure_H
 
-#include "dynamicPressure.H"
+#include "staticPressure.H"
 #include "IOOutputFilter.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 namespace Foam
 {
-    typedef IOOutputFilter<dynamicPressure> IOdynamicPressure;
+    typedef IOOutputFilter<staticPressure> IOstaticPressure;
 }
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressure.C b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressure.C
similarity index 88%
rename from src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressure.C
rename to src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressure.C
index a31c913ba7..9ca4f715df 100644
--- a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressure.C
+++ b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressure.C
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ License
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "dynamicPressure.H"
+#include "staticPressure.H"
 #include "volFields.H"
 #include "dictionary.H"
 
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ License
 
 namespace Foam
 {
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(dynamicPressure, 0);
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(staticPressure, 0);
 }
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-bool Foam::dynamicPressure::isKinematicPressure()
+bool Foam::staticPressure::isKinematicPressure()
 {
     const volScalarField& p = obr_.lookupObject<volScalarField>(pName_);
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ bool Foam::dynamicPressure::isKinematicPressure()
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::dynamicPressure::dynamicPressure
+Foam::staticPressure::staticPressure
 (
     const word& name,
     const objectRegistry& obr,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ Foam::dynamicPressure::dynamicPressure
         active_ = false;
         WarningIn
         (
-            "dynamicPressure::dynamicPressure"
+            "staticPressure::staticPressure"
             "(const objectRegistry&, const dictionary&)"
         )   << "No fvMesh available, deactivating." << nl
             << endl;
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ Foam::dynamicPressure::dynamicPressure
             active_ = false;
             WarningIn
             (
-                "dynamicPressure::dynamicPressure"
+                "staticPressure::staticPressure"
                 "(const objectRegistry&, const dictionary&)"
             )   << "Pressure is not kinematic pressure, deactivating." << nl
                 << endl;
@@ -93,13 +93,13 @@ Foam::dynamicPressure::dynamicPressure
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::dynamicPressure::~dynamicPressure()
+Foam::staticPressure::~staticPressure()
 {}
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-void Foam::dynamicPressure::read(const dictionary& dict)
+void Foam::staticPressure::read(const dictionary& dict)
 {
     if (active_)
     {
@@ -109,19 +109,19 @@ void Foam::dynamicPressure::read(const dictionary& dict)
 }
 
 
-void Foam::dynamicPressure::execute()
+void Foam::staticPressure::execute()
 {
     // Do nothing - only valid on write
 }
 
 
-void Foam::dynamicPressure::end()
+void Foam::staticPressure::end()
 {
     // Do nothing - only valid on write
 }
 
 
-void Foam::dynamicPressure::write()
+void Foam::staticPressure::write()
 {
     if (active_)
     {
diff --git a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressure.H b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressure.H
similarity index 82%
rename from src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressure.H
rename to src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressure.H
index c3c6bdbb0f..0a7be2c620 100644
--- a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressure.H
+++ b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressure.H
@@ -23,20 +23,22 @@ License
     Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 
 Class
-    Foam::dynamicPressure
+    Foam::staticPressure
 
 Description
-    Converts kinematic pressure to dynamic pressure, from the name of the
-    pressure field, and density.
+    Converts kinematic pressure to static pressure, from the name of the
+    pressure field, and density, i.e.
+
+        p_static = density*p_kinematic
 
 SourceFiles
-    dynamicPressure.C
-    IOdynamicPressure.H
+    staticPressure.C
+    IOstaticPressure.H
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef dynamicPressure_H
-#define dynamicPressure_H
+#ifndef staticPressure_H
+#define staticPressure_H
 
 #include "pointFieldFwd.H"
 
@@ -51,14 +53,14 @@ class dictionary;
 class mapPolyMesh;
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                           Class dynamicPressure Declaration
+                           Class staticPressure Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-class dynamicPressure
+class staticPressure
 {
     // Private data
 
-        //- Name of this set of dynamicPressure objects
+        //- Name of this set of staticPressure objects
         word name_;
 
         const objectRegistry& obr_;
@@ -79,23 +81,23 @@ class dynamicPressure
         bool isKinematicPressure();
 
         //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
-        dynamicPressure(const dynamicPressure&);
+        staticPressure(const staticPressure&);
 
         //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
-        void operator=(const dynamicPressure&);
+        void operator=(const staticPressure&);
 
 
 public:
 
     //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("dynamicPressure");
+    TypeName("staticPressure");
 
 
     // Constructors
 
         //- Construct for given objectRegistry and dictionary.
         //  Allow the possibility to load fields from files
-        dynamicPressure
+        staticPressure
         (
             const word& name,
             const objectRegistry&,
@@ -106,18 +108,18 @@ public:
 
     // Destructor
 
-        virtual ~dynamicPressure();
+        virtual ~staticPressure();
 
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        //- Return name of the set of dynamicPressure
+        //- Return name of the set of staticPressure
         virtual const word& name() const
         {
             return name_;
         }
 
-        //- Read the dynamicPressure data
+        //- Read the staticPressure data
         virtual void read(const dictionary&);
 
         //- Execute, currently does nothing
@@ -126,7 +128,7 @@ public:
         //- Execute at the final time-loop, currently does nothing
         virtual void end();
 
-        //- Calculate the dynamicPressure and write
+        //- Calculate the staticPressure and write
         virtual void write();
 
         //- Update for changes of mesh
diff --git a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressureFunctionObject.C b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressureFunctionObject.C
similarity index 90%
rename from src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressureFunctionObject.C
rename to src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressureFunctionObject.C
index f7c060f586..d84c802a4a 100644
--- a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressureFunctionObject.C
+++ b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressureFunctionObject.C
@@ -24,18 +24,18 @@ License
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "dynamicPressureFunctionObject.H"
+#include "staticPressureFunctionObject.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 namespace Foam
 {
-    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(dynamicPressureFunctionObject, 0);
+    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(staticPressureFunctionObject, 0);
 
     addToRunTimeSelectionTable
     (
         functionObject,
-        dynamicPressureFunctionObject,
+        staticPressureFunctionObject,
         dictionary
     );
 }
diff --git a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressureFunctionObject.H b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressureFunctionObject.H
similarity index 81%
rename from src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressureFunctionObject.H
rename to src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressureFunctionObject.H
index cca83745e8..40f425d4b1 100644
--- a/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/dynamicPressure/dynamicPressureFunctionObject.H
+++ b/src/postProcessing/functionObjects/utilities/staticPressure/staticPressureFunctionObject.H
@@ -23,29 +23,29 @@ License
     Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 
 Typedef
-    Foam::dynamicPressureFunctionObject
+    Foam::staticPressureFunctionObject
 
 Description
-    FunctionObject wrapper around dynamicPressure to allow it to be created via
+    FunctionObject wrapper around staticPressure to allow it to be created via
     the functions list within controlDict.
 
 SourceFiles
-    dynamicPressureFunctionObject.C
+    staticPressureFunctionObject.C
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef dynamicPressureFunctionObject_H
-#define dynamicPressureFunctionObject_H
+#ifndef staticPressureFunctionObject_H
+#define staticPressureFunctionObject_H
 
-#include "dynamicPressure.H"
+#include "staticPressure.H"
 #include "OutputFilterFunctionObject.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 namespace Foam
 {
-    typedef OutputFilterFunctionObject<dynamicPressure>
-        dynamicPressureFunctionObject;
+    typedef OutputFilterFunctionObject<staticPressure>
+        staticPressureFunctionObject;
 }
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/sampling/Make/files b/src/sampling/Make/files
index c528032519..57306e542b 100644
--- a/src/sampling/Make/files
+++ b/src/sampling/Make/files
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ sampledSurface/sampledCuttingPlane/sampledCuttingPlane.C
 sampledSurface/sampledSurface/sampledSurface.C
 sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfaces.C
 sampledSurface/sampledSurfacesFunctionObject/sampledSurfacesFunctionObject.C
+sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/thresholdCellFaces.C
+sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFaces.C
 
 surfWriters = sampledSurface/writers
 
@@ -40,8 +42,8 @@ $(surfWriters)/surfaceWriters.C
 $(surfWriters)/dx/dxSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
 $(surfWriters)/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
 $(surfWriters)/null/nullSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
+$(surfWriters)/proxy/proxySurfaceWriterRunTime.C
 $(surfWriters)/raw/rawSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
-$(surfWriters)/stl/stlSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
 $(surfWriters)/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
 
 graphField/writePatchGraph.C
diff --git a/src/sampling/cuttingPlane/cuttingPlane.H b/src/sampling/cuttingPlane/cuttingPlane.H
index b7e31ef906..6804a9ab18 100644
--- a/src/sampling/cuttingPlane/cuttingPlane.H
+++ b/src/sampling/cuttingPlane/cuttingPlane.H
@@ -62,10 +62,10 @@ class primitiveMesh;
 class cuttingPlane
 :
     public plane,
-    public BasicMeshedSurface<face>
+    public MeshedSurface<face>
 {
     //- Private typedefs for convenience
-        typedef BasicMeshedSurface<face> MeshStorage;
+        typedef MeshedSurface<face> MeshStorage;
 
     // Private data
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/probes/probes.C b/src/sampling/probes/probes.C
index 91c588c6d3..5a6686aad0 100644
--- a/src/sampling/probes/probes.C
+++ b/src/sampling/probes/probes.C
@@ -182,15 +182,24 @@ bool Foam::probes::checkFieldTypes()
     if (Pstream::master())
     {
         fileName probeDir;
+
+        fileName probeSubDir = name_;
+
+        if (obr_.name() != polyMesh::defaultRegion)
+        {
+            probeSubDir = probeSubDir/obr_.name();
+        }
+        probeSubDir = probeSubDir/obr_.time().timeName();
+
         if (Pstream::parRun())
         {
             // Put in undecomposed case
             // (Note: gives problems for distributed data running)
-            probeDir = obr_.time().path()/".."/name_/obr_.time().timeName();
+            probeDir = obr_.time().path()/".."/probeSubDir;
         }
         else
         {
-            probeDir = obr_.time().path()/name_/obr_.time().timeName();
+            probeDir = obr_.time().path()/probeSubDir;
         }
 
         // Close the file if any fields have been removed.
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/gnuplot/gnuplotSetWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/gnuplot/gnuplotSetWriter.H
index 45faa6b907..1096f64519 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/gnuplot/gnuplotSetWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/gnuplot/gnuplotSetWriter.H
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public:
             const coordSet&,
             const wordList&,
             const List<const Field<Type>*>&,
-            Ostream& os
+            Ostream&
         ) const;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/gnuplot/gnuplotSetWriterRunTime.C b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/gnuplot/gnuplotSetWriterRunTime.C
index 3f019d1203..4cdae12b55 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/gnuplot/gnuplotSetWriterRunTime.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/gnuplot/gnuplotSetWriterRunTime.C
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ License
 
 namespace Foam
 {
-    makeSetWriters(gnuplotSetWriter)
+    makeSetWriters(gnuplotSetWriter);
 }
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/jplot/jplotSetWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/jplot/jplotSetWriter.H
index 9897520506..940dec2abe 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/jplot/jplotSetWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/jplot/jplotSetWriter.H
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class jplotSetWriter
     // Private Member Functions
 
         //- Write header
-        Ostream& writeHeader(Ostream& os) const;
+        Ostream& writeHeader(Ostream&) const;
 
 public:
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public:
             const coordSet&,
             const wordList&,
             const List<const Field<Type>*>&,
-            Ostream& os
+            Ostream&
         ) const;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/jplot/jplotSetWriterRunTime.C b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/jplot/jplotSetWriterRunTime.C
index a6a4f48884..8a864712ed 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/jplot/jplotSetWriterRunTime.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/jplot/jplotSetWriterRunTime.C
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ License
 
 namespace Foam
 {
-    makeSetWriters(jplotSetWriter)
+    makeSetWriters(jplotSetWriter);
 }
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/raw/rawSetWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/raw/rawSetWriter.H
index af502104a7..346813d941 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/raw/rawSetWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/raw/rawSetWriter.H
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public:
             const coordSet&,
             const wordList&,
             const List<const Field<Type>*>&,
-            Ostream& os
+            Ostream&
         ) const;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/raw/rawSetWriterRunTime.C b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/raw/rawSetWriterRunTime.C
index 1af20c1dbf..e3acd319a3 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/raw/rawSetWriterRunTime.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/raw/rawSetWriterRunTime.C
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ License
 
 namespace Foam
 {
-    makeSetWriters(rawSetWriter)
+    makeSetWriters(rawSetWriter);
 }
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/writer.H b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/writer.H
index 263d81df5e..e450d07c32 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/writer.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/writer.H
@@ -91,22 +91,12 @@ protected:
     //- Generates filename from coordSet and sampled fields
     fileName getBaseName(const coordSet&, const wordList&) const;
 
-    void writeCoord
-    (
-        const coordSet& samples,
-        const label sampleI,
-        Ostream& os
-    ) const;
+    void writeCoord(const coordSet&, const label sampleI, Ostream&) const;
 
     //- Writes single-column ascii write. Column 1 is coordSet coordinate,
     //  columns 2 is the value. Uses write() function
     //  to write coordinate in correct format.
-    void writeTable
-    (
-        const coordSet&,
-        const List<Type>&,
-        Ostream& os
-    ) const;
+    void writeTable(const coordSet&, const List<Type>&, Ostream&) const;
 
     //- Writes multi-column ascii write. Column 1 is coordSet coordinate,
     //  columns 2..n are the values. Uses write() function
@@ -139,10 +129,7 @@ public:
     // Selectors
 
         //- Return a reference to the selected writer
-        static autoPtr<writer> New
-        (
-            const word& writeFormat
-        );
+        static autoPtr<writer> New(const word& writeFormat);
 
 
     // Constructors
@@ -165,8 +152,8 @@ public:
         ) const = 0;
 
         //- General entry point for writing.
-        //  The data is organized in a set of point with one or
-        //  more values per point
+        //  The data is organized in a set of point with one or more values
+        //  per point
         virtual void write
         (
             const coordSet&,
@@ -179,7 +166,7 @@ public:
         virtual Ostream& write(const scalar, Ostream&) const;
 
         template<class VSType>
-        Ostream& writeVS(const VSType& value, Ostream& os) const;
+        Ostream& writeVS(const VSType&, Ostream&) const;
 
         //- Write vector. Tab separated ascii
         virtual Ostream& write(const vector&, Ostream&) const;
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/writers.H b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/writers.H
index ceb47e954e..bf7d033426 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/writers.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/writers.H
@@ -40,27 +40,27 @@ SourceFiles
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 // Only used internally
-#define makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, dataType)                     \
-                                                                             \
-    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(typeWriter<dataType >, 0);
+#define makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, dataType)                      \
+                                                                              \
+    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(typeWriter< dataType >, 0)
 
 // Sometimes used externally
-#define makeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter)                                   \
-                                                                             \
-    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, scalar);                          \
-    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, vector);                          \
-    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, sphericalTensor);                 \
-    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, symmTensor);                      \
-    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, tensor);
+#define makeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter)                                    \
+                                                                              \
+    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, scalar);                           \
+    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, vector);                           \
+    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, sphericalTensor);                  \
+    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, symmTensor);                       \
+    makeTypeSetWritersTypeName(typeWriter, tensor)
 
 // Define type info for single dataType template instantiation (eg, vector)
-#define makeSetWriterType(typeWriter, dataType)                              \
-                                                                             \
-    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(typeWriter<dataType >, 0);           \
-    addTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable                                      \
-    (                                                                        \
-        writer, typeWriter, dataType, word                                   \
-    );
+#define makeSetWriterType(typeWriter, dataType)                               \
+                                                                              \
+    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(typeWriter< dataType >, 0);           \
+    addTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable                                       \
+    (                                                                         \
+        writer, typeWriter, dataType, word                                    \
+    )
 
 
 // Define type info for scalar, vector etc. instantiations
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ SourceFiles
     makeSetWriterType(typeWriter, vector);                                    \
     makeSetWriterType(typeWriter, sphericalTensor);                           \
     makeSetWriterType(typeWriter, symmTensor);                                \
-    makeSetWriterType(typeWriter, tensor);
+    makeSetWriterType(typeWriter, tensor)
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/xmgrace/xmgraceSetWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/xmgrace/xmgraceSetWriter.H
index 1da5794a8e..b5abab73b5 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/xmgrace/xmgraceSetWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/xmgrace/xmgraceSetWriter.H
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public:
             const coordSet&,
             const wordList&,
             const List<const Field<Type>*>&,
-            Ostream& os
+            Ostream&
         ) const;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/xmgrace/xmgraceSetWriterRunTime.C b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/xmgrace/xmgraceSetWriterRunTime.C
index 434c4655fe..e793b6f6f4 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/xmgrace/xmgraceSetWriterRunTime.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSet/writers/xmgrace/xmgraceSetWriterRunTime.C
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ License
 
 namespace Foam
 {
-    makeSetWriters(xmgraceSetWriter)
+    makeSetWriters(xmgraceSetWriter);
 }
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/isoSurface.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/isoSurface.H
index dbe8ae8501..3ab45629d1 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/isoSurface.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/isoSurface.H
@@ -439,8 +439,8 @@ public:
             return triPointMergeMap_;
         }
 
-        //- Interpolates cCoords,pCoords. Takes the original fields
-        //  used to create the iso surface.
+        //- Interpolates cCoords,pCoords. Uses the references to the original
+        //  fields used to create the iso surface.
         template <class Type>
         tmp<Field<Type> > interpolate
         (
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/sampledIsoSurface.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/sampledIsoSurface.C
index 5fd09bda66..c2f32da1b6 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/sampledIsoSurface.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/sampledIsoSurface.C
@@ -153,6 +153,16 @@ void Foam::sampledIsoSurface::getIsoFields() const
             }
         }
 
+
+        // If averaging redo the volField. Can only be done now since needs the
+        // point field.
+        if (average_)
+        {
+            storedVolFieldPtr_.reset(average(fvm, *pointFieldPtr_).ptr());
+            volFieldPtr_ = storedVolFieldPtr_.operator->();
+        }
+
+
         if (debug)
         {
             Info<< "sampledIsoSurface::getIsoField() : volField "
@@ -241,6 +251,20 @@ void Foam::sampledIsoSurface::getIsoFields() const
             pointSubFieldPtr_ = storedPointSubFieldPtr_.operator->();
         }
 
+
+
+        // If averaging redo the volField. Can only be done now since needs the
+        // point field.
+        if (average_)
+        {
+            storedVolSubFieldPtr_.reset
+            (
+                average(subFvm, *pointSubFieldPtr_).ptr()
+            );
+            volSubFieldPtr_ = storedVolSubFieldPtr_.operator->();
+        }
+
+
         if (debug)
         {
             Info<< "sampledIsoSurface::getIsoField() : volSubField "
@@ -307,6 +331,48 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::sampledIsoSurface::average
 }
 
 
+Foam::tmp<Foam::pointScalarField> Foam::sampledIsoSurface::average
+(
+    const pointMesh& pMesh,
+    const volScalarField& fld
+) const
+{
+    tmp<pointScalarField> tpointAvg
+    (
+        new pointScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "pointAvg",
+                fld.time().timeName(),
+                fld.db(),
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+                false
+            ),
+            pMesh,
+            dimensionedScalar("zero", dimless, scalar(0.0))
+        )
+    );
+    pointScalarField& pointAvg = tpointAvg();
+
+    for (label pointI = 0; pointI < fld.mesh().nPoints(); pointI++)
+    {
+        const labelList& pCells = fld.mesh().pointCells(pointI);
+
+        forAll(pCells, i)
+        {
+            pointAvg[pointI] += fld[pCells[i]];
+        }
+        pointAvg[pointI] /= pCells.size();
+    }
+    // Give value to calculatedFvPatchFields
+    pointAvg.correctBoundaryConditions();
+
+    return tpointAvg;
+}
+
+
 bool Foam::sampledIsoSurface::updateGeometry() const
 {
     const fvMesh& fvm = static_cast<const fvMesh&>(mesh());
@@ -352,67 +418,33 @@ bool Foam::sampledIsoSurface::updateGeometry() const
     surfPtr_.clear();
     facesPtr_.clear();
 
-    if (average_)
+    if (subMeshPtr_.valid())
     {
-        if (subMeshPtr_.valid())
-        {
-            surfPtr_.reset
+        surfPtr_.reset
+        (
+            new isoSurface
             (
-                new isoSurface
-                (
-                    average(subMeshPtr_().subMesh(), *pointSubFieldPtr_),
-                    *pointSubFieldPtr_,
-                    isoVal_,
-                    regularise_,
-                    mergeTol_
-                )
-            );
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            surfPtr_.reset
-            (
-                new isoSurface
-                (
-                    average(fvm, *pointFieldPtr_),
-                    *pointFieldPtr_,
-                    isoVal_,
-                    regularise_,
-                    mergeTol_
-                )
-            );
-        }
+                *volSubFieldPtr_,
+                *pointSubFieldPtr_,
+                isoVal_,
+                regularise_,
+                mergeTol_
+            )
+        );
     }
     else
     {
-        if (subMeshPtr_.valid())
-        {
-            surfPtr_.reset
+        surfPtr_.reset
+        (
+            new isoSurface
             (
-                new isoSurface
-                (
-                    *volSubFieldPtr_,
-                    *pointSubFieldPtr_,
-                    isoVal_,
-                    regularise_,
-                    mergeTol_
-                )
-            );
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            surfPtr_.reset
-            (
-                new isoSurface
-                (
-                    *volFieldPtr_,
-                    *pointFieldPtr_,
-                    isoVal_,
-                    regularise_,
-                    mergeTol_
-                )
-            );
-        }
+                *volFieldPtr_,
+                *pointFieldPtr_,
+                isoVal_,
+                regularise_,
+                mergeTol_
+            )
+        );
     }
 
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/sampledIsoSurface.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/sampledIsoSurface.H
index 99324cdf5f..ccaa4d8750 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/sampledIsoSurface.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/isoSurface/sampledIsoSurface.H
@@ -124,6 +124,12 @@ class sampledIsoSurface
             const pointScalarField&
         ) const;
 
+        tmp<pointScalarField> average
+        (
+            const pointMesh&,
+            const volScalarField& fld
+        ) const;
+
         //- Create iso surface (if time has changed)
         //  Do nothing (and return false) if no update was needed
         bool updateGeometry() const;
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledPatch/sampledPatch.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledPatch/sampledPatch.H
index fbc0b56ebe..2890a7bd34 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledPatch/sampledPatch.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledPatch/sampledPatch.H
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ namespace Foam
 
 class sampledPatch
 :
-    public BasicMeshedSurface<face>,
+    public MeshedSurface<face>,
     public sampledSurface
 {
     //- Private typedefs for convenience
-        typedef BasicMeshedSurface<face> MeshStorage;
+        typedef MeshedSurface<face> MeshStorage;
 
     // Private data
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfaces.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfaces.C
index 9eb0e73f11..d6b9613f6f 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfaces.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfaces.C
@@ -70,18 +70,27 @@ Foam::scalar Foam::sampledSurfaces::mergeTol_(1e-10);
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-bool Foam::sampledSurfaces::checkFieldTypes()
+Foam::label Foam::sampledSurfaces::classifyFieldTypes()
 {
-    wordList fieldTypes(fieldNames_.size());
+    label nFields = 0;
 
-    // check files for a particular time
-    if (loadFromFiles_)
+    scalarFields_.clear();
+    vectorFields_.clear();
+    sphericalTensorFields_.clear();
+    symmTensorFields_.clear();
+    tensorFields_.clear();
+
+    forAll(fieldNames_, fieldI)
     {
-        forAll(fieldNames_, fieldI)
+        const word& fieldName = fieldNames_[fieldI];
+        word fieldType = "";
+
+        // check files for a particular time
+        if (loadFromFiles_)
         {
             IOobject io
             (
-                fieldNames_[fieldI],
+                fieldName,
                 mesh_.time().timeName(),
                 mesh_,
                 IOobject::MUST_READ,
@@ -91,69 +100,96 @@ bool Foam::sampledSurfaces::checkFieldTypes()
 
             if (io.headerOk())
             {
-                fieldTypes[fieldI] = io.headerClassName();
+                fieldType = io.headerClassName();
             }
             else
             {
-                fieldTypes[fieldI] = "(notFound)";
+                continue;
             }
         }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // check objectRegistry
-        forAll(fieldNames_, fieldI)
+        else
         {
-            objectRegistry::const_iterator iter =
-                mesh_.find(fieldNames_[fieldI]);
+            // check objectRegistry
+            objectRegistry::const_iterator iter = mesh_.find(fieldName);
 
             if (iter != mesh_.objectRegistry::end())
             {
-                fieldTypes[fieldI] = iter()->type();
+                fieldType = iter()->type();
             }
             else
             {
-                fieldTypes[fieldI] = "(notFound)";
+                continue;
             }
         }
+
+
+        if (fieldType == volScalarField::typeName)
+        {
+            scalarFields_.append(fieldName);
+            nFields++;
+        }
+        else if (fieldType == volVectorField::typeName)
+        {
+            vectorFields_.append(fieldName);
+            nFields++;
+        }
+        else if (fieldType == volSphericalTensorField::typeName)
+        {
+            sphericalTensorFields_.append(fieldName);
+            nFields++;
+        }
+        else if (fieldType == volSymmTensorField::typeName)
+        {
+            symmTensorFields_.append(fieldName);
+            nFields++;
+        }
+        else if (fieldType == volTensorField::typeName)
+        {
+            tensorFields_.append(fieldName);
+            nFields++;
+        }
+
     }
 
+    return nFields;
+}
 
-    label nFields = 0;
 
-    // classify fieldTypes
-    nFields += grep(scalarFields_, fieldTypes);
-    nFields += grep(vectorFields_, fieldTypes);
-    nFields += grep(sphericalTensorFields_, fieldTypes);
-    nFields += grep(symmTensorFields_, fieldTypes);
-    nFields += grep(tensorFields_, fieldTypes);
+void Foam::sampledSurfaces::writeGeometry() const
+{
+    // Write to time directory under outputPath_
+    // skip surface without faces (eg, a failed cut-plane)
 
-    if (Pstream::master())
+    const fileName outputDir = outputPath_/mesh_.time().timeName();
+
+    forAll(*this, surfI)
     {
-        if (debug)
-        {
-            Pout<< "timeName = " << mesh_.time().timeName() << nl
-                << "scalarFields    " << scalarFields_ << nl
-                << "vectorFields    " << vectorFields_ << nl
-                << "sphTensorFields " << sphericalTensorFields_ << nl
-                << "symTensorFields " << symmTensorFields_ <<nl
-                << "tensorFields    " << tensorFields_ <<nl;
-        }
+        const sampledSurface& s = operator[](surfI);
 
-        if (nFields > 0)
+        if (Pstream::parRun())
         {
-            if (debug)
+            if (Pstream::master() && mergeList_[surfI].faces.size())
             {
-                Pout<< "Creating directory "
-                    << outputPath_/mesh_.time().timeName()
-                    << nl << endl;
+                genericFormatter_->write
+                (
+                    outputDir,
+                    s.name(),
+                    mergeList_[surfI].points,
+                    mergeList_[surfI].faces
+                );
             }
-
-            mkDir(outputPath_/mesh_.time().timeName());
+        }
+        else if (s.faces().size())
+        {
+            genericFormatter_->write
+            (
+                outputDir,
+                s.name(),
+                s.points(),
+                s.faces()
+            );
         }
     }
-
-    return nFields > 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -176,6 +212,7 @@ Foam::sampledSurfaces::sampledSurfaces
     interpolationScheme_(word::null),
     writeFormat_(word::null),
     mergeList_(),
+    genericFormatter_(NULL),
     scalarFields_(),
     vectorFields_(),
     sphericalTensorFields_(),
@@ -223,11 +260,39 @@ void Foam::sampledSurfaces::end()
 
 void Foam::sampledSurfaces::write()
 {
-    if (size() && checkFieldTypes())
+    if (size())
     {
         // finalize surfaces, merge points etc.
         update();
 
+        const label nFields = classifyFieldTypes();
+
+        if (Pstream::master())
+        {
+            if (debug)
+            {
+                Pout<< "timeName = " << mesh_.time().timeName() << nl
+                    << "scalarFields    " << scalarFields_ << nl
+                    << "vectorFields    " << vectorFields_ << nl
+                    << "sphTensorFields " << sphericalTensorFields_ << nl
+                    << "symTensorFields " << symmTensorFields_ <<nl
+                    << "tensorFields    " << tensorFields_ <<nl;
+
+                Pout<< "Creating directory "
+                    << outputPath_/mesh_.time().timeName() << nl << endl;
+
+            }
+
+            mkDir(outputPath_/mesh_.time().timeName());
+        }
+
+        // write geometry first if required, or when no fields would otherwise
+        // be written
+        if (nFields == 0 || genericFormatter_->separateFiles())
+        {
+            writeGeometry();
+        }
+
         sampleAndWrite(scalarFields_);
         sampleAndWrite(vectorFields_);
         sampleAndWrite(sphericalTensorFields_);
@@ -241,6 +306,14 @@ void Foam::sampledSurfaces::read(const dictionary& dict)
 {
     fieldNames_ = wordList(dict.lookup("fields"));
 
+    const label nFields = fieldNames_.size();
+
+    scalarFields_.reset(nFields);
+    vectorFields_.reset(nFields);
+    sphericalTensorFields_.reset(nFields);
+    symmTensorFields_.reset(nFields);
+    tensorFields_.reset(nFields);
+
     interpolationScheme_ = dict.lookupOrDefault<word>
     (
         "interpolationScheme",
@@ -252,6 +325,11 @@ void Foam::sampledSurfaces::read(const dictionary& dict)
         "null"
     );
 
+
+    // define the generic (geometry) writer
+    genericFormatter_ = surfaceWriter<bool>::New(writeFormat_);
+
+
     PtrList<sampledSurface> newList
     (
         dict.lookup("surfaces"),
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfaces.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfaces.H
index 7bf12aaba8..4ad59c486f 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfaces.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfaces.H
@@ -64,24 +64,24 @@ class sampledSurfaces
         template<class Type>
         class fieldGroup
         :
-            public wordList
+            public DynamicList<word>
         {
         public:
 
             //- Surface formatter
-            autoPtr<surfaceWriter<Type> > formatter;
+            autoPtr< surfaceWriter<Type> > formatter;
 
             //- Construct null
             fieldGroup()
             :
-                wordList(0),
+                DynamicList<word>(0),
                 formatter(NULL)
             {}
 
             //- Construct for a particular surface format
             fieldGroup(const word& writeFormat)
             :
-                wordList(0),
+                DynamicList<word>(0),
                 formatter(surfaceWriter<Type>::New(writeFormat))
             {}
 
@@ -93,10 +93,17 @@ class sampledSurfaces
                 const wordList& fieldNames
             )
             :
-                wordList(fieldNames),
+                DynamicList<word>(fieldNames),
                 formatter(surfaceWriter<Type>::New(writeFormat))
             {}
 
+            void reset(const label nElem)
+            {
+                formatter.clear();
+                DynamicList<word>::setCapacity(nElem);
+                DynamicList<word>::clear(); 
+            }
+
             void operator=(const word& writeFormat)
             {
                 formatter = surfaceWriter<Type>::New(writeFormat);
@@ -104,7 +111,7 @@ class sampledSurfaces
 
             void operator=(const wordList& fieldNames)
             {
-                wordList::operator=(fieldNames);
+                DynamicList<word>::operator=(fieldNames);
             }
         };
 
@@ -171,6 +178,9 @@ class sampledSurfaces
 
         // Calculated
 
+            //- Generic surface formatter
+            autoPtr< surfaceWriter<bool> > genericFormatter_;
+
             //- Categorized scalar/vector/tensor fields
             fieldGroup<scalar> scalarFields_;
             fieldGroup<vector> vectorFields_;
@@ -181,16 +191,11 @@ class sampledSurfaces
 
     // Private Member Functions
 
-        //- Classify field types, return true if nFields > 0
-        bool checkFieldTypes();
+        //- Classify field types, returns the number of fields
+        label classifyFieldTypes();
 
-        //- Find the fields in the list of the given type, return count
-        template<class Type>
-        label grep
-        (
-            fieldGroup<Type>& fieldList,
-            const wordList& fieldTypes
-        ) const;
+        //- Write geometry only
+        void writeGeometry() const;
 
         //- Sample and write a particular volume field
         template<class Type>
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfacesTemplates.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfacesTemplates.C
index e93bb0bde7..6da55cfe87 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfacesTemplates.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/sampledSurfaces/sampledSurfacesTemplates.C
@@ -30,35 +30,6 @@ License
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-template<class Type>
-Foam::label Foam::sampledSurfaces::grep
-(
-    fieldGroup<Type>& fieldList,
-    const wordList& fieldTypes
-) const
-{
-    fieldList.setSize(fieldNames_.size());
-    label nFields = 0;
-
-    forAll(fieldNames_, fieldI)
-    {
-        if
-        (
-            fieldTypes[fieldI]
-         == GeometricField<Type, fvPatchField, volMesh>::typeName
-        )
-        {
-            fieldList[nFields] = fieldNames_[fieldI];
-            nFields++;
-        }
-    }
-
-    fieldList.setSize(nFields);
-
-    return nFields;
-}
-
-
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::sampledSurfaces::sampleAndWrite
 (
@@ -67,10 +38,10 @@ void Foam::sampledSurfaces::sampleAndWrite
 )
 {
     // interpolator for this field
-    autoPtr<interpolation<Type> > interpolator;
+    autoPtr< interpolation<Type> > interpolator;
 
     const word& fieldName   = vField.name();
-    const fileName& timeDir = vField.time().timeName();
+    const fileName outputDir = outputPath_/vField.time().timeName();
 
     forAll(*this, surfI)
     {
@@ -128,8 +99,7 @@ void Foam::sampledSurfaces::sampleAndWrite
                 {
                     formatter.write
                     (
-                        outputPath_,
-                        timeDir,
+                        outputDir,
                         s.name(),
                         mergeList_[surfI].points,
                         mergeList_[surfI].faces,
@@ -147,8 +117,7 @@ void Foam::sampledSurfaces::sampleAndWrite
             {
                 formatter.write
                 (
-                    outputPath_,
-                    timeDir,
+                    outputDir,
                     s.name(),
                     s.points(),
                     s.faces(),
@@ -217,7 +186,7 @@ void Foam::sampledSurfaces::sampleAndWrite
                    sampleAndWrite
                    (
                        mesh_.lookupObject
-                           <GeometricField<Type, fvPatchField, volMesh> >
+                       <GeometricField<Type, fvPatchField, volMesh> >
                        (
                            fields[fieldI]
                        ),
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFaces.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFaces.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1dd43b4be3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFaces.C
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "sampledThresholdCellFaces.H"
+
+#include "dictionary.H"
+#include "volFields.H"
+#include "volPointInterpolation.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "fvMesh.H"
+#include "thresholdCellFaces.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(sampledThresholdCellFaces, 0);
+    addNamedToRunTimeSelectionTable
+    (
+        sampledSurface,
+        sampledThresholdCellFaces,
+        word,
+        thresholdCellFaces
+    );
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+bool Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::updateGeometry() const
+{
+    const fvMesh& fvm = static_cast<const fvMesh&>(mesh());
+
+    // no update needed
+    if (fvm.time().timeIndex() == prevTimeIndex_)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    prevTimeIndex_ = fvm.time().timeIndex();
+
+    // Optionally read volScalarField
+    autoPtr<volScalarField> readFieldPtr_;
+
+    // 1. see if field in database
+    // 2. see if field can be read
+    const volScalarField* cellFldPtr = NULL;
+    if (fvm.foundObject<volScalarField>(fieldName_))
+    {
+        if (debug)
+        {
+            Info<< "sampledThresholdCellFaces::updateGeometry() : lookup "
+                << fieldName_ << endl;
+        }
+
+        cellFldPtr = &fvm.lookupObject<volScalarField>(fieldName_);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // Bit of a hack. Read field and store.
+
+        if (debug)
+        {
+            Info<< "sampledThresholdCellFaces::updateGeometry() : reading "
+                << fieldName_ << " from time " << fvm.time().timeName()
+                << endl;
+        }
+
+        readFieldPtr_.reset
+        (
+            new volScalarField
+            (
+                IOobject
+                (
+                    fieldName_,
+                    fvm.time().timeName(),
+                    fvm,
+                    IOobject::MUST_READ,
+                    IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+                    false
+                ),
+                fvm
+            )
+        );
+
+        cellFldPtr = readFieldPtr_.operator->();
+    }
+    const volScalarField& cellFld = *cellFldPtr;
+
+
+    thresholdCellFaces surf
+    (
+        fvm,
+        cellFld.internalField(),
+        lowerThreshold_,
+        upperThreshold_,
+        triangulate_
+    );
+
+    const_cast<sampledThresholdCellFaces&>
+    (
+        *this
+    ).MeshedSurface<face>::transfer(surf);
+    meshCells_.transfer(surf.meshCells());
+
+
+    if (debug)
+    {
+        Pout<< "sampledThresholdCellFaces::updateGeometry() : constructed"
+            << nl
+            << "    field         : " << fieldName_ << nl
+            << "    lowerLimit    : " << lowerThreshold_ << nl
+            << "    upperLimit    : " << upperThreshold_ << nl
+            << "    point         : " << points().size() << nl
+            << "    faces         : " << faces().size() << nl
+            << "    cut cells     : " << meshCells_.size() << endl;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::sampledThresholdCellFaces
+(
+    const word& name,
+    const polyMesh& mesh,
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+:
+    sampledSurface(name, mesh, dict),
+    fieldName_(dict.lookup("field")),
+    lowerThreshold_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("lowerLimit", -VGREAT)),
+    upperThreshold_(dict.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("upperLimit", VGREAT)),
+    zoneName_(word::null),
+    triangulate_(dict.lookupOrDefault("triangulate", false)),
+    prevTimeIndex_(-1),
+    meshCells_(0)
+{
+    if (!dict.found("lowerLimit") && !dict.found("upperLimit"))
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "sampledThresholdCellFaces::sampledThresholdCellFaces(..)"
+            )
+            << "require at least one of 'lowerLimit' or 'upperLimit'" << endl
+            << abort(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
+//    dict.readIfPresent("zone", zoneName_);
+//
+//    if (debug && zoneName_.size())
+//    {
+//        if (mesh.cellZones().findZoneID(zoneName_) < 0)
+//        {
+//            Info<< "cellZone \"" << zoneName_
+//                << "\" not found - using entire mesh" << endl;
+//        }
+//    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::~sampledThresholdCellFaces()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+bool Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::needsUpdate() const
+{
+    const fvMesh& fvm = static_cast<const fvMesh&>(mesh());
+
+    return fvm.time().timeIndex() != prevTimeIndex_;
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::expire()
+{
+    // already marked as expired
+    if (prevTimeIndex_ == -1)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // force update
+    prevTimeIndex_ = -1;
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::update()
+{
+    return updateGeometry();
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::scalarField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::sample
+(
+    const volScalarField& vField
+) const
+{
+    return sampleField(vField);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::vectorField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::sample
+(
+    const volVectorField& vField
+) const
+{
+    return sampleField(vField);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::sphericalTensorField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::sample
+(
+    const volSphericalTensorField& vField
+) const
+{
+    return sampleField(vField);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::symmTensorField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::sample
+(
+    const volSymmTensorField& vField
+) const
+{
+    return sampleField(vField);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::tensorField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::sample
+(
+    const volTensorField& vField
+) const
+{
+    return sampleField(vField);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::scalarField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::interpolate
+(
+    const interpolation<scalar>& interpolator
+) const
+{
+    return interpolateField(interpolator);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::vectorField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::interpolate
+(
+    const interpolation<vector>& interpolator
+) const
+{
+    return interpolateField(interpolator);
+}
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::sphericalTensorField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::interpolate
+(
+    const interpolation<sphericalTensor>& interpolator
+) const
+{
+    return interpolateField(interpolator);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::symmTensorField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::interpolate
+(
+    const interpolation<symmTensor>& interpolator
+) const
+{
+    return interpolateField(interpolator);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::tensorField>
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::interpolate
+(
+    const interpolation<tensor>& interpolator
+) const
+{
+    return interpolateField(interpolator);
+}
+
+
+void Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::print(Ostream& os) const
+{
+    os  << "sampledThresholdCellFaces: " << name() << " :"
+        << "  field:" << fieldName_
+        << "  lowerLimit:" << lowerThreshold_
+        << "  upperLimit:" << upperThreshold_;
+        //<< "  faces:" << faces().size()   // possibly no geom yet
+        //<< "  points:" << points().size();
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFaces.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFaces.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..89b2c21c47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFaces.H
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces
+
+Description
+    A sampledSurface defined by the cell faces corresponding to a threshold
+    value.
+
+SourceFiles
+    sampledThresholdCellFaces.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef sampledThresholdCellFaces_H
+#define sampledThresholdCellFaces_H
+
+#include "sampledSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurface.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                    Class sampledThresholdCellFaces Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class sampledThresholdCellFaces
+:
+    public sampledSurface,
+    public MeshedSurface<face>
+{
+    //- Private typedefs for convenience
+        typedef MeshedSurface<face> MeshStorage;
+
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Field to get isoSurface of
+        const word fieldName_;
+
+        //- Threshold value
+        const scalar lowerThreshold_;
+
+        //- Threshold value
+        const scalar upperThreshold_;
+
+        //- zone name (if restricted to zones)
+        word zoneName_;
+
+        //- Triangulated faces or keep faces as is
+        bool triangulate_;
+
+        // Recreated for every time-step
+
+        //- Time at last call, also track it surface needs an update
+        mutable label prevTimeIndex_;
+
+        //- For every face the original cell in mesh
+        mutable labelList meshCells_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Create surface (if time has changed)
+        //  Do nothing (and return false) if no update was needed
+        bool updateGeometry() const;
+
+        //- sample field on faces
+        template <class Type>
+        tmp<Field<Type> > sampleField
+        (
+            const GeometricField<Type, fvPatchField, volMesh>& vField
+        ) const;
+
+
+        template <class Type>
+        tmp<Field<Type> >
+        interpolateField(const interpolation<Type>&) const;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("sampledThresholdCellFaces");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from dictionary
+        sampledThresholdCellFaces
+        (
+            const word& name,
+            const polyMesh&,
+            const dictionary&
+        );
+
+
+    // Destructor
+
+        virtual ~sampledThresholdCellFaces();
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Does the surface need an update?
+        virtual bool needsUpdate() const;
+
+        //- Mark the surface as needing an update.
+        //  May also free up unneeded data.
+        //  Return false if surface was already marked as expired.
+        virtual bool expire();
+
+        //- Update the surface as required.
+        //  Do nothing (and return false) if no update was needed
+        virtual bool update();
+
+
+        //- Points of surface
+        virtual const pointField& points() const
+        {
+            return MeshStorage::points();
+        }
+
+        //- Faces of surface
+        virtual const faceList& faces() const
+        {
+            return MeshStorage::faces();
+        }
+
+        //- sample field on surface
+        virtual tmp<scalarField> sample
+        (
+            const volScalarField&
+        ) const;
+
+        //- sample field on surface
+        virtual tmp<vectorField> sample
+        (
+            const volVectorField&
+        ) const;
+
+        //- sample field on surface
+        virtual tmp<sphericalTensorField> sample
+        (
+            const volSphericalTensorField&
+        ) const;
+
+        //- sample field on surface
+        virtual tmp<symmTensorField> sample
+        (
+            const volSymmTensorField&
+        ) const;
+
+        //- sample field on surface
+        virtual tmp<tensorField> sample
+        (
+            const volTensorField&
+        ) const;
+
+
+        //- interpolate field on surface
+        virtual tmp<scalarField> interpolate
+        (
+            const interpolation<scalar>&
+        ) const;
+
+        //- interpolate field on surface
+        virtual tmp<vectorField> interpolate
+        (
+            const interpolation<vector>&
+        ) const;
+
+        //- interpolate field on surface
+        virtual tmp<sphericalTensorField> interpolate
+        (
+            const interpolation<sphericalTensor>&
+        ) const;
+
+        //- interpolate field on surface
+        virtual tmp<symmTensorField> interpolate
+        (
+            const interpolation<symmTensor>&
+        ) const;
+
+        //- interpolate field on surface
+        virtual tmp<tensorField> interpolate
+        (
+            const interpolation<tensor>&
+        ) const;
+
+        //- Write
+        virtual void print(Ostream&) const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#ifdef NoRepository
+#   include "sampledThresholdCellFacesTemplates.C"
+#endif
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatCore.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFacesTemplates.C
similarity index 51%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatCore.C
rename to src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFacesTemplates.C
index e65476da67..a1021340c9 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatCore.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/sampledThresholdCellFacesTemplates.C
@@ -24,55 +24,67 @@ License
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "OFFsurfaceFormatCore.H"
-#include "clock.H"
+#include "sampledThresholdCellFaces.H"
+
+#include "thresholdCellFaces.H"
+#include "volFieldsFwd.H"
+#include "pointFields.H"
+#include "volPointInterpolation.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-void Foam::fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeader
+template <class Type>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::Field<Type> >
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::sampleField
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const label nFaces,
-    const UList<surfZone>& zoneLst
-)
+    const GeometricField<Type, fvPatchField, volMesh>& vField
+) const
 {
-    // Write header
-    os  << "OFF" << endl
-        << "# Geomview OFF file written " << clock::dateTime().c_str() << nl
-        << nl
-        << "# points : " << pointLst.size() << nl
-        << "# faces  : " << nFaces << nl
-        << "# zones  : " << zoneLst.size() << nl;
+    // Recreate geometry if time has changed
+    updateGeometry();
 
-    // Print zone names as comment
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
-    {
-        os  << "#   " << zoneI << "  " << zoneLst[zoneI].name()
-            << "  (nFaces: " << zoneLst[zoneI].size() << ")" << nl;
-    }
-
-    os  << nl
-        << "# nPoints  nFaces  nEdges" << nl
-        << pointLst.size() << ' ' << nFaces << ' ' << 0 << nl;
-
-    os  << nl
-        << "# <points count=\"" << pointLst.size() << "\">" << endl;
-
-    // Write vertex coords
-    forAll(pointLst, ptI)
-    {
-        os  << pointLst[ptI].x() << ' '
-            << pointLst[ptI].y() << ' '
-            << pointLst[ptI].z() << " #" << ptI << endl;
-    }
-
-    os  << "# </points>" << nl
-        << nl
-        << "# <faces count=\"" << nFaces << "\">" << endl;
+    return tmp<Field<Type> >(new Field<Type>(vField, meshCells_));
 }
 
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template <class Type>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::Field<Type> >
+Foam::sampledThresholdCellFaces::interpolateField
+(
+    const interpolation<Type>& interpolator
+) const
+{
+    // Recreate geometry if time has changed
+    updateGeometry();
+
+    // One value per point
+    tmp<Field<Type> > tvalues(new Field<Type>(points().size()));
+    Field<Type>& values = tvalues();
+
+    boolList pointDone(points().size(), false);
+
+    forAll(faces(), cutFaceI)
+    {
+        const face& f = faces()[cutFaceI];
+
+        forAll(f, faceVertI)
+        {
+            label pointI = f[faceVertI];
+
+            if (!pointDone[pointI])
+            {
+                values[pointI] = interpolator.interpolate
+                (
+                    points()[pointI],
+                    meshCells_[cutFaceI]
+                );
+                pointDone[pointI] = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return tvalues;
+}
 
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/thresholdCellFaces.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/thresholdCellFaces.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6caaea0ff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/thresholdCellFaces.C
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "thresholdCellFaces.H"
+
+#include "polyMesh.H"
+#include "DynamicList.H"
+
+#include "emptyPolyPatch.H"
+#include "processorPolyPatch.H"
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+defineTypeNameAndDebug(Foam::thresholdCellFaces, 0);
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::thresholdCellFaces::calculate
+(
+    const scalarField& field,
+    const scalar lowerThreshold,
+    const scalar upperThreshold,
+    const bool triangulate
+)
+{
+    const labelList& own = mesh_.faceOwner();
+    const labelList& nei = mesh_.faceNeighbour();
+
+    const faceList& origFaces = mesh_.faces();
+    const pointField& origPoints = mesh_.points();
+
+    const polyBoundaryMesh& bMesh = mesh_.boundaryMesh();
+
+
+    surfZoneList surfZones(bMesh.size()+1);
+
+    surfZones[0] = surfZone
+    (
+        "internalMesh",
+        0,  // size
+        0,  // start
+        0   // index
+    );
+
+    forAll(bMesh, patchI)
+    {
+        surfZones[patchI+1] = surfZone
+        (
+            bMesh[patchI].name(),
+            0,        // size
+            0,        // start
+            patchI+1  // index
+        );
+    }
+
+
+    label nFaces = 0;
+    label nPoints = 0;
+
+
+    meshCells_.clear();
+
+    DynamicList<face>  surfFaces(0.5 * mesh_.nFaces());
+    DynamicList<label> surfCells(surfFaces.size());
+
+    labelList oldToNewPoints(origPoints.size(), -1);
+
+
+    // internal faces only
+    for (label faceI = 0; faceI < mesh_.nInternalFaces(); ++faceI)
+    {
+        int side = 0;
+
+        // check lowerThreshold
+        if (field[own[faceI]] > lowerThreshold)
+        {
+            if (field[nei[faceI]] < lowerThreshold)
+            {
+                side = +1;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (field[nei[faceI]] > lowerThreshold)
+        {
+            side = -1;
+        }
+
+        // check upperThreshold
+        if (field[own[faceI]] < upperThreshold)
+        {
+            if (field[nei[faceI]] > upperThreshold)
+            {
+                side = +1;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (field[nei[faceI]] < upperThreshold)
+        {
+            side = -1;
+        }
+
+
+        if (side)
+        {
+            const face& f = origFaces[faceI];
+
+            forAll(f, fp)
+            {
+                if (oldToNewPoints[f[fp]] == -1)
+                {
+                    oldToNewPoints[f[fp]] = nPoints++;
+                }
+            }
+
+
+            label cellId;
+            face  surfFace;
+
+            if (side > 0)
+            {
+                surfFace = f;
+                cellId = own[faceI];
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                surfFace = f.reverseFace();
+                cellId = nei[faceI];
+            }
+
+
+            if (triangulate)
+            {
+                label count = surfFace.triangles(origPoints, surfFaces);
+                while (count-- > 0)
+                {
+                    surfCells.append(cellId);
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                surfFaces.append(surfFace);
+                surfCells.append(cellId);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    surfZones[0].size() = surfFaces.size();
+
+
+    // nothing special for processor patches?
+    forAll(bMesh, patchI)
+    {
+        const polyPatch& p = bMesh[patchI];
+        surfZone& zone = surfZones[patchI+1];
+
+        zone.start() = nFaces;
+
+        if
+        (
+            isType<emptyPolyPatch>(p)
+         || (Pstream::parRun() && isType<processorPolyPatch>(p))
+        )
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        label faceI = p.start();
+
+        // patch faces
+        forAll(p, localFaceI)
+        {
+            if
+            (
+                field[own[faceI]] > lowerThreshold
+             && field[own[faceI]] < upperThreshold
+            )
+            {
+                const face& f = origFaces[faceI];
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    if (oldToNewPoints[f[fp]] == -1)
+                    {
+                        oldToNewPoints[f[fp]] = nPoints++;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                label cellId = own[faceI];
+
+                if (triangulate)
+                {
+                    label count = f.triangles(origPoints, surfFaces);
+                    while (count-- > 0)
+                    {
+                        surfCells.append(cellId);
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    surfFaces.append(f);
+                    surfCells.append(cellId);
+                }
+            }
+
+            ++faceI;
+        }
+
+        zone.size() = surfFaces.size() - zone.start();
+    }
+
+
+    surfFaces.shrink();
+    surfCells.shrink();
+
+    // renumber
+    forAll(surfFaces, faceI)
+    {
+        inplaceRenumber(oldToNewPoints, surfFaces[faceI]);
+    }
+
+
+    pointField surfPoints(nPoints);
+    nPoints = 0;
+    forAll(oldToNewPoints, pointI)
+    {
+        if (oldToNewPoints[pointI] >= 0)
+        {
+            surfPoints[oldToNewPoints[pointI]] = origPoints[pointI];
+            nPoints++;
+        }
+    }
+    surfPoints.setSize(nPoints);
+
+    this->storedPoints().transfer(surfPoints);
+    this->storedFaces().transfer(surfFaces);
+    this->storedZones().transfer(surfZones);
+
+    meshCells_.transfer(surfCells);
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::thresholdCellFaces::thresholdCellFaces
+(
+    const polyMesh& mesh,
+    const scalarField& field,
+    const scalar lowerThreshold,
+    const scalar upperThreshold,
+    const bool triangulate
+)
+:
+    mesh_(mesh)
+{
+
+    if (lowerThreshold > upperThreshold)
+    {
+        WarningIn("thresholdCellFaces::thresholdCellFaces(...)")
+            << "lower > upper limit!  "
+            << lowerThreshold << " > " << upperThreshold << endl;
+    }
+
+    calculate(field, lowerThreshold, upperThreshold, triangulate);
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/thresholdCellFaces.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/thresholdCellFaces.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8428cdd08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/thresholdCellFaces/thresholdCellFaces.H
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::thresholdCellFaces
+
+Description
+    Selects the mesh cell faces specified by a threshold value.
+    Non-triangulated by default.
+
+SourceFiles
+    thresholdCellFaces.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef thresholdCellFaces_H
+#define thresholdCellFaces_H
+
+#include "MeshedSurface.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+class polyMesh;
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                       Class thresholdCellFaces Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class thresholdCellFaces
+:
+    public MeshedSurface<face>
+{
+    //- Private typedefs for convenience
+        typedef MeshedSurface<face> MeshStorage;
+
+        //- Reference to mesh
+        const polyMesh& mesh_;
+
+        //- For every face the original cell in mesh
+        labelList meshCells_;
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        void calculate
+        (
+            const scalarField&, 
+            const scalar lowerThreshold,
+            const scalar upperThreshold,
+            const bool triangulate
+        );
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("thresholdCellFaces");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from mesh, field and threshold value
+        thresholdCellFaces
+        (
+            const polyMesh&,
+            const scalarField&,
+            const scalar lowerThreshold,
+            const scalar upperThreshold,
+            const bool triangulate = false
+        );
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- For every face original cell in mesh
+        labelList& meshCells()
+        {
+            return meshCells_;
+        }
+
+        //- For every face original cell in mesh
+        const labelList& meshCells() const
+        {
+            return meshCells_;
+        }
+
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/dx/dxSurfaceWriter.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/dx/dxSurfaceWriter.C
index 592382ddf0..a5c613b15d 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/dx/dxSurfaceWriter.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/dx/dxSurfaceWriter.C
@@ -25,20 +25,19 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "dxSurfaceWriter.H"
-#include "fileName.H"
+
 #include "OFstream.H"
-#include "faceList.H"
 #include "OSspecific.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
-void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeDXGeometry
+void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeGeometry
 (
+    Ostream& os,
     const pointField& points,
-    const faceList& faces,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
+    const faceList& faces
+)
 {
     // Write vertex coordinates
 
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeDXGeometry
         {
             FatalErrorIn
             (
-                "writeDXGeometry(Ostream&, const pointField&, const faceList&)"
+                "writeGeometry(Ostream&, const pointField&, const faceList&)"
             )   << "Face " << faceI << " vertices " << f
                 << " is not a triangle."
                 << exit(FatalError);
@@ -82,181 +81,137 @@ void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeDXGeometry
 }
 
 
-// Write scalarField in DX format
-template<class Type>
-void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeDXData
-(
-    const pointField& points,
-    const scalarField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
+namespace Foam
 {
-    // Write data
-    os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 0 items "
-        << values.size()
-        << " data follows" << nl;
-
-    forAll(values, elemI)
+    // Write scalarField in DX format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Foam::scalar>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<scalar>& values
+    )
     {
-        os << float(values[elemI]) << nl;
+        // Write data
+        os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 0 items "
+            << values.size() << " data follows" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            os << float(values[elemI]) << nl;
+        }
     }
 
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
+
+    // Write vectorField in DX format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Foam::vector>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<vector>& values
+    )
     {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"positions\""
-            << nl << nl;
+        // Write data
+        os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 1 shape 3 items "
+            << values.size() << " data follows" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            os  << float(values[elemI].x()) << ' '
+                << float(values[elemI].y()) << ' '
+                << float(values[elemI].z()) << nl;
+        }
     }
-    else
+
+
+    // Write sphericalTensorField in DX format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Foam::sphericalTensor>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<sphericalTensor>& values
+    )
     {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"connections\""
-            << nl << nl;
+        // Write data
+        os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 0 items "
+            << values.size() << " data follows" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            os << float(values[elemI][0]) << nl;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Write symmTensorField in DX format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Foam::symmTensor>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<symmTensor>& values
+    )
+    {
+        // Write data
+        os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 2 shape 3 items "
+            << values.size() << " data follows" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            const symmTensor& t = values[elemI];
+
+            os  << float(t.xx()) << ' ' << float(t.xy()) << ' ' << float(t.xz())
+                << float(t.xy()) << ' ' << float(t.yy()) << ' ' << float(t.yz())
+                << float(t.xz()) << ' ' << float(t.yz()) << ' ' << float(t.zz())
+                << nl;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Write tensorField in DX format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Foam::tensor>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<tensor>& values
+    )
+    {
+        // Write data
+        os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 2 shape 3 items "
+            << values.size() << " data follows" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            const tensor& t = values[elemI];
+
+            os  << float(t.xx()) << ' ' << float(t.xy()) << ' ' << float(t.xz())
+                << float(t.yx()) << ' ' << float(t.yy()) << ' ' << float(t.yz())
+                << float(t.zx()) << ' ' << float(t.zy()) << ' ' << float(t.zz())
+                << nl;
+        }
     }
 }
 
-
-// Write vectorField in DX format
-template<class Type>
-void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeDXData
-(
-    const pointField& points,
-    const vectorField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
-{
-    // Write data
-    os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 1 shape 3 items "
-        << values.size()
-        << " data follows" << nl;
-
-    forAll(values, elemI)
-    {
-        os  << float(values[elemI].x()) << ' '
-            << float(values[elemI].y()) << ' '
-            << float(values[elemI].z()) << nl;
-    }
-
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"positions\""
-            << nl << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"connections\""
-            << nl << nl;
-    }
-}
-
-
-// Write sphericalTensorField in DX format
-template<class Type>
-void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeDXData
-(
-    const pointField& points,
-    const sphericalTensorField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
-{
-    // Write data
-    os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 0 items "
-        << values.size()
-        << " data follows" << nl;
-
-    forAll(values, elemI)
-    {
-        os << float(values[elemI][0]) << nl;
-    }
-
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"positions\""
-            << nl << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"connections\""
-            << nl << nl;
-    }
-}
-
-
-// Write symmTensorField in DX format
-template<class Type>
-void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeDXData
-(
-    const pointField& points,
-    const symmTensorField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
-{
-    // Write data
-    os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 2 shape 3 items "
-        << values.size()
-        << " data follows" << nl;
-
-    forAll(values, elemI)
-    {
-        const symmTensor& t = values[elemI];
-
-        os  << float(t.xx()) << ' ' << float(t.xy()) << ' ' << float(t.xz())
-            << float(t.xy()) << ' ' << float(t.yy()) << ' ' << float(t.yz())
-            << float(t.xz()) << ' ' << float(t.yz()) << ' ' << float(t.zz())
-            << nl;
-    }
-
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"positions\""
-            << nl << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"connections\""
-            << nl << nl;
-    }
-}
-
-
 // Write tensorField in DX format
 template<class Type>
-void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeDXData
+void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
 (
-    const pointField& points,
-    const tensorField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
+    Ostream& os,
+    const Field<Type>& values
+)
 {
     // Write data
-    os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 2 shape 3 items "
-        << values.size()
-        << " data follows" << nl;
+    os  << "object 3 class array type float rank 0 items "
+        << values.size() << " data follows" << nl;
 
     forAll(values, elemI)
     {
-        const tensor& t = values[elemI];
-
-        os  << float(t.xx()) << ' ' << float(t.xy()) << ' ' << float(t.xz())
-            << float(t.yx()) << ' ' << float(t.yy()) << ' ' << float(t.yz())
-            << float(t.zx()) << ' ' << float(t.zy()) << ' ' << float(t.zz())
-            << nl;
-    }
-
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"positions\""
-            << nl << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"connections\""
-            << nl << nl;
+        os << float(0.0) << nl;
     }
 }
 
 
 // Write trailer in DX format
 template<class Type>
-void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeDXTrailer(Ostream& os) const
+void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeTrailer(Ostream& os)
 {
     os  << "# the field, with three components: \"positions\","
         << " \"connections\", and \"data\"" << nl
@@ -290,8 +245,7 @@ Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::~dxSurfaceWriter()
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
 (
-    const fileName& samplePath,
-    const fileName& timeDir,
+    const fileName& outputDir,
     const fileName& surfaceName,
     const pointField& points,
     const faceList& faces,
@@ -300,27 +254,37 @@ void Foam::dxSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
     const bool verbose
 ) const
 {
-    fileName surfaceDir(samplePath/timeDir);
-
-    if (!isDir(surfaceDir))
+    if (!isDir(outputDir))
     {
-        mkDir(surfaceDir);
+        mkDir(outputDir);
     }
 
-    fileName fName(surfaceDir/fieldName + '_' + surfaceName + ".dx");
+    OFstream os
+    (
+        outputDir/fieldName + '_' + surfaceName + ".dx"
+    );
 
     if (verbose)
     {
-        Info<< "Writing field " << fieldName << " to " << fName << endl;
+        Info<< "Writing field " << fieldName << " to " << os.name() << endl;
     }
 
-    OFstream os(fName);
+    writeGeometry(os, points, faces);
 
-    writeDXGeometry(points, faces, os);
+    writeData(os, values);
 
-    writeDXData(points, values, os);
+    if (values.size() == points.size())
+    {
+        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"positions\""
+            << nl << nl;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        os  << nl << "attribute \"dep\" string \"connections\""
+            << nl << nl;
+    }
 
-    writeDXTrailer(os);
+    writeTrailer(os);
 
     os << "end" << nl;
 }
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/dx/dxSurfaceWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/dx/dxSurfaceWriter.H
index 81875b8c22..fcce2e6af2 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/dx/dxSurfaceWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/dx/dxSurfaceWriter.H
@@ -54,49 +54,11 @@ class dxSurfaceWriter
 
     // Private Member Functions
 
-        void writeDXGeometry
-        (
-            const pointField& points,
-            const faceList& faces,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        static void writeGeometry(Ostream&, const pointField&, const faceList&);
 
-        void writeDXData
-        (
-            const pointField& points,
-            const scalarField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        static void writeData(Ostream&, const Field<Type>& values);
 
-        void writeDXData
-        (
-            const pointField& points,
-            const vectorField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
-
-        void writeDXData
-        (
-            const pointField& points,
-            const sphericalTensorField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
-
-        void writeDXData
-        (
-            const pointField& points,
-            const symmTensorField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
-
-        void writeDXData
-        (
-            const pointField& points,
-            const tensorField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
-
-        void writeDXTrailer(Ostream& os) const;
+        static void writeTrailer(Ostream&);
 
 public:
 
@@ -122,8 +84,7 @@ public:
         //- Writes single surface to file.
         virtual void write
         (
-            const fileName& samplePath,
-            const fileName& timeDir,
+            const fileName& outputDir,
             const fileName& surfaceName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriter.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriter.C
index 38ad998cc5..0d68df2044 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriter.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriter.C
@@ -25,9 +25,8 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "foamFileSurfaceWriter.H"
-#include "fileName.H"
+
 #include "OFstream.H"
-#include "faceList.H"
 #include "OSspecific.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -51,8 +50,37 @@ Foam::foamFileSurfaceWriter<Type>::~foamFileSurfaceWriter()
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::foamFileSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
 (
-    const fileName& samplePath,
-    const fileName& timeDir,
+    const fileName& outputDir,
+    const fileName& surfaceName,
+    const pointField& points,
+    const faceList& faces,
+    const bool verbose
+) const
+{
+    fileName surfaceDir(outputDir/surfaceName);
+
+    if (!isDir(surfaceDir))
+    {
+        mkDir(surfaceDir);
+    }
+
+    if (verbose)
+    {
+        Info<< "Writing geometry to " << surfaceDir << endl;
+    }
+
+    // Points
+    OFstream(surfaceDir/"points")() << points;
+
+    // Faces
+    OFstream(surfaceDir/"faces")() << faces;
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+void Foam::foamFileSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
+(
+    const fileName& outputDir,
     const fileName& surfaceName,
     const pointField& points,
     const faceList& faces,
@@ -61,7 +89,7 @@ void Foam::foamFileSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
     const bool verbose
 ) const
 {
-    fileName surfaceDir(samplePath/timeDir/surfaceName);
+    fileName surfaceDir(outputDir/surfaceName);
 
     if (!isDir(surfaceDir))
     {
@@ -73,11 +101,7 @@ void Foam::foamFileSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
         Info<< "Writing field " << fieldName << " to " << surfaceDir << endl;
     }
 
-    // Points
-    OFstream(surfaceDir/"points")() << points;
-
-    // Faces
-    OFstream(surfaceDir/"faces")() << faces;
+    // geometry should already have been written
 
     // Values to separate directory (e.g. "scalarField/p")
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriter.H
index 1a5601d5f0..207f36c962 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriter.H
@@ -72,13 +72,26 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        // Write
+        //- Return true if the surface format supports separate files
+        virtual bool separateFiles()
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        //- Write geometry to file.
+        virtual void write
+        (
+            const fileName& outputDir,
+            const fileName& surfaceName,
+            const pointField& points,
+            const faceList& faces,
+            const bool verbose = false
+        ) const;
 
         //- Writes single surface to file.
         virtual void write
         (
-            const fileName& samplePath,
-            const fileName& timeDir,
+            const fileName& outputDir,
             const fileName& surfaceName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriterRunTime.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
index 7175d02303..2a5a0834d9 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/foamFile/foamFileSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+makeSurfaceWriterType(foamFileSurfaceWriter, bool);
 makeSurfaceWriters(foamFileSurfaceWriter);
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriter.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriter.C
index f0f68e2701..1409750c05 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriter.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriter.C
@@ -25,10 +25,6 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "nullSurfaceWriter.H"
-#include "fileName.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
-#include "faceList.H"
-#include "OSspecific.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -53,8 +49,7 @@ Foam::nullSurfaceWriter<Type>::~nullSurfaceWriter()
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::nullSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
 (
-    const fileName& samplePath,
-    const fileName& timeDir,
+    const fileName& outputDir,
     const fileName& surfaceName,
     const pointField& points,
     const faceList& faces,
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriter.H
index edfb607c90..24a3f70d4c 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriter.H
@@ -76,8 +76,7 @@ public:
         //- Writes single surface to file.
         virtual void write
         (
-            const fileName& samplePath,
-            const fileName& timeDir,
+            const fileName& outputDir,
             const fileName& surfaceName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriterRunTime.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
index e765fc5ddb..693f56f4ea 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/null/nullSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+makeSurfaceWriterType(nullSurfaceWriter, bool);
 makeSurfaceWriters(nullSurfaceWriter);
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/stl/stlSurfaceWriter.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/proxy/proxySurfaceWriter.C
similarity index 56%
rename from src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/stl/stlSurfaceWriter.C
rename to src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/proxy/proxySurfaceWriter.C
index c3ef53df85..1dce1e4664 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/stl/stlSurfaceWriter.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/proxy/proxySurfaceWriter.C
@@ -24,91 +24,65 @@ License
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "stlSurfaceWriter.H"
-#include "fileName.H"
+#include "proxySurfaceWriter.H"
+
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
-#include "faceList.H"
 #include "OSspecific.H"
-#include "triSurface.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
-Foam::stlSurfaceWriter<Type>::stlSurfaceWriter()
+Foam::proxySurfaceWriter<Type>::proxySurfaceWriter(const word& ext)
 :
-    surfaceWriter<Type>()
+    surfaceWriter<Type>(),
+    ext_(ext)
 {}
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
-Foam::stlSurfaceWriter<Type>::~stlSurfaceWriter()
+Foam::proxySurfaceWriter<Type>::~proxySurfaceWriter()
 {}
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
-void Foam::stlSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
+void Foam::proxySurfaceWriter<Type>::write
 (
-    const fileName& samplePath,
-    const fileName& timeDir,
+    const fileName& outputDir,
     const fileName& surfaceName,
     const pointField& points,
     const faceList& faces,
-    const fileName& fieldName,
-    const Field<Type>& values,
     const bool verbose
 ) const
 {
-    fileName surfaceDir(samplePath/timeDir);
-
-    if (!isDir(surfaceDir))
+    // avoid bad values
+    if (ext_.empty())
     {
-        mkDir(surfaceDir);
+        return;
     }
 
-    fileName fName(surfaceDir/fieldName + '_' + surfaceName + ".stl");
+    if (!isDir(outputDir))
+    {
+        mkDir(outputDir);
+    }
+
+    fileName fName(outputDir/surfaceName + "." + ext_);
 
     if (verbose)
     {
-        Info<< "Writing field " << fieldName << " to " << fName << endl;
+        Info<< "Writing geometry to " << fName << endl;
     }
 
-    // Convert faces to triangles.
-    DynamicList<labelledTri> tris(faces.size());
-
-    forAll(faces, i)
-    {
-        const face& f = faces[i];
-
-        faceList triFaces(f.nTriangles(points));
-        label nTris = 0;
-        f.triangles(points, nTris, triFaces);
-
-        forAll(triFaces, triI)
-        {
-            const face& tri = triFaces[triI];
-            tris.append(labelledTri(tri[0], tri[1], tri[2], 0));
-        }
-    }
-
-    triSurface
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy<face>
     (
-        tris.shrink(),
-        geometricSurfacePatchList
-        (
-            1,
-            geometricSurfacePatch
-            (
-                "patch",                            // geometricType
-                string::validate<word>(fieldName),  // fieldName
-                0                                   // index
-            )
-        ),
-        points
+        points,
+        faces
     ).write(fName);
+
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/stl/stlSurfaceWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/proxy/proxySurfaceWriter.H
similarity index 72%
rename from src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/stl/stlSurfaceWriter.H
rename to src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/proxy/proxySurfaceWriter.H
index bfa0e6453c..ceeec731a7 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/stl/stlSurfaceWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/proxy/proxySurfaceWriter.H
@@ -23,17 +23,17 @@ License
     Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 
 Class
-    Foam::stlSurfaceWriter
+    Foam::proxySurfaceWriter
 
 Description
 
 SourceFiles
-    stlSurfaceWriter.C
+    proxySurfaceWriter.C
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef stlSurfaceWriter_H
-#define stlSurfaceWriter_H
+#ifndef proxySurfaceWriter_H
+#define proxySurfaceWriter_H
 
 #include "surfaceWriter.H"
 
@@ -43,48 +43,70 @@ namespace Foam
 {
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                     Class stlSurfaceWriter Declaration
+                      Class proxySurfaceWriter Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 template<class Type>
-class stlSurfaceWriter
+class proxySurfaceWriter
 :
     public surfaceWriter<Type>
 {
 
+    // Private data
+
+        //- The associated file extension
+        word ext_;
+
 public:
 
     //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("stl");
+    TypeName("proxy");
 
 
     // Constructors
 
-        //- Construct null
-        stlSurfaceWriter();
+        //- Construct for a given extension
+        proxySurfaceWriter(const word& ext);
 
 
     // Destructor
 
-        virtual ~stlSurfaceWriter();
+        virtual ~proxySurfaceWriter();
 
 
     // Member Functions
 
+        //- Always write separate geometry file
+        virtual bool separateFiles()
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
         // Write
 
+        //- Write geometry to file.
+        virtual void write
+        (
+            const fileName& outputDir,
+            const fileName& surfaceName,
+            const pointField& points,
+            const faceList& faces,
+            const bool verbose = false
+        ) const;
+
+
         //- Writes single surface to file.
         virtual void write
         (
-            const fileName& samplePath,
-            const fileName& timeDir,
+            const fileName& outputDir,
             const fileName& surfaceName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
             const fileName& fieldName,
             const Field<Type>& values,
             const bool verbose = false
-        ) const;
+        ) const
+        {}
 };
 
 
@@ -95,7 +117,7 @@ public:
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 #ifdef NoRepository
-#   include "stlSurfaceWriter.C"
+#   include "proxySurfaceWriter.C"
 #endif
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/stl/stlSurfaceWriterRunTime.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/proxy/proxySurfaceWriterRunTime.C
similarity index 89%
rename from src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/stl/stlSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
rename to src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/proxy/proxySurfaceWriterRunTime.C
index 779ccd2ba3..dd3a7ebff3 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/stl/stlSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/proxy/proxySurfaceWriterRunTime.C
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ License
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "stlSurfaceWriter.H"
+#include "proxySurfaceWriter.H"
 #include "surfaceWriters.H"
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -35,7 +35,9 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-makeSurfaceWriters(stlSurfaceWriter);
+// create type names, but do not register with run-time tables
+makeTypeSurfaceWritersTypeName(proxySurfaceWriter, bool);
+makeSurfaceWritersTypeName(proxySurfaceWriter);
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriter.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriter.C
index 301f8e69db..bab2ad38f3 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriter.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriter.C
@@ -25,9 +25,8 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "rawSurfaceWriter.H"
-#include "fileName.H"
+
 #include "OFstream.H"
-#include "faceList.H"
 #include "OSspecific.H"
 #include "IOmanip.H"
 
@@ -37,9 +36,9 @@ template<class Type>
 void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeGeometry
 (
     const pointField& points,
-    const label& pointI,
+    const label pointI,
     Ostream& os
-) const
+)
 {
     const point& pt = points[pointI];
 
@@ -52,15 +51,16 @@ void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeGeometry
 (
     const pointField& points,
     const faceList& faces,
-    const label& faceI,
+    const label faceI,
     Ostream& os
-) const
+)
 {
     const point& ct = faces[faceI].centre(points);
 
     os << ct.x() << ' ' << ct.y() << ' ' << ct.z() << ' ';
 }
 
+
 // Write scalarField in raw format
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
@@ -70,38 +70,29 @@ void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
     const faceList& faces,
     const scalarField& values,
     Ostream& os
-) const
+)
 {
     // header
-    os << "# " << fieldName;
+    os  << "#  x  y  z  " << fieldName << endl;
 
+    // Write data
     if (values.size() == points.size())
     {
-        os  << "  POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            writeGeometry(points, elemI, os);
+            os << values[elemI] << nl;
+        }
     }
     else
     {
-        os  << "  FACE_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
-    }
-
-    os  << "#  x  y  z  " << fieldName
-        << endl;
-
-    // Write data
-    forAll(values, elemI)
-    {
-        if (values.size() == points.size())
-        {
-            writeGeometry(points, elemI, os);
-        }
-        else
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
             writeGeometry(points, faces, elemI, os);
+            os << values[elemI] << nl;
         }
-        os << values[elemI] << endl;
     }
+
     os << nl;
 }
 
@@ -115,22 +106,9 @@ void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
     const faceList& faces,
     const vectorField& values,
     Ostream& os
-) const
+)
 {
     // header
-    os << "# " << fieldName;
-
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << "  POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << "  FACE_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
-    }
-
     os  << "#  x  y  z  "
         << fieldName << "_x  "
         << fieldName << "_y  "
@@ -138,21 +116,27 @@ void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
         << endl;
 
     // Write data
-    forAll(values, elemI)
+    if (values.size() == points.size())
     {
-        const vector& v = values[elemI];
-
-        if (values.size() == points.size())
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
             writeGeometry(points, elemI, os);
+
+            const vector& v = values[elemI];
+            os << v[0] << ' ' << v[1] << ' ' << v[2] << nl;
         }
-        else
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
             writeGeometry(points, faces, elemI, os);
-        }
 
-        os << v[0] << ' ' << v[1] << ' ' << v[2] << nl;
+            const vector& v = values[elemI];
+            os << v[0] << ' ' << v[1] << ' ' << v[2] << nl;
+        }
     }
+
 }
 
 
@@ -165,40 +149,32 @@ void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
     const faceList& faces,
     const sphericalTensorField& values,
     Ostream& os
-) const
+)
 {
     // header
-    os << "# " << fieldName;
-
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << "  POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << "  FACE_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
-    }
-
     os  << "#  ii  ";
     os << fieldName << "_ii" << endl;
 
     // Write data
-    forAll(values, elemI)
+    if (values.size() == points.size())
     {
-        const sphericalTensor& v = values[elemI];
-
-        if (values.size() == points.size())
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
             writeGeometry(points, elemI, os);
+
+            const sphericalTensor& v = values[elemI];
+            os  << v[0] << nl;
         }
-        else
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
             writeGeometry(points, faces, elemI, os);
-        }
 
-        os  << v[0] << nl;
+            const sphericalTensor& v = values[elemI];
+            os  << v[0] << nl;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -212,22 +188,9 @@ void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
     const faceList& faces,
     const symmTensorField& values,
     Ostream& os
-) const
+)
 {
     // header
-    os << "# " << fieldName;
-
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << "  POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << "  FACE_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
-    }
-
     os  << "#  xx  xy  xz  yy  yz ";
     for(int i=0; i<6; i++)
     {
@@ -236,22 +199,31 @@ void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
     os << endl;
 
     // Write data
-    forAll(values, elemI)
+    if (values.size() == points.size())
     {
-        const symmTensor& v = values[elemI];
-
-        if (values.size() == points.size())
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
             writeGeometry(points, elemI, os);
+
+            const symmTensor& v = values[elemI];
+
+            os  << v[0] << ' ' << v[1] << ' ' << v[2]
+                << v[3] << ' ' << v[4] << ' ' << v[5]
+                << nl;
         }
-        else
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
             writeGeometry(points, faces, elemI, os);
-        }
 
-        os  << v[0] << ' ' << v[1] << ' ' << v[2]
-            << v[3] << ' ' << v[4] << ' ' << v[5]
-            << nl;
+            const symmTensor& v = values[elemI];
+
+            os  << v[0] << ' ' << v[1] << ' ' << v[2]
+                << v[3] << ' ' << v[4] << ' ' << v[5]
+                << nl;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -265,46 +237,40 @@ void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
     const faceList& faces,
     const tensorField& values,
     Ostream& os
-) const
+)
 {
     // header
-    os << "# " << fieldName;
-
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << "  POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << "  FACE_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl;
-    }
-
     os  << "#  xx  xy  xz  yx  yy  yz  zx  zy  zz";
-    for(int i=0; i<9; i++)
+    for (int i=0; i<9; ++i)
     {
         os << fieldName << "_" << i << "  ";
     }
     os << endl;
 
     // Write data
-    forAll(values, elemI)
+    if (values.size() == points.size())
     {
-        const tensor& v = values[elemI];
-
-        if (values.size() == points.size())
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
             writeGeometry(points, elemI, os);
+
+            const tensor& v = values[elemI];
+            os  << v[0] << ' ' << v[1] << ' ' << v[2]
+                << v[3] << ' ' << v[4] << ' ' << v[5]
+                << v[6] << ' ' << v[7] << ' ' << v[8] << nl;
         }
-        else
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
             writeGeometry(points, faces, elemI, os);
-        }
 
-        os  << v[0] << ' ' << v[1] << ' ' << v[2]
-            << v[3] << ' ' << v[4] << ' ' << v[5]
-            << v[6] << ' ' << v[7] << ' ' << v[8] << nl;
+            const tensor& v = values[elemI];
+            os  << v[0] << ' ' << v[1] << ' ' << v[2]
+                << v[3] << ' ' << v[4] << ' ' << v[5]
+                << v[6] << ' ' << v[7] << ' ' << v[8] << nl;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -330,8 +296,66 @@ Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::~rawSurfaceWriter()
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
 (
-    const fileName& samplePath,
-    const fileName& timeDir,
+    const fileName& outputDir,
+    const fileName& surfaceName,
+    const pointField& points,
+    const faceList& faces,
+    const bool verbose
+) const
+{
+    if (!isDir(outputDir))
+    {
+        mkDir(outputDir);
+    }
+
+    OFstream os
+    (
+        outputDir/surfaceName + ".raw"
+    );
+
+    if (verbose)
+    {
+        Info<< "Writing geometry to " << os.name() << endl;
+    }
+
+
+    // header
+    os  << "# geometry NO_DATA " << faces.size() << nl
+        << "#  x  y  z" << endl;
+
+    // Write faces
+    forAll(faces, elemI)
+    {
+        writeGeometry(points, faces, elemI, os);
+        os << nl;
+    }
+
+    os << nl;
+}
+
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    // bool fields aren't supported
+    template<>
+    void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<bool>::write
+    (
+        const fileName& outputDir,
+        const fileName& surfaceName,
+        const pointField& points,
+        const faceList& faces,
+        const fileName& fieldName,
+        const Field<bool>& values,
+        const bool verbose
+    ) const
+    {}
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
+(
+    const fileName& outputDir,
     const fileName& surfaceName,
     const pointField& points,
     const faceList& faces,
@@ -340,21 +364,35 @@ void Foam::rawSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
     const bool verbose
 ) const
 {
-    fileName surfaceDir(samplePath/timeDir);
-
-    if (!isDir(surfaceDir))
+    if (!isDir(outputDir))
     {
-        mkDir(surfaceDir);
+        mkDir(outputDir);
     }
 
-    fileName fName(surfaceDir/fieldName + '_' + surfaceName + ".raw");
+    OFstream os
+    (
+        outputDir/fieldName + '_' + surfaceName + ".raw"
+    );
 
     if (verbose)
     {
-        Info<< "Writing field " << fieldName << " to " << fName << endl;
+        Info<< "Writing field " << fieldName << " to " << os.name() << endl;
     }
 
-    OFstream os(fName);
+
+    // header
+    os  << "# " << fieldName;
+    if (values.size() == points.size())
+    {
+        os  << "  POINT_DATA ";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        os  << "  FACE_DATA ";
+    }
+
+    os  << values.size() << nl;
+
     writeData(fieldName, points, faces, values, os);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriter.H
index 3b019d14a8..fc9fc0804a 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriter.H
@@ -53,65 +53,65 @@ class rawSurfaceWriter
 {
     // Private Member Functions
 
-        void writeGeometry
+        static void writeGeometry
         (
             const pointField& points,
-            const label& pointI,
+            const label pointI,
             Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        );
 
-        void writeGeometry
+        static void writeGeometry
         (
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
-            const label& faceI,
+            const label faceI,
             Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        );
 
-        void writeData
+        static void writeData
         (
             const fileName& fieldName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
             const scalarField& values,
             Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        );
 
-        void writeData
+        static void writeData
         (
             const fileName& fieldName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
             const vectorField& values,
             Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        );
 
-        void writeData
+        static void writeData
         (
             const fileName& fieldName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
             const sphericalTensorField& values,
             Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        );
 
-        void writeData
+        static void writeData
         (
             const fileName& fieldName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
             const symmTensorField& values,
             Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        );
 
-        void writeData
+        static void writeData
         (
             const fileName& fieldName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
             const tensorField& values,
             Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        );
 
 
 public:
@@ -135,11 +135,20 @@ public:
 
         // Write
 
+        //- Write geometry to file.
+        virtual void write
+        (
+            const fileName& outputDir,
+            const fileName& surfaceName,
+            const pointField& points,
+            const faceList& faces,
+            const bool verbose = false
+        ) const;
+
         //- Writes single surface to file.
         virtual void write
         (
-            const fileName& samplePath,
-            const fileName& timeDir,
+            const fileName& outputDir,
             const fileName& surfaceName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriterRunTime.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
index 3cc908dc23..d0f6a91d69 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/raw/rawSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+makeSurfaceWriterType(rawSurfaceWriter, bool);
 makeSurfaceWriters(rawSurfaceWriter);
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriter.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriter.C
index 1f1ed18936..99e19b96dd 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriter.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriter.C
@@ -25,54 +25,83 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "surfaceWriter.H"
+
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
+#include "nullSurfaceWriter.H"
+#include "proxySurfaceWriter.H"
+
 #include "HashTable.H"
 #include "word.H"
-#include "fileName.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-namespace Foam
-{
-
 template<class Type>
-autoPtr<surfaceWriter<Type> > surfaceWriter<Type>::New(const word& writeType)
+Foam::autoPtr< Foam::surfaceWriter<Type> >
+Foam::surfaceWriter<Type>::New(const word& writeType)
 {
     typename wordConstructorTable::iterator cstrIter =
-        wordConstructorTablePtr_
-            ->find(writeType);
+        wordConstructorTablePtr_->find(writeType);
 
     if (cstrIter == wordConstructorTablePtr_->end())
     {
-        FatalErrorIn
+        // not supported for this data type, but it generally does work
+        // (it handles the 'bool' specialization - ie, geometry write)
+        if
         (
-            "surfaceWriter::New(const word&)"
-        )   << "Unknown write type " << writeType
-            << endl << endl
-            << "Valid write types : " << endl
-            << wordConstructorTablePtr_->toc()
-            << exit(FatalError);
+            Foam::surfaceWriter<bool>::wordConstructorTablePtr_->found
+            (
+                writeType
+            )
+        )
+        {
+            // use 'null' handler instead
+            return autoPtr< surfaceWriter<Type> >
+            (
+                new nullSurfaceWriter<Type>()
+            );
+        }
+        else if (MeshedSurfaceProxy<face>::canWriteType(writeType))
+        {
+            // generally unknown, but can be written via MeshedSurfaceProxy
+            // use 'proxy' handler instead
+            return autoPtr< surfaceWriter<Type> >
+            (
+                new proxySurfaceWriter<Type>(writeType)
+            );
+        }
+
+        if (cstrIter == wordConstructorTablePtr_->end())
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "surfaceWriter::New(const word&)"
+            )   << "Unknown write type \"" << writeType << "\"\n\n"
+                << "Valid write types : "
+                << wordConstructorTablePtr_->toc() << nl
+                << "Valid proxy types : "
+                << MeshedSurfaceProxy<face>::writeTypes() << endl
+                << exit(FatalError);
+        }
     }
 
-    return autoPtr<surfaceWriter<Type> >(cstrIter()());
+    return autoPtr< surfaceWriter<Type> >(cstrIter()());
 }
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
-surfaceWriter<Type>::surfaceWriter()
+Foam::surfaceWriter<Type>::surfaceWriter()
 {}
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Type>
-surfaceWriter<Type>::~surfaceWriter()
+Foam::surfaceWriter<Type>::~surfaceWriter()
 {}
 
 
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace Foam
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriter.H
index 223d0a58d3..b645c522ef 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriter.H
@@ -37,23 +37,33 @@ SourceFiles
 
 #include "Field.H"
 #include "typeInfo.H"
-#include "runTimeSelectionTables.H"
 #include "autoPtr.H"
 #include "pointField.H"
 #include "faceList.H"
+#include "fileName.H"
+
+#include "runTimeSelectionTables.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 namespace Foam
 {
 
+// Forward declaration of friend functions and operators
+
+template<class Type> class surfaceWriter;
+template<class Type> class nullSurfaceWriter;
+template<class Type> class proxySurfaceWriter;
+
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                           Class surfaceWriter Declaration
+                        Class surfaceWriter Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 template<class Type>
 class surfaceWriter
 {
+    //- friendship between writer data types
+    template<class Type2> friend class surfaceWriter;
 
 public:
 
@@ -91,12 +101,30 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
+        //- Return true if the surface format supports separate files
+        virtual bool separateFiles()
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+
+        //- Writes single surface geometry to file.
+        virtual void write
+        (
+            const fileName& outputDir,      // <root>/<case>/surface/TIME
+            const fileName& surfaceName,    // name of surface
+            const pointField& points,
+            const faceList& faces,
+            const bool verbose = false
+        ) const
+        {}
+
+
         //- Writes single surface to file. Either one value per vertex or
         //  one value per face (detected by values.size()==faces.size())
         virtual void write
         (
-            const fileName& samplePath,     // <root>/<case>/sampleSurfaces
-            const fileName& timeDir,        // time directory
+            const fileName& outputDir,      // <root>/<case>/surface/TIME
             const fileName& surfaceName,    // name of surface
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriters.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriters.C
index 1346f55e2b..af6abeb461 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriters.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriters.C
@@ -33,8 +33,10 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 #define defineSurfaceWriterType(dataType)                                     \
-    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(surfaceWriter<dataType >, 0);         \
-    defineTemplatedRunTimeSelectionTable(surfaceWriter, word, dataType);
+    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(surfaceWriter< dataType >, 0);        \
+    defineTemplatedRunTimeSelectionTable(surfaceWriter, word, dataType)
+
+defineSurfaceWriterType(bool);
 
 defineSurfaceWriterType(scalar);
 defineSurfaceWriterType(vector);
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriters.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriters.H
index 0e3e60a1a6..d990b04daf 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriters.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/surfaceWriters.H
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Description
 // Only used internally
 #define makeTypeSurfaceWritersTypeName(typeWriter, dataType)                 \
                                                                              \
-    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(typeWriter<dataType >, 0);
+    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(typeWriter< dataType >, 0)
 
 // Sometimes used externally
 #define makeSurfaceWritersTypeName(typeWriter)                               \
@@ -48,16 +48,16 @@ Description
     makeTypeSurfaceWritersTypeName(typeWriter, vector);                      \
     makeTypeSurfaceWritersTypeName(typeWriter, sphericalTensor);             \
     makeTypeSurfaceWritersTypeName(typeWriter, symmTensor);                  \
-    makeTypeSurfaceWritersTypeName(typeWriter, tensor);
+    makeTypeSurfaceWritersTypeName(typeWriter, tensor)
 
 // Define type info for single dataType template instantiation (eg, vector)
 #define makeSurfaceWriterType(typeWriter, dataType)                          \
                                                                              \
-    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(typeWriter<dataType >, 0);           \
+    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(typeWriter< dataType >, 0);          \
     addTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable                                      \
     (                                                                        \
         surfaceWriter, typeWriter, dataType, word                            \
-    );
+    )
 
 
 // Define type info for scalar, vector etc. instantiations
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ Description
     makeSurfaceWriterType(typeWriter, vector);                               \
     makeSurfaceWriterType(typeWriter, sphericalTensor);                      \
     makeSurfaceWriterType(typeWriter, symmTensor);                           \
-    makeSurfaceWriterType(typeWriter, tensor);
+    makeSurfaceWriterType(typeWriter, tensor)
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriter.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriter.C
index d2f529588c..ff4766a325 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriter.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriter.C
@@ -25,9 +25,8 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "vtkSurfaceWriter.H"
-#include "fileName.H"
+
 #include "OFstream.H"
-#include "faceList.H"
 #include "OSspecific.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -35,13 +34,12 @@ License
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeGeometry
 (
+    Ostream& os,
     const pointField& points,
-    const faceList& faces,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
+    const faceList& faces
+)
 {
-    // Write vertex coordinates
-
+    // header
     os
         << "# vtk DataFile Version 2.0" << nl
         << "sampleSurface" << nl
@@ -57,7 +55,7 @@ void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeGeometry
             << float(pt.y()) << ' '
             << float(pt.z()) << nl;
     }
-    os  << endl;
+    os  << nl;
 
 
     // Write faces
@@ -84,193 +82,133 @@ void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeGeometry
 }
 
 
-// Write scalarField in vtk format
-template<class Type>
-void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
-(
-    const fileName& fieldName,
-    const pointField& points,
-    const scalarField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
+namespace Foam
 {
-    // Write data
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << "POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << "CELL_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
 
-    os  << fieldName << " 1 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
-
-    forAll(values, elemI)
+    // Write scalarField in vtk format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Foam::scalar>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<Foam::scalar>& values
+    )
     {
-        if (elemI)
+        os << "1 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
         {
-            if (elemI % 10)
+            if (elemI)
             {
-                os << ' ';
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                os << nl;
+                if (elemI % 10)
+                {
+                    os << ' ';
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    os << nl;
+                }
             }
+
+            const scalar& v = values[elemI];
+            os << float(v);
         }
-        os << float(values[elemI]);
+        os << nl;
     }
-    os << nl;
+
+    // Write vectorField in vtk format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Foam::vector>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<Foam::vector>& values
+    )
+    {
+        os << "3 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            const vector& v = values[elemI];
+            os  << float(v[0]) << ' ' << float(v[1]) << ' ' << float(v[2])
+                << nl;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Write sphericalTensorField in vtk format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Foam::sphericalTensor>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<sphericalTensor>& values
+    )
+    {
+        os << "1 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            const sphericalTensor& v = values[elemI];
+            os << float(v[0]) << nl;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Write symmTensorField in vtk format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Foam::symmTensor>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<symmTensor>& values
+    )
+    {
+        os << "6 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            const symmTensor& v = values[elemI];
+            os  << float(v[0]) << ' ' << float(v[1]) << ' ' << float(v[2])
+                << float(v[3]) << ' ' << float(v[4]) << ' ' << float(v[5])
+                << nl;
+
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Write tensorField in vtk format
+    template<>
+    void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Foam::tensor>::writeData
+    (
+        Ostream& os,
+        const Field<tensor>& values
+    )
+    {
+        os << "9 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
+
+        forAll(values, elemI)
+        {
+            const tensor& v = values[elemI];
+            os  << float(v[0]) << ' ' << float(v[1]) << ' ' << float(v[2])
+                << float(v[3]) << ' ' << float(v[4]) << ' ' << float(v[5])
+                << float(v[6]) << ' ' << float(v[7]) << ' ' << float(v[8])
+                << nl;
+        }
+    }
+
 }
 
 
-// Write vectorField in vtk format
+// Write generic field in vtk format
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
 (
-    const fileName& fieldName,
-    const pointField& points,
-    const vectorField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
+    Ostream& os,
+    const Field<Type>& values
+)
 {
-    // Write data
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << "POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << "CELL_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
-
-    os  << fieldName << " 3 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
+    os << "1 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
 
     forAll(values, elemI)
     {
-        const vector& v = values[elemI];
-
-        os << float(v[0]) << ' ' << float(v[1]) << ' ' << float(v[2]) << nl;
-    }
-}
-
-
-// Write sphericalTensorField in vtk format
-template<class Type>
-void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
-(
-    const fileName& fieldName,
-    const pointField& points,
-    const sphericalTensorField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
-{
-    // Write data
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << "POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << "CELL_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
-
-    os  << fieldName << " 1 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
-
-    forAll(values, elemI)
-    {
-        const sphericalTensor& v = values[elemI];
-
-        os  << float(v[0])
-            << nl;
-    }
-}
-
-
-// Write symmTensorField in vtk format
-template<class Type>
-void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
-(
-    const fileName& fieldName,
-    const pointField& points,
-    const symmTensorField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
-{
-    // Write data
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << "POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << "CELL_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
-
-    os  << fieldName << " 6 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
-
-    forAll(values, elemI)
-    {
-        const symmTensor& v = values[elemI];
-
-        os  << float(v[0]) << ' ' << float(v[1]) << ' ' << float(v[2])
-            << float(v[3]) << ' ' << float(v[4]) << ' ' << float(v[5])
-            << nl;
-    }
-}
-
-
-// Write tensorField in vtk format
-template<class Type>
-void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::writeData
-(
-    const fileName& fieldName,
-    const pointField& points,
-    const tensorField& values,
-    Ostream& os
-) const
-{
-    // Write data
-    if (values.size() == points.size())
-    {
-        os  << "POINT_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        os  << "CELL_DATA " << values.size()
-            << nl
-            << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl;
-    }
-
-    os  << fieldName << " 9 " << values.size() << " float" << nl;
-
-    forAll(values, elemI)
-    {
-        const tensor& v = values[elemI];
-
-        os  << float(v[0]) << ' ' << float(v[1]) << ' ' << float(v[2])
-            << float(v[3]) << ' ' << float(v[4]) << ' ' << float(v[5])
-            << float(v[6]) << ' ' << float(v[7]) << ' ' << float(v[8])
-            << nl;
+        os << float(0) << nl;
     }
 }
 
@@ -297,8 +235,34 @@ Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::~vtkSurfaceWriter()
 template<class Type>
 void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
 (
-    const fileName& samplePath,
-    const fileName& timeDir,
+    const fileName& outputDir,
+    const fileName& surfaceName,
+    const pointField& points,
+    const faceList& faces,
+    const bool verbose
+) const
+{
+    if (!isDir(outputDir))
+    {
+        mkDir(outputDir);
+    }
+
+    fileName fName(outputDir/surfaceName + ".vtk");
+
+    if (verbose)
+    {
+        Info<< "Writing geometry to " << fName << endl;
+    }
+
+    OFstream os(fName);
+    writeGeometry(os, points, faces);
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
+(
+    const fileName& outputDir,
     const fileName& surfaceName,
     const pointField& points,
     const faceList& faces,
@@ -307,24 +271,40 @@ void Foam::vtkSurfaceWriter<Type>::write
     const bool verbose
 ) const
 {
-    fileName surfaceDir(samplePath/timeDir);
-
-    if (!isDir(surfaceDir))
+    if (!isDir(outputDir))
     {
-        mkDir(surfaceDir);
+        mkDir(outputDir);
     }
 
-    fileName fName(surfaceDir/fieldName + '_' + surfaceName + ".vtk");
+    OFstream os
+    (
+        outputDir/fieldName + '_' + surfaceName + ".vtk"
+    );
 
     if (verbose)
     {
-        Info<< "Writing field " << fieldName << " to " << fName << endl;
+        Info<< "Writing field " << fieldName << " to " << os.name() << endl;
     }
 
-    OFstream os(fName);
+    writeGeometry(os, points, faces);
+
+    // start writing data
+    if (values.size() == points.size())
+    {
+        os  << "POINT_DATA ";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        os  << "CELL_DATA ";
+    }
+
+    os  << values.size() << nl
+        << "FIELD attributes 1" << nl
+        << fieldName << " ";
+
+    // Write data
+    writeData(os, values);
 
-    writeGeometry(points, faces, os);
-    writeData(fieldName, points, values, os);
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriter.H b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriter.H
index bf25f52612..1b8736f103 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriter.H
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriter.H
@@ -53,52 +53,9 @@ class vtkSurfaceWriter
 {
     // Private Member Functions
 
-        void writeGeometry
-        (
-            const pointField& points,
-            const faceList& faces,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        static void writeGeometry(Ostream&, const pointField&, const faceList&);
 
-        void writeData
-        (
-            const fileName& fieldName,
-            const pointField& points,
-            const scalarField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
-
-        void writeData
-        (
-            const fileName& fieldName,
-            const pointField& points,
-            const vectorField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
-
-        void writeData
-        (
-            const fileName& fieldName,
-            const pointField& points,
-            const sphericalTensorField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
-
-        void writeData
-        (
-            const fileName& fieldName,
-            const pointField& points,
-            const symmTensorField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
-
-        void writeData
-        (
-            const fileName& fieldName,
-            const pointField& points,
-            const tensorField& values,
-            Ostream& os
-        ) const;
+        static void writeData(Ostream&, const Field<Type>& values);
 
 
 public:
@@ -122,11 +79,21 @@ public:
 
         // Write
 
+        //- Write geometry to file.
+        virtual void write
+        (
+            const fileName& outputDir,
+            const fileName& surfaceName,
+            const pointField& points,
+            const faceList& faces,
+            const bool verbose = false
+        ) const;
+
+
         //- Writes single surface to file.
         virtual void write
         (
-            const fileName& samplePath,
-            const fileName& timeDir,
+            const fileName& outputDir,
             const fileName& surfaceName,
             const pointField& points,
             const faceList& faces,
diff --git a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriterRunTime.C b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
index 6ce03ab197..71a2fff034 100644
--- a/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
+++ b/src/sampling/sampledSurface/writers/vtk/vtkSurfaceWriterRunTime.C
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+makeSurfaceWriterType(vtkSurfaceWriter, bool);
 makeSurfaceWriters(vtkSurfaceWriter);
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/BasicMeshedSurface/BasicMeshedSurface.C b/src/surfMesh/BasicMeshedSurface/BasicMeshedSurface.C
deleted file mode 100644
index 41295b44b6..0000000000
--- a/src/surfMesh/BasicMeshedSurface/BasicMeshedSurface.C
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,572 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
-    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
-    option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "BasicMeshedSurface.H"
-#include "boundBox.H"
-#include "mergePoints.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-template<class Face>
-inline bool Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::isTri()
-{
-    return false;
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::BasicMeshedSurface()
-:
-    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
-{}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::BasicMeshedSurface
-(
-    const Xfer< pointField >& pointLst,
-    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst
-)
-:
-    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
-{
-    reset(pointLst, faceLst);
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::~BasicMeshedSurface()
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::clear()
-{
-    ParentType::clearOut();
-
-    storedPoints().clear();
-    storedFaces().clear();
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::movePoints(const pointField& newPoints)
-{
-    // Remove all geometry dependent data
-    ParentType::clearTopology();
-
-    // Adapt for new point position
-    ParentType::movePoints(newPoints);
-
-    // Copy new points
-    storedPoints() = newPoints;
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::scalePoints(const scalar& scaleFactor)
-{
-    // avoid bad scaling
-    if (scaleFactor > 0 && scaleFactor != 1.0)
-    {
-        // Remove all geometry dependent data
-        ParentType::clearTopology();
-
-        // Adapt for new point position
-        ParentType::movePoints(pointField());
-
-        storedPoints() *= scaleFactor;
-    }
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::reset
-(
-    const Xfer< pointField >& pointLst,
-    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst
-)
-{
-    ParentType::clearOut();
-
-    // Take over new primitive data.
-    // Optimized to avoid overwriting data at all
-    if (&pointLst)
-    {
-        storedPoints().transfer(pointLst());
-    }
-
-    if (&faceLst)
-    {
-        storedFaces().transfer(faceLst());
-    }
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::reset
-(
-    const Xfer< List<point> >& pointLst,
-    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst
-)
-{
-    ParentType::clearOut();
-
-    // Take over new primitive data.
-    // Optimized to avoid overwriting data at all
-    if (&pointLst)
-    {
-        storedPoints().transfer(pointLst());
-    }
-
-    if (&faceLst)
-    {
-        storedFaces().transfer(faceLst());
-    }
-}
-
-
-// Remove badly degenerate faces, double faces.
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::cleanup(const bool verbose)
-{
-    // merge points (already done for STL, TRI)
-    stitchFaces(SMALL, verbose);
-
-    checkFaces(verbose);
-    this->checkTopology(verbose);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-bool Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::stitchFaces
-(
-    const scalar tol,
-    const bool verbose
-)
-{
-    pointField& pointLst = this->storedPoints();
-
-    // Merge points
-    labelList  pointMap(pointLst.size());
-    pointField newPoints(pointLst.size());
-
-    bool hasMerged = mergePoints(pointLst, tol, verbose, pointMap, newPoints);
-
-    if (!hasMerged)
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    if (verbose)
-    {
-        Info<< "BasicMeshedSurface::stitchFaces : Renumbering all faces"
-            << endl;
-    }
-
-    // Set the coordinates to the merged ones
-    pointLst.transfer(newPoints);
-
-    List<Face>& faceLst = this->storedFaces();
-
-    List<label> faceMap(faceLst.size());
-
-    // Reset the point labels to the unique points array
-    label newFaceI = 0;
-    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-    {
-        Face& f = faceLst[faceI];
-        forAll(f, fp)
-        {
-            f[fp] = pointMap[f[fp]];
-        }
-
-        // for extra safety: collapse face as well
-        if (f.collapse() >= 3)
-        {
-            if (newFaceI != faceI)
-            {
-                faceLst[newFaceI] = f;
-            }
-            faceMap[newFaceI] = faceI;
-            newFaceI++;
-        }
-        else if (verbose)
-        {
-            Pout<< "BasicMeshedSurface::stitchFaces : "
-                << "Removing collapsed face " << faceI << endl
-                << "    vertices   :" << f << endl;
-        }
-    }
-    pointMap.clear();
-
-    if (newFaceI != faceLst.size())
-    {
-        if (verbose)
-        {
-            Pout<< "BasicMeshedSurface::stitchFaces : "
-                << "Removed " << faceLst.size() - newFaceI
-                << " faces" << endl;
-        }
-        faceLst.setSize(newFaceI);
-        remapFaces(faceMap);
-    }
-    faceMap.clear();
-
-    // Merging points might have changed geometric factors
-    ParentType::clearOut();
-    return true;
-}
-
-
-// Remove badly degenerate faces and double faces.
-template<class Face>
-bool Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::checkFaces
-(
-    const bool verbose
-)
-{
-    bool changed = false;
-    List<Face>& faceLst = this->storedFaces();
-
-    List<label> faceMap(faceLst.size());
-
-    label newFaceI = 0;
-    // Detect badly labelled faces and mark degenerate faces
-    const label maxPointI = this->points().size() - 1;
-    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-    {
-        Face& f = faceLst[faceI];
-
-        // avoid degenerate faces
-        if (f.collapse() >= 3)
-        {
-            forAll(f, fp)
-            {
-                if (f[fp] < 0 || f[fp] > maxPointI)
-                {
-                    FatalErrorIn("BasicMeshedSurface::checkFaces(bool)")
-                        << "face " << f
-                        << " uses point indices outside point range 0.."
-                    << maxPointI
-                        << exit(FatalError);
-                }
-            }
-
-            faceMap[faceI] = faceI;
-            newFaceI++;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            // mark as bad face
-            faceMap[faceI] = -1;
-
-            changed = true;
-            if (verbose)
-            {
-                WarningIn
-                (
-                    "BasicMeshedSurface::checkFaces(bool verbose)"
-                )   << "face[" << faceI << "] = " << f
-                    << " does not have three unique vertices" << endl;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Detect doubled faces
-    // do not touch the faces
-    const labelListList& fFaces = this->faceFaces();
-    newFaceI = 0;
-    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-    {
-        // skip already collapsed faces:
-        if (faceMap[faceI] < 0)
-        {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        const Face& f = faceLst[faceI];
-
-        // duplicate face check
-        bool okay = true;
-        const labelList& neighbours = fFaces[faceI];
-
-        // Check if faceNeighbours use same points as this face.
-        // Note: discards normal information - sides of baffle are merged.
-        forAll(neighbours, neighI)
-        {
-            const label neiFaceI = neighbours[neighI];
-
-            if (neiFaceI <= faceI || faceMap[neiFaceI] < 0)
-            {
-                // lower numbered faces already checked
-                // skip neighbours that are themselves collapsed
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            const Face& nei = faceLst[neiFaceI];
-
-            if (f == nei)
-            {
-                okay = false;
-
-                if (verbose)
-                {
-                    WarningIn
-                    (
-                        "BasicMeshedSurface::checkFaces(bool verbose)"
-                    )   << "faces share the same vertices:" << nl
-                        << "    face[" << faceI << "] : " << f << nl
-                        << "    face[" << neiFaceI << "] : " << nei << endl;
-                    // printFace(Warning, "    ", f, points());
-                    // printFace(Warning, "    ", nei, points());
-                }
-
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (okay)
-        {
-            faceMap[faceI] = faceI;
-            newFaceI++;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            faceMap[faceI] = -1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Phase 1: pack
-    // Done to keep numbering constant in phase 1
-
-    if (changed || newFaceI < faceLst.size())
-    {
-        changed = true;
-
-        if (verbose)
-        {
-            WarningIn
-            (
-                "BasicMeshedSurface::checkFaces(bool verbose)"
-            )   << "Removed " << faceLst.size() - newFaceI
-                << " illegal faces." << endl;
-        }
-
-        // compress the face list
-        newFaceI = 0;
-        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-        {
-            if (faceMap[faceI] >= 0)
-            {
-                if (newFaceI != faceI)
-                {
-                    faceLst[newFaceI] = faceLst[faceI];
-                }
-                faceMap[newFaceI] = faceI;
-                newFaceI++;
-            }
-        }
-
-        faceLst.setSize(newFaceI);
-        remapFaces(faceMap);
-    }
-    faceMap.clear();
-
-    // Topology can change because of renumbering
-    ParentType::clearOut();
-    return changed;
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::label Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::triangulate()
-{
-    return triangulate
-    (
-        const_cast<List<label>&>(List<label>::null())
-    );
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::label Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::triangulate
-(
-    List<label>& faceMapOut
-)
-{
-    label nTri = 0;
-    label maxTri = 0;  // the maximum number of triangles for any single face
-    List<Face>& faceLst = this->storedFaces();
-
-    // determine how many triangles will be needed
-    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-    {
-        const label n = faceLst[faceI].nTriangles();
-        if (maxTri < n)
-        {
-            maxTri = n;
-        }
-        nTri += n;
-    }
-
-    // nothing to do
-    if (nTri <= faceLst.size())
-    {
-        if (&faceMapOut)
-        {
-            faceMapOut.clear();
-        }
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    List<Face>  newFaces(nTri);
-    List<label> faceMap;
-
-    // reuse storage from optional faceMap
-    if (&faceMapOut)
-    {
-        faceMap.transfer(faceMapOut);
-    }
-    faceMap.setSize(nTri);
-
-    // remember the number of *additional* faces
-    nTri -= faceLst.size();
-
-    if (this->points().empty())
-    {
-        // triangulate without points
-        // simple face triangulation around f[0]
-        label newFaceI = 0;
-        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-        {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceI];
-
-            for (label fp = 1; fp < f.size() - 1; ++fp)
-            {
-                label fp1 = f.fcIndex(fp);
-
-                newFaces[newFaceI] = triFace(f[0], f[fp], f[fp1]);
-                faceMap[newFaceI] = faceI;
-                newFaceI++;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // triangulate with points
-        List<face> tmpTri(maxTri);
-
-        label newFaceI = 0;
-        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-        {
-            // 'face' not '<Face>'
-            const face& f = faceLst[faceI];
-
-            label nTmp;
-            f.triangles(this->points(), nTmp, tmpTri);
-            for (label triI = 0; triI < nTmp; triI++)
-            {
-                newFaces[newFaceI] = Face
-                (
-                    static_cast<UList<label>&>(tmpTri[triI])
-                );
-                faceMap[newFaceI] = faceI;
-                newFaceI++;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    faceLst.transfer(newFaces);
-    remapFaces(faceMap);
-
-    // optionally return the faceMap
-    if (&faceMapOut)
-    {
-        faceMapOut.transfer(faceMap);
-    }
-    faceMap.clear();
-
-    // Topology can change because of renumbering
-    ParentType::clearOut();
-    return nTri;
-}
-
-
-// dummy implementation to avoid a pure virtual class
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::remapFaces(const UList<label>&)
-{
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::writeStats(Ostream& os) const
-{
-    os  << "points      : " << this->points().size() << nl;
-    if (this->isTri())
-    {
-        os << "triangles   : " << this->size() << nl;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        label nTri = 0;
-        label nQuad = 0;
-        forAll(*this, i)
-        {
-            const label n = this->operator[](i).size();
-
-            if (n == 3)
-            {
-                nTri++;
-            }
-            else if (n == 4)
-            {
-                nQuad++;
-            }
-        }
-
-        os  << "faces       : " << this->size()
-            << "  (tri:" << nTri << " quad:" << nQuad
-            << " poly:" << (this->size() - nTri - nQuad ) << ")" << nl;
-    }
-
-    os  << "boundingBox : " << boundBox(this->points()) << endl;
-}
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * IOstream Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/BasicMeshedSurface/BasicMeshedSurface.H b/src/surfMesh/BasicMeshedSurface/BasicMeshedSurface.H
deleted file mode 100644
index ab60baf93d..0000000000
--- a/src/surfMesh/BasicMeshedSurface/BasicMeshedSurface.H
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,223 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
-    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
-    option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
-
-Class
-    Foam::BasicMeshedSurface
-
-Description
-    Holds surfaces without any zone information
-
-SourceFiles
-    BasicMeshedSurface.C
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#ifndef BasicMeshedSurface_H
-#define BasicMeshedSurface_H
-
-#include "PrimitivePatch.H"
-#include "PatchTools.H"
-#include "pointField.H"
-#include "face.H"
-#include "triFace.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-
-// Forward declaration of friend functions and operators
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                     Class BasicMeshedSurface Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-template<class Face>
-class BasicMeshedSurface
-:
-    public PrimitivePatch<Face, ::Foam::List, pointField, point>
-{
-
-    // Private typedefs
-
-        typedef PrimitivePatch
-        <
-            Face,
-            ::Foam::List,
-            pointField,
-            point
-        >
-        ParentType;
-
-protected:
-
-    // Protected Member Functions
-
-        //- Non-const access to global points
-        pointField& storedPoints()
-        {
-            return const_cast<pointField&>(ParentType::points());
-        }
-
-        //- Non-const access to the faces
-        List<Face>& storedFaces()
-        {
-            return static_cast<List<Face> &>(*this);
-        }
-
-        //- Set new zones from faceMap
-        virtual void remapFaces(const UList<label>& faceMap);
-
-public:
-
-    // Static
-
-        //- Face storage only handles triangulated faces
-        inline static bool isTri();
-
-
-    // Constructors
-
-        //- Construct null
-        BasicMeshedSurface();
-
-        //- Construct by transferring components (points, faces).
-        BasicMeshedSurface
-        (
-            const Xfer< pointField >&,
-            const Xfer< List<Face> >&
-        );
-
-    // Destructor
-
-        virtual ~BasicMeshedSurface();
-
-    // Member Functions
-
-    // Access
-
-        //- Return const access to the faces
-        inline const List<Face>& faces() const
-        {
-            return static_cast<const List<Face> &>(*this);
-        }
-
-    // Edit
-
-        //- Clear all storage
-        virtual void clear();
-
-        //- Move points
-        virtual void movePoints(const pointField&);
-
-        //- Scale points. A non-positive factor is ignored
-        virtual void scalePoints(const scalar&);
-
-        //- Transfer components (points, faces).
-        virtual void reset
-        (
-            const Xfer< pointField >&,
-            const Xfer< List<Face> >&
-        );
-
-        //- Transfer components (points, faces).
-        virtual void reset
-        (
-            const Xfer< List<point> >&,
-            const Xfer< List<Face> >&
-        );
-
-        //- Remove invalid faces
-        virtual void cleanup(const bool verbose);
-
-        virtual bool stitchFaces
-        (
-            const scalar tol=SMALL,
-            const bool verbose=false
-        );
-
-        virtual bool checkFaces
-        (
-            const bool verbose=false
-        );
-
-        //- Triangulate in-place, returning the number of triangles added
-        virtual label triangulate();
-
-        //- Triangulate in-place, returning the number of triangles added
-        //  and setting a map of original face Ids.
-        //  The faceMap is zero-sized when no triangulation was done.
-        virtual label triangulate(List<label>& faceMap);
-
-
-    // Write
-
-        void writeStats(Ostream& os) const;
-
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-//- Specialization for holding triangulated information
-template<>
-inline bool BasicMeshedSurface<triFace>::isTri()
-{
-    return true;
-}
-
-//- Specialization for holding triangulated information
-template<>
-inline label BasicMeshedSurface<triFace>::triangulate()
-{
-    return 0;
-}
-
-//- Specialization for holding triangulated information
-template<>
-inline label BasicMeshedSurface<triFace>::triangulate(List<label>& faceMap)
-{
-    if (&faceMap)
-    {
-        faceMap.clear();
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace Foam
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#ifdef NoRepository
-#   include "BasicMeshedSurface.C"
-#endif
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#endif
-
-// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/Make/files b/src/surfMesh/Make/files
index 2a51d95fbf..55b12af52e 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/Make/files
+++ b/src/surfMesh/Make/files
@@ -2,16 +2,20 @@ surfZone/surfZone/surfZone.C
 surfZone/surfZone/surfZoneIOList.C
 surfZone/surfZoneIdentifier/surfZoneIdentifier.C
 
+MeshedSurfaceAllocator/MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.C
+
 MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceCore.C
 MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaces.C
 UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurfaces.C
 
+MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxyCore.C
+
 surfaceRegistry/surfaceRegistry.C
-surfFields/surfFields.C
-surfPointFields/surfPointFields.C
 surfMesh/surfMesh.C
 surfMesh/surfMeshClear.C
 surfMesh/surfMeshIO.C
+surfFields/surfFields/surfFields.C
+surfFields/surfPointFields/surfPointFields.C
 
 surfaceFormats = surfaceFormats
 $(surfaceFormats)/surfaceFormatsCore.C
@@ -22,11 +26,10 @@ $(surfaceFormats)/ftr/FTRsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/gts/GTSsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/nas/NASsurfaceFormatCore.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/nas/NASsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
-$(surfaceFormats)/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatCore.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
-$(surfaceFormats)/off/OFFsurfaceFormatCore.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/off/OFFsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
-$(surfaceFormats)/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.C
+$(surfaceFormats)/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatCore.C
+$(surfaceFormats)/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -37,6 +40,10 @@ $(surfaceFormats)/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatCore.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatCore.C
 $(surfaceFormats)/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+$(surfaceFormats)/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatCore.C
+$(surfaceFormats)/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+$(surfaceFormats)/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatCore.C
+$(surfaceFormats)/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
 
 LIB = $(FOAM_LIBBIN)/libsurfMesh
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurface.C b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurface.C
index b446f3c0ef..8bcab42089 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurface.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurface.C
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ License
 
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
-#include "IFstream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
+#include "mergePoints.H"
 #include "Time.H"
 #include "ListOps.H"
 #include "polyBoundaryMesh.H"
@@ -38,6 +38,13 @@ License
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+template<class Face>
+inline bool Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::isTri()
+{
+    return false;
+}
+
+
 template<class Face>
 Foam::wordHashSet Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::readTypes()
 {
@@ -61,21 +68,13 @@ bool Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::canReadType
     const bool verbose
 )
 {
-    // handle 'native' format directly
-    if (isNative(ext))
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return checkSupport
-        (
-            readTypes() | SiblingType::readTypes(),
-            ext,
-            verbose,
-            "reading"
-        );
-    }
+    return checkSupport
+    (
+        readTypes() | FriendType::readTypes(),
+        ext,
+        verbose,
+        "reading"
+   );
 }
 
 
@@ -86,13 +85,13 @@ bool Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::canWriteType
     const bool verbose
 )
 {
-    // handle 'native' format directly
-    if (isNative(ext))
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    return checkSupport(writeTypes(), ext, verbose, "writing");
+    return checkSupport
+    (
+        writeTypes() | ProxyType::writeTypes(),
+        ext,
+        verbose,
+        "writing"
+    );
 }
 
 
@@ -116,7 +115,7 @@ template<class Face>
 void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::write
 (
     const fileName& name,
-    const MeshedSurface& surf
+    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
     if (debug)
@@ -127,30 +126,36 @@ void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::write
             << endl;
     }
 
-    word ext = name.ext();
-
-    // handle 'native' format directly
-    if (isNative(ext))
-    {
-        surf.write(OFstream(name)());
-        return;
-    }
+    const word ext = name.ext();
 
     typename writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTable::iterator mfIter =
         writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTablePtr_->find(ext);
 
     if (mfIter == writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTablePtr_->end())
     {
-        FatalErrorIn
-        (
-            "MeshedSurface::write(const fileName&)"
-        )   << "Unknown file extension " << ext << nl << nl
-            << "Valid types are :" << endl
-            << writeTypes()
-            << exit(FatalError);
-    }
+        // no direct writer, delegate to proxy if possible
+        wordHashSet supported = ProxyType::writeTypes();
 
-    mfIter()(name, surf);
+        if (supported.found(ext))
+        {
+            MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(surf).write(name);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "MeshedSurface::write"
+                "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurface&)"
+            )   << "Unknown file extension " << ext << nl << nl
+                << "Valid types are :" << endl
+                << (supported | writeTypes())
+                << exit(FatalError);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        mfIter()(name, surf);
+    }
 }
 
 
@@ -158,36 +163,42 @@ void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::write
 
 template<class Face>
 Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface()
+:
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
 {}
 
 
 template<class Face>
 Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
 (
-    const Xfer<pointField>& pointLst,
-    const Xfer<List<Face> >& faceLst,
-    const Xfer<surfZoneList>& zoneLst
+    const Xfer< pointField >& pointLst,
+    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst,
+    const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zoneLst
 )
 :
-    ParentType(pointLst, faceLst),
-    zones_(zoneLst)
-{}
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField()),
+    zones_()
+{
+    reset(pointLst, faceLst, zoneLst);
+}
 
 
 template<class Face>
 Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
 (
-    const Xfer<pointField>& pointLst,
-    const Xfer<List<Face> >& faceLst,
+    const Xfer< pointField >& pointLst,
+    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst,
     const UList<label>& zoneSizes,
     const UList<word>& zoneNames
 )
 :
-    ParentType(pointLst, faceLst)
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
 {
-    if (&zoneSizes)
+    reset(pointLst, faceLst, Xfer<surfZoneList>());
+
+    if (zoneSizes.size())
     {
-        if (&zoneNames)
+        if (zoneNames.size())
         {
             addZones(zoneSizes, zoneNames);
         }
@@ -196,10 +207,58 @@ Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
             addZones(zoneSizes);
         }
     }
-    else
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
+(
+    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
+)
+:
+    ParentType(surf.faces(), surf.points()),
+    zones_(surf.surfZones())
+{}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
+(
+    const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
+)
+:
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), surf.points())
+{
+    labelList faceMap;
+    this->storedZones().transfer(surf.sortedZones(faceMap));
+
+    const List<Face>& origFaces = surf.faces();
+    List<Face> newFaces(origFaces.size());
+
+    // this is somewhat like ListOps reorder and/or IndirectList
+    forAll(newFaces, faceI)
     {
-        oneZone();
+        newFaces[faceI] = origFaces[faceMap[faceI]];
     }
+
+    this->storedFaces().transfer(newFaces);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface(const surfMesh& mesh)
+:
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
+{
+    // same face type as surfMesh
+    MeshedSurface<face> surf
+    (
+        xferCopy(mesh.points()),
+        xferCopy(mesh.faces()),
+        xferCopy(mesh.surfZones())
+    );
+
+    this->transcribe(surf);
 }
 
 
@@ -209,6 +268,8 @@ Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
     const polyBoundaryMesh& bMesh,
     const bool useGlobalPoints
 )
+:
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
 {
     const polyMesh& mesh = bMesh.mesh();
     const polyPatchList& bPatches = bMesh;
@@ -277,14 +338,56 @@ Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
 
 
 template<class Face>
-Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface(const surfMesh& mesh)
+Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
+(
+    const fileName& name,
+    const word& ext
+)
+:
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
 {
+    read(name, ext);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface(const fileName& name)
+:
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
+{
+    read(name);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
+(
+    const Time& t,
+    const word& surfName
+)
+:
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
+{
+    surfMesh mesh
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "dummyName",
+            t.timeName(),
+            t,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+            false
+        ),
+        surfName
+    );
+
     // same face type as surfMesh
     MeshedSurface<face> surf
     (
-        xferCopy(mesh.points()),
-        xferCopy(mesh.faces()),
-        xferCopy(mesh.surfZones())
+        xferMove(mesh.storedPoints()),
+        xferMove(mesh.storedFaces()),
+        xferMove(mesh.storedZones())
     );
 
     this->transcribe(surf);
@@ -294,78 +397,22 @@ Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface(const surfMesh& mesh)
 template<class Face>
 Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
 (
-    const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
+    const Xfer< UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> >& surf
 )
-{
-    labelList faceMap;
-    surfZoneList zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
-    zones_.transfer(zoneLst);
-
-    const List<Face>& origFaces = surf.faces();
-    List<Face> newFaces(origFaces.size());
-
-    // this is somewhat like ListOps reorder and/or IndirectList
-    forAll(newFaces, faceI)
-    {
-        newFaces[faceI] = origFaces[faceMap[faceI]];
-    }
-
-    reset(xferCopy(surf.points()), xferMove(newFaces));
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
-(
-    const fileName& name,
-    const word& ext
-)
-{
-    read(name, ext);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface(const fileName& name)
-{
-    read(name);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface(Istream& is)
-{
-    read(is);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface(const Time& d, const word& surfName)
-{
-    read(IFstream(findMeshFile(d, surfName))());
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface(const MeshedSurface& surf)
 :
-    ParentType(surf),
-    zones_(surf.zones_)
-{}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
-(
-    const Xfer<UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> >& surf
-)
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
 {
     transfer(surf());
 }
 
 
 template<class Face>
-Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface(const Xfer<MeshedSurface>& surf)
+Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::MeshedSurface
+(
+    const Xfer< MeshedSurface<Face> >& surf
+)
+:
+    ParentType(List<Face>(), pointField())
 {
     transfer(surf());
 }
@@ -384,115 +431,6 @@ Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::~MeshedSurface()
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::oneZone(const word& name)
-{
-    word zoneName(name);
-    if (zoneName.empty())
-    {
-        if (zones_.size())
-        {
-            zoneName = zones_[0].name();
-        }
-        if (zoneName.empty())
-        {
-            zoneName = "zone0";
-        }
-    }
-
-    // set single default zone
-    zones_.setSize(1);
-    zones_[0] = surfZone
-    (
-        zoneName,
-        this->size(),   // zone size
-        0,              // zone start
-        0               // zone index
-    );
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::checkZones()
-{
-    // extra safety, ensure we have at some zones
-    // and they cover all the faces - fix start silently
-    if (zones_.size() <= 1)
-    {
-        oneZone();
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        label count = 0;
-        forAll(zones_, zoneI)
-        {
-            zones_[zoneI].start() = count;
-            count += zones_[zoneI].size();
-        }
-
-        if (count < size())
-        {
-            WarningIn
-            (
-                "MeshedSurface::checkZones()\n"
-            )
-                << "more faces " << size() << " than zones " << count
-                << " ... extending final zone"
-                << endl;
-
-            zones_[zones_.size()-1].size() += count - size();
-        }
-        else if (count > size())
-        {
-            FatalErrorIn
-            (
-                "MeshedSurface::checkZones()\n"
-            )
-                << "more zones " << count << " than faces " << size()
-                << exit(FatalError);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::sortFacesAndStore
-(
-    const Xfer<List<Face> >& unsortedFaces,
-    const Xfer<List<label> >& zoneIds,
-    const bool sorted
-)
-{
-    List<Face>  oldFaces(unsortedFaces);
-    List<label> zones(zoneIds);
-
-    if (sorted)
-    {
-        // already sorted - simply transfer faces
-        this->storedFaces().transfer(oldFaces);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // unsorted - determine the sorted order:
-        // avoid SortableList since we discard the main list anyhow
-        List<label> faceMap;
-        sortedOrder(zones, faceMap);
-        zones.clear();
-
-        // sorted faces
-        List<Face> newFaces(faceMap.size());
-        forAll(faceMap, faceI)
-        {
-            // use transfer to recover memory if possible
-            newFaces[faceI].transfer(oldFaces[faceMap[faceI]]);
-        }
-        this->storedFaces().transfer(newFaces);
-
-    }
-    zones.clear();
-}
-
-
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::remapFaces
 (
@@ -502,22 +440,20 @@ void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::remapFaces
     // recalculate the zone start/size
     if (&faceMap && faceMap.size())
     {
-        if (zones_.empty())
-        {
-            oneZone();
-        }
-        else if (zones_.size() == 1)
+        surfZoneList& zones = storedZones();
+
+        if (zones.size() == 1)
         {
             // optimized for single zone case
-            zones_[0].size() = faceMap.size();
+            zones[0].size() = faceMap.size();
         }
-        else
+        else if (zones.size())
         {
             label newFaceI = 0;
             label origEndI = 0;
-            forAll(zones_, zoneI)
+            forAll(zones, zoneI)
             {
-                surfZone& zone = zones_[zoneI];
+                surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
 
                 // adjust zone start
                 zone.start() = newFaceI;
@@ -548,11 +484,472 @@ void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::remapFaces
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::clear()
 {
-    ParentType::clear();
-    zones_.clear();
+    ParentType::clearOut();
+
+    storedPoints().clear();
+    storedFaces().clear();
+    storedZones().clear();
 }
 
 
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::movePoints(const pointField& newPoints)
+{
+    // Remove all geometry dependent data
+    ParentType::clearTopology();
+
+    // Adapt for new point position
+    ParentType::movePoints(newPoints);
+
+    // Copy new points
+    storedPoints() = newPoints;
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::scalePoints(const scalar& scaleFactor)
+{
+    // avoid bad scaling
+    if (scaleFactor > 0 && scaleFactor != 1.0)
+    {
+        // Remove all geometry dependent data
+        ParentType::clearTopology();
+
+        // Adapt for new point position
+        ParentType::movePoints(pointField());
+
+        storedPoints() *= scaleFactor;
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::reset
+(
+    const Xfer< pointField >& pointLst,
+    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst,
+    const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zoneLst
+)
+{
+    ParentType::clearOut();
+
+    // Take over new primitive data.
+    // Optimized to avoid overwriting data at all
+    if (&pointLst)
+    {
+        storedPoints().transfer(pointLst());
+    }
+
+    if (&faceLst)
+    {
+        storedFaces().transfer(faceLst());
+    }
+
+    if (&zoneLst)
+    {
+        storedZones().transfer(zoneLst());
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::reset
+(
+    const Xfer< List<point> >& pointLst,
+    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst,
+    const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zoneLst
+)
+{
+    ParentType::clearOut();
+
+    // Take over new primitive data.
+    // Optimized to avoid overwriting data at all
+    if (&pointLst)
+    {
+        storedPoints().transfer(pointLst());
+    }
+
+    if (&faceLst)
+    {
+        storedFaces().transfer(faceLst());
+    }
+
+    if (&zoneLst)
+    {
+        storedZones().transfer(zoneLst());
+    }
+}
+
+
+// Remove badly degenerate faces, double faces.
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::cleanup(const bool verbose)
+{
+    // merge points (already done for STL, TRI)
+    stitchFaces(SMALL, verbose);
+
+    checkFaces(verbose);
+    this->checkTopology(verbose);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+bool Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::stitchFaces
+(
+    const scalar tol,
+    const bool verbose
+)
+{
+    pointField& pointLst = this->storedPoints();
+
+    // Merge points
+    labelList  pointMap(pointLst.size());
+    pointField newPoints(pointLst.size());
+
+    bool hasMerged = mergePoints(pointLst, tol, verbose, pointMap, newPoints);
+
+    if (!hasMerged)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (verbose)
+    {
+        Info<< "MeshedSurface::stitchFaces : Renumbering all faces"
+            << endl;
+    }
+
+    // Set the coordinates to the merged ones
+    pointLst.transfer(newPoints);
+
+    List<Face>& faceLst = this->storedFaces();
+
+    List<label> faceMap(faceLst.size());
+
+    // Reset the point labels to the unique points array
+    label newFaceI = 0;
+    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+    {
+        Face& f = faceLst[faceI];
+        forAll(f, fp)
+        {
+            f[fp] = pointMap[f[fp]];
+        }
+
+        // for extra safety: collapse face as well
+        if (f.collapse() >= 3)
+        {
+            if (newFaceI != faceI)
+            {
+                faceLst[newFaceI] = f;
+            }
+            faceMap[newFaceI] = faceI;
+            newFaceI++;
+        }
+        else if (verbose)
+        {
+            Pout<< "MeshedSurface::stitchFaces : "
+                << "Removing collapsed face " << faceI << endl
+                << "    vertices   :" << f << endl;
+        }
+    }
+    pointMap.clear();
+
+    if (newFaceI != faceLst.size())
+    {
+        if (verbose)
+        {
+            Pout<< "MeshedSurface::stitchFaces : "
+                << "Removed " << faceLst.size() - newFaceI
+                << " faces" << endl;
+        }
+        faceLst.setSize(newFaceI);
+        remapFaces(faceMap);
+    }
+    faceMap.clear();
+
+    // Merging points might have changed geometric factors
+    ParentType::clearOut();
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+// Remove badly degenerate faces and double faces.
+template<class Face>
+bool Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::checkFaces
+(
+    const bool verbose
+)
+{
+    bool changed = false;
+    List<Face>& faceLst = this->storedFaces();
+
+    List<label> faceMap(faceLst.size());
+
+    label newFaceI = 0;
+    // Detect badly labelled faces and mark degenerate faces
+    const label maxPointI = this->points().size() - 1;
+    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+    {
+        Face& f = faceLst[faceI];
+
+        // avoid degenerate faces
+        if (f.collapse() >= 3)
+        {
+            forAll(f, fp)
+            {
+                if (f[fp] < 0 || f[fp] > maxPointI)
+                {
+                    FatalErrorIn("MeshedSurface::checkFaces(bool)")
+                        << "face " << f
+                        << " uses point indices outside point range 0.."
+                    << maxPointI
+                        << exit(FatalError);
+                }
+            }
+
+            faceMap[faceI] = faceI;
+            newFaceI++;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // mark as bad face
+            faceMap[faceI] = -1;
+
+            changed = true;
+            if (verbose)
+            {
+                WarningIn
+                (
+                    "MeshedSurface::checkFaces(bool verbose)"
+                )   << "face[" << faceI << "] = " << f
+                    << " does not have three unique vertices" << endl;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Detect doubled faces
+    // do not touch the faces
+    const labelListList& fFaces = this->faceFaces();
+    newFaceI = 0;
+    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+    {
+        // skip already collapsed faces:
+        if (faceMap[faceI] < 0)
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        const Face& f = faceLst[faceI];
+
+        // duplicate face check
+        bool okay = true;
+        const labelList& neighbours = fFaces[faceI];
+
+        // Check if faceNeighbours use same points as this face.
+        // Note: discards normal information - sides of baffle are merged.
+        forAll(neighbours, neighI)
+        {
+            const label neiFaceI = neighbours[neighI];
+
+            if (neiFaceI <= faceI || faceMap[neiFaceI] < 0)
+            {
+                // lower numbered faces already checked
+                // skip neighbours that are themselves collapsed
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            const Face& nei = faceLst[neiFaceI];
+
+            if (f == nei)
+            {
+                okay = false;
+
+                if (verbose)
+                {
+                    WarningIn
+                    (
+                        "MeshedSurface::checkFaces(bool verbose)"
+                    )   << "faces share the same vertices:" << nl
+                        << "    face[" << faceI << "] : " << f << nl
+                        << "    face[" << neiFaceI << "] : " << nei << endl;
+                    // printFace(Warning, "    ", f, points());
+                    // printFace(Warning, "    ", nei, points());
+                }
+
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (okay)
+        {
+            faceMap[faceI] = faceI;
+            newFaceI++;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            faceMap[faceI] = -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Phase 1: pack
+    // Done to keep numbering constant in phase 1
+
+    if (changed || newFaceI < faceLst.size())
+    {
+        changed = true;
+
+        if (verbose)
+        {
+            WarningIn
+            (
+                "MeshedSurface::checkFaces(bool verbose)"
+            )   << "Removed " << faceLst.size() - newFaceI
+                << " illegal faces." << endl;
+        }
+
+        // compress the face list
+        newFaceI = 0;
+        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+        {
+            if (faceMap[faceI] >= 0)
+            {
+                if (newFaceI != faceI)
+                {
+                    faceLst[newFaceI] = faceLst[faceI];
+                }
+                faceMap[newFaceI] = faceI;
+                newFaceI++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        faceLst.setSize(newFaceI);
+        remapFaces(faceMap);
+    }
+    faceMap.clear();
+
+    // Topology can change because of renumbering
+    ParentType::clearOut();
+    return changed;
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::label Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::triangulate()
+{
+    return triangulate
+    (
+        const_cast<List<label>&>(List<label>::null())
+    );
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::label Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::triangulate
+(
+    List<label>& faceMapOut
+)
+{
+    label nTri = 0;
+    label maxTri = 0;  // the maximum number of triangles for any single face
+    List<Face>& faceLst = this->storedFaces();
+
+    // determine how many triangles will be needed
+    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+    {
+        const label n = faceLst[faceI].nTriangles();
+        if (maxTri < n)
+        {
+            maxTri = n;
+        }
+        nTri += n;
+    }
+
+    // nothing to do
+    if (nTri <= faceLst.size())
+    {
+        if (&faceMapOut)
+        {
+            faceMapOut.clear();
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    List<Face>  newFaces(nTri);
+    List<label> faceMap;
+
+    // reuse storage from optional faceMap
+    if (&faceMapOut)
+    {
+        faceMap.transfer(faceMapOut);
+    }
+    faceMap.setSize(nTri);
+
+    // remember the number of *additional* faces
+    nTri -= faceLst.size();
+
+    if (this->points().empty())
+    {
+        // triangulate without points
+        // simple face triangulation around f[0]
+        label newFaceI = 0;
+        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+        {
+            const Face& f = faceLst[faceI];
+
+            for (label fp = 1; fp < f.size() - 1; ++fp)
+            {
+                label fp1 = f.fcIndex(fp);
+
+                newFaces[newFaceI] = triFace(f[0], f[fp], f[fp1]);
+                faceMap[newFaceI] = faceI;
+                newFaceI++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // triangulate with points
+        List<face> tmpTri(maxTri);
+
+        label newFaceI = 0;
+        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+        {
+            // 'face' not '<Face>'
+            const face& f = faceLst[faceI];
+
+            label nTmp;
+            f.triangles(this->points(), nTmp, tmpTri);
+            for (label triI = 0; triI < nTmp; triI++)
+            {
+                newFaces[newFaceI] = Face
+                (
+                    static_cast<UList<label>&>(tmpTri[triI])
+                );
+                faceMap[newFaceI] = faceI;
+                newFaceI++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    faceLst.transfer(newFaces);
+    remapFaces(faceMap);
+
+    // optionally return the faceMap
+    if (&faceMapOut)
+    {
+        faceMapOut.transfer(faceMap);
+    }
+    faceMap.clear();
+
+    // Topology can change because of renumbering
+    ParentType::clearOut();
+    return nTri;
+}
+
+
+
+
 template<class Face>
 Foam::MeshedSurface<Face> Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::subsetMesh
 (
@@ -578,7 +975,7 @@ Foam::MeshedSurface<Face> Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::subsetMesh
     }
 
     // create/copy a new zones list, each zone with zero size
-    surfZoneList newZones(zones_);
+    surfZoneList newZones(this->surfZones());
     forAll(newZones, zoneI)
     {
         newZones[zoneI].size() = 0;
@@ -652,88 +1049,6 @@ Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::subsetMesh
 }
 
 
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::addZones
-(
-    const UList<surfZone>& zones,
-    const bool cullEmpty
-)
-{
-    label nZone = 0;
-
-    zones_.setSize(zones.size());
-    forAll(zones_, zoneI)
-    {
-        if (zones[zoneI].size() || !cullEmpty)
-        {
-            zones_[nZone] = surfZone(zones[zoneI], nZone);
-            nZone++;
-        }
-    }
-    zones_.setSize(nZone);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::addZones
-(
-    const UList<label>& sizes,
-    const UList<word>& names,
-    const bool cullEmpty
-)
-{
-    label start   = 0;
-    label nZone = 0;
-
-    zones_.setSize(sizes.size());
-    forAll(zones_, zoneI)
-    {
-        if (sizes[zoneI] || !cullEmpty)
-        {
-            zones_[nZone] = surfZone
-            (
-                names[zoneI],
-                sizes[zoneI],
-                start,
-                nZone
-            );
-            start += sizes[zoneI];
-            nZone++;
-        }
-    }
-    zones_.setSize(nZone);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::addZones
-(
-    const UList<label>& sizes,
-    const bool cullEmpty
-)
-{
-    label start   = 0;
-    label nZone = 0;
-
-    zones_.setSize(sizes.size());
-    forAll(zones_, zoneI)
-    {
-        if (sizes[zoneI] || !cullEmpty)
-        {
-            zones_[nZone] = surfZone
-            (
-                word("zone") + ::Foam::name(nZone),
-                sizes[zoneI],
-                start,
-                nZone
-            );
-            start += sizes[zoneI];
-            nZone++;
-        }
-    }
-    zones_.setSize(nZone);
-}
-
 
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::transfer
@@ -741,10 +1056,12 @@ void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::transfer
     MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    reset(xferMove(surf.storedPoints()), xferMove(surf.storedFaces()));
-    zones_.transfer(surf.zones_);
-
-    surf.clear();
+    reset
+    (
+        xferMove(surf.storedPoints()),
+        xferMove(surf.storedFaces()),
+        xferMove(surf.storedZones())
+    );
 }
 
 
@@ -758,18 +1075,35 @@ void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::transfer
 
     labelList faceMap;
     surfZoneList zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
-    List<Face>& oldFaces = surf.storedFaces();
 
-    List<Face> newFaces(faceMap.size());
-    forAll(faceMap, faceI)
+    if (zoneLst.size() <= 1)
     {
-        newFaces[faceI].transfer(oldFaces[faceMap[faceI]]);
+        reset
+        (
+            xferMove(surf.storedPoints()),
+            xferMove(surf.storedFaces()),
+            Xfer<surfZoneList>()
+        );
     }
+    else
+    {
+        List<Face>& oldFaces = surf.storedFaces();
+        List<Face> newFaces(faceMap.size());
+
+        forAll(faceMap, faceI)
+        {
+            newFaces[faceI].transfer(oldFaces[faceMap[faceI]]);
+        }
+
+        reset
+        (
+            xferMove(surf.storedPoints()),
+            xferMove(newFaces),
+            xferMove(zoneLst)
+        );
+    }
+
     faceMap.clear();
-
-    reset(xferMove(surf.storedPoints()), xferMove(newFaces));
-    zones_.transfer(zoneLst);
-
     surf.clear();
 }
 
@@ -807,24 +1141,22 @@ bool Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::read
     const word& ext
 )
 {
-    // handle 'native' format directly
-    if (isNative(ext))
-    {
-        return read(IFstream(name)());
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // use selector mechanism
-        transfer(New(name, ext)());
-        return true;
-    }
+    clear();
+
+    // read via selector mechanism
+    transfer(New(name, ext)());
+    return true;
 }
 
 
 template<class Face>
-void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::write(const Time& d, const word& surfName) const
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::write
+(
+    const Time& t,
+    const word& surfName
+) const
 {
-    write(OFstream(findMeshFile(d, surfName))());
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this).write(t, surfName);
 }
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -836,7 +1168,20 @@ void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::operator=(const MeshedSurface& surf)
 
     this->storedPoints() = surf.points();
     this->storedFaces()  = surf.faces();
-    zones_ = surf.zones_;
+    this->storedZones()  = surf.surfZones();
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::operator
+Foam::MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>() const
+{
+    return MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>
+    (
+        this->points(),
+        this->faces(),
+        this->surfZones()
+    );
 }
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Friend Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -845,6 +1190,7 @@ void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::operator=(const MeshedSurface& surf)
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+#include "MeshedSurfaceZones.C"
 #include "MeshedSurfaceIO.C"
 #include "MeshedSurfaceNew.C"
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurface.H b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurface.H
index a3e8ed5758..5677233e0b 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurface.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurface.H
@@ -26,15 +26,19 @@ Class
     Foam::MeshedSurface
 
 Description
-    A surface geometry mesh with zone information, not to be confused
-    with a similarily named surfaceMesh, which actually refers to
-    the cell faces of a volume mesh.
+    A surface geometry mesh with zone information, not to be confused with
+    the similarly named surfaceMesh, which actually refers to the cell faces
+    of a volume mesh.
 
-   The MeshedSurface is intended for surfaces from a variety of sources.
-   - A set of points and faces without any surface zone information.
-   - A set of points and faces with randomly ordered zone information.
-     This could arise, for example, from reading external file formats
-     such as STL, etc.
+    A MeshedSurface can have zero or more surface zones (roughly equivalent
+    to faceZones for a polyMesh). If surface zones are defined, they must
+    be contiguous and cover all of the faces.
+
+    The MeshedSurface is intended for surfaces from a variety of sources.
+    - A set of points and faces without any surface zone information.
+    - A set of points and faces with randomly ordered zone information.
+      This could arise, for example, from reading external file formats
+      such as STL, etc.
 
 SourceFiles
     MeshedSurface.C
@@ -44,7 +48,12 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef MeshedSurface_H
 #define MeshedSurface_H
 
-#include "BasicMeshedSurface.H"
+#include "PrimitivePatch.H"
+#include "PatchTools.H"
+#include "pointField.H"
+#include "face.H"
+#include "triFace.H"
+
 #include "surfZoneList.H"
 #include "surfaceFormatsCore.H"
 #include "runTimeSelectionTables.H"
@@ -60,14 +69,11 @@ namespace Foam
 
 class Time;
 class surfMesh;
-template<class Face> class MeshedSurface;
-template<class Face> class UnsortedMeshedSurface;
-
 class polyBoundaryMesh;
-class surfMesh;
 
-template<class Face>
-Ostream& operator<<(Ostream&, const MeshedSurface<Face>&);
+template<class Face> class MeshedSurface;
+template<class Face> class MeshedSurfaceProxy;
+template<class Face> class UnsortedMeshedSurface;
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
                       Class MeshedSurface Declaration
@@ -76,24 +82,29 @@ Ostream& operator<<(Ostream&, const MeshedSurface<Face>&);
 template<class Face>
 class MeshedSurface
 :
-    public BasicMeshedSurface<Face>,
+    public PrimitivePatch<Face, ::Foam::List, pointField, point>,
     public fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore
 {
-    // friends despite different faces
-    template<class Face2>
-    friend class MeshedSurface;
-
-    // friends despite different faces
-    template<class Face2>
-    friend class UnsortedMeshedSurface;
-
+    // friends - despite different face representationsx
+    template<class Face2> friend class MeshedSurface;
+    template<class Face2> friend class UnsortedMeshedSurface;
     friend class surfMesh;
 
 private:
 
     //- Private typedefs for convenience
-        typedef BasicMeshedSurface<Face> ParentType;
-        typedef UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>  SiblingType;
+
+        typedef PrimitivePatch
+        <
+            Face,
+            ::Foam::List,
+            pointField,
+            point
+        >
+        ParentType;
+
+        typedef UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>  FriendType;
+        typedef MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>     ProxyType;
 
     // Private Member Data
 
@@ -101,21 +112,31 @@ private:
         // (face ordering nFaces/startFace only used during reading/writing)
         List<surfZone> zones_;
 
+
     // Private member functions
 
-        //- Read OpenFOAM Surface format
-        bool read(Istream&);
-
-        //- Transfer points/zones and transcribe face -> triFace
-        void transcribe(MeshedSurface<face>&);
-
 protected:
 
     // Protected Member functions
 
+        //- Transfer points/zones and transcribe face -> triFace
+        void transcribe(MeshedSurface<face>&);
+
         //- basic sanity check on zones
         void checkZones();
 
+        //- Non-const access to global points
+        pointField& storedPoints()
+        {
+            return const_cast<pointField&>(ParentType::points());
+        }
+
+        //- Non-const access to the faces
+        List<Face>& storedFaces()
+        {
+            return static_cast<List<Face> &>(*this);
+        }
+
         //- Non-const access to the zones
         surfZoneList& storedZones()
         {
@@ -125,8 +146,8 @@ protected:
         //- sort faces by zones and store sorted faces
         void sortFacesAndStore
         (
-            const Xfer<List<Face> >& unsortedFaces,
-            const Xfer<List<label> >& zoneIds,
+            const Xfer< List<Face> >& unsortedFaces,
+            const Xfer< List<label> >& zoneIds,
             const bool sorted
         );
 
@@ -140,6 +161,9 @@ public:
 
     // Static
 
+        //- Face storage only handles triangulated faces
+        inline static bool isTri();
+
         //- Can we read this file format?
         static bool canRead(const fileName&, const bool verbose=false);
 
@@ -160,21 +184,27 @@ public:
         //- Construct by transferring components (points, faces, zones).
         MeshedSurface
         (
-            const Xfer<pointField>&,
-            const Xfer<List<Face> >&,
-            const Xfer<surfZoneList>&
+            const Xfer< pointField >&,
+            const Xfer< List<Face> >&,
+            const Xfer< surfZoneList >&
         );
 
-        //- Construct by transferring points, faces.
-        //  Use zone information, or set single default zone.
+        //- Construct by transferring components (points, faces).
+        //  Use zone information if available
         MeshedSurface
         (
-            const Xfer<pointField>&,
-            const Xfer<List<Face> >&,
-            const UList<label>& zoneSizes = UList<label>::null(),
-            const UList<word>& zoneNames = UList<word>::null()
+            const Xfer< pointField >&,
+            const Xfer< List<Face> >&,
+            const UList<label>& zoneSizes = UList<label>(),
+            const UList<word>& zoneNames = UList<word>()
         );
 
+        //- Construct as copy
+        MeshedSurface(const MeshedSurface&);
+
+        //- Construct from a UnsortedMeshedSurface
+        MeshedSurface(const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
+
         //- Construct from a boundary mesh with local points/faces
         MeshedSurface
         (
@@ -182,9 +212,6 @@ public:
             const bool globalPoints=false
         );
 
-        //- Construct from a UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        MeshedSurface(const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
-
         //- Construct from a surfMesh
         MeshedSurface(const surfMesh&);
 
@@ -200,15 +227,9 @@ public:
         //- Construct from file name (uses extension to determine type)
         MeshedSurface(const fileName&, const word& ext);
 
-        //- Construct from Istream
-        MeshedSurface(Istream&);
-
-        //- Construct from objectRegistry
+        //- Construct from database
         MeshedSurface(const Time&, const word& surfName="");
 
-        //- Construct as copy
-        MeshedSurface(const MeshedSurface&);
-
     // Declare run-time constructor selection table
 
         declareRunTimeSelectionTable
@@ -244,7 +265,7 @@ public:
         declareMemberFunctionSelectionTable
         (
             void,
-            MeshedSurface,
+            UnsortedMeshedSurface,
             write,
             fileExtension,
             (
@@ -268,41 +289,98 @@ public:
             return ParentType::size();
         }
 
-        const List<surfZone>& zones() const
+        //- Return const access to the faces
+        inline const List<Face>& faces() const
+        {
+            return static_cast<const List<Face> &>(*this);
+        }
+
+        //- Const access to the surface zones.
+        //  If zones are defined, they must be contiguous and cover the entire
+        //  surface.
+        const List<surfZone>& surfZones() const
         {
             return zones_;
         }
 
-        //- set a single zone, optionally with a specific name
-        void oneZone(const word& name = word::null);
-
-        //- Add zones
-        void addZones
+        //- Add surface zones
+        virtual void addZones
         (
             const UList<surfZone>&,
             const bool cullEmpty=false
         );
 
-        //- Add zones
-        void addZones
+        //- Add surface zones
+        virtual void addZones
         (
             const UList<label>& sizes,
             const UList<word>& names,
             const bool cullEmpty=false
         );
 
-        //- Add zones
-        void addZones
+        //- Add surface zones
+        virtual void addZones
         (
             const UList<label>& sizes,
             const bool cullEmpty=false
         );
 
+        //- Remove surface zones
+        virtual void removeZones();
+
+
     // Edit
 
         //- Clear all storage
         virtual void clear();
 
+        //- Move points
+        virtual void movePoints(const pointField&);
+
+        //- Scale points. A non-positive factor is ignored
+        virtual void scalePoints(const scalar&);
+
+        //- Reset primitive data (points, faces and zones)
+        //  Note, optimized to avoid overwriting data (with Xfer::null)
+        virtual void reset
+        (
+            const Xfer< pointField >& points,
+            const Xfer< List<Face> >& faces,
+            const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+        );
+
+        //- Reset primitive data (points, faces and zones)
+        //  Note, optimized to avoid overwriting data (with Xfer::null)
+        virtual void reset
+        (
+            const Xfer< List<point> >& points,
+            const Xfer< List<Face> >& faces,
+            const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+        );
+
+        //- Remove invalid faces
+        virtual void cleanup(const bool verbose);
+
+        virtual bool stitchFaces
+        (
+            const scalar tol=SMALL,
+            const bool verbose=false
+        );
+
+        virtual bool checkFaces
+        (
+            const bool verbose=false
+        );
+
+        //- Triangulate in-place, returning the number of triangles added
+        virtual label triangulate();
+
+        //- Triangulate in-place, returning the number of triangles added
+        //  and setting a map of original face Ids.
+        //  The faceMap is zero-sized when no triangulation was done.
+        virtual label triangulate(List<label>& faceMap);
+
+
         //- Return new surface.
         //  Returns return pointMap, faceMap from subsetMeshMap
         MeshedSurface subsetMesh
@@ -338,8 +416,7 @@ public:
 
     // Write
 
-        //- Write to Ostream in simple FOAM format
-        virtual void write(Ostream&) const;
+        void writeStats(Ostream& os) const;
 
         //- Generic write routine. Chooses writer based on extension.
         virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
@@ -355,17 +432,40 @@ public:
 
         void operator=(const MeshedSurface<Face>&);
 
-    // Ostream Operator
+        //- Conversion operator to MeshedSurfaceProxy
+        operator MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>() const;
 
-        friend Ostream& operator<<
-        <Face>
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
 };
 
 
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+//- Specialization for holding triangulated information
+template<>
+inline bool MeshedSurface<triFace>::isTri()
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+//- Specialization for holding triangulated information
+template<>
+inline label MeshedSurface<triFace>::triangulate()
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+//- Specialization for holding triangulated information
+template<>
+inline label MeshedSurface<triFace>::triangulate(List<label>& faceMap)
+{
+    if (&faceMap)
+    {
+        faceMap.clear();
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 } // End namespace Foam
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceCore.C b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceCore.C
index 6a95b18b4a..1ad36955bd 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceCore.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceCore.C
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ namespace Foam
         // first triangulate
         surf.triangulate();
         this->storedPoints().transfer(surf.storedPoints());
-        zones_.transfer(surf.zones_);
+        this->storedZones().transfer(surf.storedZones());
 
         // transcribe from face -> triFace
         List<face>&    origFaces = surf.storedFaces();
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceIO.C b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceIO.C
index 5beb33b045..93069a5d8c 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceIO.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceIO.C
@@ -25,117 +25,44 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
-#include "IFstream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
+#include "boundBox.H"
+#include "Ostream.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-// Read surf grouping, points, faces directly from Istream
 template<class Face>
-bool Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::read(Istream& is)
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::writeStats(Ostream& os) const
 {
-    clear();
-
-    List<surfZone> newZones(is);
-
-    // copy and set the indices
-    zones_.setSize(newZones.size());
-    forAll(newZones, zoneI)
+    os  << "points      : " << this->points().size() << nl;
+    if (MeshedSurface<Face>::isTri())
     {
-        zones_[zoneI] = surfZone
-        (
-            newZones[zoneI],
-            zoneI
-        );
-    }
-
-    // read points:
-    is >> this->storedPoints();
-
-    // must triangulate?
-    if (this->isTri())
-    {
-        List<face> faceLst(is);
-
-        MeshedSurface<face> surf;
-        surf.reset
-        (
-            Xfer<pointField>::null(),
-            faceLst.xfer()
-        );
-        surf.addZones(zones_);
-
-        // this will break if the triangulation needed points
-        surf.triangulate();
-        zones_ = surf.zones();
-
-        // transcribe from face -> triFace (Face)
-        const List<face>& origFaces = surf.faces();
-        List<Face>  newFaces(origFaces.size());
-        forAll(origFaces, faceI)
-        {
-            newFaces[faceI] = Face
-            (
-                static_cast<const UList<label>&>(origFaces[faceI])
-            );
-        }
-        surf.clear();
-
-        this->storedFaces().transfer(newFaces);
+        os << "triangles   : " << this->size() << nl;
     }
     else
     {
-        // read faces:
-        is >> this->storedFaces();
+        label nTri = 0;
+        label nQuad = 0;
+        forAll(*this, i)
+        {
+            const label n = this->operator[](i).size();
+
+            if (n == 3)
+            {
+                nTri++;
+            }
+            else if (n == 4)
+            {
+                nQuad++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        os  << "faces       : " << this->size()
+            << "  (tri:" << nTri << " quad:" << nQuad
+            << " poly:" << (this->size() - nTri - nQuad ) << ")" << nl;
     }
 
-    return is.good();
+    os  << "boundingBox : " << boundBox(this->points()) << endl;
 }
 
 
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::write(Ostream& os) const
-{
-    // just emit some information until we get a nice IOobject
-    IOobject::writeBanner(os);
-    os  << "// OpenFOAM Surface Format" << nl
-        << "// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~" << nl
-        << "// zones:" << nl
-        << zones_.size() << nl << token::BEGIN_LIST << incrIndent << nl;
-
-    forAll(zones_, zoneI)
-    {
-        zones_[zoneI].writeDict(os);
-    }
-    os  << decrIndent << token::END_LIST << nl;
-
-    IOobject::writeDivider(os);
-
-    // Note: Write with global point numbering
-    os  << "\n// points:" << nl << this->points() << nl;
-
-    IOobject::writeDivider(os);
-    os  << "\n// faces:"  << nl << this->faces() << nl;
-
-    IOobject::writeDivider(os);
-
-    // Check state of Ostream
-    os.check("MeshedSurface::write(Ostream&)");
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * IOstream Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::Ostream& Foam::operator<<
-(
-    Ostream& os,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    surf.write(os);
-    return os;
-}
-
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceNew.C b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceNew.C
index 0655274f99..bdaae876a1 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceNew.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceNew.C
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ License
 
 
 template<class Face>
-Foam::autoPtr<Foam::MeshedSurface<Face> >
+Foam::autoPtr< Foam::MeshedSurface<Face> >
 Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::New(const fileName& name, const word& ext)
 {
     if (debug)
@@ -47,19 +47,18 @@ Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::New(const fileName& name, const word& ext)
     if (cstrIter == fileExtensionConstructorTablePtr_->end())
     {
         // no direct reader, delegate if possible
-        wordHashSet supported = SiblingType::readTypes();
+        wordHashSet supported = FriendType::readTypes();
         if (supported.found(ext))
         {
             // create indirectly
-            autoPtr<MeshedSurface<Face> > surf(new MeshedSurface<Face>);
-            surf().transfer(SiblingType::New(name, ext)());
+            autoPtr< MeshedSurface<Face> > surf(new MeshedSurface<Face>);
+            surf().transfer(FriendType::New(name, ext)());
 
             return surf;
         }
 
         // nothing left to try, issue error
         supported += readTypes();
-        supported.insert(nativeExt);
 
         FatalErrorIn
         (
@@ -71,12 +70,12 @@ Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::New(const fileName& name, const word& ext)
             << exit(FatalError);
     }
 
-    return autoPtr<MeshedSurface<Face> >(cstrIter()(name));
+    return autoPtr< MeshedSurface<Face> >(cstrIter()(name));
 }
 
 
 template<class Face>
-Foam::autoPtr<Foam::MeshedSurface<Face> >
+Foam::autoPtr< Foam::MeshedSurface<Face> >
 Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::New(const fileName& name)
 {
     word ext = name.ext();
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceZones.C b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceZones.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a31e8d6314
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurface/MeshedSurfaceZones.C
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "MeshedSurface.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::checkZones()
+{
+    // extra safety, ensure we have at some zones
+    // and they cover all the faces - fix start silently
+    surfZoneList& zones = this->storedZones();
+    if (zones.size())
+    {
+        label count = 0;
+        forAll(zones, zoneI)
+        {
+            zones[zoneI].start() = count;
+            count += zones[zoneI].size();
+        }
+
+        if (count < this->size())
+        {
+            WarningIn
+            (
+                "MeshedSurface::checkZones()\n"
+            )
+                << "more faces " << this->size() << " than zones " << count
+                << " ... extending final zone"
+                << endl;
+
+            zones[zones.size()-1].size() += count - this->size();
+        }
+        else if (count > this->size())
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "MeshedSurface::checkZones()\n"
+            )
+                << "more zones " << count << " than faces " << this->size()
+                << exit(FatalError);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::sortFacesAndStore
+(
+    const Xfer< List<Face> >& unsortedFaces,
+    const Xfer< List<label> >& zoneIds,
+    const bool sorted
+)
+{
+    List<Face>  oldFaces(unsortedFaces);
+    List<label> zones(zoneIds);
+
+    if (sorted)
+    {
+        // already sorted - simply transfer faces
+        this->storedFaces().transfer(oldFaces);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // unsorted - determine the sorted order:
+        // avoid SortableList since we discard the main list anyhow
+        List<label> faceMap;
+        sortedOrder(zones, faceMap);
+        zones.clear();
+
+        // sorted faces
+        List<Face> newFaces(faceMap.size());
+        forAll(faceMap, faceI)
+        {
+            // use transfer to recover memory where possible
+            newFaces[faceI].transfer(oldFaces[faceMap[faceI]]);
+        }
+        this->storedFaces().transfer(newFaces);
+    }
+    zones.clear();
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::addZones
+(
+    const UList<surfZone>& srfZones,
+    const bool cullEmpty
+)
+{
+    label nZone = 0;
+
+    surfZoneList& zones = this->storedZones();
+    zones.setSize(zones.size());
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
+    {
+        if (srfZones[zoneI].size() || !cullEmpty)
+        {
+            zones[nZone] = surfZone(srfZones[zoneI], nZone);
+            nZone++;
+        }
+    }
+    zones.setSize(nZone);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::addZones
+(
+    const UList<label>& sizes,
+    const UList<word>& names,
+    const bool cullEmpty
+)
+{
+    label start   = 0;
+    label nZone = 0;
+
+    surfZoneList& zones = this->storedZones();
+    zones.setSize(sizes.size());
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
+    {
+        if (sizes[zoneI] || !cullEmpty)
+        {
+            zones[nZone] = surfZone
+            (
+                names[zoneI],
+                sizes[zoneI],
+                start,
+                nZone
+            );
+            start += sizes[zoneI];
+            nZone++;
+        }
+    }
+    zones.setSize(nZone);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::addZones
+(
+    const UList<label>& sizes,
+    const bool cullEmpty
+)
+{
+    label start   = 0;
+    label nZone = 0;
+
+    surfZoneList& zones = this->storedZones();
+    zones.setSize(sizes.size());
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
+    {
+        if (sizes[zoneI] || !cullEmpty)
+        {
+            zones[nZone] = surfZone
+            (
+                word("zone") + ::Foam::name(nZone),
+                sizes[zoneI],
+                start,
+                nZone
+            );
+            start += sizes[zoneI];
+            nZone++;
+        }
+    }
+    zones.setSize(nZone);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurface<Face>::removeZones()
+{
+    this->storedZones().clear();
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceAllocator/MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.C b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceAllocator/MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abe193ce73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceAllocator/MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.C
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+
+Foam::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator
+(
+    const IOobject& ioPoints,
+    const IOobject& ioFaces,
+    const IOobject& ioZones
+)
+:
+    points_(ioPoints),
+    faces_(ioFaces),
+    zones_(ioZones)
+{}
+
+
+Foam::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator
+(
+    const IOobject& ioPoints,
+    const pointField& points,
+    const IOobject& ioFaces,
+    const faceList& faces,
+    const IOobject& ioZones,
+    const surfZoneList& zones
+)
+:
+    points_(ioPoints, points),
+    faces_(ioFaces, faces),
+    zones_(ioZones, zones)
+{}
+
+
+Foam::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator
+(
+    const IOobject& ioPoints,
+    const Xfer< pointField >& points,
+    const IOobject& ioFaces,
+    const Xfer< faceList >& faces,
+    const IOobject& ioZones,
+    const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+)
+:
+    points_(ioPoints, points),
+    faces_(ioFaces, faces),
+    zones_(ioZones, zones)
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator::clear()
+{
+    points_.clear();
+    faces_.clear();
+    zones_.clear();
+}
+
+
+void Foam::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator::resetFaces
+(
+    const Xfer< List<face> >& faces,
+    const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+)
+{
+    if (&faces)
+    {
+        faces_.transfer(faces());
+    }
+
+    if (&zones)
+    {
+        zones_.transfer(zones());
+    }
+}
+
+
+void Foam::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator::reset
+(
+    const Xfer< pointField >& points,
+    const Xfer< faceList >& faces,
+    const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+)
+{
+    // Take over new primitive data.
+    // Optimized to avoid overwriting data at all
+    if (&points)
+    {
+        points_.transfer(points());
+    }
+
+    resetFaces(faces, zones);
+}
+
+
+void Foam::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator::reset
+(
+    const Xfer< List<point> >& points,
+    const Xfer< faceList >& faces,
+    const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+)
+{
+    // Take over new primitive data.
+    // Optimized to avoid overwriting data at all
+    if (&points)
+    {
+        points_.transfer(points());
+    }
+
+    resetFaces(faces, zones);
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceAllocator/MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.H b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceAllocator/MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3b6d5ff6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceAllocator/MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.H
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator
+
+Description
+    A helper class for storing points, faces and zones with IO capabilities.
+
+SourceFiles
+    MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator_H
+#define MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator_H
+
+#include "pointIOField.H"
+#include "faceIOList.H"
+#include "surfZoneIOList.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                  Class MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+//- A helper class for storing points, faces and zones
+class MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Points
+        pointIOField   points_;
+
+        //- Faces
+        faceIOList     faces_;
+
+        //- Surface zones
+        surfZoneIOList zones_;
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
+        MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator(const MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator&);
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
+        void operator=(const MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator&);
+
+public:
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Read construct from IOobjects
+        MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator
+        (
+            const IOobject& ioPoints,
+            const IOobject& ioFaces,
+            const IOobject& ioZones
+        );
+
+        //- Construct from IOobjects, copying components
+        MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator
+        (
+            const IOobject& ioPoints,
+            const pointField& points,
+            const IOobject& ioFaces,
+            const faceList& faces,
+            const IOobject& ioZones,
+            const surfZoneList& zones
+        );
+
+        //- Construct from IOobjects, possibly transferring components
+        MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator
+        (
+            const IOobject& ioPoints,
+            const Xfer< pointField >& points,
+            const IOobject& ioFaces,
+            const Xfer< faceList >& faces,
+            const IOobject& ioZones,
+            const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+        );
+
+    // Destructor
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        // Access
+
+            //- Non-const access to the points
+            pointIOField& storedIOPoints()
+            {
+                return points_;
+            }
+
+            //- Non-const access to the faces
+            faceIOList& storedIOFaces()
+            {
+                return faces_;
+            }
+
+            //- Non-const access to the zones
+            surfZoneIOList& storedIOZones()
+            {
+                return zones_;
+            }
+
+            //- Const access to the points
+            const pointIOField& storedIOPoints() const
+            {
+                return points_;
+            }
+
+            //- Const access to the faces
+            const faceIOList& storedIOFaces() const
+            {
+                return faces_;
+            }
+
+            //- Const access to the zones
+            const surfZoneIOList& storedIOZones() const
+            {
+                return zones_;
+            }
+
+
+        //  Storage management
+
+            //- Clear primitive data (points, faces and zones)
+            void clear();
+
+            //- Reset primitive data (points, faces and zones)
+            //  Note, optimized to avoid overwriting data (with Xfer::null)
+            void resetFaces
+            (
+                const Xfer< faceList >& faces,
+                const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+            );
+
+            //- Reset primitive data (points, faces and zones)
+            //  Note, optimized to avoid overwriting data (with Xfer::null)
+            void reset
+            (
+                const Xfer< pointField >& points,
+                const Xfer< faceList >& faces,
+                const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+            );
+
+            //- Reset primitive data (points, faces and zones)
+            //  Note, optimized to avoid overwriting data (with Xfer::null)
+            void reset
+            (
+                const Xfer< List<point> >& points,
+                const Xfer< faceList >& faces,
+                const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones
+            );
+
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxy.C b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxy.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9ba96704b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxy.C
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
+
+#include "Time.H"
+#include "surfMesh.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
+#include "ListOps.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::wordHashSet Foam::MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>::writeTypes()
+{
+    return wordHashSet(*writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTablePtr_);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+bool Foam::MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>::canWriteType
+(
+    const word& ext,
+    const bool verbose
+)
+{
+    return checkSupport(writeTypes(), ext, verbose, "writing");
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>::write
+(
+    const fileName& name,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy& surf
+)
+{
+    if (debug)
+    {
+        Info<< "MeshedSurfaceProxy::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy&) : "
+            "writing to " << name
+            << endl;
+    }
+
+    word ext = name.ext();
+
+    typename writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTable::iterator mfIter =
+        writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTablePtr_->find(ext);
+
+    if (mfIter == writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTablePtr_->end())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "MeshedSurfaceProxy::write(const fileName&)"
+        )   << "Unknown file extension " << ext << nl << nl
+            << "Valid types are :" << endl
+            << writeTypes()
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    mfIter()(name, surf);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>::write
+(
+    const Time& t,
+    const word& surfName
+) const
+{
+    // the surface name to be used
+    word name(surfName.size() ? surfName : surfaceRegistry::defaultName);
+
+    if (debug)
+    {
+        Info<< "MeshedSurfaceProxy::write"
+            "(const Time&, const word&) : "
+            "writing to " << name
+            << endl;
+    }
+
+
+    // the local location
+    const fileName objectDir
+    (
+        t.timePath()/surfaceRegistry::prefix/name/surfMesh::meshSubDir
+    );
+
+    if (!isDir(objectDir))
+    {
+        mkDir(objectDir);
+    }
+
+
+    // write surfMesh/points
+    {
+        pointIOField io
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "points",
+                t.timeName(),
+                surfMesh::meshSubDir,
+                t,
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+                false
+            )
+        );
+
+        OFstream os
+        (
+            objectDir/io.name(),
+            t.writeFormat(),
+            IOstream::currentVersion,
+            t.writeCompression()
+        );
+
+        io.writeHeader(os);
+
+        os  << this->points();
+
+        io.writeEndDivider(os);
+    }
+
+
+    // write surfMesh/faces
+    {
+        faceIOList io
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "faces",
+                t.timeName(),
+                surfMesh::meshSubDir,
+                t,
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+                false
+            )
+        );
+
+        OFstream os
+        (
+            objectDir/io.name(),
+            t.writeFormat(),
+            IOstream::currentVersion,
+            t.writeCompression()
+        );
+        io.writeHeader(os);
+
+        if (this->useFaceMap())
+        {
+            // this is really a bit annoying (and wasteful) but no other way
+            os  << reorder(this->faceMap(), this->faces());
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            os  << this->faces();
+        }
+
+        io.writeEndDivider(os);
+    }
+
+
+    // write surfMesh/surfZones
+    {
+        surfZoneIOList io
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "surfZones",
+                t.timeName(),
+                surfMesh::meshSubDir,
+                t,
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+                false
+            )
+        );
+
+        // write as ascii
+        OFstream os(objectDir/io.name());
+        io.writeHeader(os);
+
+        os  << this->surfZones();
+
+        io.writeEndDivider(os);
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>::MeshedSurfaceProxy
+(
+    const pointField& pointLst,
+    const List<Face>& faceLst,
+    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst,
+    const List<label>& faceMap
+)
+:
+    points_(pointLst),
+    faces_(faceLst),
+    zones_(zoneLst),
+    faceMap_(faceMap)
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>::~MeshedSurfaceProxy()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Friend Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * IOstream Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxy.H b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxy.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..64fc7c4fcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxy.H
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::MeshedSurfaceProxy
+
+Description
+    A proxy for writing MeshedSurface, UnsortedMeshedSurface and surfMesh
+    to various file formats.
+
+SourceFiles
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy.C
+    MeshedSurfaceProxyCore.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef MeshedSurfaceProxy_H
+#define MeshedSurfaceProxy_H
+
+#include "pointField.H"
+#include "face.H"
+#include "triFace.H"
+
+#include "surfZoneList.H"
+#include "surfaceFormatsCore.H"
+#include "runTimeSelectionTables.H"
+#include "memberFunctionSelectionTables.H"
+#include "HashSet.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+// Forward declaration of friend functions and operators
+
+template<class Face> class MeshedSurface;
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                     Class MeshedSurfaceProxy Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+template<class Face>
+class MeshedSurfaceProxy
+:
+    public fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore
+{
+    //- Private data
+
+        const pointField& points_;
+
+        const List<Face>& faces_;
+
+        const List<surfZone>& zones_;
+
+        const List<label>& faceMap_;
+
+public:
+
+        //- Runtime type information
+        ClassName("MeshedSurfaceProxy");
+
+    // Static
+
+        //- The file format types that can be written via MeshedSurfaceProxy
+        static wordHashSet writeTypes();
+
+        //- Can this file format type be written via MeshedSurfaceProxy?
+        static bool canWriteType(const word& ext, const bool verbose=false);
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from component references
+        MeshedSurfaceProxy
+        (
+            const pointField&,
+            const List<Face>&,
+            const List<surfZone>& = List<surfZone>(),
+            const List<label>& faceMap = List<label>()
+        );
+
+    // Destructor
+
+        virtual ~MeshedSurfaceProxy();
+
+
+    // Member Function Selectors
+
+        declareMemberFunctionSelectionTable
+        (
+            void,
+            MeshedSurfaceProxy,
+            write,
+            fileExtension,
+            (
+                const fileName& name,
+                const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
+            ),
+            (name, surf)
+        );
+
+        //- Write to file
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+    // Access
+
+        //- Return const access to the points
+        inline const pointField& points() const
+        {
+            return points_;
+        }
+
+        //- Return const access to the faces
+        inline const List<Face>& faces() const
+        {
+            return faces_;
+        }
+
+        //- Const access to the surface zones.
+        //  If zones are defined, they must be contiguous and cover the entire
+        //  surface.
+        inline const List<surfZone>& surfZones() const
+        {
+            return zones_;
+        }
+
+        //- Const access to the faceMap, zero-sized when unused
+        inline const List<label>& faceMap() const
+        {
+            return faceMap_;
+        }
+
+        //- Use faceMap?
+        inline bool useFaceMap() const
+        {
+            return faceMap_.size() == faces_.size();
+        }
+
+    // Write
+
+        //- Generic write routine. Chooses writer based on extension.
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
+        {
+            write(name, *this);
+        }
+
+        //- Write to database
+        virtual void write(const Time&, const word& surfName = "") const;
+
+    //??        void writeStats(Ostream& os) const;
+
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#ifdef NoRepository
+#   include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.C"
+#endif
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxyCore.C b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxyCore.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41b360fd3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/MeshedSurfaceProxy/MeshedSurfaceProxyCore.C
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#define makeSurface(surfType, faceType)                                       \
+    defineNamedTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(surfType<faceType>, 0);               \
+    defineTemplatedMemberFunctionSelectionTable(surfType,write,fileExtension,faceType);
+
+
+makeSurface(MeshedSurfaceProxy, face)
+makeSurface(MeshedSurfaceProxy, triFace)
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurface.C b/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurface.C
index f74ccdae0b..881f73ebae 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurface.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurface.C
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ License
 
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "IFstream.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
 #include "Time.H"
@@ -57,21 +58,13 @@ bool Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::canReadType
     const bool verbose
 )
 {
-    // handle 'native' format directly
-    if (isNative(ext))
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        return checkSupport
-        (
-            readTypes() | SiblingType::readTypes(),
-            ext,
-            verbose,
-            "reading"
-        );
-    }
+   return checkSupport
+   (
+       readTypes() | ParentType::readTypes(),
+       ext,
+       verbose,
+       "reading"
+   );
 }
 
 
@@ -82,13 +75,13 @@ bool Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::canWriteType
     const bool verbose
 )
 {
-    // handle 'native' format directly
-    if (isNative(ext))
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    return checkSupport(writeTypes(), ext, verbose, "writing");
+    return checkSupport
+    (
+        writeTypes(),
+        ext,
+        verbose,
+        "writing"
+    );
 }
 
 
@@ -125,29 +118,34 @@ void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::write
 
     const word ext = name.ext();
 
-    // handle 'native' format directly
-    if (isNative(ext))
-    {
-        surf.write(OFstream(name)());
-        return;
-    }
-
     typename writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTable::iterator mfIter =
         writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTablePtr_->find(ext);
 
     if (mfIter == writefileExtensionMemberFunctionTablePtr_->end())
     {
-        FatalErrorIn
-        (
-            "UnsortedMeshedSurface::write"
-            "(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface&)"
-        )   << "Unknown file extension " << ext << nl << nl
-            << "Valid types are :" << endl
-            << writeTypes()
-            << exit(FatalError);
-    }
+        // no direct writer, delegate to proxy if possible
+        wordHashSet supported = ProxyType::writeTypes();
 
-    mfIter()(name, surf);
+        if (supported.found(ext))
+        {
+            MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(surf).write(name);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "UnsortedMeshedSurface::write"
+                "(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface&)"
+            )   << "Unknown file extension " << ext << nl << nl
+                << "Valid types are :" << endl
+                << (supported | writeTypes())
+                << exit(FatalError);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        mfIter()(name, surf);
+    }
 }
 
 
@@ -155,16 +153,18 @@ void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::write
 
 template<class Face>
 Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface()
+:
+    ParentType()
 {}
 
 
 template<class Face>
 Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
 (
-    const Xfer<pointField>& pointLst,
-    const Xfer<List<Face> >& faceLst,
-    const Xfer<List<label> >& zoneIds,
-    const Xfer<surfZoneIdentifierList>& zoneTofc
+    const Xfer< pointField >& pointLst,
+    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst,
+    const Xfer< List<label> >& zoneIds,
+    const Xfer< surfZoneIdentifierList >& zoneTofc
 )
 :
     ParentType(pointLst, faceLst),
@@ -176,17 +176,17 @@ Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
 template<class Face>
 Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
 (
-    const Xfer<pointField>& pointLst,
-    const Xfer<List<Face> >& faceLst,
+    const Xfer< pointField >& pointLst,
+    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst,
     const UList<label>& zoneSizes,
     const UList<word>& zoneNames
 )
 :
     ParentType(pointLst, faceLst)
 {
-    if (&zoneSizes)
+    if (zoneSizes.size())
     {
-        if (&zoneNames)
+        if (zoneNames.size())
         {
             setZones(zoneSizes, zoneNames);
         }
@@ -197,89 +197,50 @@ Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
     }
     else
     {
-        oneZone();
+        setOneZone();
     }
 }
 
 
-template<class Face>
-Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
-(
-    const polyBoundaryMesh& bMesh,
-    const bool useGlobalPoints
-)
-{
-    // creating via MeshedSurface is the easiest
-    MeshedSurface<Face> surf(bMesh, useGlobalPoints);
-    transfer(surf);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
-(
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-:
-    ParentType(xferCopy(surf.points()), xferCopy(surf.faces()))
-{
-    setZones(surf.zones());
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
-(
-    const fileName& name,
-    const word& ext
-)
-{
-    read(name, ext);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface(const fileName& name)
-{
-    read(name);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface(Istream& is)
-{
-    read(is);
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
-(
-    const Time& d,
-    const word& surfName
-)
-{
-    read(IFstream(findMeshFile(d, surfName))());
-}
-
-
 template<class Face>
 Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
 (
     const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 :
-    ParentType(xferCopy(surf.points()), xferCopy(surf.faces())),
-    zoneIds_(surf.zoneIds_),
-    zoneToc_(surf.zoneToc_)
+    ParentType
+    (
+        xferCopy(surf.points()),
+        xferCopy(surf.faces())
+    ),
+    zoneIds_(surf.zoneIds()),
+    zoneToc_(surf.zoneToc())
 {}
 
 
 template<class Face>
 Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
 (
-    const Xfer<UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> >& surf
+    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
+:
+    ParentType
+    (
+        xferCopy(surf.points()),
+        xferCopy(surf.faces())
+    )
+{
+    setZones(surf.surfZones());
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
+(
+    const Xfer< UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> >& surf
+)
+:
+    ParentType()
 {
     transfer(surf());
 }
@@ -288,12 +249,51 @@ Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
 template<class Face>
 Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
 (
-    const Xfer<MeshedSurface<Face> >& surf
+    const Xfer< MeshedSurface<Face> >& surf
 )
+:
+    ParentType()
 {
     transfer(surf());
 }
 
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
+(
+    const fileName& name,
+    const word& ext
+)
+:
+    ParentType()
+{
+    read(name, ext);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface(const fileName& name)
+:
+    ParentType()
+{
+    read(name);
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::UnsortedMeshedSurface
+(
+    const Time& t,
+    const word& surfName
+)
+:
+    ParentType()
+{
+    MeshedSurface<Face> surf(t, surfName);
+    transfer(surf);
+}
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Face>
@@ -308,22 +308,19 @@ Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::~UnsortedMeshedSurface()
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Face>
-void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::oneZone(const word& name)
+void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::setOneZone()
 {
     zoneIds_.setSize(size());
     zoneIds_ = 0;
 
-    word zoneName(name);
+    word zoneName;
+    if (zoneToc_.size())
+    {
+        zoneName = zoneToc_[0].name();
+    }
     if (zoneName.empty())
     {
-        if (zoneToc_.size())
-        {
-            zoneName = zoneToc_[0].name();
-        }
-        if (zoneName.empty())
-        {
-            zoneName = "zone0";
-        }
+        zoneName = "zone0";
     }
 
     // set single default zone
@@ -344,7 +341,6 @@ void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::setZones
     forAll(zoneToc_, zoneI)
     {
         const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
-
         zoneToc_[zoneI] = zone;
 
         // assign sub-zone Ids
@@ -416,7 +412,7 @@ void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::remapFaces
     {
         if (zoneToc_.empty())
         {
-            oneZone();
+            setOneZone();
         }
         else if (zoneToc_.size() == 1)
         {
@@ -442,7 +438,7 @@ void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::remapFaces
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::setSize(const label s)
 {
-    ParentType::setSize(s);
+    this->storedFaces().setSize(s);
     // if zones extend: set with last zoneId
     zoneIds_.setSize(s, zoneToc_.size() - 1);
 }
@@ -470,12 +466,81 @@ Foam::surfZoneList Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::sortedZones
         zoneNames.insert(zoneI, zoneToc_[zoneI].name());
     }
 
-    return sortedZonesById(zoneIds_, zoneNames, faceMap);
+    // std::sort() really seems to mix up the order.
+    // and std::stable_sort() might take too long / too much memory
+
+    // Assuming that we have relatively fewer zones compared to the
+    // number of items, just do it ourselves
+
+    // step 1: get zone sizes and store (origId => zoneI)
+    Map<label> lookup;
+    forAll(zoneIds_, faceI)
+    {
+        const label origId = zoneIds_[faceI];
+
+        Map<label>::iterator fnd = lookup.find(origId);
+        if (fnd != lookup.end())
+        {
+            fnd()++;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            lookup.insert(origId, 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // step 2: assign start/size (and name) to the newZones
+    // re-use the lookup to map (zoneId => zoneI)
+    surfZoneList zoneLst(lookup.size());
+    label start = 0;
+    label zoneI = 0;
+    forAllIter(Map<label>, lookup, iter)
+    {
+        label origId = iter.key();
+
+        word name;
+        Map<word>::const_iterator fnd = zoneNames.find(origId);
+        if (fnd != zoneNames.end())
+        {
+            name = fnd();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            name = word("zone") + ::Foam::name(zoneI);
+        }
+
+        zoneLst[zoneI] = surfZone
+        (
+            name,
+            0,           // initialize with zero size
+            start,
+            zoneI
+        );
+
+        // increment the start for the next zone
+        // and save the (zoneId => zoneI) mapping
+        start += iter();
+        iter() = zoneI++;
+    }
+
+
+    // step 3: build the re-ordering
+    faceMap.setSize(zoneIds_.size());
+
+    forAll(zoneIds_, faceI)
+    {
+        label zoneI = lookup[zoneIds_[faceI]];
+        faceMap[faceI] = zoneLst[zoneI].start() + zoneLst[zoneI].size()++;
+    }
+
+    // with reordered faces registered in faceMap
+    return zoneLst;
 }
 
 
 template<class Face>
-Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::subsetMesh
+Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>
+Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::subsetMesh
 (
     const labelHashSet& include,
     labelList& pointMap,
@@ -542,12 +607,39 @@ Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::subsetMesh
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::reset
 (
-    const Xfer<pointField>& pointLst,
-    const Xfer<List<Face> >& faceLst,
-    const Xfer<List<label> >& zoneIds
+    const Xfer< pointField >& pointLst,
+    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst,
+    const Xfer< List<label> >& zoneIds
 )
 {
-    ParentType::reset(pointLst, faceLst);
+    ParentType::reset
+    (
+        pointLst,
+        faceLst,
+        Xfer<surfZoneList>()
+    );
+
+    if (&zoneIds)
+    {
+        zoneIds_.transfer(zoneIds());
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::reset
+(
+    const Xfer< List<point> >& pointLst,
+    const Xfer< List<Face> >& faceLst,
+    const Xfer< List<label> >& zoneIds
+)
+{
+    ParentType::reset
+    (
+        pointLst,
+        faceLst,
+        Xfer<surfZoneList>()
+    );
 
     if (&zoneIds)
     {
@@ -562,12 +654,14 @@ void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::transfer
     UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    reset
+    ParentType::reset
     (
         xferMove(surf.storedPoints()),
         xferMove(surf.storedFaces()),
-        xferMove(surf.zoneIds_)
+        Xfer<surfZoneList>()
     );
+
+    zoneIds_.transfer(surf.zoneIds_);
     zoneToc_.transfer(surf.zoneToc_);
 
     surf.clear();
@@ -580,8 +674,14 @@ void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::transfer
     MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    reset(xferMove(surf.storedPoints()), xferMove(surf.storedFaces()));
-    setZones(surf.zones());
+    ParentType::reset
+    (
+        xferMove(surf.storedPoints()),
+        xferMove(surf.storedFaces()),
+        Xfer<surfZoneList>()
+    );
+
+    setZones(surf.surfZones());
     surf.clear();
 }
 
@@ -620,28 +720,22 @@ bool Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::read
     const word& ext
 )
 {
-    // handle 'native' format directly
-    if (isNative(ext))
-    {
-        return read(IFstream(name)());
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // use selector mechanism
-        transfer(New(name, ext)());
-        return true;
-    }
+    clear();
+
+    // read via use selector mechanism
+    transfer(New(name, ext)());
+    return true;
 }
 
 
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::write
 (
-    const Time& d,
+    const Time& t,
     const word& surfName
 ) const
 {
-    write(OFstream(findMeshFile(d, surfName))());
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this).write(t, surfName);
 }
 
 
@@ -662,13 +756,30 @@ void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::operator=
 }
 
 
+template<class Face>
+Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::operator
+Foam::MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>() const
+{
+    labelList faceMap;
+    List<surfZone> zoneLst = this->sortedZones(faceMap);
+
+    return MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>
+    (
+        this->points(),
+        this->faces(),
+        zoneLst,
+        faceMap
+    );
+}
+
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Friend Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * IOstream Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurfaceIO.C"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurfaceNew.C"
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurface.H b/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurface.H
index efecda798b..7a272240d1 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurface.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurface.H
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef UnsortedMeshedSurface_H
 #define UnsortedMeshedSurface_H
 
-#include "BasicMeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurface.H"
 #include "surfZoneIdentifierList.H"
 #include "surfZoneList.H"
 #include "surfaceFormatsCore.H"
@@ -64,14 +64,10 @@ namespace Foam
 
 class Time;
 class IFstream;
-template<class Face> class UnsortedMeshedSurface;
+
 template<class Face> class MeshedSurface;
-
-class polyBoundaryMesh;
-
-template<class Face>
-Ostream& operator<<(Ostream&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
-
+template<class Face> class MeshedSurfaceProxy;
+template<class Face> class UnsortedMeshedSurface;
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
                    Class UnsortedMeshedSurface Declaration
@@ -80,24 +76,20 @@ Ostream& operator<<(Ostream&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
 template<class Face>
 class UnsortedMeshedSurface
 :
-    public BasicMeshedSurface<Face>,
-    public fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore
+    public MeshedSurface<Face>
 {
-    // friends despite different faces
-    template<class Face2>
-    friend class MeshedSurface;
-
-    // friends despite different faces
-    template<class Face2>
-    friend class UnsortedMeshedSurface;
-
-    friend class MeshedSurface<Face>;
+    // friends - despite different face representationsx
+    template<class Face2> friend class MeshedSurface;
+    template<class Face2> friend class UnsortedMeshedSurface;
+    friend class surfMesh;
 
 private:
 
-    //- Typedefs for convenience
-        typedef BasicMeshedSurface<Face> ParentType;
-        typedef MeshedSurface<Face> SiblingType;
+    //- Private typedefs for convenience
+
+        typedef MeshedSurface<Face>       ParentType;
+        typedef MeshedSurface<Face>       FriendType;
+        typedef MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>  ProxyType;
 
     // Private Member Data
 
@@ -166,10 +158,10 @@ public:
         //  (points, faces, zone ids, zone info).
         UnsortedMeshedSurface
         (
-            const Xfer<pointField>&,
-            const Xfer<List<Face> >&,
-            const Xfer<List<label> >& zoneIds,
-            const Xfer<surfZoneIdentifierList>&
+            const Xfer< pointField >&,
+            const Xfer< List<Face> >&,
+            const Xfer< List<label> >& zoneIds,
+            const Xfer< surfZoneIdentifierList >&
         );
 
         //- Construct by transferring points, faces.
@@ -178,16 +170,12 @@ public:
         (
             const Xfer<pointField>&,
             const Xfer<List<Face> >&,
-            const UList<label>& zoneSizes = UList<label>::null(),
-            const UList<word>& zoneNames = UList<word>::null()
+            const UList<label>& zoneSizes = UList<label>(),
+            const UList<word>& zoneNames = UList<word>()
         );
 
-        //- Construct from a boundary mesh with local points/faces
-        UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        (
-            const polyBoundaryMesh&,
-            const bool globalPoints=false
-        );
+        //- Construct as copy
+        UnsortedMeshedSurface(const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
 
         //- Construct from a meshedSurface
         UnsortedMeshedSurface(const MeshedSurface<Face>&);
@@ -207,12 +195,9 @@ public:
         //- Construct from Istream
         UnsortedMeshedSurface(Istream&);
 
-        //- Construct from objectRegistry
+        //- Construct from objectRegistry and a named surface
         UnsortedMeshedSurface(const Time&, const word& surfName="");
 
-        //- Construct as copy
-        UnsortedMeshedSurface(const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
-
     // Declare run-time constructor selection table
 
         declareRunTimeSelectionTable
@@ -287,13 +272,12 @@ public:
             return zoneToc_;
         }
 
-        //- Sort faces according to zone.
+        //- Sort faces according to zoneIds
         //  Returns a surfZoneList and sets faceMap to index within faces()
         surfZoneList sortedZones(labelList& faceMap) const;
 
         //- Set zones to 0 and set a single zone
-        //  Optionally with a specific name
-        void oneZone(const word& name = word::null);
+        void setOneZone();
 
         //- Set zone ids and zones
         void setZones(const surfZoneList&);
@@ -328,9 +312,17 @@ public:
         //- Transfer components (points, faces, zone ids).
         virtual void reset
         (
-            const Xfer<pointField>&,
-            const Xfer<List<Face> >&,
-            const Xfer<List<label> >& zoneIds = Xfer<List<label> >::null()
+            const Xfer< pointField >&,
+            const Xfer< List<Face> >&,
+            const Xfer< List<label> >& zoneIds
+        );
+
+        //- Transfer components (points, faces, zone ids).
+        virtual void reset
+        (
+            const Xfer< List<point> >&,
+            const Xfer< List<Face> >&,
+            const Xfer< List<label> >& zoneIds
         );
 
         //- Transfer the contents of the argument and annull the argument
@@ -354,9 +346,6 @@ public:
 
     // Write
 
-        //- Write to Ostream in simple FOAM format
-        virtual void write(Ostream&) const;
-
         //- Generic write routine. Chooses writer based on extension.
         virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
         {
@@ -371,15 +360,8 @@ public:
 
         void operator=(const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
 
-
-    // Ostream Operator
-
-        friend Ostream& operator<<
-        <Face>
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
+        //- Conversion operator to MeshedSurfaceProxy
+        operator MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>() const;
 
 };
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurfaceIO.C b/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurfaceIO.C
deleted file mode 100644
index 391f0dc83b..0000000000
--- a/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurfaceIO.C
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,108 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
-    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
-    option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
-    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
-#include "IFstream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-// Read surf grouping, points, faces directly from Istream
-template<class Face>
-bool Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::read(Istream& is)
-{
-    MeshedSurface<Face> surf(is);
-
-    transfer(surf);
-    return is.good();
-}
-
-
-// write (sorted)
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::write(Ostream& os) const
-{
-    const List<Face>& faceLst = this->faces();
-
-    labelList faceMap;
-    surfZoneList zoneLst = sortedZones(faceMap);
-
-    // just emit some information until we get a nice IOobject
-    IOobject::writeBanner(os);
-    os  << "// OpenFOAM Surface Format" << nl
-        << "// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~" << nl
-        << "// zones:" << nl
-        << zoneLst.size() << nl << token::BEGIN_LIST << incrIndent << nl;
-
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
-    {
-        zoneLst[zoneI].writeDict(os);
-    }
-    os  << decrIndent << token::END_LIST << nl;
-
-    IOobject::writeDivider(os);
-
-    // Note: Write with global point numbering
-    os  << "\n// points:" << nl << this->points() << nl;
-
-    IOobject::writeDivider(os);
-    os  << "\n// faces:"  << nl;
-    os  << faceLst.size() << nl << token::BEGIN_LIST << nl;
-
-    label faceI = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
-    {
-        // Print all faces belonging to this zone
-        const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
-
-        forAll(zone, localFaceI)
-        {
-            os << faceLst[faceMap[faceI++]] << nl;
-        }
-    }
-    os << token::END_LIST << nl;
-
-    IOobject::writeDivider(os);
-
-    // Check state of Ostream
-    os.check("UnsortedMeshedSurface::write(Ostream&)");
-}
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * IOstream Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-template<class Face>
-Foam::Ostream& Foam::operator<<
-(
-    Ostream& os,
-    const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    surf.write(os);
-    return os;
-}
-
-// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurfaceNew.C b/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurfaceNew.C
index d57cce6608..222acc4055 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurfaceNew.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/UnsortedMeshedSurface/UnsortedMeshedSurfaceNew.C
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ License
 
 
 template<class Face>
-Foam::autoPtr<Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> >
+Foam::autoPtr< Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> >
 Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::New(const fileName& name, const word& ext)
 {
     if (debug)
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::New(const fileName& name, const word& ext)
 
     if (cstrIter == fileExtensionConstructorTablePtr_->end())
     {
-        // no direct reader, delegate if possible
-        wordHashSet supported = SiblingType::readTypes();
+        // no direct reader, use the parent if possible
+        wordHashSet supported = ParentType::readTypes();
         if (supported.found(ext))
         {
             // create indirectly
@@ -54,14 +54,13 @@ Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::New(const fileName& name, const word& ext)
             (
                 new UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>
             );
-            surf().transfer(SiblingType::New(name, ext)());
+            surf().transfer(ParentType::New(name, ext)());
 
             return surf;
         }
 
         // nothing left but to issue an error
         supported += readTypes();
-        supported.insert(nativeExt);
 
         FatalErrorIn
         (
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::New(const fileName& name, const word& ext)
 
 
 template<class Face>
-Foam::autoPtr<Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> >
+Foam::autoPtr< Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> >
 Foam::UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>::New(const fileName& name)
 {
     word ext = name.ext();
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields.C b/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields/surfFields.C
similarity index 100%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields.C
rename to src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields/surfFields.C
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields.H b/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields/surfFields.H
similarity index 100%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields.H
rename to src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields/surfFields.H
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFieldsFwd.H b/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields/surfFieldsFwd.H
similarity index 100%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFieldsFwd.H
rename to src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields/surfFieldsFwd.H
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfGeoMesh.H b/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields/surfGeoMesh.H
similarity index 100%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfGeoMesh.H
rename to src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfFields/surfGeoMesh.H
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfPointFields/surfPointFields.C b/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfPointFields/surfPointFields.C
similarity index 100%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfPointFields/surfPointFields.C
rename to src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfPointFields/surfPointFields.C
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfPointFields/surfPointFields.H b/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfPointFields/surfPointFields.H
similarity index 100%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfPointFields/surfPointFields.H
rename to src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfPointFields/surfPointFields.H
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfPointFields/surfPointFieldsFwd.H b/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfPointFields/surfPointFieldsFwd.H
similarity index 100%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfPointFields/surfPointFieldsFwd.H
rename to src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfPointFields/surfPointFieldsFwd.H
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfPointFields/surfPointGeoMesh.H b/src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfPointFields/surfPointGeoMesh.H
similarity index 100%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfPointFields/surfPointGeoMesh.H
rename to src/surfMesh/surfFields/surfPointFields/surfPointGeoMesh.H
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMesh.C b/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMesh.C
index c6166345da..1f2d35a54f 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMesh.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMesh.C
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "surfMesh.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
+
 #include "Time.H"
 #include "cellIOList.H"
 #include "SubList.H"
@@ -40,29 +42,30 @@ Foam::word Foam::surfMesh::meshSubDir = "surfMesh";
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-void Foam::surfMesh::oneZone()
-{
-    word zoneName;
-
-    if (surfZones_.size())
-    {
-        zoneName = surfZones_[0].name();
-    }
-    if (zoneName.empty())
-    {
-        zoneName = "zone0";
-    }
-
-    // set single default zone
-    surfZones_.setSize(1);
-    surfZones_[0] = surfZone
-    (
-        zoneName,
-        nFaces(),       // zone size
-        0,              // zone start
-        0               // zone index
-    );
-}
+// void Foam::surfMesh::oneZone()
+// {
+//     word zoneName;
+//
+//     surfZoneList& zones = Allocator::storedIOZones();
+//     if (zones.size())
+//     {
+//         zoneName = zones[0].name();
+//     }
+//     if (zoneName.empty())
+//     {
+//         zoneName = "zone0";
+//     }
+//
+//     // set single default zone
+//     zones.setSize(1);
+//     zones[0] = surfZone
+//     (
+//         zoneName,
+//         nFaces(),       // zone size
+//         0,              // zone start
+//         0               // zone index
+//     );
+// }
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -71,7 +74,7 @@ void Foam::surfMesh::oneZone()
 Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh(const IOobject& io, const word& surfName)
 :
     surfaceRegistry(io.db(), (surfName.size() ? surfName : io.name())),
-    surfMeshAllocator
+    Allocator
     (
         IOobject
         (
@@ -90,11 +93,7 @@ Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh(const IOobject& io, const word& surfName)
             *this,
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
-        )
-    ),
-    MeshReference(storedFaces_, storedPoints_),
-    surfZones_
-    (
+        ),
         IOobject
         (
             "surfZones",
@@ -104,20 +103,21 @@ Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh(const IOobject& io, const word& surfName)
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
         )
-    )
+    ),
+    MeshReference(this->storedIOFaces(), this->storedIOPoints())
 {}
 
 
 Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh
 (
     const IOobject& io,
-    const Xfer<pointField>& pointLst,
-    const Xfer<faceList>& faceLst,
+    const Xfer< pointField >& pointLst,
+    const Xfer< faceList >& faceLst,
     const word& surfName
 )
 :
     surfaceRegistry(io.db(), (surfName.size() ? surfName : io.name())),
-    surfMeshAllocator
+    Allocator
     (
         IOobject
         (
@@ -138,11 +138,7 @@ Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh
             IOobject::NO_READ,
             IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
         ),
-        faceLst
-    ),
-    MeshReference(storedFaces_, storedPoints_),
-    surfZones_
-    (
+        faceLst,
         IOobject
         (
             "surfZones",
@@ -151,8 +147,10 @@ Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh
             *this,
             IOobject::NO_READ,
             IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-        )
-    )
+        ),
+        Xfer<surfZoneList>()
+    ),
+    MeshReference(this->storedIOFaces(), this->storedIOPoints())
 {}
 
 
@@ -164,7 +162,7 @@ Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh
 )
 :
     surfaceRegistry(io.db(), (surfName.size() ? surfName : io.name())),
-    surfMeshAllocator
+    Allocator
     (
         IOobject
         (
@@ -185,11 +183,7 @@ Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh
             IOobject::NO_READ,
             IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
         ),
-        faceList()
-    ),
-    MeshReference(storedFaces_, storedPoints_),
-    surfZones_
-    (
+        faceList(),
         IOobject
         (
             "surfZones",
@@ -200,9 +194,21 @@ Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh
             IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
         ),
         surfZoneList()
-    )
+    ),
+    MeshReference(this->storedIOFaces(), this->storedIOPoints())
 {
-    // We can also send Xfer<..>::null just to force initialization
+    if (debug)
+    {
+        Info<<"IOobject: " << io.path() << nl
+            <<" name: " << io.name()
+            <<" instance: " << io.instance()
+            <<" local: " << io.local()
+            <<" dbDir: " << io.db().dbDir() << endl;
+        Info<<"creating surfMesh at instance " << instance() << endl;
+        Info<<"timeName: " << instance() << endl;
+    }
+
+    // We can also send Xfer<..>::null just to initialize without allocating
     if (&surf)
     {
         transfer(surf());
@@ -213,40 +219,50 @@ Foam::surfMesh::surfMesh
 
 Foam::surfMesh::~surfMesh()
 {
-    //    clearOut();
-    //    resetMotion();
+    // clearOut();
+    // resetMotion();
 }
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+void Foam::surfMesh::updatePointsRef()
+{
+    // assign the reference to the points (this is truly ugly)
+    reinterpret_cast<SubField<point>&>
+    (
+        const_cast<Field<point>&>(MeshReference::points())
+    ) = reinterpret_cast<SubField<point>&>(this->storedPoints());
+}
+
+
+void Foam::surfMesh::updateFacesRef()
+{
+    // assign the reference to the faces
+    static_cast<UList<face>&>(*this) = this->storedFaces();
+}
+
+
+void Foam::surfMesh::updateRefs()
+{
+    this->updatePointsRef();
+    this->updateFacesRef();
+}
+
+
 void Foam::surfMesh::resetPrimitives
 (
-    const Xfer<pointField>& points,
-    const Xfer<faceList>& faces,
-    const Xfer<surfZoneList>& zones,
+    const Xfer< pointField >& points,
+    const Xfer< faceList >& faces,
+    const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones,
     const bool validate
 )
 {
     // Clear addressing.
     MeshReference::clearGeom();
 
-    // Take over new primitive data.
-    // Optimized to avoid overwriting data at all
-    if (&points)
-    {
-        storedPoints_.transfer(points());
-    }
-
-    if (&faces)
-    {
-        storedFaces_.transfer(faces());
-    }
-
-    if (&zones)
-    {
-        surfZones_.transfer(zones());
-    }
+    Allocator::reset(points, faces, zones);
+    this->updateRefs();
 
     if (validate)
     {
@@ -255,6 +271,7 @@ void Foam::surfMesh::resetPrimitives
 }
 
 
+
 void Foam::surfMesh::transfer
 (
     MeshedSurface<face>& surf
@@ -263,9 +280,11 @@ void Foam::surfMesh::transfer
     // Clear addressing.
     MeshReference::clearGeom();
 
-    storedPoints_.transfer(surf.storedPoints());
-    storedFaces_.transfer(surf.storedFaces());
-    surfZones_.transfer(surf.storedZones());
+    this->storedIOPoints().transfer(surf.storedPoints());
+    this->storedIOFaces().transfer(surf.storedFaces());
+    this->storedIOZones().transfer(surf.storedZones());
+
+    this->updateRefs();
 }
 
 
@@ -274,9 +293,12 @@ Foam::surfMesh::xfer()
 {
     Xfer< MeshedSurface<face> > xf;
 
-    xf().storedPoints().transfer(storedPoints_);
-    xf().storedFaces().transfer(storedFaces_);
-    xf().storedZones().transfer(surfZones_);
+    xf().storedPoints().transfer(this->storedPoints());
+    xf().storedFaces().transfer(this->storedFaces());
+    xf().storedZones().transfer(this->storedZones());
+
+    // is this needed?
+    this->updateRefs();
 
     // Clear addressing.
     MeshReference::clearGeom();
@@ -285,17 +307,6 @@ Foam::surfMesh::xfer()
 }
 
 
-void Foam::surfMesh::rename(const word& newName)
-{
-    FatalErrorIn
-    (
-        "surfMesh::rename(const word&)\n"
-    )
-        << "rename does not work correctly\n";
-}
-
-
-
 Foam::fileName Foam::surfMesh::meshDir() const
 {
     return dbDir()/meshSubDir;
@@ -304,51 +315,53 @@ Foam::fileName Foam::surfMesh::meshDir() const
 
 const Foam::fileName& Foam::surfMesh::pointsInstance() const
 {
-    return storedPoints_.instance();
+    return this->storedIOPoints().instance();
 }
 
 
 const Foam::fileName& Foam::surfMesh::facesInstance() const
 {
-    return storedFaces_.instance();
+    return this->storedIOFaces().instance();
 }
 
 
 Foam::label Foam::surfMesh::nPoints() const
 {
-    return storedPoints_.size();
+    return this->points().size();
 }
 
 Foam::label Foam::surfMesh::nFaces() const
 {
-    return storedFaces_.size();
+    return this->faces().size();
 }
 
 const Foam::pointField& Foam::surfMesh::points() const
 {
-    return storedPoints_;
+    return this->storedIOPoints();
 }
 
 const Foam::faceList& Foam::surfMesh::faces() const
 {
-    return storedFaces_;
+    return this->storedIOFaces();
 }
 
 void Foam::surfMesh::checkZones()
 {
     // extra safety, ensure we have at some zones
     // and they cover all the faces - fix start silently
-    if (surfZones_.size() <= 1)
+    surfZoneList& zones = Allocator::storedIOZones();
+
+    if (zones.size() <= 1)
     {
-        oneZone();
+        removeZones();
     }
     else
     {
         label count = 0;
-        forAll(surfZones_, zoneI)
+        forAll(zones, zoneI)
         {
-            surfZones_[zoneI].start() = count;
-            count += surfZones_[zoneI].size();
+            zones[zoneI].start() = count;
+            count += zones[zoneI].size();
         }
 
         if (count < nFaces())
@@ -361,7 +374,7 @@ void Foam::surfMesh::checkZones()
                 << " ... extending final zone"
                 << endl;
 
-            surfZones_[surfZones_.size()-1].size() += count - nFaces();
+            zones[zones.size()-1].size() += count - nFaces();
         }
         else if (count > size())
         {
@@ -379,15 +392,15 @@ void Foam::surfMesh::checkZones()
 // Add boundary patches. Constructor helper
 void Foam::surfMesh::addZones
 (
-    const surfZoneList& zones,
+    const surfZoneList& srfZones,
     const bool validate
 )
 {
-    surfZones_.setSize(zones.size());
+    surfZoneList& zones = Allocator::storedIOZones();
 
-    forAll(surfZones_, zoneI)
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
     {
-        surfZones_[zoneI] = surfZone(zones[zoneI], zoneI);
+        zones[zoneI] = surfZone(srfZones[zoneI], zoneI);
     }
 
     if (validate)
@@ -412,4 +425,22 @@ void Foam::surfMesh::removeFiles() const
     removeFiles(instance());
 }
 
+
+void Foam::surfMesh::write(const fileName& name, const surfMesh& surf)
+{
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy<face>
+    (
+        surf.points(),
+        surf.faces(),
+        surf.surfZones()
+    ).write(name);
+}
+
+
+void Foam::surfMesh::write(const fileName& name)
+{
+    write(name, *this);
+}
+
+
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMesh.H b/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMesh.H
index 358620fd61..234971788a 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMesh.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMesh.H
@@ -39,66 +39,16 @@ SourceFiles
 #define surfMesh_H
 
 #include "surfaceRegistry.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator.H"
 #include "PrimitivePatch.H"
-#include "pointField.H"
-#include "faceList.H"
-#include "pointIOField.H"
-#include "faceIOList.H"
-#include "labelIOList.H"
-#include "surfZoneIOList.H"
+#include "SubField.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 namespace Foam
 {
 
-template<class Face>
-class MeshedSurface;
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                      Class surfMeshAllocator Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-//- A helper class for storing points and faces
-class surfMeshAllocator
-{
-protected:
-    pointIOField storedPoints_;
-    faceIOList   storedFaces_;
-
-    surfMeshAllocator(const IOobject& ioPoints, const IOobject& ioFaces)
-    :
-        storedPoints_(ioPoints),
-        storedFaces_(ioFaces)
-    {}
-
-    surfMeshAllocator
-    (
-        const IOobject& ioPoints,
-        const pointField& points,
-        const IOobject& ioFaces,
-        const faceList& faces
-    )
-    :
-        storedPoints_(ioPoints, points),
-        storedFaces_(ioFaces, faces)
-    {}
-
-    surfMeshAllocator
-    (
-        const IOobject& ioPoints,
-        const Xfer<pointField>& points,
-        const IOobject& ioFaces,
-        const Xfer<faceList>& faces
-    )
-    :
-        storedPoints_(ioPoints, points),
-        storedFaces_(ioFaces, faces)
-    {}
-
-};
-
-
+template<class Face> class MeshedSurface;
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
                           Class surfMesh Declaration
@@ -106,10 +56,13 @@ protected:
 
 class surfMesh
 :
-    public surfaceRegistry,
-    public surfMeshAllocator,
-    public PrimitivePatch<face, ::Foam::UList, const pointField&, point>
+    public  surfaceRegistry,
+    private MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator,
+    public  PrimitivePatch<face, ::Foam::UList, ::Foam::SubField<point>, point>
 {
+    // friends
+    template<class Face> friend class MeshedSurface;
+    template<class Face> friend class UnsortedMeshedSurface;
 
 public:
 
@@ -117,8 +70,7 @@ public:
 
         //- Enumeration defining the state of the mesh after a read update.
         //  Used for post-processing applications, where the mesh
-        //  needs to update based on the files written in time
-        //  directores
+        //  needs to update based on the files written in time directores
         enum readUpdateState
         {
             UNCHANGED,
@@ -132,28 +84,23 @@ private:
 
     // Private typedefs
 
+        typedef MeshedSurfaceIOAllocator Allocator;
+
         typedef PrimitivePatch
         <
             face,
             ::Foam::UList,
-            const pointField&,
+            ::Foam::SubField<point>,
             point
         >
         MeshReference;
 
+
     // Permanent data
 
-        // Zoning information
-
-           //- Face zones
-           surfZoneIOList surfZones_;
-
 
     // Private member functions
 
-        //- Set a single zone
-        void oneZone();
-
         //- Disallow construct as copy
         surfMesh(const surfMesh&);
 
@@ -165,23 +112,33 @@ protected:
     // Protected Member Functions
 
         //- Non-const access to global points
-        pointIOField& storedPoints()
+        pointField& storedPoints()
         {
-            return surfMeshAllocator::storedPoints_;
+            return Allocator::storedIOPoints();
         }
 
         //- Non-const access to the faces
-        faceIOList& storedFaces()
+        faceList& storedFaces()
         {
-            return surfMeshAllocator::storedFaces_;
+            return Allocator::storedIOFaces();
         }
 
         //- Non-const access to the zones
-        surfZoneIOList& storedZones()
+        surfZoneList& storedZones()
         {
-            return surfZones_;
+            return Allocator::storedIOZones();
         }
 
+
+        //- Update references to storedFaces
+        virtual void updateFacesRef();
+
+        //- Update references to storedPoints
+        virtual void updatePointsRef();
+
+        //- Update references to storedPoints/storedFaces
+        virtual void updateRefs();
+
 public:
 
     // Public typedefs
@@ -247,10 +204,10 @@ public:
 
         // Access
 
-            //- Return raw points
+            //- Return the number of raw points
             virtual label nPoints() const;
 
-            //- Return raw faces
+            //- Return the number of raw faces
             virtual label nFaces() const;
 
             //- Return number of faces
@@ -260,28 +217,22 @@ public:
             }
 
 
-            //- Return raw points
+            //- Return points
             virtual const pointField& points() const;
 
-            //- Return raw faces
+            //- Return faces
             virtual const faceList& faces() const;
 
             //- Return surface zones
-            const surfZoneList& surfZones() const
+            virtual const surfZoneList& surfZones() const
             {
-                return surfZones_;
-            }
-
-            //- Return non-const access to the zones
-            surfZoneList& surfZones()
-            {
-                return surfZones_;
+                return Allocator::storedIOZones();
             }
 
             //- Check the surface zone definitions
             void checkZones();
 
-            //- Add surface zones patches
+            //- Add surface zones
             void addZones
             (
                 const List<surfZone>&,
@@ -297,15 +248,12 @@ public:
             //- Remove surface zones
             void removeZones();
 
-            //- Rename surface
-            virtual void rename(const word&);
-
             //- Reset mesh primitive data.
             void resetPrimitives
             (
-                const Xfer<pointField>& points,
-                const Xfer<faceList>& faces,
-                const Xfer<surfZoneList>& zones,
+                const Xfer< pointField >& points,
+                const Xfer< faceList >& faces,
+                const Xfer< surfZoneList >& zones,
                 const bool validate = true
             );
 
@@ -313,6 +261,16 @@ public:
             //- Transfer the contents of the argument and annull the argument
             void transfer(MeshedSurface<face>&);
 
+
+        //- Avoid masking the normal objectRegistry write
+        using surfaceRegistry::write;
+
+        //- Write to file
+        static void write(const fileName&, const surfMesh&);
+
+        //- Write to file
+        void write(const fileName&);
+
         //  Storage management
 
             //- Transfer contents to the Xfer container as a MeshedSurface
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMeshClear.C b/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMeshClear.C
index 92611ef150..27df24ddd4 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMeshClear.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMeshClear.C
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void Foam::surfMesh::removeZones()
     }
 
     // Remove the surface zones
-    surfZones_.clear();
+    storedZones().clear();
 
     clearOut();
 }
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMeshIO.C b/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMeshIO.C
index 9665b4e20c..f9c44dc8ba 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMeshIO.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfMesh/surfMeshIO.C
@@ -31,20 +31,22 @@ License
 
 void Foam::surfMesh::setInstance(const fileName& inst)
 {
-    if (debug)
+    if (debug or true)
     {
         Info<< "void surfMesh::setInstance(const fileName& inst) : "
             << "Resetting file instance to " << inst << endl;
     }
 
-    storedPoints_.writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
-    storedPoints_.instance() = inst;
+    instance() = inst;
 
-    storedFaces_.writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
-    storedFaces_.instance() = inst;
+    storedIOPoints().writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
+    storedIOPoints().instance() = inst;
 
-    surfZones_.writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
-    surfZones_.instance() = inst;
+    storedIOFaces().writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
+    storedIOFaces().instance() = inst;
+
+    storedIOZones().writeOpt() = IOobject::AUTO_WRITE;
+    storedIOZones().instance() = inst;
 }
 
 
@@ -81,9 +83,9 @@ Foam::surfMesh::readUpdateState Foam::surfMesh::readUpdate()
         // Set instance to new instance.
         // Note points instance can differ from faces instance.
         setInstance(facesInst);
-        storedPoints_.instance() = pointsInst;
+        storedIOPoints().instance() = pointsInst;
 
-        storedPoints_ = pointIOField
+        storedIOPoints() = pointIOField
         (
             IOobject
             (
@@ -97,7 +99,7 @@ Foam::surfMesh::readUpdateState Foam::surfMesh::readUpdate()
             )
         );
 
-        storedFaces_ = faceIOList
+        storedFaces() = faceIOList
         (
             IOobject
             (
@@ -111,9 +113,6 @@ Foam::surfMesh::readUpdateState Foam::surfMesh::readUpdate()
             )
         );
 
-        // synchronize sizes and references?
-//        MeshReference::operator=(MeshReference(storedFaces_, storedPoints_));
-
         // Reset the surface zones
         surfZoneIOList newZones
         (
@@ -132,15 +131,16 @@ Foam::surfMesh::readUpdateState Foam::surfMesh::readUpdate()
         // Check that zone types and names are unchanged
         bool zonesChanged = false;
 
-        if (surfZones_.size() != newZones.size())
+        surfZoneList& zones = this->storedIOZones();
+        if (zones.size() != newZones.size())
         {
             zonesChanged = true;
         }
         else
         {
-            forAll (surfZones_, zoneI)
+            forAll(zones, zoneI)
             {
-                if (surfZones_[zoneI].name() != newZones[zoneI].name())
+                if (zones[zoneI].name() != newZones[zoneI].name())
                 {
                     zonesChanged = true;
                     break;
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ Foam::surfMesh::readUpdateState Foam::surfMesh::readUpdate()
             }
         }
 
-        surfZones_.transfer(newZones);
+        zones.transfer(newZones);
 
         if (zonesChanged)
         {
@@ -173,10 +173,9 @@ Foam::surfMesh::readUpdateState Foam::surfMesh::readUpdate()
         }
 
         clearGeom();
+        storedIOPoints().instance() = pointsInst;
 
-        storedPoints_.instance() = pointsInst;
-
-        storedPoints_ = pointIOField
+        storedIOPoints() = pointIOField
         (
             IOobject
             (
@@ -204,4 +203,6 @@ Foam::surfMesh::readUpdateState Foam::surfMesh::readUpdate()
 }
 
 
+
+
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormat.C
index 8347bdeee8..13066c9f67 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ License
 
 #include "AC3DsurfaceFormat.H"
 #include "clock.H"
-#include "IFstream.H"
 #include "IStringStream.H"
 #include "tensor.H"
 #include "primitivePatch.H"
@@ -281,26 +280,65 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::AC3DsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::AC3DsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const List<Face>& faceLst,
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    writeHeader(os, zoneLst);
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
 
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size()
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst)
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+    if (useFaceMap)
     {
-        const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::AC3DsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "output with faceMap is not supported " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::AC3DsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    writeHeader(os, zones);
+
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
+    {
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
 
         os  << "OBJECT poly" << nl
-            << "name \"" << zone.name() << '"' << endl;
+            << "name \"" << zone.name() << "\"\n";
 
         // Temporary PrimitivePatch to calculate compact points & faces
         // use 'UList' to avoid allocations!
         PrimitivePatch<Face, UList, const pointField&> patch
         (
-            faceLst,
+            SubList<Face>
+            (
+                faceLst,
+                zone.size(),
+                zone.start()
+            ),
             pointLst
         );
 
@@ -310,7 +348,7 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::AC3DsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
         {
             const point& pt = patch.localPoints()[ptI];
 
-            os << pt.x() << ' ' << pt.y() << ' ' << pt.z() << endl;
+            os << pt.x() << ' ' << pt.y() << ' ' << pt.z() << nl;
         }
 
         os << "numsurf " << patch.localFaces().size() << endl;
@@ -337,72 +375,89 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::AC3DsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::AC3DsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    write(os, surf.points(), surf.faces(), surf.zones());
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::AC3DsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    Ostream& os,
+    const fileName& filename,
     const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
     labelList faceMap;
     List<surfZone> zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
 
-    writeHeader(os, zoneLst);
-
-    label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    if (zoneLst.size() <= 1)
     {
-        const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
-
-        os  << "OBJECT poly" << nl
-            << "name \"" << zone.name() << '"' << endl;
-
-        // Create zone with only zone faces included for ease of addressing
-        labelHashSet include(surf.size());
-
-        forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+        write
+        (
+            filename,
+            MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>
+            (
+                surf.points(),
+                surf.faces(),
+                zoneLst
+            )
+        );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        OFstream os(filename);
+        if (!os.good())
         {
-            const label faceI = faceMap[faceIndex++];
-            include.insert(faceI);
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "fileFormats::AC3DsurfaceFormat::write"
+                "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+            )
+                << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+                << exit(FatalError);
         }
 
-        UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> subm = surf.subsetMesh(include);
+        writeHeader(os, zoneLst);
 
-        // Now we have isolated surface for this patch alone. Write it.
-        os << "numvert " << subm.nPoints() << endl;
-
-        forAll(subm.localPoints(), ptI)
+        label faceIndex = 0;
+        forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
         {
-            const point& pt = subm.localPoints()[ptI];
+            const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
 
-            os << pt.x() << ' ' << pt.y() << ' ' << pt.z() << endl;
-        }
+            os  << "OBJECT poly" << nl
+                << "name \"" << zone.name() << "\"\n";
 
-        os << "numsurf " << subm.localFaces().size() << endl;
+            // Create zone with only zone faces included for ease of addressing
+            labelHashSet include(surf.size());
 
-        forAll(subm.localFaces(), localFaceI)
-        {
-            const Face& f = subm.localFaces()[localFaceI];
-
-            os  << "SURF 0x20" << nl          // polygon
-                << "mat " << zoneI << nl
-                << "refs " << f.size() << nl;
-
-            forAll(f, fp)
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
             {
-                os << f[fp] << " 0 0" << nl;
+                const label faceI = faceMap[faceIndex++];
+                include.insert(faceI);
             }
-        }
 
-        os << "kids 0" << endl;
+            UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face> subm = surf.subsetMesh(include);
+
+            // Now we have isolated surface for this patch alone. Write it.
+            os << "numvert " << subm.nPoints() << endl;
+
+            forAll(subm.localPoints(), ptI)
+            {
+                const point& pt = subm.localPoints()[ptI];
+
+                os << pt.x() << ' ' << pt.y() << ' ' << pt.z() << endl;
+            }
+
+            os << "numsurf " << subm.localFaces().size() << endl;
+
+            forAll(subm.localFaces(), localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = subm.localFaces()[localFaceI];
+
+                os  << "SURF 0x20" << nl          // polygon
+                    << "mat " << zoneI << nl
+                    << "refs " << f.size() << nl;
+
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << f[fp] << " 0 0" << nl;
+                }
+            }
+
+            os << "kids 0" << endl;
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormat.H
index 24aa25df18..0334538220 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@ Description
     http://www.inivis.com/ac3d/man/ac3dfileformat.html
 
 Note
-   The faces are already organized as zones.
-   The output is always sorted by zones.
+    On input, the faces are already organized as zones.
+    The output is always sorted by zones.
+    In the absence of zones, a single zone will be assigned.
 
 SourceFiles
     AC3DsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -42,9 +43,8 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef AC3DsurfaceFormat_H
 #define AC3DsurfaceFormat_H
 
-#include "Ostream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 #include "AC3DsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 
@@ -99,58 +99,20 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
+        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface, the output is always sorted by zones.
+        static void write(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
+
+
         //- Read from file
         virtual bool read(const fileName&);
 
-        //- Write surface mesh components
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const pointField&,
-            const List<Face>&,
-            const List<surfZone>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output is always sorted by zones.
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output is always sorted by zones.
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
         //- Write object
-        virtual void write(Ostream& os) const
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
         {
-            write(os, *this);
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
         }
 
 };
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormatCore.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormatCore.H
index 93619e5a9b..1c3e5dc828 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormatCore.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormatCore.H
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef AC3DsurfaceFormatCore_H
 #define AC3DsurfaceFormatCore_H
 
+#include "IFstream.H"
 #include "Ostream.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index ba802d1656..05bf9d0ffa 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ac3d/AC3DsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "AC3DsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// read MeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
     ac
 );
 
-
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     AC3DsurfaceFormat,
     face,
     write,
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     AC3DsurfaceFormat,
     triFace,
     write,
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 
 
+// write UnsortedMeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
     UnsortedMeshedSurface,
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ftr/FTRsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ftr/FTRsurfaceFormat.H
index fa7401890f..25883d4eb3 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ftr/FTRsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ftr/FTRsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Class
     Foam::fileFormats::FTRsurfaceFormat
 
 Description
-    Reading of the (now deprecated and barely used) Foam Trisurface Format.
+    Reading of the (now deprecated and infrequently used)
+    Foam Trisurface Format.
 
 SourceFiles
     FTRsurfaceFormat.C
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ftr/FTRsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ftr/FTRsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index a632ab0e48..e52c952b9d 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ftr/FTRsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ftr/FTRsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "FTRsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// read UnsortedMeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     UnsortedMeshedSurface,
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormat.C
index 0ac2f27a35..a8b70d864e 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -25,9 +25,12 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "GTSsurfaceFormat.H"
+#include "surfaceFormatsCore.H"
 #include "clock.H"
 #include "IFstream.H"
 #include "IStringStream.H"
+#include "Ostream.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -80,9 +83,9 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
 
 
     // write directly into the lists:
-    pointField&  pointLst  = this->storedPoints();
-    List<Face>&  faceLst   = this->storedFaces();
-    List<label>& zoneIds = this->storedZoneIds();
+    pointField&  pointLst = this->storedPoints();
+    List<Face>&  faceLst  = this->storedFaces();
+    List<label>& zoneIds  = this->storedZoneIds();
 
     pointLst.setSize(nPoints);
     faceLst.setSize(nElems);
@@ -217,6 +220,7 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
     }
 
     this->storedZoneToc().transfer(newZones);
+
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -224,19 +228,24 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
+    const fileName& filename,
     const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
     const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
     const List<Face>& faceLst  = surf.faces();
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst = surf.zones();
 
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size()
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : surfaceFormatsCore::oneZone(faceLst)
+    );
 
     // check if output triangulation would be required
     // It is too annoying to triangulate on-the-fly
     // just issue a warning and get out
-    if (!surf.isTri())
+    if (!MeshedSurface<Face>::isTri())
     {
         label nNonTris = 0;
         forAll(faceLst, faceI)
@@ -252,7 +261,7 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
             FatalErrorIn
             (
                 "fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat::write"
-                "(Ostream&, const MeshedSurface<Face>&)"
+                "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurface<Face>&)"
             )
                 << "Surface has " << nNonTris << "/" << faceLst.size()
                 << " non-triangulated faces - not writing!" << endl;
@@ -260,16 +269,30 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
         }
     }
 
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurface<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
     // Write header, print zone names as comment
     os  << "# GTS file" << nl
         << "# Zones:" << nl;
 
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
     {
         os  << "#     " << zoneI << "    "
-            << zoneLst[zoneI].name() << nl;
+            << zones[zoneI].name() << nl;
     }
-    os  << "#" << endl;
+    os  << "#" << nl;
 
     os  << "# nPoints  nEdges  nTriangles" << nl
         << pointLst.size() << ' ' << surf.nEdges() << ' '
@@ -279,9 +302,9 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
     // Write vertex coords
     forAll(pointLst, pointI)
     {
-        os  << pointLst[pointI].x() << ' '
-            << pointLst[pointI].y() << ' '
-            << pointLst[pointI].z() << endl;
+        const point& pt = pointLst[pointI];
+
+        os  << pt.x() << ' ' << pt.y() << ' ' << pt.z() << nl;
     }
 
 
@@ -300,9 +323,9 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
     const labelListList& faceEs = surf.faceEdges();
 
     label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
     {
-        const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
 
         forAll(zone, localFaceI)
         {
@@ -320,19 +343,19 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
+    const fileName& filename,
     const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
     const pointField& pointLst   = surf.points();
     const List<Face>& faceLst    = surf.faces();
-    const List<label>& zoneIds = surf.zoneIds();
+    const List<label>& zoneIds   = surf.zoneIds();
     const List<surfZoneIdentifier>& zoneToc = surf.zoneToc();
 
     // check if output triangulation would be required
     // It is too annoying to triangulate on-the-fly
     // just issue a warning and get out
-    if (!surf.isTri())
+    if (!MeshedSurface<Face>::isTri())
     {
         label nNonTris = 0;
         forAll(faceLst, faceI)
@@ -348,7 +371,7 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
             FatalErrorIn
             (
                 "fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat::write"
-                "(Ostream&, const UnsortedMeshedSurfaces<Face>&)"
+                "(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurfaces<Face>&)"
             )
                 << "Surface has " << nNonTris << "/" << faceLst.size()
                 << " non-triangulated faces - not writing!" << endl;
@@ -356,6 +379,20 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
         }
     }
 
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::GTSsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
     // Write header, print zone names as comment
     os  << "# GTS file" << nl
         << "# Zones:" << nl;
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormat.H
index be4a7411e4..91ef7227c7 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ Class
 
 Description
     Provide a means of reading/writing GTS format.
-    The output is never sorted by zone.
+    The output is never sorted by zone and is only written if it consists
+    entirely of triangles.
 
 SourceFiles
     GTSsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -37,9 +38,8 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef GTSsurfaceFormat_H
 #define GTSsurfaceFormat_H
 
-#include "Ostream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -90,49 +90,20 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
+        //- Write MeshedSurface
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurface<Face>&);
+
+        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface, the output remains unsorted
+        static void write(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
+
+
         //- Read from file
         virtual bool read(const fileName&);
 
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output remains unsorted
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output remains unsorted
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
         //- Write object
-        virtual void write(Ostream& os) const
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
         {
-            write(os, *this);
+            write(name, *this);
         }
 
 };
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index 8d34c0cc17..d3268962d2 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/gts/GTSsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "GTSsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// read UnsortedMeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     UnsortedMeshedSurface,
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
     gts
 );
 
+// write MeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
     gts
 );
 
+// write UnsortedMeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
     UnsortedMeshedSurface,
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormat.C
index adfa807a62..4933afa9d4 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::NASsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
     Map<label>          lookup;
 
     // assume the types are not intermixed
+    // leave faces that didn't have a group in 0
     bool sorted = true;
     label zoneI = 0;
 
@@ -89,10 +90,6 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::NASsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
     label ansaId = -1;
     word  ansaType, ansaName;
 
-    // leave faces that didn't have a group in 0
-    //    label groupID = 0;
-    //    label maxGroupID = -1;
-
     // A single warning per unrecognized command
     HashSet<word> unhandledCmd;
 
@@ -374,8 +371,8 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::NASsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
     List<word> names(dynSizes.size());
     forAllConstIter(Map<label>, lookup, iter)
     {
-        const label zoneI = iter();
-        const label groupI  = iter.key();
+        const label zoneI  = iter();
+        const label groupI = iter.key();
 
         Map<word>::const_iterator fnd = nameLookup.find(groupI);
         if (fnd != nameLookup.end())
@@ -388,7 +385,6 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::NASsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
         }
     }
 
-
     sortFacesAndStore(dynFaces.xfer(), dynZones.xfer(), sorted);
 
     // add zones, culling empty ones
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormat.H
index 83d735acb3..46ea1e59c3 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -44,9 +44,8 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef NASsurfaceFormat_H
 #define NASsurfaceFormat_H
 
-#include "Ostream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 #include "NASsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormatCore.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormatCore.C
index 568f902e31..af182980ba 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormatCore.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormatCore.C
@@ -25,14 +25,13 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "NASsurfaceFormatCore.H"
-#include "IFstream.H"
 #include "IStringStream.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-// Do weird things to extract number
+// Do weird things to extract a floating point number
 Foam::scalar Foam::fileFormats::NASsurfaceFormatCore::parseNASCoord
 (
     const string& s
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index 46d9f4aeb1..7bebc54830 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/nas/NASsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "NASsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,8 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
-// .bdf (Bulk Data Format)
-// .nas (Nastran)
+// read MeshedSurface - .bdf (Bulk Data Format)
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
@@ -55,6 +53,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
     nas
 );
 
+// read MeshedSurface - .nas (Nastran)
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormat.C
index db4295ce64..47ae2122eb 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -25,8 +25,11 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "OBJsurfaceFormat.H"
+#include "clock.H"
 #include "IFstream.H"
 #include "IStringStream.H"
+#include "Ostream.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "ListOps.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -213,84 +216,108 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::OBJsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::OBJsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const List<Face>& faceLst,
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    writeHeader(os, pointLst, faceLst.size(), zoneLst);
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    // for no zones, suppress the group name
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size() > 1
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst, "")
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::OBJsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
+    os  << "# Wavefront OBJ file written " << clock::dateTime().c_str() << nl
+        << "o " << os.name().lessExt().name() << nl
+        << nl
+        << "# points : " << pointLst.size() << nl
+        << "# faces  : " << faceLst.size() << nl
+        << "# zones  : " << zones.size() << nl;
+
+    // Print zone names as comment
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
+    {
+        os  << "#   " << zoneI << "  " << zones[zoneI].name()
+            << "  (nFaces: " << zones[zoneI].size() << ")" << nl;
+    }
+
+    os  << nl
+        << "# <points count=\"" << pointLst.size() << "\">" << nl;
+
+    // Write vertex coords
+    forAll(pointLst, ptI)
+    {
+        const point& pt = pointLst[ptI];
+
+        os  << "v " << pt.x() << ' '  << pt.y() << ' '  << pt.z() << nl;
+    }
+
+    os  << "# </points>" << nl
+        << nl
+        << "# <faces count=\"" << faceLst.size() << "\">" << endl;
+
 
     label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
     {
-        const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
 
-        os << "g " << zone.name() << endl;
-
-        forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+        if (zone.name().size())
         {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+            os << "g " << zone.name() << endl;
+        }
 
-            os << 'f';
-            forAll(f, fp)
+        if (useFaceMap)
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
             {
-                os << ' ' << f[fp] + 1;
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
+
+                os << 'f';
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << ' ' << f[fp] + 1;
+                }
+                os << endl;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+
+                os << 'f';
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << ' ' << f[fp] + 1;
+                }
+                os << endl;
             }
-            os << endl;
         }
     }
     os << "# </faces>" << endl;
 }
 
 
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::OBJsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    Ostream& os,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    write(os, surf.points(), surf.faces(), surf.zones());
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::OBJsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    Ostream& os,
-    const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    const List<Face>& faceLst = surf.faces();
-
-    labelList faceMap;
-    List<surfZone> zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
-
-    writeHeader(os, surf.points(), faceLst.size(), zoneLst);
-
-    label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
-    {
-        // Print all faces belonging to this zone
-        const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
-
-        os << "g " << zone.name() << endl;
-
-        forAll(zone, localFaceI)
-        {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
-
-            os << 'f';
-            forAll(f, fp)
-            {
-                os << ' ' << f[fp] + 1;
-            }
-            os << endl;
-        }
-    }
-
-    os << "# </faces>" << endl;
-}
-
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormat.H
index d9acc483ab..424074b0f0 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -38,11 +38,9 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef OBJsurfaceFormat_H
 #define OBJsurfaceFormat_H
 
-#include "Ostream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
-#include "OBJsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -58,8 +56,7 @@ namespace fileFormats
 template<class Face>
 class OBJsurfaceFormat
 :
-    public MeshedSurface<Face>,
-    public OBJsurfaceFormatCore
+    public MeshedSurface<Face>
 {
     // Private Member Functions
 
@@ -95,58 +92,16 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
         //- Read from file
         virtual bool read(const fileName&);
 
-        //- Write surface mesh components
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const pointField&,
-            const List<Face>&,
-            const List<surfZone>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
+        //- Write object file
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
         {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output is sorted by zones
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output is sorted by zones
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
-        //- Write object
-        virtual void write(Ostream& os) const
-        {
-            write(os, *this);
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
         }
 
 };
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index 4752aaf53b..6c6789a3ad 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "OBJsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// read MeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
     obj
 );
 
-
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     OBJsurfaceFormat,
     face,
     write,
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     OBJsurfaceFormat,
     triFace,
     write,
@@ -73,26 +73,6 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
     obj
 );
 
-addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
-(
-    UnsortedMeshedSurface,
-    OBJsurfaceFormat,
-    face,
-    write,
-    fileExtension,
-    obj
-);
-addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
-(
-    UnsortedMeshedSurface,
-    OBJsurfaceFormat,
-    triFace,
-    write,
-    fileExtension,
-    obj
-);
-
-
 }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormat.C
index 7e73affa17..531e599f25 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -25,8 +25,11 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "OFFsurfaceFormat.H"
+#include "clock.H"
 #include "IFstream.H"
 #include "IStringStream.H"
+#include "Ostream.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -60,7 +63,7 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
     {
         FatalErrorIn
         (
-            "fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat<Face>::read(const fileName&)"
+            "fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat::read(const fileName&)"
         )
             << "Cannot read file " << filename
             << exit(FatalError);
@@ -72,7 +75,7 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
     {
         FatalErrorIn
         (
-            "fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat<Face>::read(const fileName&)"
+            "fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat::read(const fileName&)"
         )
             << "OFF file " << filename << " does not start with 'OFF'"
             << exit(FatalError);
@@ -142,11 +145,9 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
         }
     }
 
-    // transfer to normal lists
-    reset(pointLst.xfer(), dynFaces.xfer());
+    // transfer to normal lists, no zone information
+    reset(pointLst.xfer(), dynFaces.xfer(), Xfer<surfZoneList>());
 
-    // no zone information
-    this->oneZone();
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -154,81 +155,97 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const List<Face>& faceLst,
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    writeHeader(os, pointLst, faceLst.size(), zoneLst);
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst = surf.surfZones();
 
-    label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
     {
-        os << "# <zone name=\"" << zoneLst[zoneI].name() << "\">" << endl;
-
-        forAll(zoneLst[zoneI], localFaceI)
-        {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
-
-            os << f.size();
-            forAll(f, fp)
-            {
-                os << ' ' << f[fp];
-            }
-
-            // add optional zone information
-            os << ' ' << zoneI << endl;
-        }
-        os << "# </zone>" << endl;
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
     }
-    os << "# </faces>" << endl;
-}
 
+    // Write header
+    os  << "OFF" << endl
+        << "# Geomview OFF file written " << clock::dateTime().c_str() << nl
+        << nl
+        << "# points : " << pointLst.size() << nl
+        << "# faces  : " << faceLst.size() << nl
+        << "# zones  : " << zoneLst.size() << nl;
 
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    Ostream& os,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    write(os, surf.points(), surf.faces(), surf.zones());
-}
+    // Print zone names as comment
+    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    {
+        os  << "#   " << zoneI << "  " << zoneLst[zoneI].name()
+            << "  (nFaces: " << zoneLst[zoneI].size() << ")" << nl;
+    }
 
+    os  << nl
+        << "# nPoints  nFaces  nEdges" << nl
+        << pointLst.size() << ' ' << faceLst.size() << ' ' << 0 << nl
+        << nl
+        << "# <points count=\"" << pointLst.size() << "\">" << endl;
 
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    Ostream& os,
-    const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    const List<Face>& faceLst = surf.faces();
+    // Write vertex coords
+    forAll(pointLst, ptI)
+    {
+        os  << pointLst[ptI].x() << ' '
+            << pointLst[ptI].y() << ' '
+            << pointLst[ptI].z() << " #" << ptI << endl;
+    }
 
-    labelList faceMap;
-    List<surfZone> zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
-
-    writeHeader(os, surf.points(), faceLst.size(), zoneLst);
+    os  << "# </points>" << nl
+        << nl
+        << "# <faces count=\"" << faceLst.size() << "\">" << endl;
 
     label faceIndex = 0;
     forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
     {
         os << "# <zone name=\"" << zoneLst[zoneI].name() << "\">" << endl;
 
-        forAll(zoneLst[zoneI], localFaceI)
+        if (surf.useFaceMap()) 
         {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
-
-            os << f.size();
-            forAll(f, fp)
+            forAll(zoneLst[zoneI], localFaceI)
             {
-                os << ' ' << f[fp];
-            }
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
 
-            // add optional zone information
-            os << ' ' << zoneI << endl;
+                os << f.size();
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << ' ' << f[fp];
+                }
+
+                // add optional zone information
+                os << ' ' << zoneI << endl;
+            }
         }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zoneLst[zoneI], localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+
+                os << f.size();
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << ' ' << f[fp];
+                }
+
+                // add optional zone information
+                os << ' ' << zoneI << endl;
+            }
+        }        
         os << "# </zone>" << endl;
     }
     os << "# </faces>" << endl;
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormat.H
index 669be5a9a5..bc3f608add 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -46,11 +46,9 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef OFFsurfaceFormat_H
 #define OFFsurfaceFormat_H
 
-#include "Ostream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
-#include "OFFsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -66,8 +64,7 @@ namespace fileFormats
 template<class Face>
 class OFFsurfaceFormat
 :
-    public MeshedSurface<Face>,
-    public OFFsurfaceFormatCore
+    public MeshedSurface<Face>
 {
     // Private Member Functions
 
@@ -101,58 +98,17 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
+
         //- Read from file
         virtual bool read(const fileName&);
 
-        //- Write surface mesh components
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const pointField&,
-            const List<Face>&,
-            const List<surfZone>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output is sorted by zone.
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output is sorted by zone.
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
         //- Write object
-        virtual void write(Ostream& os) const
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
         {
-            write(os, *this);
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
         }
 
 };
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index 8a848788be..5989f60bf0 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "OFFsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// read MeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
     off
 );
 
-
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     OFFsurfaceFormat,
     face,
     write,
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     OFFsurfaceFormat,
     triFace,
     write,
@@ -74,25 +74,6 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 
 
-addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
-(
-    UnsortedMeshedSurface,
-    OFFsurfaceFormat,
-    face,
-    write,
-    fileExtension,
-    off
-);
-addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
-(
-    UnsortedMeshedSurface,
-    OFFsurfaceFormat,
-    triFace,
-    write,
-    fileExtension,
-    off
-);
-
 }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormat.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3368ff3138
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "OFSsurfaceFormat.H"
+#include "IFstream.H"
+#include "IStringStream.H"
+#include "ListOps.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>::OFSsurfaceFormat
+(
+    const fileName& filename
+)
+{
+    read(filename);
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+bool Foam::fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
+(
+    const fileName& filename
+)
+{
+    this->clear();
+
+    IFstream is(filename);
+    if (!is.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat::read(const fileName&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot read file " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    // read surfZones:
+    is >> this->storedZones();
+
+    // read points:
+    is >> this->storedPoints();
+
+    // must triangulate?
+    if (MeshedSurface<Face>::isTri())
+    {
+        // read faces as 'face' and transcribe to 'triFace'
+        List<face> faceLst(is);
+
+        MeshedSurface<face> surf
+        (
+            xferMove(this->storedPoints()),
+            xferMove(faceLst),
+            xferMove(this->storedZones())
+        );
+
+        this->transcribe(surf);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // read faces directly
+        is >> this->storedFaces();
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+bool Foam::fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
+(
+    Istream& is,
+    pointField& pointLst,
+    List<Face>& faceLst,
+    List<surfZone>& zoneLst
+)
+{
+    if (!is.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat::read"
+            "(Istream&, pointField&, List<Face>&, List<surfZone>&)"
+        )
+            << "read error "
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    // read surfZones:
+    is >> zoneLst;
+
+    // read points:
+    is >> pointLst;
+
+    // must triangulate?
+    if (MeshedSurface<Face>::isTri())
+    {
+        // read faces as 'face' and transcribe to 'triFace'
+        List<face> origFaces(is);
+
+        MeshedSurface<face> origSurf
+        (
+            xferMove(pointLst),
+            xferMove(origFaces),
+            xferMove(zoneLst)
+        );
+
+        MeshedSurface<Face> surf;
+        surf.transcribe(origSurf);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // read faces directly
+        is >> faceLst;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+bool Foam::fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
+(
+    Istream& is,
+    MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
+)
+{
+    surf.clear();
+
+    if (!is.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat::read"
+            "(Istream&, MeshedSurface<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "read error "
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    pointField pointLst;
+    List<Face> faceLst;
+    List<surfZone> zoneLst;
+
+    read(is, pointLst, faceLst, zoneLst);
+
+    surf.reset
+    (
+        xferMove(pointLst),
+        xferMove(faceLst),
+        xferMove(zoneLst)
+    );
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+template<class Face>
+bool Foam::fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
+(
+    Istream& is,
+    UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
+)
+{
+    surf.clear();
+    MeshedSurface<Face> origSurf(is);
+    surf.transfer(origSurf);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
+(
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
+)
+{
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
+    OFSsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeader(os, surf.points(), surf.surfZones());
+
+    const List<surfZone>& zones = surf.surfZones();
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+    if (useFaceMap)
+    {
+        os  << "\n// faces:"  << nl
+            << faceLst.size() << token::BEGIN_LIST << nl;
+
+        label faceI = 0;
+        forAll(zones, zoneI)
+        {
+            // Print all faces belonging to this zone
+            const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
+
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                os << faceLst[faceMap[faceI++]] << nl;
+            }
+        }
+        os << token::END_LIST << nl;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        os  << "\n// faces:"  << nl << faceLst << nl;
+    }
+
+    IOobject::writeDivider(os);
+
+    // Check state of Ostream
+    os.check("OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>::write(Ostream&)");
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormat.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e550d04e7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormat
+
+Description
+    Provide a means of reading/writing the single-file OpenFOAM surface format.
+
+Note
+   This class provides more methods than the regular surface format interface.x
+
+SourceFiles
+    OFSsurfaceFormat.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef OFSsurfaceFormat_H
+#define OFSsurfaceFormat_H
+
+#include "Ostream.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
+#include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
+#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+#include "OFSsurfaceFormatCore.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace fileFormats
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                      Class OFSsurfaceFormat Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+template<class Face>
+class OFSsurfaceFormat
+:
+    public MeshedSurface<Face>,
+    public OFSsurfaceFormatCore
+{
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
+        OFSsurfaceFormat(const OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>&);
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
+        void operator=(const OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>&);
+
+public:
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from file name
+        OFSsurfaceFormat(const fileName&);
+
+    // Selectors
+
+        //- Read file and return surface
+        static autoPtr<MeshedSurface<Face> > New(const fileName& name)
+        {
+            return autoPtr<MeshedSurface<Face> >
+            (
+                new OFSsurfaceFormat<Face>(name)
+            );
+        }
+
+    // Destructor
+
+        virtual ~OFSsurfaceFormat()
+        {}
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Read surface mesh components
+        static bool read
+        (
+            Istream&,
+            pointField&,
+            List<Face>&,
+            List<surfZone>&
+        );
+
+        //- Read MeshedSurface
+        static bool read
+        (
+            Istream&,
+            MeshedSurface<Face>&
+        );
+
+        //- Read UnsortedMeshedSurface
+        //  The output is sorted by zones
+        static bool read
+        (
+            Istream&,
+            UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
+        );
+
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
+
+        //- Read from file
+        virtual bool read(const fileName&);
+
+        //- Write object
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
+        {
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
+        }
+
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace fileFormats
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#ifdef NoRepository
+#   include "OFSsurfaceFormat.C"
+#endif
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatCore.C
similarity index 59%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.C
rename to src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatCore.C
index 0095dc9279..09b4324f38 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatCore.C
@@ -24,48 +24,53 @@ License
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.H"
+#include "OFSsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 #include "clock.H"
 
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-void Foam::fileFormats::SMESHsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeader
+void Foam::fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeader
 (
     Ostream& os,
     const pointField& pointLst,
-    const label nFaces
+    const UList<surfZone>& zoneLst
 )
 {
-    // Write header
-    os << "# tetgen .smesh file written " << clock::dateTime().c_str() << nl;
-    os << "# <points count=\"" << pointLst.size() << "\">" << endl;
-    os << pointLst.size() << " 3" << nl;    // 3: dimensions
+    // just emit some information until we get a nice IOobject
+    IOobject::writeBanner(os)
+        << "// OpenFOAM Surface Format - written "
+        << clock::dateTime().c_str() << nl
+        << "// ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~" << nl << nl
+        << "// surfZones:" << nl;
 
-    // Write vertex coords
-    forAll(pointLst, ptI)
+
+    // treat a single zone as being unzoned
+    if (zoneLst.size() <= 1)
     {
-        os  << ptI
-            << ' ' << pointLst[ptI].x()
-            << ' ' << pointLst[ptI].y()
-            << ' ' << pointLst[ptI].z() << nl;
+        os  << "0" << token::BEGIN_LIST << token::END_LIST << nl << nl;
     }
-    os  << "# </points>" << nl
-        << nl
-        << "# <faces count=\"" << nFaces << "\">" << endl;
+    else
+    {
+        os  << zoneLst.size() << nl << token::BEGIN_LIST << incrIndent << nl;
 
-    os  << nFaces << " 1" << endl;   // one attribute: zone number
+        forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+        {
+            zoneLst[zoneI].writeDict(os);
+        }
+        os  << decrIndent << token::END_LIST << nl << nl;
+    }
+
+    // Note: write with global point numbering
+
+    IOobject::writeDivider(os)
+        << "\n// points:" << nl << pointLst << nl;
+
+    IOobject::writeDivider(os);
 }
 
 
-void Foam::fileFormats::SMESHsurfaceFormatCore::writeTail(Ostream& os)
-{
-    os  << "# </faces>" << nl
-        << nl
-        << "# no holes or regions:" << nl
-        << '0' << nl        // holes
-        << '0' << endl;     // regions
-}
-
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatCore.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatCore.H
similarity index 86%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatCore.H
rename to src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatCore.H
index 42e48f75f6..d9d7ef5cd3 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatCore.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatCore.H
@@ -23,18 +23,18 @@ License
     Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 
 Class
-    Foam::fileFormats::OBJsurfaceFormatCore
+    Foam::fileFormats::OFSsurfaceFormatCore
 
 Description
-    Internal class used by the OBJsurfaceFormat
+    Internal class used by the OFSsurfaceFormat
 
 SourceFiles
-    OBJsurfaceFormatCore.C
+    OFSsurfaceFormatCore.C
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef OBJsurfaceFormatCore_H
-#define OBJsurfaceFormatCore_H
+#ifndef OFSsurfaceFormatCore_H
+#define OFSsurfaceFormatCore_H
 
 #include "Ostream.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
@@ -49,20 +49,19 @@ namespace fileFormats
 {
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                    Class OBJsurfaceFormatCore Declaration
+                    Class OFSsurfaceFormatCore Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-class OBJsurfaceFormatCore
+class OFSsurfaceFormatCore
 {
 protected:
     // Protected Member Functions
 
-    //- Write header information with points
+    //- Write header information and surfZoneList
     static void writeHeader
     (
         Ostream&,
         const pointField&,
-        const label nFaces,
         const UList<surfZone>&
     );
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fc1e609d67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/ofs/OFSsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "OFSsurfaceFormat.H"
+
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace fileFormats
+{
+
+// read MeshedSurface
+addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
+(
+    MeshedSurface,
+    OFSsurfaceFormat,
+    face,
+    fileExtension,
+    ofs
+);
+addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
+(
+    MeshedSurface,
+    OFSsurfaceFormat,
+    triFace,
+    fileExtension,
+    ofs
+);
+
+
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
+addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
+(
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
+    OFSsurfaceFormat,
+    face,
+    write,
+    fileExtension,
+    ofs
+);
+addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
+(
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
+    OFSsurfaceFormat,
+    triFace,
+    write,
+    fileExtension,
+    ofs
+);
+
+
+}
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormat.C
index 3aba1aa744..c354f4ce5a 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "SMESHsurfaceFormat.H"
+#include "clock.H"
+#include "IFstream.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
+#include "Ostream.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -41,76 +45,98 @@ Foam::fileFormats::SMESHsurfaceFormat<Face>::SMESHsurfaceFormat()
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::SMESHsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const List<Face>& faceLst,
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    writeHeader(os, pointLst, faceLst.size());
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size() > 1
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst)
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::SMESHsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
+    // Write header
+    os  << "# tetgen .smesh file written " << clock::dateTime().c_str() << nl
+        << "# <points count=\"" << pointLst.size() << "\">" << nl
+        << pointLst.size() << " 3" << nl;    // 3: dimensions
+
+    // Write vertex coords
+    forAll(pointLst, ptI)
+    {
+        const point& pt = pointLst[ptI];
+
+        os  << ptI << ' ' << pt.x() << ' ' << pt.y() << ' ' << pt.z() << nl;
+    }
+    os  << "# </points>" << nl
+        << nl
+        << "# <faces count=\"" << faceLst.size() << "\">" << endl;
+
+    os  << faceLst.size() << " 1" << endl;   // one attribute: zone number
+
 
     label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
     {
-        forAll(zoneLst[zoneI], localFaceI)
-        {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
 
-            os << f.size();
-            forAll(f, fp)
+        if (useFaceMap)
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
             {
-                os << ' ' << f[fp];
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
+
+                os << f.size();
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << ' ' << f[fp];
+                }
+                os << ' ' << zoneI << endl;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zones[zoneI], localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+
+                os << f.size();
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << ' ' << f[fp];
+                }
+                os << ' ' << zoneI << endl;
             }
-            os << ' ' << zoneI << endl;
         }
     }
 
-    writeTail(os);
-}
+    // write tail
 
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::SMESHsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    Ostream& os,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    write(os, surf.points(), surf.faces(), surf.zones());
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::SMESHsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    Ostream& os,
-    const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    const List<Face>& faceLst = surf.faces();
-
-    writeHeader(os, surf.points(), faceLst.size());
-
-    labelList faceMap;
-    List<surfZone> zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
-
-    label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
-    {
-        forAll(zoneLst[zoneI], localFaceI)
-        {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
-
-            os << f.size();
-            forAll(f, fp)
-            {
-                os << ' ' << f[fp];
-            }
-            os << ' ' << zoneI << endl;
-        }
-    }
-
-    writeTail(os);
+    os  << "# </faces>" << nl
+        << nl
+        << "# no holes or regions:" << nl
+        << '0' << nl        // holes
+        << '0' << endl;     // regions
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormat.H
index 4ddc438cbb..c3a472da3f 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -42,12 +42,9 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef SMESHsurfaceFormat_H
 #define SMESHsurfaceFormat_H
 
-#include "IFstream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
-#include "Ostream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
-#include "SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -63,8 +60,7 @@ namespace fileFormats
 template<class Face>
 class SMESHsurfaceFormat
 :
-    public MeshedSurface<Face>,
-    public SMESHsurfaceFormatCore
+    public MeshedSurface<Face>
 {
     // Private Member Functions
 
@@ -91,55 +87,14 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        //- Write surface mesh components
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const pointField&,
-            const List<Face>&,
-            const List<surfZone>&
-        );
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
 
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output is sorted by zone.
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output is sorted by zone.
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
 
         //- Write object
-        virtual void write(Ostream& os) const
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
         {
-            write(os, *this);
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
         }
 
 };
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index 8f041d1bae..e985af30ad 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "SMESHsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,9 +35,10 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     SMESHsurfaceFormat,
     face,
     write,
@@ -47,26 +47,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
-    SMESHsurfaceFormat,
-    triFace,
-    write,
-    fileExtension,
-    smesh
-);
-
-addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
-(
-    UnsortedMeshedSurface,
-    SMESHsurfaceFormat,
-    face,
-    write,
-    fileExtension,
-    smesh
-);
-addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
-(
-    UnsortedMeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     SMESHsurfaceFormat,
     triFace,
     write,
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormat.C
index 4fcac468c2..0daa6de71b 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -41,10 +41,10 @@ inline void Foam::fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormat<Face>::writeShell
 )
 {
     os  << cellId                    // includes 1 offset
-        << " " << starcdShellShape_  // 3(shell) shape
-        << " " << f.size()
-        << " " << cellTableId
-        << " " << starcdShellType_;  // 4(shell)
+        << ' ' << starcdShellShape_  // 3(shell) shape
+        << ' ' << f.size()
+        << ' ' << cellTableId
+        << ' ' << starcdShellType_;  // 4(shell)
 
     // primitives have <= 8 vertices, but prevent overrun anyhow
     // indent following lines for ease of reading
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ inline void Foam::fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormat<Face>::writeShell
         {
             os  << nl << "  " << cellId;
         }
-        os  << " " << f[fp] + 1;
+        os  << ' ' << f[fp] + 1;
         count++;
     }
     os  << endl;
@@ -221,11 +221,23 @@ template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
     const fileName& filename,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const List<Face>& faceLst,
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size() > 1
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst)
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+
     fileName baseName = filename.lessExt();
 
     writePoints(OFstream(baseName + ".vrt")(), pointLst);
@@ -233,14 +245,25 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
     writeHeader(os, "CELL");
 
     label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
     {
-        const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
 
-        forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+        if (useFaceMap)
         {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
-            writeShell(os, f, faceIndex, zoneI + 1);
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
+                writeShell(os, f, faceIndex, zoneI + 1);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+                writeShell(os, f, faceIndex, zoneI + 1);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -250,60 +273,9 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
         OFstream(baseName + ".inp")(),
         pointLst,
         faceLst.size(),
-        zoneLst
-    );
-
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    const fileName& filename,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    write(filename, surf.points(), surf.faces(), surf.zones());
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    const fileName& filename,
-    const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    fileName baseName = filename.lessExt();
-
-    writePoints(OFstream(baseName + ".vrt")(), surf.points());
-    OFstream os(baseName + ".cel");
-    writeHeader(os, "CELL");
-
-    const List<Face>& faceLst = surf.faces();
-    labelList faceMap;
-    List<surfZone> zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
-
-    label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
-    {
-        const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
-
-        forAll(zone, localFaceI)
-        {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
-            writeShell(os, f, faceIndex, zoneI + 1);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // write simple .inp file
-    writeCase
-    (
-        OFstream(baseName + ".inp")(),
-        surf.points(),
-        surf.size(),
-        zoneLst
+        zones
     );
 }
 
+
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormat.H
index a0e8314c26..9bdb435bd7 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -42,9 +42,8 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef STARCDsurfaceFormat_H
 #define STARCDsurfaceFormat_H
 
-#include "Ostream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 #include "STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 
@@ -114,37 +113,17 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
+
         //- Read from file
         virtual bool read(const fileName&);
 
-        //- Write surface mesh components
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName&,
-            const pointField&,
-            const List<Face>&,
-            const List<surfZone>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output is sorted by zones
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write to Ostream as one large file - not really useful
-        virtual void write(Ostream&) const
+        //- Write object
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
         {
-            notImplemented("fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormat::write(Ostream&)");
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
         }
 
 };
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.C
index 0539f41e58..ab052f5229 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.C
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormatCore::readPoints
     {
         FatalErrorIn
         (
-            "fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormatCore::readPoints(const fileName&)"
+            "fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormatCore::readPoints(...)"
         )
             << "Cannot read file " << is.name()
             << exit(FatalError);
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.H
index 0cadd394d2..42d5cc077e 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.H
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Class
     Foam::fileFormats::STARCDsurfaceFormatCore
 
 Description
-    Internal class used by the OBJsurfaceFormat
+    Internal class used by the STARCDsurfaceFormat
 
 SourceFiles
     STARCDsurfaceFormatCore.C
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ SourceFiles
 
 #include "IFstream.H"
 #include "Ostream.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index 612b2c4f92..5affcb9960 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/starcd/STARCDsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "STARCDsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// read MeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
     inp
 );
 
-
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     STARCDsurfaceFormat,
     face,
     write,
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     STARCDsurfaceFormat,
     triFace,
     write,
@@ -74,25 +74,6 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 
 
-addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
-(
-    UnsortedMeshedSurface,
-    STARCDsurfaceFormat,
-    face,
-    write,
-    fileExtension,
-    inp
-);
-addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
-(
-    UnsortedMeshedSurface,
-    STARCDsurfaceFormat,
-    triFace,
-    write,
-    fileExtension,
-    inp
-);
-
 }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormat.C
index bbc1c09730..2f9d54371a 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -111,91 +111,6 @@ inline void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::writeShell
 }
 
 
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::writeBINARY
-(
-    ostream& os,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const List<Face>& faceLst,
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst
-)
-{
-    unsigned int nTris = 0;
-    if (BasicMeshedSurface<Face>::isTri())
-    {
-        nTris = faceLst.size();
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // count triangles for on-the-fly triangulation
-        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-        {
-            nTris += faceLst[faceI].size() - 2;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Write the STL header
-    STLsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeaderBINARY(os, nTris);
-
-    label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
-    {
-        forAll(zoneLst[zoneI], localFaceI)
-        {
-            writeShell
-            (
-                os,
-                pointLst,
-                faceLst[faceIndex++],
-                zoneI
-            );
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::writeBINARY
-(
-    ostream& os,
-    const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    const pointField&  pointLst = surf.points();
-    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
-    const List<label>& zoneIds = surf.zoneIds();
-
-    unsigned int nTris = 0;
-    if (surf.isTri())
-    {
-        nTris = faceLst.size();
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        // count triangles for on-the-fly triangulation
-        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-        {
-            nTris += faceLst[faceI].size() - 2;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Write the STL header
-    STLsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeaderBINARY(os, nTris);
-
-    // always write unsorted
-    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-    {
-        writeShell
-        (
-            os,
-            pointLst,
-            faceLst[faceI],
-            zoneIds[faceI]
-        );
-    }
-}
-
-
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class Face>
@@ -274,25 +189,61 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
 }
 
 
+
 template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
+void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::writeAscii
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const List<Face>& faceLst,
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat::writeAscii"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size() > 1
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst)
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
     label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
     {
         // Print all faces belonging to this zone
-        const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
 
-        os << "solid " << zone.name() << endl;
-        forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+        os << "solid " << zone.name() << nl;
+
+        if (useFaceMap)
         {
-            writeShell(os, pointLst, faceLst[faceIndex++]);
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const label faceI = faceMap[faceIndex++];
+                writeShell(os, pointLst, faceLst[faceI]);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                writeShell(os, pointLst, faceLst[faceIndex++]);
+            }
         }
         os << "endsolid " << zone.name() << endl;
     }
@@ -300,29 +251,116 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 
 
 template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
+void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::writeBinary
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    write(os, surf.points(), surf.faces(), surf.zones());
+    std::ofstream os(filename.c_str(), std::ios::binary);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat::writeBinary"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size() > 1
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst)
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+
+    unsigned int nTris = 0;
+    if (MeshedSurface<Face>::isTri())
+    {
+        nTris = faceLst.size();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // count triangles for on-the-fly triangulation
+        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+        {
+            nTris += faceLst[faceI].size() - 2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Write the STL header
+    STLsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeaderBINARY(os, nTris);
+
+    label faceIndex = 0;
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
+    {
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
+
+        if (useFaceMap)
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                writeShell
+                (
+                    os,
+                    pointLst,
+                    faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]],
+                    zoneI
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                writeShell
+                (
+                    os,
+                    pointLst,
+                    faceLst[faceIndex++],
+                    zoneI
+                );
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 
 template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
+void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::writeAscii
 (
-    Ostream& os,
+    const fileName& filename,
     const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
-    const List<Face>& faceLst  = surf.faces();
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat::writeAscii"
+            "(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
 
+    // a single zone - we can skip sorting
     if (surf.zoneToc().size() == 1)
     {
-        // a single zone - we can skip sorting
+        const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+        const List<Face>& faceLst  = surf.faces();
+
         os << "solid " << surf.zoneToc()[0].name() << endl;
         forAll(faceLst, faceI)
         {
@@ -332,32 +370,82 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
     }
    else
    {
-        labelList faceMap;
-        List<surfZone> zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
+       labelList faceMap;
+       List<surfZone> zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
 
-        label faceIndex = 0;
-        forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
-        {
-            // Print all faces belonging to this zone
-            const surfZone& zone = zoneLst[zoneI];
-
-            os << "solid " << zone.name() << endl;
-            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
-            {
-                const label faceI = faceMap[faceIndex++];
-                writeShell(os, pointLst, faceLst[faceI]);
-            }
-            os << "endsolid " << zone.name() << endl;
-        }
+       writeAscii
+       (
+           filename,
+           MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>
+           (
+               surf.points(),
+               surf.faces(),
+               zoneLst,
+               faceMap
+           )
+       );
    }
 }
 
 
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::writeBinary
+(
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
+)
+{
+    std::ofstream os(filename.c_str(), std::ios::binary);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat::writeBinary"
+            "(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    const pointField&  pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst  = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& zoneIds  = surf.zoneIds();
+
+    unsigned int nTris = 0;
+    if (MeshedSurface<Face>::isTri())
+    {
+        nTris = faceLst.size();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // count triangles for on-the-fly triangulation
+        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+        {
+            nTris += faceLst[faceI].size() - 2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Write the STL header
+    STLsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeaderBINARY(os, nTris);
+
+    // always write unsorted
+    forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+    {
+        writeShell
+        (
+            os,
+            pointLst,
+            faceLst[faceI],
+            zoneIds[faceI]
+        );
+    }
+}
+
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
     const fileName& filename,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
     const word ext = filename.ext();
@@ -365,18 +453,11 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
     // handle 'stlb' as binary directly
     if (ext == "stlb")
     {
-        std::ofstream ofs(filename.c_str(), std::ios::binary);
-        writeBINARY(ofs, surf);
+        writeBinary(filename, surf);
     }
     else
     {
-        write
-        (
-            OFstream(filename)(),
-            surf.points(),
-            surf.faces(),
-            surf.zones()
-        );
+        writeAscii(filename, surf);
     }
 }
 
@@ -393,12 +474,11 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
     // handle 'stlb' as binary directly
     if (ext == "stlb")
     {
-        std::ofstream ofs(filename.c_str(), std::ios::binary);
-        writeBINARY(ofs, surf);
+        writeBinary(filename, surf);
     }
     else
     {
-        write(OFstream(filename)(), surf);
+        writeAscii(filename, surf);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormat.H
index 8fa474455c..ada49101ae 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ SourceFiles
 
 #include "STLsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ class STLsurfaceFormat
 {
     // Private Member Functions
 
-        //- Write Face in ASCII
+        //- Write Face (ASCII)
         static inline void writeShell
         (
             Ostream&,
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ class STLsurfaceFormat
             const Face&
         );
 
-        //- Write Face in BINARY
+        //- Write Face (BINARY)
         static inline void writeShell
         (
             ostream&,
@@ -80,19 +81,6 @@ class STLsurfaceFormat
             const label zoneI
         );
 
-
-        //- Write surface mesh components (as BINARY)
-        static void writeBINARY
-        (
-            ostream&,
-            const pointField&,
-            const List<Face>&,
-            const List<surfZone>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        static void writeBINARY(ostream&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
-
         //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
         STLsurfaceFormat(const STLsurfaceFormat<Face>&);
 
@@ -122,51 +110,50 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        //- Read from file
-        virtual bool read(const fileName&);
-
-        //- Write surface mesh components (as ASCII)
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const pointField&,
-            const List<Face>&,
-            const List<surfZone>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface (as ASCII)
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface (ASCII or BINARY, depending on the extension)
-        static void write
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy (as ASCII)
+        static void writeAscii
         (
             const fileName&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
+            const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&
         );
 
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface (as ASCII) sorted by zone
-        static void write
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy (as BINARY)
+        static void writeBinary
         (
-            Ostream&,
+            const fileName&,
+            const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&
+        );
+
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        //  as ASCII or BINARY, depending on the extension
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
+        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface (as ASCII) sorted by zone
+        static void writeAscii
+        (
+            const fileName&,
+            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
+        );
+
+        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface (as BINARY) unsorted by zone
+        static void writeBinary
+        (
+            const fileName&,
             const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
         );
 
         //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  ASCII output is sorted by zone; binary output is unsorted
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
+        //  as ASCII or BINARY, depending on the extension
+        static void write(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
 
-        //- Write object (only ASCII output)
-        virtual void write(Ostream& os) const
+
+        //- Read from file
+        virtual bool read(const fileName&);
+
+        //- Write object
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
         {
-            write(os, *this);
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
         }
 
 };
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatASCII.L b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatASCII.L
index 74e9ab2245..4bf7880c25 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatASCII.L
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatASCII.L
@@ -403,13 +403,13 @@ endsolid              {space}("endsolid"|"ENDSOLID")({some_space}{word})*
 //
 bool Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormatCore::readASCII
 (
-    IFstream& ifs,
+    istream& is,
     const off_t dataFileSize
 )
 {
     // Create the lexer with the approximate number of vertices in the STL
     // from the file size
-    STLASCIILexer lexer(&ifs.stdStream(), dataFileSize/400);
+    STLASCIILexer lexer(&is, dataFileSize/400);
     while (lexer.lex() != 0) {}
 
     sorted_ = lexer.sorted();
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatCore.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatCore.C
index 6ba5f661e3..f9d052d6ac 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatCore.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatCore.C
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ License
 #include "gzstream.h"
 #include "OSspecific.H"
 #include "Map.H"
+#include "IFstream.H"
+#include "Ostream.H"
 
 #undef DEBUG_STLBINARY
 
@@ -48,8 +50,7 @@ int Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormatCore::detectBINARY
 {
     off_t dataFileSize = Foam::fileSize(filename);
 
-    IFstream ifs(filename, IOstream::BINARY);
-    istream& is = ifs.stdStream();
+    istream& is = IFstream(filename, IOstream::BINARY)().stdStream();
 
     // Read the STL header
     char header[headerSize];
@@ -89,12 +90,11 @@ int Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormatCore::detectBINARY
 
 bool Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormatCore::readBINARY
 (
-    IFstream& ifs,
+    istream& is,
     const off_t dataFileSize
 )
 {
     sorted_ = true;
-    istream& is = ifs.stdStream();
 
     // Read the STL header
     char header[headerSize];
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormatCore::readBINARY
     {
         FatalErrorIn
         (
-            "fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormatCore::readBINARY(IFstream&)"
+            "fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormatCore::readBINARY(istream&)"
         )
             << "problem reading number of triangles, perhaps file is not binary"
             << exit(FatalError);
@@ -230,11 +230,19 @@ Foam::fileFormats::STLsurfaceFormatCore::STLsurfaceFormatCore
     // auto-detect ascii/binary
     if (detectBINARY(filename))
     {
-        readBINARY(IFstream(filename, IOstream::BINARY)(), dataFileSize);
+        readBINARY
+        (
+            IFstream(filename, IOstream::BINARY)().stdStream(),
+            dataFileSize
+        );
     }
     else
     {
-        readASCII(IFstream(filename)(), dataFileSize);
+        readASCII
+        (
+            IFstream(filename)().stdStream(),
+            dataFileSize
+        );
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatCore.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatCore.H
index f7c28a98f1..7e4fe94e8a 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatCore.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatCore.H
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ SourceFiles
 #include "triFace.H"
 #include "IFstream.H"
 #include "Ostream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ namespace fileFormats
 {
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                   Class STLsurfaceFormatCore Declaration
+                    Class STLsurfaceFormatCore Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 class STLsurfaceFormatCore
@@ -84,10 +83,10 @@ class STLsurfaceFormatCore
         static int detectBINARY(const fileName&);
 
         //- Read ASCII
-        bool readASCII(IFstream&, const off_t);
+        bool readASCII(istream&, const off_t);
 
         //- Read BINARY
-        bool readBINARY(IFstream&, const off_t);
+        bool readBINARY(istream&, const off_t);
 
 public:
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index cb3d091d45..8e78ce7675 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/stl/STLsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "STLsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// read MeshedSurface (ascii)
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
     stl
 );
 
+// read MeshedSurface (binary)
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
@@ -71,9 +72,10 @@ addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 );
 
 
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy (ascii)
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     STLsurfaceFormat,
     face,
     write,
@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     STLsurfaceFormat,
     triFace,
     write,
@@ -90,9 +92,10 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
     stl
 );
 
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy (binary)
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     STLsurfaceFormat,
     face,
     write,
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     STLsurfaceFormat,
     triFace,
     write,
@@ -109,6 +112,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
     stlb
 );
 
+// write UnsortedMeshedSurface (ascii)
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
     UnsortedMeshedSurface,
@@ -128,6 +132,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
     stl
 );
 
+// write UnsortedMeshedSurface (binary)
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
     UnsortedMeshedSurface,
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/surfaceFormatsCore.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/surfaceFormatsCore.C
index 81c99e9b0d..3c5a8a7344 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/surfaceFormatsCore.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/surfaceFormatsCore.C
@@ -25,9 +25,10 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "surfaceFormatsCore.H"
+
+#include "Time.H"
 #include "IFstream.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
-#include "Time.H"
 #include "SortableList.H"
 #include "surfMesh.H"
 
@@ -37,13 +38,6 @@ Foam::word Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::nativeExt("ofs");
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-bool
-Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::isNative(const word& ext)
-{
-    return (ext == nativeExt);
-}
-
-
 Foam::string
 Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::getLineNoComment
 (
@@ -60,7 +54,7 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::getLineNoComment
     return line;
 }
 
-
+#if 0
 Foam::fileName
 Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::localMeshFileName(const word& surfName)
 {
@@ -68,9 +62,7 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::localMeshFileName(const word& surfName)
 
     return fileName
     (
-        surfaceRegistry::subInstance
-      / name
-      / surfMesh::meshSubDir
+        surfaceRegistry::prefix/name/surfMesh::meshSubDir
       / name + "." + nativeExt
     );
 }
@@ -79,7 +71,7 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::localMeshFileName(const word& surfName)
 Foam::fileName
 Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::findMeshInstance
 (
-    const Time& d,
+    const Time& t,
     const word& surfName
 )
 {
@@ -88,12 +80,12 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::findMeshInstance
     // Search back through the time directories list to find the time
     // closest to and lower than current time
 
-    instantList ts = d.times();
+    instantList ts = t.times();
     label instanceI;
 
     for (instanceI = ts.size()-1; instanceI >= 0; --instanceI)
     {
-        if (ts[instanceI].value() <= d.timeOutputValue())
+        if (ts[instanceI].value() <= t.timeOutputValue())
         {
             break;
         }
@@ -106,7 +98,7 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::findMeshInstance
     {
         for (label i = instanceI; i >= 0; --i)
         {
-            if (isFile(d.path()/ts[i].name()/localName))
+            if (isFile(t.path()/ts[i].name()/localName))
             {
                 return ts[i].name();
             }
@@ -120,7 +112,7 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::findMeshInstance
 Foam::fileName
 Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::findMeshFile
 (
-    const Time& d,
+    const Time& t,
     const word& surfName
 )
 {
@@ -129,12 +121,12 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::findMeshFile
     // Search back through the time directories list to find the time
     // closest to and lower than current time
 
-    instantList ts = d.times();
+    instantList ts = t.times();
     label instanceI;
 
     for (instanceI = ts.size()-1; instanceI >= 0; --instanceI)
     {
-        if (ts[instanceI].value() <= d.timeOutputValue())
+        if (ts[instanceI].value() <= t.timeOutputValue())
         {
             break;
         }
@@ -147,7 +139,7 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::findMeshFile
     {
         for (label i = instanceI; i >= 0; --i)
         {
-            fileName testName(d.path()/ts[i].name()/localName);
+            fileName testName(t.path()/ts[i].name()/localName);
 
             if (isFile(testName))
             {
@@ -157,94 +149,9 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::findMeshFile
     }
 
     // fallback to "constant"
-    return d.path()/"constant"/localName;
-}
-
-
-// Returns zone info.
-// Sets faceMap to the indexing according to zone numbers.
-// Zone numbers start at 0.
-Foam::surfZoneList
-Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::sortedZonesById
-(
-    const UList<label>& zoneIds,
-    const Map<word>& zoneNames,
-    labelList& faceMap
-)
-{
-    // determine sort order according to zone numbers
-
-    // std::sort() really seems to mix up the order.
-    // and std::stable_sort() might take too long / too much memory
-
-    // Assuming that we have relatively fewer zones compared to the
-    // number of items, just do it ourselves
-
-    // step 1: get zone sizes and store (origId => zoneI)
-    Map<label> lookup;
-    forAll(zoneIds, faceI)
-    {
-        const label origId = zoneIds[faceI];
-
-        Map<label>::iterator fnd = lookup.find(origId);
-        if (fnd != lookup.end())
-        {
-            fnd()++;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            lookup.insert(origId, 1);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // step 2: assign start/size (and name) to the newZones
-    // re-use the lookup to map (zoneId => zoneI)
-    surfZoneList zoneLst(lookup.size());
-    label start = 0;
-    label zoneI = 0;
-    forAllIter(Map<label>, lookup, iter)
-    {
-        label origId = iter.key();
-
-        word name;
-        Map<word>::const_iterator fnd = zoneNames.find(origId);
-        if (fnd != zoneNames.end())
-        {
-            name = fnd();
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            name = word("zone") + ::Foam::name(zoneI);
-        }
-
-        zoneLst[zoneI] = surfZone
-        (
-            name,
-            0,           // initialize with zero size
-            start,
-            zoneI
-        );
-
-        // increment the start for the next zone
-        // and save the (zoneId => zoneI) mapping
-        start += iter();
-        iter() = zoneI++;
-    }
-
-
-    // step 3: build the re-ordering
-    faceMap.setSize(zoneIds.size());
-
-    forAll(zoneIds, faceI)
-    {
-        label zoneI = lookup[zoneIds[faceI]];
-        faceMap[faceI] =
-            zoneLst[zoneI].start() + zoneLst[zoneI].size()++;
-    }
-
-    // with reordered faces registered in faceMap
-    return zoneLst;
+    return t.path()/"constant"/localName;
 }
+#endif
 
 
 bool
@@ -267,7 +174,7 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::checkSupport
 
         Info<<"Unknown file extension for " << functionName
             << " : " << ext << nl
-            <<"Valid types: ( " << nativeExt;
+            <<"Valid types: (";
         // compact output:
         forAll(known, i)
         {
@@ -291,6 +198,7 @@ Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::surfaceFormatsCore()
 Foam::fileFormats::surfaceFormatsCore::~surfaceFormatsCore()
 {}
 
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/surfaceFormatsCore.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/surfaceFormatsCore.H
index b8b227902c..b23ff26719 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/surfaceFormatsCore.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/surfaceFormatsCore.H
@@ -61,39 +61,32 @@ namespace fileFormats
 
 class surfaceFormatsCore
 {
-public:
+protected:
 
-    // Static Data
-
-    //- The file extension corresponding to 'native' surface format
-    //  Normally "ofs" (mnemonic: OF = OpenFOAM, S = Surface)
-    static word nativeExt;
-
-    // Static Member Functions
-
-        //- Check if file extension corresponds to 'native' surface format
-        static bool isNative(const word&);
+        //- Return a list with a single entry,
+        //  the size corresponds to that of the container
+        template<class Container>
+        static List<surfZone> oneZone
+        (
+            const Container& container,
+            const word& name = "zone0"
+        )
+        {
+            return List<surfZone>(1, surfZone(name, container.size(), 0, 0));
+        }
 
         //- Read non-comment line
         static string getLineNoComment(IFstream&);
 
-        //- Return the local file name (within time directory)
-        static fileName localMeshFileName(const word& surfName="");
+public:
 
-        //- Find instance with surfName
-        static fileName findMeshInstance(const Time&, const word& surfName="");
+    // Static Data
 
-        //- Find mesh file with surfName
-        static fileName findMeshFile(const Time&, const word& surfName="");
+        //- The file extension corresponding to 'native' surface format
+        //  Normally "ofs" (mnemonic: OF = OpenFOAM, S = Surface)
+        static word nativeExt;
 
-        //- Determine the sort order from the zone ids.
-        //  Returns zone list and sets faceMap to indices within faceLst
-        static surfZoneList sortedZonesById
-        (
-            const UList<label>& zoneIds,
-            const Map<word>& zoneNames,
-            labelList& faceMap
-        );
+    // Static Member Functions
 
         static bool checkSupport
         (
@@ -103,6 +96,19 @@ public:
             const word& functionName
         );
 
+
+        //- Return the local file name (within time directory)
+        //  NEEDS FIXING
+        static fileName localMeshFileName(const word& surfName="");
+
+        //- Find instance with surfName
+        //  NEEDS FIXING
+        static fileName findMeshInstance(const Time&, const word& surfName="");
+
+        //- Find mesh file with surfName
+        //  NEEDS FIXING
+        static fileName findMeshFile(const Time&, const word& surfName="");
+
     // Constructors
 
         //- Construct null
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormat.C
index 2058b3e8f3..da5d868514 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -131,19 +131,55 @@ bool Foam::fileFormats::TRIsurfaceFormat<Face>::read
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::TRIsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const List<Face>& faceLst,
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
-    label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size() > 1
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst)
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
     {
-        forAll(zoneLst[zoneI], localFaceI)
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::TRIsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    label faceIndex = 0;
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
+    {
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
+
+        if (useFaceMap)
         {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
-            writeShell(os, pointLst, f, zoneI);
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
+                writeShell(os, pointLst, f, zoneI);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+                writeShell(os, pointLst, f, zoneI);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -152,32 +188,37 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::TRIsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::TRIsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    write(os, surf.points(), surf.faces(), surf.zones());
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::TRIsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    Ostream& os,
+    const fileName& filename,
     const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
     const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
     const List<Face>& faceLst  = surf.faces();
 
-    bool doSort = false;
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::TRIsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
     // a single zone needs no sorting
     if (surf.zoneToc().size() == 1)
     {
-        doSort = false;
-    }
+        const List<label>& zoneIds  = surf.zoneIds();
 
-    if (doSort)
+        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
+        {
+            writeShell(os, pointLst, faceLst[faceI], zoneIds[faceI]);
+        }
+    }
+    else
     {
         labelList faceMap;
         List<surfZone> zoneLst = surf.sortedZones(faceMap);
@@ -192,15 +233,6 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::TRIsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
             }
         }
     }
-    else
-    {
-        const List<label>& zoneIds  = surf.zoneIds();
-
-        forAll(faceLst, faceI)
-        {
-            writeShell(os, pointLst, faceLst[faceI], zoneIds[faceI]);
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormat.H
index 6506954b04..557cb60170 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -41,9 +41,8 @@ SourceFiles
 #define TRIsurfaceFormat_H
 
 #include "TRIsurfaceFormatCore.H"
-#include "Ostream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -102,58 +101,21 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
+        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface,
+        //  by default the output is not sorted by zones
+        static void write(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
+
+
         //- Read from file
         virtual bool read(const fileName&);
 
-        //- Write surface mesh components
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const pointField&,
-            const List<Face>&,
-            const List<surfZone>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  By default, the output is not sorted by zones
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  By default, the output is not sorted by zones
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
         //- Write object
-        virtual void write(Ostream& os) const
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
         {
-            write(os, *this);
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
         }
 
 };
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatCore.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatCore.H
index 18855d8696..67b4595280 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatCore.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatCore.H
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ SourceFiles
 
 #include "surfaceFormatsCore.H"
 #include "triFace.H"
+
 #include "IFstream.H"
 #include "Ostream.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index 8dbe5818de..9f333cc4fe 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/tri/TRIsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "TRIsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// read MeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
 (
     MeshedSurface,
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ addNamedTemplatedToRunTimeSelectionTable
     tri
 );
 
-
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     TRIsurfaceFormat,
     face,
     write,
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     TRIsurfaceFormat,
     triFace,
     write,
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
     tri
 );
 
+// write UnsortedMeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
     UnsortedMeshedSurface,
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormat.C
index 9a8723dd3b..c8a1fbf1db 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormat.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -61,53 +61,98 @@ Foam::fileFormats::VTKsurfaceFormat<Face>::VTKsurfaceFormat()
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::VTKsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const pointField& pointLst,
-    const List<Face>& faceLst,
-    const List<surfZone>& zoneLst
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
 )
 {
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size() > 1
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst)
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::VTKsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
     writeHeader(os, pointLst);
     writeHeaderPolygons(os, faceLst);
 
     label faceIndex = 0;
-    forAll(zoneLst, zoneI)
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
     {
-        forAll(zoneLst[zoneI], localFaceI)
-        {
-            const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
 
-            os << f.size();
-            forAll(f, fp)
+        if (useFaceMap)
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
             {
-                os << ' ' << f[fp];
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
+
+                os << f.size();
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << ' ' << f[fp];
+                }
+                os << ' ' << nl;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+
+                os << f.size();
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << ' ' << f[fp];
+                }
+                os << ' ' << nl;
             }
-            os << ' ' << nl;
         }
     }
 
-    writeTail(os, zoneLst);
+    writeTail(os, zones);
 }
 
 
 template<class Face>
 void Foam::fileFormats::VTKsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
 (
-    Ostream& os,
-    const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-)
-{
-    write(os, surf.points(), surf.faces(), surf.zones());
-}
-
-
-template<class Face>
-void Foam::fileFormats::VTKsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
-(
-    Ostream& os,
+    const fileName& filename,
     const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
 )
 {
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::VTKsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+
     const List<Face>& faceLst = surf.faces();
 
     writeHeader(os, surf.points());
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormat.H
index 22dc33ebc1..93e3510ca1 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormat.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -37,9 +37,8 @@ SourceFiles
 #ifndef VTKsurfaceFormat_H
 #define VTKsurfaceFormat_H
 
-#include "Ostream.H"
-#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
 #include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 #include "VTKsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 
@@ -89,55 +88,17 @@ public:
 
         // Write
 
-        //- Write surface mesh components
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const pointField&,
-            const List<Face>&,
-            const List<surfZone>&
-        );
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
 
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
+        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface, the output remains unsorted
+        static void write(const fileName&, const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&);
 
-        //- Write MeshedSurface
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const MeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output remains unsorted
-        static void write
-        (
-            Ostream&,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>&
-        );
-
-        //- Write UnsortedMeshedSurface
-        //  The output remains unsorted
-        static void write
-        (
-            const fileName& name,
-            const UnsortedMeshedSurface<Face>& surf
-        )
-        {
-            write(OFstream(name)(), surf);
-        }
 
         //- Write object
         virtual void write(Ostream& os) const
         {
-            write(os, *this);
+            write(os, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
         }
 
 };
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatCore.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatCore.C
index fefb0de03c..c4059632f1 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatCore.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatCore.C
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::VTKsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeader
     os  << "POINTS " << pointLst.size() << " float" << nl;
     forAll(pointLst, ptI)
     {
-        os  << pointLst[ptI].x() << ' '
-            << pointLst[ptI].y() << ' '
-            << pointLst[ptI].z() << nl;
+        const point& pt = pointLst[ptI];
+
+        os  << pt.x() << ' ' << pt.y() << ' ' << pt.z() << nl;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatCore.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatCore.H
index 5165dfea12..d0f6ed1de5 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatCore.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatCore.H
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ SourceFiles
 #include "Ostream.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
index 5d6877c7fd..bd300b84f7 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/vtk/VTKsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ License
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "VTKsurfaceFormat.H"
-#include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 #include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
 
@@ -36,9 +35,10 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace fileFormats
 {
 
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     VTKsurfaceFormat,
     face,
     write,
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 );
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
-    MeshedSurface,
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
     VTKsurfaceFormat,
     triFace,
     write,
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
     vtk
 );
 
+// write UnsortedMeshedSurface
 addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
 (
     UnsortedMeshedSurface,
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormat.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c17280689e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "WRLsurfaceFormat.H"
+
+#include "Ostream.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
+#include "ListOps.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::fileFormats::WRLsurfaceFormat<Face>::WRLsurfaceFormat()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::fileFormats::WRLsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
+(
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
+)
+{
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    // for no zones, suppress the group name
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size() > 1
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst, "")
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::WRLsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    writeHeader(os, pointLst, faceLst.size(), zones);
+
+    os  << "\n"
+        "Group {\n"
+        " children [\n"
+        "  Shape {\n";
+
+   writeAppearance(os);
+
+   os  <<
+        "   geometry IndexedFaceSet {\n"
+        "    coord Coordinate {\n"
+        "     point [\n";
+
+    // Write vertex coords
+    forAll(pointLst, ptI)
+    {
+        const point& pt = pointLst[ptI];
+
+        os  << pt.x() << ' ' << pt.y() << ' ' << pt.z() << nl;
+    }
+
+    os  <<
+        "     ]\n"                     // end point
+        "    }\n"                      // end coord Coordinate
+        "    coordIndex [\n";
+
+    label faceIndex = 0;
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
+    {
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
+
+        if (useFaceMap)
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
+
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << f[fp] << ' ';
+                }
+                os << "-1,\n";
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << ' ' << f[fp];
+                }
+                os << " -1,\n";
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    os  <<
+        "    ]\n"                      // end coordIndex
+        "   }\n"                       // end geometry IndexedFaceSet
+        "  }\n"                        // end Shape
+        " ]\n"                         // end children
+        "}\n";                         // end Group
+
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormat.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d89613d7b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::fileFormats::WRLsurfaceFormat
+
+Description
+    Provide a means of writing VRML97 (wrl) format.
+
+SourceFiles
+    WRLsurfaceFormat.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef WRLsurfaceFormat_H
+#define WRLsurfaceFormat_H
+
+#include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
+#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+#include "WRLsurfaceFormatCore.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace fileFormats
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                      Class WRLsurfaceFormat Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+template<class Face>
+class WRLsurfaceFormat
+:
+    public MeshedSurface<Face>,
+    public WRLsurfaceFormatCore
+
+{
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
+        WRLsurfaceFormat(const WRLsurfaceFormat<Face>&);
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
+        void operator=(const WRLsurfaceFormat<Face>&);
+
+public:
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct null
+        WRLsurfaceFormat();
+
+    // Selectors
+
+
+    // Destructor
+
+        virtual ~WRLsurfaceFormat()
+        {}
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
+        //- Write object file
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
+        {
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
+        }
+
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace fileFormats
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#ifdef NoRepository
+#   include "WRLsurfaceFormat.C"
+#endif
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatCore.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatCore.C
similarity index 74%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatCore.C
rename to src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatCore.C
index c6062d54fe..b5eb87058a 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/obj/OBJsurfaceFormatCore.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatCore.C
@@ -24,24 +24,24 @@ License
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "OBJsurfaceFormatCore.H"
+#include "WRLsurfaceFormatCore.H"
 #include "clock.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-void Foam::fileFormats::OBJsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeader
+void Foam::fileFormats::WRLsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeader
 (
     Ostream& os,
     const pointField& pointLst,
     const label nFaces,
-    const UList<surfZone>& zoneLst
+    const UList<surfZone>& zoneLst    
 )
 {
-    os  << "# Wavefront OBJ file written " << clock::dateTime().c_str() << nl
-        << "o " << os.name().lessExt().name() << nl
+    os  << "#VRML V2.0 utf8" << nl
         << nl
+        << "# written " << clock::dateTime().c_str() << nl
         << "# points : " << pointLst.size() << nl
         << "# faces  : " << nFaces << nl
         << "# zones  : " << zoneLst.size() << nl;
@@ -53,22 +53,28 @@ void Foam::fileFormats::OBJsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeader
             << "  (nFaces: " << zoneLst[zoneI].size() << ")" << nl;
     }
 
-    os  << nl
-        << "# <points count=\"" << pointLst.size() << "\">" << endl;
 
-    // Write vertex coords
-    forAll(pointLst, ptI)
-    {
-        os  << "v " << pointLst[ptI].x()
-            << ' '  << pointLst[ptI].y()
-            << ' '  << pointLst[ptI].z() << nl;
-    }
-
-    os  << "# </points>" << nl
-        << nl
-        << "# <faces count=\"" << nFaces << "\">" << endl;
 }
 
+
+void Foam::fileFormats::WRLsurfaceFormatCore::writeAppearance
+(
+    Ostream& os
+)
+{
+    os  <<
+        "   appearance Appearance {\n"
+        "    material Material {\n"
+        "     diffuseColor   0.8 0.8 0.8\n"
+        "     specularColor  1.0 1.0 1.0\n"
+        "     shininess      0.5\n"
+        "     transparency   0.0\n"
+        "    }\n"                      // end material
+        "   }\n";                      // end appearance
+
+}
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatCore.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatCore.H
similarity index 85%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatCore.H
rename to src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatCore.H
index e72bc82ee7..a291ff7780 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/off/OFFsurfaceFormatCore.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatCore.H
@@ -23,23 +23,22 @@ License
     Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 
 Class
-    Foam::fileFormats::OFFsurfaceFormatCore
+    Foam::fileFormats::WRLsurfaceFormatCore
 
 Description
-    Internal class used by the OFFsurfaceFormat
+    Internal class used by the WRLsurfaceFormat
 
 SourceFiles
-    OFFsurfaceFormatCore.C
+    WRLsurfaceFormatCore.C
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef OFFsurfaceFormatCore_H
-#define OFFsurfaceFormatCore_H
+#ifndef WRLsurfaceFormatCore_H
+#define WRLsurfaceFormatCore_H
 
 #include "Ostream.H"
 #include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -49,15 +48,15 @@ namespace fileFormats
 {
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                    Class OFFsurfaceFormatCore Declaration
+                    Class WRLsurfaceFormatCore Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-class OFFsurfaceFormatCore
+class WRLsurfaceFormatCore
 {
 protected:
     // Protected Member Functions
 
-    //- Write header information with points
+    //- Write file header
     static void writeHeader
     (
         Ostream&,
@@ -66,6 +65,10 @@ protected:
         const UList<surfZone>&
     );
 
+
+    //- Write appearance node
+    static void writeAppearance(Ostream&);
+
 };
 
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f621be7a98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/wrl/WRLsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "WRLsurfaceFormat.H"
+
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace fileFormats
+{
+
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
+addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
+(
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
+    WRLsurfaceFormat,
+    face,
+    write,
+    fileExtension,
+    wrl
+);
+addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
+(
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
+    WRLsurfaceFormat,
+    triFace,
+    write,
+    fileExtension,
+    wrl
+);
+
+}
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormat.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormat.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2e5afbcb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormat.C
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "X3DsurfaceFormat.H"
+#include "clock.H"
+#include "IFstream.H"
+#include "IStringStream.H"
+#include "Ostream.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
+#include "ListOps.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+Foam::fileFormats::X3DsurfaceFormat<Face>::X3DsurfaceFormat()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Face>
+void Foam::fileFormats::X3DsurfaceFormat<Face>::write
+(
+    const fileName& filename,
+    const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>& surf
+)
+{
+    const pointField& pointLst = surf.points();
+    const List<Face>&  faceLst = surf.faces();
+    const List<label>& faceMap = surf.faceMap();
+
+    // for no zones, suppress the group name
+    const List<surfZone>& zones =
+    (
+        surf.surfZones().size() > 1
+      ? surf.surfZones()
+      : oneZone(faceLst, "")
+    );
+
+    const bool useFaceMap = (surf.useFaceMap() && zones.size() > 1);
+
+    OFstream os(filename);
+    if (!os.good())
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "fileFormats::X3DsurfaceFormat::write"
+            "(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&)"
+        )
+            << "Cannot open file for writing " << filename
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    writeHeader(os);
+
+    os  << "\n"
+        "<Group>\n"
+        " <Shape>\n";
+
+    writeAppearance(os);
+
+
+    // NOTE: we could provide an optimized IndexedTriangleSet output for
+    // triangulated surfaces too
+
+    os  <<
+        "  <IndexedFaceSet coordIndex='\n";
+
+    label faceIndex = 0;
+    forAll(zones, zoneI)
+    {
+        const surfZone& zone = zones[zoneI];
+
+        if (useFaceMap)
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceMap[faceIndex++]];
+
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << f[fp] << ' ';
+                }
+                os << "-1\n";
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            forAll(zone, localFaceI)
+            {
+                const Face& f = faceLst[faceIndex++];
+
+                forAll(f, fp)
+                {
+                    os << f[fp] << ' ';
+                }
+                os << "-1\n";
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    os <<
+        "' >\n"
+        "    <Coordinate point='\n";
+
+    // Write vertex coords
+    forAll(pointLst, ptI)
+    {
+        const point& pt = pointLst[ptI];
+
+        os  << pt.x() << ' ' << pt.y() << ' ' << pt.z() << nl;
+    }
+
+    os  <<
+        "' />\n"                       // end Coordinate
+        "   </IndexedFaceSet>\n"
+        "  </Shape>\n"
+        " </Group>\n"
+        "</X3D>\n";
+
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormat.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormat.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..130bb226c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormat.H
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::fileFormats::X3DsurfaceFormat
+
+Description
+    Provide a means of writing x3d format.
+
+SourceFiles
+    X3DsurfaceFormat.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef X3DsurfaceFormat_H
+#define X3DsurfaceFormat_H
+
+#include "MeshedSurface.H"
+#include "MeshedSurfaceProxy.H"
+#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
+#include "X3DsurfaceFormatCore.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace fileFormats
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                      Class X3DsurfaceFormat Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+template<class Face>
+class X3DsurfaceFormat
+:
+    public MeshedSurface<Face>,
+    public X3DsurfaceFormatCore
+{
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
+        X3DsurfaceFormat(const X3DsurfaceFormat<Face>&);
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
+        void operator=(const X3DsurfaceFormat<Face>&);
+
+public:
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct null
+        X3DsurfaceFormat();
+
+    // Selectors
+
+
+    // Destructor
+
+        virtual ~X3DsurfaceFormat()
+        {}
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Write surface mesh components by proxy
+        static void write(const fileName&, const MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>&);
+
+        //- Write object file
+        virtual void write(const fileName& name) const
+        {
+            write(name, MeshedSurfaceProxy<Face>(*this));
+        }
+
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace fileFormats
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#ifdef NoRepository
+#   include "X3DsurfaceFormat.C"
+#endif
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatCore.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatCore.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..104fb8e5f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatCore.C
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "X3DsurfaceFormatCore.H"
+#include "clock.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::fileFormats::X3DsurfaceFormatCore::writeHeader
+(
+    Ostream& os
+)
+{
+    os  <<
+        "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>\n"
+        "<!DOCTYPE X3D PUBLIC \"ISO//Web3D//DTD X3D 3.0//EN\" \"http://www.web3d.org/specifications/x3d-3.0.dtd\">\n"
+        "<X3D\n"
+        "  version='3.0'\n"
+        "  profile='Immersive'\n"
+        "  xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'\n"
+        "  xsd:noNamespaceSchemaLocation='http://www.web3d.org/specifications/x3d-3.0.xsd'\n"
+        "  >\n";
+}
+
+
+void Foam::fileFormats::X3DsurfaceFormatCore::writeAppearance
+(
+    Ostream& os
+)
+{
+    os  <<
+        "  <Appearance>\n"
+        "   <Material"
+        " diffuseColor='0.8 0.8 0.8'"
+        " specularColor='1.0 1.0 1.0'"
+        " shininess='0.5'"
+        " transparency='0.0'"
+        " />\n"           // end material
+        "  </Appearance>\n";
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatCore.H
similarity index 78%
rename from src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.H
rename to src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatCore.H
index a50f2a50d7..16b0b02b9b 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/smesh/SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatCore.H
@@ -23,22 +23,22 @@ License
     Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 
 Class
-    Foam::fileFormats::SMESHsurfaceFormatCore
+    Foam::fileFormats::X3DsurfaceFormatCore
 
 Description
-    Internal class used by the SMESHsurfaceFormat
+    Internal class used by the X3DsurfaceFormat
 
 SourceFiles
-    SMESHsurfaceFormatCore.C
+    X3DsurfaceFormatCore.C
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef SMESHsurfaceFormatCore_H
-#define SMESHsurfaceFormatCore_H
+#ifndef X3DsurfaceFormatCore_H
+#define X3DsurfaceFormatCore_H
 
 #include "Ostream.H"
+#include "OFstream.H"
 #include "MeshedSurface.H"
-#include "UnsortedMeshedSurface.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -48,24 +48,19 @@ namespace fileFormats
 {
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                   Class SMESHsurfaceFormatCore Declaration
+                    Class X3DsurfaceFormatCore Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-class SMESHsurfaceFormatCore
+class X3DsurfaceFormatCore
 {
 protected:
     // Protected Member Functions
 
-    //- Write header information with points
-    static void writeHeader
-    (
-        Ostream&,
-        const pointField&,
-        const label nFaces
-    );
+    //- Write file header
+    static void writeHeader(Ostream&);
 
-    //- Write tail information
-    static void writeTail(Ostream&);
+    //- Write appearance node
+    static void writeAppearance(Ostream&);
 
 };
 
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatRunTime.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6a17897ba7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceFormats/x3d/X3DsurfaceFormatRunTime.C
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "X3DsurfaceFormat.H"
+
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "addToMemberFunctionSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace fileFormats
+{
+
+// write MeshedSurfaceProxy
+addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
+(
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
+    X3DsurfaceFormat,
+    face,
+    write,
+    fileExtension,
+    x3d
+);
+addNamedTemplatedToMemberFunctionSelectionTable
+(
+    MeshedSurfaceProxy,
+    X3DsurfaceFormat,
+    triFace,
+    write,
+    fileExtension,
+    x3d
+);
+
+}
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceRegistry/surfaceRegistry.C b/src/surfMesh/surfaceRegistry/surfaceRegistry.C
index 335acfff0d..ed0460cdf0 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceRegistry/surfaceRegistry.C
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceRegistry/surfaceRegistry.C
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ License
 
 defineTypeNameAndDebug(Foam::surfaceRegistry, 0);
 
-const Foam::word Foam::surfaceRegistry::subInstance("surfaces");
+const Foam::word Foam::surfaceRegistry::prefix("surfaces");
 Foam::word Foam::surfaceRegistry::defaultName("default");
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Foam::surfaceRegistry::surfaceRegistry
         (
             ( surfName.size() ? surfName : defaultName ),
             obr.time().timeName(),
-            subInstance,
+            prefix,
             obr,
             IOobject::NO_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
diff --git a/src/surfMesh/surfaceRegistry/surfaceRegistry.H b/src/surfMesh/surfaceRegistry/surfaceRegistry.H
index fa4bad64ea..11e0225506 100644
--- a/src/surfMesh/surfaceRegistry/surfaceRegistry.H
+++ b/src/surfMesh/surfaceRegistry/surfaceRegistry.H
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ public:
     //- Runtime type information
     TypeName("surfaceRegistry");
 
-        //- The subInstance (local) to prefix: %surfaces
-        static const word subInstance;
+        //- The prefix to local: %surfaces
+        static const word prefix;
 
         //- The default surface name: %default
         static word defaultName;
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/basic/basicThermo/makeBasicThermo.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/basic/basicThermo/makeBasicThermo.H
index 00df45971c..59165247a4 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/basic/basicThermo/makeBasicThermo.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/basic/basicThermo/makeBasicThermo.H
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ typedef Cthermo<Mixture<Transport<specieThermo<Thermo<EqnOfState> > > > >     \
 defineTemplateTypeNameAndDebugWithName                                        \
     (Cthermo##Mixture##Transport##Thermo##EqnOfState,                         \
     #Cthermo                                                                  \
-    "<"#Mixture"<"#Transport"<specieThermo<"#Thermo"<"#EqnOfState">>>>>", 0)  \
+    "<"#Mixture"<"#Transport"<specieThermo<"#Thermo"<"#EqnOfState">>>>>", 0); \
                                                                               \
 addToRunTimeSelectionTable                                                    \
 (                                                                             \
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/combustion/hCombustionThermo/hCombustionThermos.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/combustion/hCombustionThermo/hCombustionThermos.C
index 40ad4cc650..fbfa73c856 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/combustion/hCombustionThermo/hCombustionThermos.C
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/combustion/hCombustionThermo/hCombustionThermos.C
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ makeCombustionThermo
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 // Reaction thermo
 
-defineTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(hMixtureThermo<reactingMixture>, 0)
+defineTemplateTypeNameAndDebug(hMixtureThermo<reactingMixture>, 0);
 
 typedef hMixtureThermo<reactingMixture> hMixtureThermoReactingMixture;
 
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/combustion/hCombustionThermo/makeCombustionThermo.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/combustion/hCombustionThermo/makeCombustionThermo.H
index 9c31f3240f..f961d0ca0c 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/combustion/hCombustionThermo/makeCombustionThermo.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/combustion/hCombustionThermo/makeCombustionThermo.H
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ typedef MixtureThermo                                                         \
 defineTemplateTypeNameAndDebugWithName                                        \
     (MixtureThermo##Mixture##Transport##Thermo##EqnOfState,                   \
     #MixtureThermo                                                            \
-    "<"#Mixture"<"#Transport"<specieThermo<"#Thermo"<"#EqnOfState">>>>>", 0)  \
+    "<"#Mixture"<"#Transport"<specieThermo<"#Thermo"<"#EqnOfState">>>>>", 0); \
                                                                               \
 addToRunTimeSelectionTable                                                    \
 (                                                                             \
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/laminarFlameSpeed/Gulders/Gulders.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/laminarFlameSpeed/Gulders/Gulders.C
index 27443c98ee..7655455a73 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/laminarFlameSpeed/Gulders/Gulders.C
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/laminarFlameSpeed/Gulders/Gulders.C
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::Gulders::operator()() const
             dimensionedScalar
             (
                 hhuCombustionThermo_.lookup("stoichiometricAirFuelMassRatio")
-            )*ft/(scalar(1) - ft)
+            )*ft/((1 + SMALL) - ft)
         );
     }
     else
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/liquidMixture/liquidMixture/liquidMixture.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/liquidMixture/liquidMixture/liquidMixture.H
index cac45b19ed..43ea408349 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/liquidMixture/liquidMixture/liquidMixture.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/liquidMixture/liquidMixture/liquidMixture.H
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ public:
         ) const;
 
 
-        //- Calculate the mean molecular weigth [kg/kmol]
+        //- Calculate the mean molecular weight [kg/kmol]
         // from mole fractions
         scalar W(const scalarField& x) const;
 
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/Make/files b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/Make/files
index 9b385e8a56..4e7fb1b11c 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/Make/files
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/Make/files
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 /* Radiation constants */
 radiationConstants/radiationConstants.C
 
-
 /* Radiation model */
 radiationModel/radiationModel/radiationModel.C
 radiationModel/radiationModel/newRadiationModel.C
 radiationModel/noRadiation/noRadiation.C
 radiationModel/P1/P1.C
-
+radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOM.C
+radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRay.C
+radiationModel/fvDOM/blackBodyEmission/blackBodyEmission.C
+radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffs.C
 
 /* Scatter model */
 submodels/scatterModel/scatterModel/scatterModel.C
@@ -21,11 +23,14 @@ submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel/newAbsorptionEmissionM
 submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/noAbsorptionEmission/noAbsorptionEmission.C
 submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/constantAbsorptionEmission/constantAbsorptionEmission.C
 submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/binaryAbsorptionEmission/binaryAbsorptionEmission.C
+submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission.C
+submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/wideBandAbsorptionEmission/wideBandAbsorptionEmission.C
 
 
 /* Boundary conditions */
 derivedFvPatchFields/MarshakRadiation/MarshakRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
 derivedFvPatchFields/MarshakRadiationFixedT/MarshakRadiationFixedTMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
-
+derivedFvPatchFields/greyDiffusiveRadiation/greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
+derivedFvPatchFields/wideBandDiffusiveRadiation/wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
 
 LIB = $(FOAM_LIBBIN)/libradiation
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/Make/options b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/Make/options
index 31643f8150..98956f2b6d 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/Make/options
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/Make/options
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 EXE_INC = \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude \
-    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/combustion/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/OpenFOAM/lnInclude \
+    -I radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable
 
 LIB_LIBS = \
     -lfiniteVolume
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/greyDiffusiveRadiation/greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/greyDiffusiveRadiation/greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..567eff9daf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/greyDiffusiveRadiation/greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "fvPatchFieldMapper.H"
+#include "volFields.H"
+
+#include "fvDOM.H"
+#include "radiationConstants.H"
+#include "mathematicalConstants.H"
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const fvPatch& p,
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(p, iF),
+    TName_("undefinedT"),
+    emissivity_(0.0)
+{
+    refValue() = 0.0;
+    refGrad() = 0.0;
+    valueFraction() = 1.0;
+}
+
+
+Foam::radiation::greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField& ptf,
+    const fvPatch& p,
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF,
+    const fvPatchFieldMapper& mapper
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(ptf, p, iF, mapper),
+    TName_(ptf.TName_),
+    emissivity_(ptf.emissivity_)
+{}
+
+
+Foam::radiation::greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const fvPatch& p,
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF,
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(p, iF),
+    TName_(dict.lookup("T")),
+    emissivity_(readScalar(dict.lookup("emissivity")))
+{
+    const scalarField& Tp =
+        patch().lookupPatchField<volScalarField, scalar>(TName_);
+
+    refValue() =
+        emissivity_*4.0*radiation::sigmaSB.value()*pow4(Tp)
+       /Foam::mathematicalConstant::pi;
+
+    refGrad() = 0.0;
+
+    if (dict.found("value"))
+    {
+        fvPatchScalarField::operator=
+        (
+            scalarField("value", dict, p.size())
+        );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        fvPatchScalarField::operator=(refValue());
+    }
+}
+
+
+Foam::radiation::greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField& ptf
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(ptf),
+    TName_(ptf.TName_),
+    emissivity_(ptf.emissivity_)
+{}
+
+
+Foam::radiation::greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField& ptf,
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(ptf, iF),
+    TName_(ptf.TName_),
+    emissivity_(ptf.emissivity_)
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::radiation::greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+updateCoeffs()
+{
+    if (this->updated())
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const scalarField& Tp =
+        patch().lookupPatchField<volScalarField, scalar>(TName_);
+
+    const radiationModel& radiation =
+        db().lookupObject<radiationModel>("radiationProperties");
+
+    const fvDOM& dom(refCast<const fvDOM>(radiation));
+
+    label rayId = -1;
+    label lambdaId = -1;
+    dom.setRayIdLambdaId(dimensionedInternalField().name(), rayId, lambdaId);
+
+    const label patchI = patch().index();
+
+    if (dom.nLambda() != 1)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::radiation::"
+            "greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::updateCoeffs"
+        )   << " a grey boundary condition is used with a non-grey "
+            << "absorption model" << nl << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    scalarField& Iw = *this;
+    vectorField n = patch().Sf()/patch().magSf();
+
+    radiativeIntensityRay& ray =
+        const_cast<radiativeIntensityRay&>(dom.IRay(rayId));
+
+    ray.Qr().boundaryField()[patchI] += Iw*(-n & ray.dAve());
+
+    forAll(Iw, faceI)
+    {
+        scalar Ir = 0.0;
+
+        for (label rayI=0; rayI < dom.nRay(); rayI++)
+        {
+            const vector& d = dom.IRay(rayI).d();
+
+            const scalarField& IFace =
+                dom.IRay(rayI).ILambda(lambdaId).boundaryField()[patchI];
+
+            if ((-n[faceI] & d) < 0.0)
+            {
+                // q into the wall
+                const vector& dAve = dom.IRay(rayI).dAve();
+                Ir += IFace[faceI]*mag(n[faceI] & dAve);
+            }
+        }
+
+        const vector& d = dom.IRay(rayId).d();
+
+        if ((-n[faceI] & d) > 0.0)
+        {
+            // direction out of the wall
+            refGrad()[faceI] = 0.0;
+            valueFraction()[faceI] = 1.0;
+            refValue()[faceI] =
+                (
+                    Ir*(1.0 - emissivity_)
+                  + emissivity_*radiation::sigmaSB.value()*pow4(Tp[faceI])
+                )
+               /mathematicalConstant::pi;
+
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // direction into the wall
+            valueFraction()[faceI] = 0.0;
+            refGrad()[faceI] = 0.0;
+            refValue()[faceI] = 0.0; //not used
+        }
+    }
+
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField::updateCoeffs();
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::write
+(
+    Ostream& os
+) const
+{
+    fvPatchScalarField::write(os);
+    os.writeKeyword("T") << TName_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
+    os.writeKeyword("emissivity") << emissivity_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
+    writeEntry("value", os);
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+    makePatchTypeField
+    (
+        fvPatchScalarField,
+        greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+    );
+}
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/greyDiffusiveRadiation/greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/greyDiffusiveRadiation/greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..005fe76865
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/greyDiffusiveRadiation/greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.H
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+
+Description
+    Radiation temperature specified
+
+SourceFiles
+    greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField_H
+#define greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField_H
+
+#include "mixedFvPatchFields.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+        Class greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+:
+    public mixedFvPatchScalarField
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Name of temperature field
+        word TName_;
+
+        //- Emissivity
+        scalar emissivity_;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("greyDiffusiveRadiation");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from patch and internal field
+        greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const fvPatch&,
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct from patch, internal field and dictionary
+        greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const fvPatch&,
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
+            const dictionary&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct by mapping given a
+        //  greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField onto a new patch
+        greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField&,
+            const fvPatch&,
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
+            const fvPatchFieldMapper&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct as copy
+        greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct and return a clone
+        virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone() const
+        {
+            return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
+            (
+                new greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField(*this)
+            );
+        }
+
+        //- Construct as copy setting internal field reference
+        greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField&,
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct and return a clone setting internal field reference
+        virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone
+        (
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
+        ) const
+        {
+            return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
+            (
+                new greyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField(*this, iF)
+            );
+        }
+
+
+    // Member functions
+
+        // Access
+
+            //- Return the temperature field name
+            const word& TName() const
+            {
+                return TName_;
+            }
+
+            //- Return reference to the temperature field name to allow
+            //  adjustment
+            word& TName()
+            {
+                return TName_;
+            }
+
+            //- Return the emissivity
+            const scalar& emissivity() const
+            {
+                return emissivity_;
+            }
+
+            //- Return reference to the emissivity to allow adjustment
+            scalar& emissivity()
+            {
+                return emissivity_;
+            }
+
+
+        // Evaluation functions
+
+            //- Update the coefficients associated with the patch field
+            virtual void updateCoeffs();
+
+
+        // I-O
+
+            //- Write
+            virtual void write(Ostream&) const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/wideBandDiffusiveRadiation/wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/wideBandDiffusiveRadiation/wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b3669bd6fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/wideBandDiffusiveRadiation/wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "fvPatchFieldMapper.H"
+#include "volFields.H"
+
+#include "fvDOM.H"
+#include "wideBandAbsorptionEmission.H"
+#include "radiationConstants.H"
+#include "mathematicalConstants.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const fvPatch& p,
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(p, iF),
+    TName_("undefinedT"),
+    emissivity_(0.0)
+{
+    refValue() = 0.0;
+    refGrad() = 0.0;
+    valueFraction() = 1.0;
+}
+
+
+Foam::radiation::wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField& ptf,
+    const fvPatch& p,
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF,
+    const fvPatchFieldMapper& mapper
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(ptf, p, iF, mapper),
+    TName_(ptf.TName_),
+    emissivity_(ptf.emissivity_)
+{}
+
+
+Foam::radiation::wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const fvPatch& p,
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF,
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(p, iF),
+    TName_(dict.lookup("T")),
+    emissivity_(readScalar(dict.lookup("emissivity")))
+{
+    const scalarField& Tp =
+        patch().lookupPatchField<volScalarField, scalar>(TName_);
+
+    refValue() =
+        emissivity_*4.0*radiation::sigmaSB.value()*pow4(Tp)
+       /Foam::mathematicalConstant::pi;
+    refGrad() = 0.0;
+
+    if (dict.found("value"))
+    {
+        fvPatchScalarField::operator=
+        (
+            scalarField("value", dict, p.size())
+        );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        fvPatchScalarField::operator=(refValue());
+    }
+}
+
+
+Foam::radiation::wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField& ptf
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(ptf),
+    TName_(ptf.TName_),
+    emissivity_(ptf.emissivity_)
+{}
+
+
+Foam::radiation::wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+(
+    const wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField& ptf,
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
+)
+:
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField(ptf, iF),
+    TName_(ptf.TName_),
+    emissivity_(ptf.emissivity_)
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::radiation::wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::
+updateCoeffs()
+{
+    if (this->updated())
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const radiationModel& radiation =
+        db().lookupObject<radiationModel>("radiationProperties");
+
+    const fvDOM& dom(refCast<const fvDOM>(radiation));
+
+    label rayId = -1;
+    label lambdaId = -1;
+    dom.setRayIdLambdaId(dimensionedInternalField().name(), rayId, lambdaId);
+
+    const label patchI = patch().index();
+
+    if (dom.nLambda() == 0)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::radiation::"
+            "wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::updateCoeffs"
+        )   << " a non-grey boundary condition is used with a grey "
+            << "absorption model" << nl << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    scalarField& Iw = *this;
+    vectorField n = patch().Sf()/patch().magSf();
+
+    radiativeIntensityRay& ray =
+        const_cast<radiativeIntensityRay&>(dom.IRay(rayId));
+
+    ray.Qr().boundaryField()[patchI] += Iw*(-n & ray.dAve());
+
+    const scalarField Eb =
+        dom.blackBody().bLambda(lambdaId).boundaryField()[patchI];
+
+    forAll(Iw, faceI)
+    {
+        scalar Ir = 0.0;
+        for (label rayI=0; rayI < dom.nRay(); rayI++)
+        {
+            const vector& d = dom.IRay(rayI).d();
+
+            const scalarField& IFace =
+                dom.IRay(rayI).ILambda(lambdaId).boundaryField()[patchI];
+
+            if ((-n[faceI] & d) < 0.0) // qin into the wall
+            {
+                const vector& dAve = dom.IRay(rayI).dAve();
+                Ir = Ir + IFace[faceI]*mag(n[faceI] & dAve);
+            }
+        }
+
+        const vector& d = dom.IRay(rayId).d();
+
+        if ((-n[faceI] & d) > 0.0)
+        {
+            // direction out of the wall
+            refGrad()[faceI] = 0.0;
+            valueFraction()[faceI] = 1.0;
+            refValue()[faceI] =
+                (
+                    Ir*(1.0 - emissivity_)
+                  + emissivity_*Eb[faceI]
+                )
+               /mathematicalConstant::pi;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // direction into the wall
+            valueFraction()[faceI] = 0.0;
+            refGrad()[faceI] = 0.0;
+            refValue()[faceI] = 0.0; //not used
+        }
+    }
+
+    mixedFvPatchScalarField::updateCoeffs();
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField::write
+(
+    Ostream& os
+) const
+{
+    fvPatchScalarField::write(os);
+    os.writeKeyword("T") << TName_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
+    os.writeKeyword("emissivity") << emissivity_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
+    writeEntry("value", os);
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+    makePatchTypeField
+    (
+        fvPatchScalarField,
+        wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+    );
+}
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/wideBandDiffusiveRadiation/wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/wideBandDiffusiveRadiation/wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d170131b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/derivedFvPatchFields/wideBandDiffusiveRadiation/wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.H
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+
+Description
+    Radiation temperature specified
+
+SourceFiles
+    wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField_H
+#define wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField_H
+
+#include "mixedFvPatchFields.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+      Class wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+:
+    public mixedFvPatchScalarField
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Name of temperature field
+        word TName_;
+
+        //- Emissivity
+        scalar emissivity_;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("wideBandDiffusiveRadiation");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from patch and internal field
+        wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const fvPatch&,
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct from patch, internal field and dictionary
+        wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const fvPatch&,
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
+            const dictionary&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct by mapping given GreyDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchField
+        //  onto a new patch
+        wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField&,
+            const fvPatch&,
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&,
+            const fvPatchFieldMapper&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct as copy
+        wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct and return a clone
+        virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone() const
+        {
+            return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
+            (
+                new wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField(*this)
+            );
+        }
+
+        //- Construct as copy setting internal field reference
+        wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField
+        (
+            const wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField&,
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>&
+        );
+
+        //- Construct and return a clone setting internal field reference
+        virtual tmp<fvPatchScalarField> clone
+        (
+            const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& iF
+        ) const
+        {
+            return tmp<fvPatchScalarField>
+            (
+                new wideBandDiffusiveRadiationMixedFvPatchScalarField(*this, iF)
+            );
+        }
+
+
+    // Member functions
+
+        // Access
+
+            //- Return the temperature field name
+            const word& TName() const
+            {
+                return TName_;
+            }
+
+            //- Return reference to the temperature field name to allow
+            //  adjustment
+            word& TName()
+            {
+                return TName_;
+            }
+
+            //- Return the emissivity
+            const scalar& emissivity() const
+            {
+                return emissivity_;
+            }
+
+            //- Return reference to the emissivity to allow adjustment
+            scalar& emissivity()
+            {
+                return emissivity_;
+            }
+
+
+        // Evaluation functions
+
+            //- Update the coefficients associated with the patch field
+            virtual void updateCoeffs();
+
+
+        // I-O
+
+            //- Write
+            virtual void write(Ostream&) const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/P1/P1.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/P1/P1.C
index 8679ac2861..dee9629292 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/P1/P1.C
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/P1/P1.C
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ namespace Foam
     }
 }
 
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-// Construct from components
 Foam::radiation::P1::P1(const volScalarField& T)
 :
     radiationModel(typeName, T),
@@ -133,12 +133,8 @@ bool Foam::radiation::P1::read()
 }
 
 
-void Foam::radiation::P1::correct()
+void Foam::radiation::P1::calculate()
 {
-    if (!radiation_)
-    {
-        return;
-    }
     a_ = absorptionEmission_->a();
     e_ = absorptionEmission_->e();
     E_ = absorptionEmission_->E();
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/P1/P1.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/P1/P1.H
index 7215664cf7..c0249e28db 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/P1/P1.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/P1/P1.H
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@ class P1
 :
     public radiationModel
 {
-
     // Private data
 
         //- Incident radiation / [W/m2]
@@ -97,18 +96,17 @@ public:
 
 
     // Destructor
-
-        ~P1();
+    virtual ~P1();
 
 
     // Member functions
 
         // Edit
 
-            //- Update radiationSource varible
-            void correct();
+            //- Solve radiation equation(s)
+            void calculate();
 
-            //- Read radiationProperties dictionary
+            //- Read radiation properties dictionary
             bool read();
 
 
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffs.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffs.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3452797b3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffs.C
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "absorptionCoeffs.H"
+#include "IOstreams.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::absorptionCoeffs(Istream& is)
+:
+   Tcommon_(readScalar(is)),
+   Tlow_(readScalar(is)),
+   Thigh_(readScalar(is)),
+   invTemp_(readBool(is))
+{
+    for (label coefLabel=0; absorptionCoeffs::nCoeffs_; coefLabel++)
+    {
+        is >> highACoeffs_[coefLabel];
+    }
+
+    for (label coefLabel=0; absorptionCoeffs::nCoeffs_; coefLabel++)
+    {
+        is >> lowACoeffs_[coefLabel];
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::~absorptionCoeffs()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::checkT(const scalar T) const
+{
+    if (T < Tlow_ || T > Thigh_)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "absorptionCoeffs::checkT(const scalar T) const"
+        )   << "attempt to use absCoeff out of temperature range:" << nl
+            << "    " << Tlow_ << " -> " << Thigh_ << ";  T = " << T
+            << nl << abort(FatalError);
+    }
+}
+
+
+const Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::coeffArray&
+Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::coeffs
+(
+    const scalar T
+) const
+{
+    checkT(T);
+
+    if (T < Tcommon_)
+    {
+        return lowACoeffs_;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return highACoeffs_;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::initialise(Istream&)
+{
+    absorptionCoeffs(Istream);
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::initialise(const dictionary& dict)
+{
+    dict.lookup("Tcommon") >> Tcommon_;
+    dict.lookup("Tlow") >> Tlow_;
+    dict.lookup("Tlow") >> Thigh_;
+    dict.lookup("invTemp") >> invTemp_;
+
+    dict.lookup("loTcoeffs") >> lowACoeffs_;
+    dict.lookup("hiTcoeffs") >> highACoeffs_;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffs.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffs.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a79e310b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffs.H
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::janafThermo
+
+Description
+    Absorption coefficients class used in greyMeanAbsorptionEmission and
+    wideBandAbsorptionEmission
+
+SourceFiles
+    absorptionCoeffs.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef absorptionCoeffs_H
+#define absorptionCoeffs_H
+
+#include "List.H"
+#include "IOstreams.H"
+#include "IOdictionary.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                      Class absorptionCoeffs Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class absorptionCoeffs
+{
+public:
+
+    // Public data members
+
+        static const int nCoeffs_ = 6;
+        typedef FixedList<scalar, nCoeffs_> coeffArray;
+
+
+private:
+
+    // Private data
+
+        // Temperature limits of applicability for functions
+
+            scalar Tcommon_;
+
+            scalar Tlow_;
+
+            scalar Thigh_;
+
+
+        // Polynomial using inverse temperatures
+        bool invTemp_;
+
+        coeffArray highACoeffs_;
+        coeffArray lowACoeffs_;
+
+
+    // Private member functions
+
+        //- Check given temperature is within the range of the fitted coeffs
+        void checkT(const scalar T) const;
+
+
+public:
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from Istream
+        absorptionCoeffs(Istream&);
+
+        // Null constructor
+        absorptionCoeffs()
+        {}
+
+
+    // Destructor
+    ~absorptionCoeffs();
+
+
+    // Member functions
+
+        //- Return the coefficients corresponding to the given temperature
+        const coeffArray& coeffs(const scalar T) const;
+
+        // Initialise from a dictionary
+        void initialise(const dictionary&);
+
+        // Initialise from an Istream
+        void initialise(Istream&);
+
+
+    // Access Functions
+
+        inline bool invTemp() const;
+
+        inline scalar Tcommon() const;
+
+        inline scalar Tlow() const;
+
+        inline scalar Thigh() const;
+
+        inline const coeffArray& highACoeffs() const;
+
+        inline const coeffArray& lowACoeffs() const;
+};
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+} // End namespace radiation
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#include "absorptionCoeffsI.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffsI.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffsI.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c7759db477
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/absorptionCoeffs/absorptionCoeffsI.H
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+inline bool Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::invTemp() const
+{
+    return  invTemp_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::scalar Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::Tcommon() const
+{
+    return  Tcommon_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::scalar Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::Tlow() const
+{
+    return  Tlow_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::scalar Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::Thigh() const
+{
+    return  Thigh_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::coeffArray&
+Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::highACoeffs() const
+{
+    return  highACoeffs_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::coeffArray&
+Foam::radiation::absorptionCoeffs::lowACoeffs() const
+{
+    return  lowACoeffs_;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/blackBodyEmission/blackBodyEmission.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/blackBodyEmission/blackBodyEmission.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dee5647366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/blackBodyEmission/blackBodyEmission.C
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "blackBodyEmission.H"
+#include "dimensionedConstants.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+const Foam::List<Foam::Tuple2<Foam::scalar, Foam::scalar> >
+Foam::radiation::blackBodyEmission::emissivePowerTable
+(
+    IStringStream
+    (
+        "("
+        "( 1000 0.00032)"
+        "( 1100 0.00091)"
+        "( 1200 0.00213)"
+        "( 1300 0.00432)"
+        "( 1400 0.00779)"
+        "( 1500 0.01280)"
+        "( 1600 0.01972)"
+        "( 1700 0.02853)"
+        "( 1800 0.03934)"
+        "( 1900 0.05210)"
+        "( 2000 0.06672)"
+        "( 2100 0.08305)"
+        "( 2200 0.10088)"
+        "( 2300 0.12002)"
+        "( 2400 0.14025)"
+        "( 2500 0.16135)"
+        "( 2600 0.18311)"
+        "( 2700 0.20535)"
+        "( 2800 0.22788)"
+        "( 2900 0.25055)"
+        "( 3000 0.27322)"
+        "( 3100 0.29576)"
+        "( 3200 0.31809)"
+        "( 3300 0.34009)"
+        "( 3400 0.36172)"
+        "( 3500 0.38290)"
+        "( 3600 0.40359)"
+        "( 3700 0.42375)"
+        "( 3800 0.44336)"
+        "( 3900 0.46240)"
+        "( 4000 0.48085)"
+        "( 4100 0.49872)"
+        "( 4200 0.51599)"
+        "( 4300 0.53267)"
+        "( 4400 0.54877)"
+        "( 4500 0.56429)"
+        "( 4600 0.57925)"
+        "( 4700 0.59366)"
+        "( 4800 0.60753)"
+        "( 4900 0.62088)"
+        "( 5000 0.63372)"
+        "( 5100 0.64606)"
+        "( 5200 0.65794)"
+        "( 5300 0.66935)"
+        "( 5400 0.68033)"
+        "( 5500 0.69087)"
+        "( 5600 0.70101)"
+        "( 5700 0.71076)"
+        "( 5800 0.72012)"
+        "( 5900 0.72913)"
+        "( 6000 0.73778)"
+        "( 6100 0.74610)"
+        "( 6200 0.75410)"
+        "( 6300 0.76180)"
+        "( 6400 0.76920)"
+        "( 6500 0.77631)"
+        "( 6600 0.78316)"
+        "( 6700 0.78975)"
+        "( 6800 0.79609)"
+        "( 6900 0.80219)"
+        "( 7000 0.80807)"
+        "( 7100 0.81373)"
+        "( 7200 0.81918)"
+        "( 7300 0.82443)"
+        "( 7400 0.82949)"
+        "( 7500 0.83436)"
+        "( 7600 0.83906)"
+        "( 7700 0.84359)"
+        "( 7800 0.84796)"
+        "( 7900 0.85218)"
+        "( 8000 0.85625)"
+        "( 8100 0.86017)"
+        "( 8200 0.86396)"
+        "( 8300 0.86762)"
+        "( 8400 0.87115)"
+        "( 8500 0.87456)"
+        "( 8600 0.87786)"
+        "( 8700 0.88105)"
+        "( 8800 0.88413)"
+        "( 8900 0.88711)"
+        "( 9000 0.88999)"
+        "( 9100 0.89277)"
+        "( 9200 0.89547)"
+        "( 9300 0.89807)"
+        "( 9400 0.90060)"
+        "( 9500 0.90304)"
+        "( 9600 0.90541)"
+        "( 9700 0.90770)"
+        "( 9800 0.90992)"
+        "( 9900 0.91207)"
+        "(10000 0.91415)"
+        "(12000 0.94505)"
+        "(15000 0.96893)"
+        "(20000 0.98555)"
+        "(30000 0.99529)"
+        "(40000 0.99792)"
+        "(50000 0.99890)"
+        ")"
+    )()
+);
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::blackBodyEmission::blackBodyEmission
+(
+    const label nLambda,
+    const volScalarField& T
+)
+:
+    table_
+    (
+        emissivePowerTable,
+        interpolationTable<scalar>::CLAMP,
+        "blackBodyEmissivePower"
+    ),
+    C1_("C1", dimensionSet(1, 4, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0), 3.7419e-16),
+    C2_("C2", dimensionSet(0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0), 14.388e-6),
+    bLambda_(nLambda),
+    T_(T)
+{
+    forAll(bLambda_, lambdaI)
+    {
+        bLambda_.set
+        (
+            lambdaI,
+            new volScalarField
+            (
+                IOobject
+                (
+                    "bLambda_" + Foam::name(lambdaI) ,
+                    T.mesh().time().timeName(),
+                    T.mesh(),
+                    IOobject::NO_READ,
+                    IOobject::NO_WRITE
+                ),
+                radiation::sigmaSB*pow4(T)
+            )
+        );
+
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::blackBodyEmission::~blackBodyEmission()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::scalar Foam::radiation::blackBodyEmission::fLambdaT
+(
+    const scalar lambdaT
+) const
+{
+    return  table_(lambdaT*1.0e6);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::radiation::blackBodyEmission::EbDeltaLambdaT
+(
+    const volScalarField& T,
+    const Vector2D<scalar>& band
+) const
+{
+    tmp<volScalarField> Eb
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "Eb",
+                T.mesh().time().timeName(),
+                T.mesh(),
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE
+            ),
+            radiation::sigmaSB*pow4(T)
+        )
+    );
+
+
+    if (band == Vector2D<scalar>::one)
+    {
+        return Eb;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        forAll(T, i)
+        {
+            scalar T1 = fLambdaT(band[1]*T[i]);
+            scalar T2 = fLambdaT(band[0]*T[i]);
+            dimensionedScalar fLambdaDelta
+            (
+                "fLambdaDelta",
+                dimless,
+                T1 - T2
+            );
+            Eb()[i] = Eb()[i]*fLambdaDelta.value();
+        }
+        return Eb;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::blackBodyEmission::correct
+(
+    const label lambdaI,
+    const Vector2D<scalar>& band
+)
+{
+    bLambda_[lambdaI] = EbDeltaLambdaT(T_, band);
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/blackBodyEmission/blackBodyEmission.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/blackBodyEmission/blackBodyEmission.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01719e5076
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/blackBodyEmission/blackBodyEmission.H
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::radiation::blackBodyEmission
+
+Description
+    Class black body emission
+
+    Table of black body emissive power taken from:
+        Modest, "Radiative Heat Transfer", pp.775-777, 1993
+
+SourceFiles
+    blackBodyEmission.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef blackModyEmission_H
+#define blackModyEmission_H
+
+#include "volFields.H"
+#include "dimensionedScalar.H"
+#include "mathematicalConstants.H"
+#include "radiationConstants.H"
+#include "interpolationTable.H"
+#include "Vector2D.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                      Class blackBodyEmission Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class blackBodyEmission
+{
+public:
+
+    //- Static table of black body emissive power
+    static const List<Tuple2<scalar, scalar> > emissivePowerTable;
+
+
+private:
+
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Interpolation table of black body emissive power
+        mutable interpolationTable<scalar> table_;
+
+        //- Constant C1
+        const dimensionedScalar C1_;
+
+        //- Constant C2
+        const dimensionedScalar C2_;
+
+        // Ptr List for black body emission energy field for each wavelength
+        PtrList<volScalarField> bLambda_;
+
+        // Reference to the temperature field
+        const volScalarField& T_;
+
+
+    // Private member functions
+
+        scalar fLambdaT(const scalar lambdaT) const;
+
+
+public:
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        blackBodyEmission
+        (
+            const label nLambda,
+            const volScalarField& T
+        );
+
+
+    // Destructor
+    ~blackBodyEmission();
+
+
+    // Member functions
+
+        // Access
+
+            //- Black body spectrum
+            inline const volScalarField& bLambda(const label lambdaI) const
+            {
+                return bLambda_[lambdaI];
+            }
+
+            //- Spectral emission for the black body at T and lambda
+            inline dimensionedScalar EblambdaT
+            (
+                const dimensionedScalar& T,
+                const scalar lambda
+            ) const
+            {
+                return (C1_/(pow5(lambda)*(exp(C2_/(lambda*T)) - 1.0)));
+            }
+
+            //- Integral energy at T from lambda1 to lambda2
+            tmp<Foam::volScalarField> EbDeltaLambdaT
+            (
+                const volScalarField& T,
+                const Vector2D<scalar>& band
+            ) const;
+
+
+    // Edit
+
+        // Update black body emission
+        void correct(const label lambdaI, const Vector2D<scalar>& band);
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+} // End namespace radiation
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOM.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOM.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6d07cc3bea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOM.C
@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "fvDOM.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "fvm.H"
+
+#include "absorptionEmissionModel.H"
+#include "scatterModel.H"
+#include "mathematicalConstants.H"
+#include "radiationConstants.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    namespace radiation
+    {
+        defineTypeNameAndDebug(fvDOM, 0);
+
+        addToRunTimeSelectionTable
+        (
+            radiationModel,
+            fvDOM,
+            dictionary
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::fvDOM::fvDOM(const volScalarField& T)
+:
+    radiationModel(typeName, T),
+    G_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "G",
+            mesh_.time().timeName(),
+            mesh_,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh_,
+        dimensionedScalar("G", dimMass/pow3(dimTime), 0.0)
+    ),
+    Qr_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Qr",
+            mesh_.time().timeName(),
+            mesh_,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh_,
+        dimensionedScalar("Qr", dimMass/pow3(dimTime), 0.0)
+    ),
+    a_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "a",
+            mesh_.time().timeName(),
+            mesh_,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh_,
+        dimensionedScalar("a", dimless/dimLength, 0.0)
+    ),
+    e_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "e",
+            mesh_.time().timeName(),
+            mesh_,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh_,
+        dimensionedScalar("a", dimless/dimLength, 0.0)
+    ),
+    E_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "E",
+            mesh_.time().timeName(),
+            mesh_,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh_,
+        dimensionedScalar("E", dimMass/dimLength/pow3(dimTime), 0.0)
+    ),
+    nTheta_(readLabel(coeffs_.lookup("nTheta"))),
+    nPhi_(readLabel(coeffs_.lookup("nPhi"))),
+    nRay_(0),
+    nLambda_(absorptionEmission_->nBands()),
+    aLambda_(nLambda_),
+    blackBody_(nLambda_, T),
+    IRay_(0),
+    convergence_(coeffs_.lookupOrDefault<scalar>("convergence", 0.0)),
+    maxIter_(coeffs_.lookupOrDefault<label>("maxIter", 50))
+{
+    if (mesh_.nSolutionD() == 3)    //3D
+    {
+        nRay_ = 4*nPhi_*nTheta_;
+        IRay_.setSize(nRay_);
+        scalar deltaPhi = mathematicalConstant::pi/(2.0*nPhi_);
+        scalar deltaTheta = mathematicalConstant::pi/nTheta_;
+        label i = 0;
+        for (label n = 1; n <= nTheta_; n++)
+        {
+            for (label m = 1; m <= 4*nPhi_; m++)
+            {
+                scalar thetai = (2.0*n - 1.0)*deltaTheta/2.0;
+                scalar phii = (2.0*m - 1.0)*deltaPhi/2.0;
+                IRay_.set
+                (
+                    i,
+                    new radiativeIntensityRay
+                    (
+                        *this,
+                        mesh_,
+                        phii,
+                        thetai,
+                        deltaPhi,
+                        deltaTheta,
+                        nLambda_,
+                        absorptionEmission_,
+                        blackBody_
+                    )
+                );
+                i++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (mesh_.nSolutionD() == 2)    //2D (X & Y)
+        {
+            scalar thetai = mathematicalConstant::pi/2.0;
+            scalar deltaTheta = mathematicalConstant::pi;
+            nRay_ = 4*nPhi_;
+            IRay_.setSize(nRay_);
+            scalar deltaPhi = mathematicalConstant::pi/(2.0*nPhi_);
+            label i = 0;
+            for (label m = 1; m <= 4*nPhi_; m++)
+            {
+                scalar phii = (2.0*m - 1.0)*deltaPhi/2.0;
+                IRay_.set
+                (
+                    i,
+                    new radiativeIntensityRay
+                    (
+                        *this,
+                        mesh_,
+                        phii,
+                        thetai,
+                        deltaPhi,
+                        deltaTheta,
+                        nLambda_,
+                        absorptionEmission_,
+                        blackBody_
+                    )
+                );
+                i++;
+            }
+        }
+        else    //1D (X)
+        {
+            scalar thetai = mathematicalConstant::pi/2.0;
+            scalar deltaTheta = mathematicalConstant::pi;
+            nRay_ = 2;
+            IRay_.setSize(nRay_);
+            scalar deltaPhi = mathematicalConstant::pi;
+            label i = 0;
+            for (label m = 1; m <= 2; m++)
+            {
+                scalar phii = (2.0*m - 1.0)*deltaPhi/2.0;
+                IRay_.set
+                (
+                    i,
+                    new radiativeIntensityRay
+                    (
+                        *this,
+                        mesh_,
+                        phii,
+                        thetai,
+                        deltaPhi,
+                        deltaTheta,
+                        nLambda_,
+                        absorptionEmission_,
+                        blackBody_
+                    )
+                );
+                i++;
+            }
+
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // Construct absorption field for each wavelength
+    forAll(aLambda_, lambdaI)
+    {
+        aLambda_.set
+        (
+            lambdaI,
+            new volScalarField
+            (
+                IOobject
+                (
+                    "aLambda_" + Foam::name(lambdaI) ,
+                    mesh_.time().timeName(),
+                    mesh_,
+                    IOobject::NO_READ,
+                    IOobject::NO_WRITE
+                ),
+                a_
+            )
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::fvDOM::~fvDOM()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+bool Foam::radiation::fvDOM::read()
+{
+    if (radiationModel::read())
+    {
+        // nothing to read
+
+//        coeffs_.lookup("nTheta") >> nTheta_;
+//        coeffs_.lookup("nPhi") >> nPhi_;
+
+        return true;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::fvDOM::calculate()
+{
+    absorptionEmission_->correct(a_, aLambda_);
+
+    updateBlackBodyEmission();
+
+    scalar maxResidual = 0.0;
+    label radIter = 0;
+    do
+    {
+        radIter++;
+        forAll(IRay_, rayI)
+        {
+            maxResidual = 0.0;
+            scalar maxBandResidual = IRay_[rayI].correct();
+            maxResidual = max(maxBandResidual, maxResidual);
+        }
+
+        Info << "Radiation solver iter: " << radIter << endl;
+
+    } while(maxResidual > convergence_ && radIter < maxIter_);
+
+    updateG();
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::radiation::fvDOM::Rp() const
+{
+    return tmp<volScalarField>
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "Rp",
+                mesh_.time().timeName(),
+                mesh_,
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+                false
+            ),
+            4.0*a_*radiation::sigmaSB //absorptionEmission_->a()
+        )
+    );
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::DimensionedField<Foam::scalar, Foam::volMesh> >
+Foam::radiation::fvDOM::Ru() const
+{
+
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>& G =
+        G_.dimensionedInternalField();
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh> E =
+        absorptionEmission_->ECont()().dimensionedInternalField();
+    const DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh> a =
+        a_.dimensionedInternalField(); //absorptionEmission_->aCont()()
+
+    return  a*G - 4.0*E;
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::fvDOM::updateBlackBodyEmission()
+{
+    for (label j=0; j < nLambda_; j++)
+    {
+        blackBody_.correct(j, absorptionEmission_->bands(j));
+    }
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::fvDOM::updateG()
+{
+    G_ = dimensionedScalar("zero",dimMass/pow3(dimTime), 0.0);
+    Qr_ = dimensionedScalar("zero",dimMass/pow3(dimTime), 0.0);
+
+    forAll(IRay_, rayI)
+    {
+        IRay_[rayI].addIntensity();
+        G_ += IRay_[rayI].I()*IRay_[rayI].omega();
+        Qr_ += IRay_[rayI].Qr();
+    }
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::fvDOM::setRayIdLambdaId
+(
+    const word& name,
+    label& rayId,
+    label& lambdaId
+) const
+{
+    // assuming name is in the form: CHARS_rayId_lambdaId
+    size_type i1 = name.find_first_of("_");
+    size_type i2 = name.find_last_of("_");
+
+    rayId = readLabel(IStringStream(name.substr(i1+1, i2-1))());
+    lambdaId = readLabel(IStringStream(name.substr(i2+1, name.size()-1))());
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOM.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOM.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f91163805a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOM.H
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::radiation::fvDOM
+
+Description
+
+    Finite Volume Discrete Ordinary Method. Solves the RTE equation for n
+    directions in a participating media, not including scatter.
+
+    Available absorption models:
+        greyMeanAbsoprtionEmission
+        wideBandAbsorptionEmission
+
+    i.e. dictionary
+    fvDOMCoeffs
+    {
+        nPhi    1;          // azimuthal angles in PI/2 on X-Y.(from Y to X)
+        nTheta  2;          // polar angles in PI (from Z to X-Y plane)
+        convergence 1e-4;   // convergence criteria for radiation iteration
+    }
+
+    solverFreq   1; // Number of flow iterations per radiation iteration
+
+    The total number of solid angles is  4*nPhi*nTheta.
+
+    In 1D the direction of the rays is X (nPhi and nTheta are ignored)
+    In 2D the direction of the rays is on X-Y plane (only nPhi is considered)
+    In 3D (nPhi and nTheta are considered)
+
+SourceFiles
+    fvDOM.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef radiationModelfvDOM_H
+#define radiationModelfvDOM_H
+
+#include "radiativeIntensityRay.H"
+#include "radiationModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                           Class fvDOM Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class fvDOM
+:
+    public radiationModel
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Incident radiation  [W/m2]
+        volScalarField G_;
+
+        //- Total radiative heat flux [W/m2]
+        volScalarField Qr_;
+
+        //- Total absorption coefficient [1/m]
+        volScalarField a_;
+
+        //- Total emission coefficient [1/m]
+        volScalarField e_;
+
+        //- Emission contribution [Kg/m/s^3]
+        volScalarField E_;
+
+        //- Number of solid angles in theta
+        label nTheta_;
+
+        //- Number of solid angles in phi
+        label nPhi_ ;
+
+        //- Total number of rays (1 per direction)
+        label nRay_;
+
+        //- Number of wavelength bands
+        label nLambda_;
+
+        //- Wavelength total absorption coefficient [1/m]
+        PtrList<volScalarField> aLambda_;
+
+        //- Black body
+        blackBodyEmission blackBody_;
+
+        //- List of pointers to radiative intensity rays
+        PtrList<radiativeIntensityRay> IRay_;
+
+        //- Convergence criterion
+        scalar convergence_;
+
+        //- Maximum number of iterations
+        scalar maxIter_;
+
+
+    // Private member functions
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
+        fvDOM(const fvDOM&);
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
+        void operator=(const fvDOM&);
+
+        //- Update nlack body emission
+        void updateBlackBodyEmission();
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("fvDOM");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        fvDOM(const volScalarField& T);
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~fvDOM();
+
+
+    // Member functions
+
+        // Edit
+
+            //- Solve radiation equation(s)
+            void calculate();
+
+            //- Read radiation properties dictionary
+            bool read();
+
+            //- Update G and calculate total heat flux on boundary
+            void updateG();
+
+            //- Set the rayId and lambdaId from by decomposing an intensity
+            //  field name
+            void setRayIdLambdaId
+            (
+                const word& name,
+                label& rayId,
+                label& lambdaId
+            ) const;
+
+            //- Source term component (for power of T^4)
+            virtual tmp<volScalarField> Rp() const;
+
+            //- Source term component (constant)
+            virtual tmp<DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh> > Ru() const;
+
+
+        // Access
+
+            //- Ray intensity for rayI
+            inline const radiativeIntensityRay& IRay(const label rayI) const;
+
+            //- Ray intensity for rayI and lambda bandwidth
+            inline const volScalarField& IRayLambda
+            (
+                const label rayI,
+                const label lambdaI
+            ) const;
+
+            //- Number of angles in theta
+            inline label nTheta() const;
+
+            //- Number of angles in phi
+            inline label nPhi() const;
+
+            //- Number of rays
+            inline label nRay() const;
+
+            //- Number of wavelengths
+            inline label nLambda() const;
+
+            //- Const access to total absorption coefficient
+            inline const volScalarField& a() const;
+
+            //- Const access to wavelength total absorption coefficient
+            inline const volScalarField& aLambda(const label lambdaI) const;
+
+            //- Const access to incident radiation field
+            inline const volScalarField& G() const;
+
+            //- Const access to total radiative heat flux field
+            inline const volScalarField& Qr() const;
+
+            //- Const access to black body
+            inline const blackBodyEmission& blackBody() const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#include "fvDOMI.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace radiation
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOMI.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOMI.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..594b5bee0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/fvDOM/fvDOMI.H
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+inline const Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay&
+Foam::radiation::fvDOM::IRay(const label rayI) const
+{
+    return  IRay_[rayI];
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::volScalarField&
+Foam::radiation::fvDOM::IRayLambda
+(
+    const label rayI,
+    const label lambdaI
+) const
+{
+    return IRay_[rayI].ILambda(lambdaI);
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::label Foam::radiation::fvDOM::nTheta() const
+{
+    return nTheta_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::label Foam::radiation::fvDOM::nPhi() const
+{
+    return nPhi_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::label Foam::radiation::fvDOM::nRay() const
+{
+    return nRay_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::label Foam::radiation::fvDOM::nLambda() const
+{
+    return nLambda_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::volScalarField& Foam::radiation::fvDOM::a() const
+{
+    return a_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::volScalarField& Foam::radiation::fvDOM::aLambda
+(
+    const label lambdaI
+) const
+{
+    return aLambda_[lambdaI];
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::volScalarField& Foam::radiation::fvDOM::G() const
+{
+    return G_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::volScalarField& Foam::radiation::fvDOM::Qr() const
+{
+    return Qr_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::radiation::blackBodyEmission&
+Foam::radiation::fvDOM::blackBody() const
+{
+    return blackBody_;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable/interpolationLookUpTable.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable/interpolationLookUpTable.C
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f000e43fa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable/interpolationLookUpTable.C
@@ -0,0 +1,509 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "IFstream.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template <class Type>
+Foam::label Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::index
+(
+    const List<scalar>& indices,
+    const bool lastDim
+) const
+{
+    label totalIndex = 0;
+
+    forAll(dim_, i)
+    {
+        label dim = 1;
+        for (int j = i + 1; j < dim_.size(); j++)
+        {
+            dim *= dim_[j] + 1;
+        }
+
+        totalIndex +=
+            dim
+           *min
+            (
+                max(label((indices[i] - min_[i])/delta_[i]), 0),
+                dim_[i]
+            );
+    }
+
+    if (lastDim)
+    {
+        label iLastdim = dim_.size() - 1;
+        totalIndex += Foam::min
+        (
+            max
+            (
+                label((indices[iLastdim] - min_[iLastdim])/delta_[iLastdim]),
+                0
+            ),
+            dim_[iLastdim]
+        );
+    }
+
+    return totalIndex;
+}
+
+
+template <class Type>
+Foam::label Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::index
+(
+    const scalar indice
+) const
+{
+    label i = 0;
+    label totalIndex =
+        Foam::min
+        (
+            Foam::max
+            (
+                label((indice - min_[i])/delta_[i]),
+                0
+            ),
+            dim_[i]
+        );
+
+    return totalIndex;
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+bool Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::checkRange
+(
+    const scalar lookUpValue,
+    const label interfield
+) const
+{
+    if (lookUpValue >= min_[interfield] &&  lookUpValue <= max_[interfield])
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+Foam::scalar Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::interpolate
+(
+    const label lo,
+    const label hi,
+    const scalar lookUpValue,
+    const label ofield,
+    const label interfield
+) const
+{
+        if
+        (
+            List<scalarField>::operator[](interfield).operator[](hi)
+         != List<scalarField>::operator[](interfield).operator[](lo)
+        )
+        {
+            scalar output
+            (
+                List<scalarField>::operator[](ofield).operator[](lo)
+              + (
+                    List<scalarField>::operator[](ofield).operator[](hi)
+                  - List<scalarField>::operator[](ofield).operator[](lo)
+                )
+               *(
+                    lookUpValue
+                  - List<scalarField>::operator[](interfield).operator[](lo)
+                )
+               /(
+                    List<scalarField>::operator[](interfield).operator[](hi)
+                  - List<scalarField>::operator[](interfield).operator[](lo)
+                )
+            );
+            return output;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            return List<scalarField>::operator[](ofield).operator[](lo);
+        }
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+void Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::dimensionTable()
+{
+    min_.setSize(entries_.size());
+    dim_.setSize(entries_.size());
+    delta_.setSize(entries_.size());
+    max_.setSize(entries_.size());
+    entryIndices_.setSize(entries_.size());
+    outputIndices_.setSize(output_.size());
+    label index = 0;
+    label tableDim = 1;
+
+    forAll(entries_,i)
+    {
+        dim_[i] = readLabel(entries_[i].lookup("N"));
+        max_[i] = readScalar(entries_[i].lookup("max"));
+        min_[i] = readScalar(entries_[i].lookup("min"));
+        delta_[i] = (max_[i] - min_[i])/dim_[i];
+        tableDim *= dim_[i] + 1;
+        fieldIndices_.insert(entries_[i].lookup("name"), index);
+        entryIndices_[i] = index;
+        index++;
+    }
+
+    forAll(output_,i)
+    {
+        fieldIndices_.insert(output_[i].lookup("name"), index);
+        outputIndices_[i] = index;
+        index++;
+    }
+
+    List<scalarField>& internal = *this;
+
+    internal.setSize(entries_.size() + output_.size());
+
+    interpOutput_.setSize(entries_.size() + output_.size());
+
+    forAll(internal, i)
+    {
+        internal[i].setSize(tableDim);
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+void Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::readTable
+(
+    const word& instance,
+    const fvMesh& mesh
+)
+{
+    IOdictionary control
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            fileName_,
+            instance,
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        )
+    );
+
+    control.lookup("fields") >> entries_;
+    control.lookup("output") >> output_;
+    control.lookup("values") >> *this;
+
+    dimensionTable();
+
+    check();
+
+    if (this->size() == 0)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::readTable()"
+        )   << "table is empty" << nl << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Type>
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::interpolationLookUpTable()
+:
+    List<scalarField>(),
+    fileName_("fileNameIsUndefined")
+{}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::interpolationLookUpTable
+(
+    const fileName& fn, const word& instance, const fvMesh& mesh
+)
+:
+    List<scalarField>(),
+    fileName_(fn),
+    dim_(0),
+    min_(0),
+    delta_(0.0),
+    max_(0.0),
+    entries_(0),
+    output_(0),
+    entryIndices_(0),
+    outputIndices_(0),
+    interpOutput_(0)
+{
+    readTable(instance, mesh);
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::interpolationLookUpTable
+(
+     const interpolationLookUpTable& interpTable
+)
+:
+    List<scalarField>(interpTable),
+    fileName_(interpTable.fileName_),
+    entryIndices_(interpTable.entryIndices_),
+    outputIndices_(interpTable.outputIndices_),
+    dim_(interpTable.dim_),
+    min_(interpTable.min_),
+    delta_(interpTable.delta_),
+    max_(interpTable.max_),
+    entries_(0),
+    output_(0),
+    interpOutput_(interpTable.interpOutput_)
+{}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::interpolationLookUpTable
+(
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+:
+    List<scalarField>(),
+    fileName_(fileName(dict.lookup("fileName")).expand()),
+    dim_(0),
+    min_(0.0),
+    delta_(0.0),
+    max_(0.0),
+    entries_(dict.lookup("fields")),
+    output_(dict.lookup("output")),
+    entryIndices_(0),
+    outputIndices_(0),
+    fieldIndices_(0),
+    interpOutput_(0)
+{
+    dimensionTable();
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Type>
+void Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::check() const
+{
+    // check order in the first dimension.
+    scalar prevValue = List<scalarField>::operator[](0).operator[](0);
+    label dim = 1;
+    for (int j = 1; j < dim_.size(); j++)
+    {
+        dim *= dim_[j] + 1;
+    }
+
+    for (label i = 1; i < dim_[0]; i++)
+    {
+        label index = i*dim;
+        const scalar currValue =
+            List<scalarField>::operator[](0).operator[](index);
+
+        // avoid duplicate values (divide-by-zero error)
+        if (currValue <= prevValue)
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::checkOrder() const"
+            )   << "out-of-order value: " << currValue
+                << " at index " << index << nl << exit(FatalError);
+        }
+        prevValue = currValue;
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+void Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::write
+(
+    Ostream& os,
+    const fileName& fn,
+    const word& instance,
+    const fvMesh& mesh
+) const
+{
+    IOdictionary control
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            fn,
+            instance,
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        )
+    );
+
+    control.writeHeader(os);
+
+    os.writeKeyword("fields");
+    os << entries_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
+
+    os.writeKeyword("output");
+    os << output_ << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
+
+    if (this->size() == 0)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::interpolationTable<Type>::write()"
+        )   << "table is empty" << nl << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+    os.writeKeyword("values");
+    os << *this << token::END_STATEMENT << nl;
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class Type>
+Foam::scalarField&
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::operator[](const label i)
+{
+    label ii = i;
+    label n  = this->size();
+
+    if (n <= 1)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::operator[](const label)"
+        )   << "table has (" << n << ") columns" << nl << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+    else if (ii < 0)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::operator[](const label)"
+        )   << "index (" << ii << ") underflow" << nl << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+    else if (ii > n)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::operator[](const label)"
+        )   << "index (" << ii << ") overflow" << nl << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    return List<scalarField>::operator[](ii);
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+const Foam::scalarField&
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::operator[](const label i) const
+{
+    label ii = i;
+    label n  = this->size();
+
+    if (n <= 1)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::operator[]"
+            "(const label) const"
+        )   << "table has (" << n << ") columns" << nl << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+    else if (ii < 0)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::operator[]"
+            "(const label) const"
+        )   << "index (" << ii << ") underflow" << nl << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    else if (ii > n)
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn
+        (
+            "Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::operator[]"
+            "(const label) const"
+        )   << "index (" << ii << ") overflow" << nl
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    return List<scalarField>::operator[](ii);
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+bool Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::found(const word& fieldName) const
+{
+    return fieldIndices_.found(fieldName);
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+const Foam::scalarList&
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::lookUp(const scalar retvals)
+{
+    const label lo = index(retvals);
+    findHi(lo, retvals);
+    return interpOutput_;
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+void Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::findHi
+(
+    const label lo,
+    const scalar retvals
+)
+{
+    forAll(outputIndices_,j)
+    {
+        scalar tmp = 0;
+        label ofield = outputIndices_[j];
+        scalar baseValue = List<scalarField>::operator[](ofield).operator[](lo);
+
+        forAll(entryIndices_,i)
+        {
+            if (checkRange(retvals, entryIndices_[i]))
+            {
+                label dim = 1;
+
+                label hi = Foam::min(lo + dim, (*this)[0].size() - 1);
+
+                tmp += interpolate(lo, hi, retvals, ofield, entryIndices_[i])
+                     - baseValue;
+            }
+            interpOutput_[entryIndices_[i]] = retvals;
+        }
+
+        tmp += baseValue;
+        interpOutput_[outputIndices_[j]] = tmp;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable/interpolationLookUpTable.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable/interpolationLookUpTable.H
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..6140ae4bc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable/interpolationLookUpTable.H
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::interpolationLookUpTable
+
+Description
+    A list of lists. Interpolates based on the first dimension.
+    The values must be positive and monotonically increasing in each dimension
+
+Note
+    - Accessing an empty list results in an error.
+    - Accessing a list with a single element always returns the same value.
+
+SourceFiles
+    interpolationLookUpTable.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef interpolationLookUpTable_H
+#define interpolationLookUpTable_H
+
+#include "List.H"
+#include "ListOps.H"
+#include "scalarField.H"
+#include "HashTable.H"
+#include "IOdictionary.H"
+#include "fvCFD.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                  Class interpolationLookUpTable Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+template<class Type>
+class interpolationLookUpTable
+:
+    public List<scalarField>
+{
+private:
+
+    // Privsate data
+
+        //- File name
+        fileName fileName_;
+
+        //- Table dimensions
+        List<label> dim_;
+
+        //- Min on each dimension
+        List<scalar> min_;
+
+        //- Deltas on each dimension
+        List<scalar> delta_;
+
+        //- Maximum on each dimension
+        List<scalar> max_;
+
+        //- Dictionary entries
+        List<dictionary> entries_;
+
+        //- Output dictionaries
+        List<dictionary> output_;
+
+        //- Input indices from the look up table
+        List<label> entryIndices_;
+
+        //- Output Indeces from the Look Up Table
+        List<label> outputIndices_;
+
+        //- Field names and indices
+        HashTable<label> fieldIndices_;
+
+        //- Output list containing input and interpolation values of outputs
+        List<scalar> interpOutput_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Read the table of data from file
+        void readTable(const word& instance, const fvMesh& mesh);
+
+        //- Dimension table from dictionaries input and output
+        void dimensionTable();
+
+        //- Find table index by scalarList
+        label index(const List<scalar>&, const bool lastDim=true) const;
+
+        //- Find table index by scalar
+        label index(const scalar) const;
+
+        //- Check range of lookup value
+        bool checkRange(const scalar, const label) const;
+
+        //- Interpolate function return an scalar
+        scalar interpolate
+        (
+            const label lo,
+            const label hi,
+            const scalar lookUpValue,
+            const label ofield,
+            const label interfield
+        ) const;
+
+        // Check list is monotonically increasing
+        void check() const;
+
+        // find hi index, interpolate and populate interpOutput_
+        void findHi(const label lo, const scalar retvals);
+
+
+public:
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct null
+        interpolationLookUpTable();
+
+        //- Construct given the name of the file containing the table of data
+        interpolationLookUpTable
+        (
+            const fileName& fn,
+            const word& instance,
+            const fvMesh& mesh
+        );
+
+         //- Construct from dictionary
+        interpolationLookUpTable(const dictionary& dict);
+
+        //- Construct copy
+        interpolationLookUpTable(const interpolationLookUpTable& interpTable);
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return true if the filed exists in the table
+        bool found(const word& fieldName) const;
+
+        //- Return the output list given a single input scalar
+        const List<scalar>& lookUp(const scalar);
+
+        //- Write Look Up Table to filename.
+        void write
+        (
+            Ostream& os,
+            const fileName& fn,
+            const word& instance,
+            const fvMesh& mesh
+        ) const;
+
+
+    // Access
+
+        //- Return the index of a field by name
+        inline label findFieldIndex(const word& fieldName) const;
+
+        //- Return const access to the output dictionaries
+        inline const List<dictionary>& output() const;
+
+        //- Return const access tp the dictionary entries
+        inline const List<dictionary>& entries() const;
+
+        //- Return const access to the list of min dimensions
+        inline const List<scalar>& min() const;
+
+        //- Return const access to the list of dimensions
+        inline const List<label>& dim() const;
+
+        //- Return const access to the deltas in each dimension
+        inline const List<scalar>& delta() const;
+
+        //- Return const access to the list of max dimensions
+        inline const List<scalar>& max() const;
+
+        //- Return const access to the table name
+        inline word tableName() const;
+
+
+     // Member Operators
+
+        //- Return an element of constant List<scalar, Type>
+        const scalarField& operator[](const label) const;
+
+        //- Return an element of List<scalar, Type>
+        scalarField& operator[](const label);
+
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#include "interpolationLookUpTableI.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+
+#ifdef NoRepository
+#   include "interpolationLookUpTable.C"
+#endif
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable/interpolationLookUpTableI.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable/interpolationLookUpTableI.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5829db3148
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/interpolationLookUpTable/interpolationLookUpTableI.H
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+template<class Type>
+inline Foam::label
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::findFieldIndex
+(
+    const word& fieldName
+) const
+{
+    return fieldIndices_[fieldName];
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+inline const Foam::List<Foam::dictionary>&
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::output() const
+{
+    return output_;
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+inline const Foam::List<Foam::dictionary>&
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::entries() const
+{
+    return entries_;
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+inline const Foam::List<Foam::scalar>&
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::min() const
+{
+    return min_;
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+inline const Foam::List<Foam::label>&
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::dim() const
+{
+    return dim_;
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+inline const Foam::List<Foam::scalar>&
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::delta() const
+{
+    return delta_;
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+inline const Foam::List<Foam::scalar>&
+Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::max() const
+{
+    return max_;
+}
+
+
+template<class Type>
+inline Foam::word Foam::interpolationLookUpTable<Type>::tableName() const
+{
+    return fileName_.name();
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRay.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRay.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6af99c86a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRay.C
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "radiativeIntensityRay.H"
+#include "fvm.H"
+#include "fvDOM.H"
+
+#include "absorptionEmissionModel.H"
+#include "scatterModel.H"
+#include "mathematicalConstants.H"
+#include "radiationConstants.H"
+#include "radiationModel.H"
+#include "Vector2D.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::label Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::rayId(0);
+
+const Foam::word
+Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::intensityPrefix("ILambda");
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::radiativeIntensityRay
+(
+    const fvDOM& dom,
+    const fvMesh& mesh,
+    const scalar phi,
+    const scalar theta,
+    const scalar deltaPhi,
+    const scalar deltaTheta,
+    const label nLambda,
+    const absorptionEmissionModel& absorptionEmission,
+    const blackBodyEmission& blackBody
+)
+:
+    dom_(dom),
+    mesh_(mesh),
+    absorptionEmission_(absorptionEmission),
+    blackBody_(blackBody),
+    I_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "I" + name(rayId),
+            mesh_.time().timeName(),
+            mesh_,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh_,
+        dimensionedScalar("I", dimMass/pow3(dimTime), 0.0)
+    ),
+    Qr_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Qr" + name(rayId),
+            mesh_.time().timeName(),
+            mesh_,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh_,
+        dimensionedScalar("Qr", dimMass/pow3(dimTime), 0.0)
+    ),
+    d_(vector::zero),
+    dAve_(vector::zero),
+    theta_(theta),
+    phi_(phi),
+    omega_(0.0),
+    nLambda_(nLambda),
+    ILambda_(nLambda)
+{
+    scalar sinTheta = Foam::sin(theta);
+    scalar cosTheta = Foam::cos(theta);
+    scalar sinPhi = Foam::sin(phi);
+    scalar cosPhi = Foam::cos(phi);
+
+    omega_ = 2.0*sinTheta*Foam::sin(deltaTheta/2.0)*deltaPhi;
+    d_ = vector(sinTheta*sinPhi, sinTheta*cosPhi, cosTheta);
+    dAve_ = vector
+    (
+        sinPhi
+       *Foam::sin(0.5*deltaPhi)
+       *(deltaTheta - Foam::cos(2.0*theta)
+       *Foam::sin(deltaTheta)),
+        cosPhi
+       *Foam::sin(0.5*deltaPhi)
+       *(deltaTheta - Foam::cos(2.0*theta)
+       *Foam::sin(deltaTheta)),
+        0.5*deltaPhi*Foam::sin(2.0*theta)*Foam::sin(deltaTheta)
+    );
+
+
+    autoPtr<volScalarField> IDefaultPtr;
+
+    forAll(ILambda_, lambdaI)
+    {
+        IOobject IHeader
+        (
+            intensityPrefix + "_" + name(rayId) + "_" + name(lambdaI),
+            mesh_.time().timeName(),
+            mesh_,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        );
+
+        // check if field exists and can be read
+        if (IHeader.headerOk())
+        {
+            ILambda_.set
+            (
+                lambdaI,
+                new volScalarField(IHeader, mesh_)
+            );
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Demand driven load the IDefault field
+            if (!IDefaultPtr.valid())
+            {
+                IDefaultPtr.reset
+                (
+                    new volScalarField
+                    (
+                        IOobject
+                        (
+                            "IDefault",
+                            mesh_.time().timeName(),
+                            mesh_,
+                            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+                            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+                        ),
+                        mesh_
+                    )
+                );
+            }
+
+            // Reset the MUST_READ flag
+            IOobject noReadHeader(IHeader);
+            noReadHeader.readOpt() = IOobject::NO_READ;
+
+            ILambda_.set
+            (
+                lambdaI,
+                new volScalarField(noReadHeader, IDefaultPtr())
+            );
+        }
+    }
+    rayId++;
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::~radiativeIntensityRay()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::scalar Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::correct()
+{
+    // reset boundary heat flux to zero
+    Qr_ = dimensionedScalar("zero", dimMass/pow3(dimTime), 0.0);
+
+    scalar maxResidual = -GREAT;
+
+    forAll(ILambda_, lambdaI)
+    {
+        const volScalarField& k = dom_.aLambda(lambdaI);
+
+        surfaceScalarField Ji = dAve_ & mesh_.Sf();
+
+        fvScalarMatrix IiEq
+        (
+            fvm::div(Ji, ILambda_[lambdaI], "div(Ji,Ii_h)")
+          + fvm::Sp(k*omega_, ILambda_[lambdaI])
+         ==
+            1.0/Foam::mathematicalConstant::pi
+           *(
+                k*omega_*blackBody_.bLambda(lambdaI)
+              + absorptionEmission_.ECont(lambdaI)
+            )
+        );
+
+        IiEq.relax();
+
+        scalar eqnResidual = solve
+        (
+            IiEq,
+            mesh_.solver("Ii")
+        ).initialResidual();
+
+        maxResidual = max(eqnResidual, maxResidual);
+    }
+
+    return maxResidual;
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::addIntensity()
+{
+    I_ = dimensionedScalar("zero", dimMass/pow3(dimTime), 0.0);
+
+    forAll(ILambda_, lambdaI)
+    {
+        I_ += absorptionEmission_.addIntensity(lambdaI, ILambda_[lambdaI]);
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRay.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRay.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e558c8f3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRay.H
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay
+
+Description
+    Radiation intensity for a ray in a given direction
+
+SourceFiles
+    radiativeIntensityRay.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef radiativeIntensityRay_H
+#define radiativeIntensityRay_H
+
+#include "absorptionEmissionModel.H"
+#include "blackBodyEmission.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+
+// Forward declaration of classes
+class fvDOM;
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                    Class radiativeIntensityRay Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class radiativeIntensityRay
+{
+public:
+
+    static const word intensityPrefix;
+
+
+private:
+
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Refence to the owner fvDOM object
+        const fvDOM& dom_;
+
+        //- Reference to the mesh
+        const fvMesh& mesh_;
+
+        //- Absorption/emission model
+        const absorptionEmissionModel& absorptionEmission_;
+
+        //- Black body
+        const blackBodyEmission& blackBody_;
+
+        //- Total radiative intensity / [W/m2]
+        volScalarField I_;
+
+        //- Total radiative heat flux on boundary
+        volScalarField Qr_;
+
+        //- Direction
+        vector d_;
+
+        //- Average direction vector inside the solid angle
+        vector dAve_;
+
+        //- Theta angle
+        scalar theta_;
+
+        //- Phi angle
+        scalar phi_;
+
+        //- Solid angle
+        scalar omega_;
+
+        //- Number of wavelengths/bands
+        label nLambda_;
+
+        //- List of pointers to radiative intensity fields for given wavelengths
+        PtrList<volScalarField> ILambda_;
+
+        //- Global ray id - incremented in constructor
+        static label rayId;
+
+
+    // Private member functions
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
+        radiativeIntensityRay(const radiativeIntensityRay&);
+
+        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
+        void operator=(const radiativeIntensityRay&);
+
+
+public:
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct form components
+        radiativeIntensityRay
+        (
+            const fvDOM& dom,
+            const fvMesh& mesh,
+            const scalar phi,
+            const scalar theta,
+            const scalar deltaPhi,
+            const scalar deltaTheta,
+            const label lambda,
+            const absorptionEmissionModel& absEmmModel_,
+            const blackBodyEmission& blackBody
+        );
+
+
+    // Destructor
+    ~radiativeIntensityRay();
+
+
+    // Member functions
+
+        // Edit
+
+            //- Update radiative intensity on i direction
+            scalar correct();
+
+            //- Initialise the ray in i direction
+            void init
+            (
+                const scalar phi,
+                const scalar theta,
+                const scalar deltaPhi,
+                const scalar deltaTheta,
+                const scalar lambda
+            );
+
+            //- Add radiative intensities from all the bands
+            void addIntensity();
+
+
+        // Access
+
+            //- Return intensity
+            inline const volScalarField& I() const;
+
+            //- Return const access to the boundary heat flux
+            inline const volScalarField& Qr() const;
+
+            //- Return non-const access to the boundary heat flux
+            inline volScalarField& Qr();
+
+            //- Return direction
+            inline const vector& d() const;
+
+            //- Return the average vector inside the solid angle
+            inline const vector& dAve() const;
+
+            //- Return the number of bands
+            inline scalar nLambda() const;
+
+            //- Return the phi angle
+            inline scalar phi() const;
+
+            //- Return the theta angle
+            inline scalar theta() const;
+
+            //- Return the solid angle
+            inline scalar omega() const;
+
+            //- Return the radiative intensity for a given wavelength
+            inline const volScalarField& ILambda(const label lambdaI) const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace radiation
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#include "radiativeIntensityRayI.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRayI.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRayI.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0efd423a6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/fvDOM/radiativeIntensityRay/radiativeIntensityRayI.H
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+inline const Foam::volScalarField& Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::I() const
+{
+    return I_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::volScalarField& Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::Qr() const
+{
+    return Qr_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::volScalarField& Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::Qr()
+{
+    return Qr_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::vector& Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::d() const
+{
+    return d_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::vector& Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::dAve() const
+{
+    return dAve_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::scalar Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::nLambda() const
+{
+    return nLambda_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::scalar Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::phi() const
+{
+    return phi_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::scalar Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::theta() const
+{
+    return theta_;
+}
+
+
+inline Foam::scalar Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::omega() const
+{
+    return omega_;
+}
+
+
+inline const Foam::volScalarField& Foam::radiation::radiativeIntensityRay::ILambda
+(
+    const label lambdaI
+) const
+{
+    return ILambda_[lambdaI];
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/noRadiation/noRadiation.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/noRadiation/noRadiation.C
index ca814fe305..fc6fbc549a 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/noRadiation/noRadiation.C
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/noRadiation/noRadiation.C
@@ -50,10 +50,9 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-// Construct from components
 Foam::radiation::noRadiation::noRadiation(const volScalarField& T)
 :
-    radiationModel(typeName, T)
+    radiationModel(T)
 {}
 
 
@@ -71,7 +70,7 @@ bool Foam::radiation::noRadiation::read()
 }
 
 
-void Foam::radiation::noRadiation::correct()
+void Foam::radiation::noRadiation::calculate()
 {
     // Do nothing
 }
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/noRadiation/noRadiation.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/noRadiation/noRadiation.H
index f94617e8fc..2527ab1211 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/noRadiation/noRadiation.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/noRadiation/noRadiation.H
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ class noRadiation
 :
     public radiationModel
 {
-
     // Private member functions
 
         //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
@@ -76,17 +75,16 @@ public:
         noRadiation(const volScalarField& T);
 
 
-    // Destructor
-
-        ~noRadiation();
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~noRadiation();
 
 
     // Member functions
 
         // Edit
 
-            //- Update radiation source
-            void correct();
+            //- Solve radiation equation(s)
+            void calculate();
 
             //- Read radiationProperties dictionary
             bool read();
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/newRadiationModel.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/newRadiationModel.C
index 9822578114..c7840d9433 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/newRadiationModel.C
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/newRadiationModel.C
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ autoPtr<radiationModel> radiationModel::New
             IOobject
             (
                 "radiationProperties",
-                T.time().constant(),
-                T.db(),
+                T.mesh().time().constant(),
+                T.mesh().objectRegistry::db(),
                 IOobject::MUST_READ,
                 IOobject::NO_WRITE
             )
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ autoPtr<radiationModel> radiationModel::New
             "radiationModel::New(const volScalarField&)"
         )   << "Unknown radiationModel type " << radiationModelTypeName
             << nl << nl
-            << "Valid radiationModel types are :" << nl
+            << "Valid radiationModel types are:" << nl
             << dictionaryConstructorTablePtr_->toc()
             << exit(FatalError);
     }
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ autoPtr<radiationModel> radiationModel::New
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-} // End namespace radiation
+} // End radiation
 } // End namespace Foam
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/radiationModel.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/radiationModel.C
index adc5c53558..92c6397fb5 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/radiationModel.C
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/radiationModel.C
@@ -43,6 +43,30 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+Foam::radiation::radiationModel::radiationModel(const volScalarField& T)
+:
+    IOdictionary
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "radiationProperties",
+            T.time().constant(),
+            T.mesh(),
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        )
+    ),
+    mesh_(T.mesh()),
+    time_(T.time()),
+    T_(T),
+    radiation_(false),
+    coeffs_(dictionary::null),
+    solverFreq_(0),
+    absorptionEmission_(NULL),
+    scatter_(NULL)
+{}
+
+
 Foam::radiation::radiationModel::radiationModel
 (
     const word& type,
@@ -55,18 +79,22 @@ Foam::radiation::radiationModel::radiationModel
         (
             "radiationProperties",
             T.time().constant(),
-            T.db(),
+            T.mesh(),
             IOobject::MUST_READ,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
         )
     ),
-    T_(T),
     mesh_(T.mesh()),
+    time_(T.time()),
+    T_(T),
     radiation_(lookup("radiation")),
-    radiationModelCoeffs_(subDict(type + "Coeffs")),
+    coeffs_(subDict(type + "Coeffs")),
+    solverFreq_(readLabel(lookup("solverFreq"))),
     absorptionEmission_(absorptionEmissionModel::New(*this, mesh_)),
     scatter_(scatterModel::New(*this, mesh_))
-{}
+{
+    solverFreq_ = max(1, solverFreq_);
+}
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor    * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -82,7 +110,7 @@ bool Foam::radiation::radiationModel::read()
     if (regIOobject::read())
     {
         lookup("radiation") >> radiation_;
-        radiationModelCoeffs_ = subDict(type() + "Coeffs");
+        coeffs_ = subDict(type() + "Coeffs");
 
         return true;
     }
@@ -93,6 +121,20 @@ bool Foam::radiation::radiationModel::read()
 }
 
 
+void Foam::radiation::radiationModel::correct()
+{
+    if (!radiation_)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if ((time_.timeIndex() == 0) || (time_.timeIndex() % solverFreq_ == 0))
+    {
+        calculate();
+    }
+}
+
+
 Foam::tmp<Foam::fvScalarMatrix> Foam::radiation::radiationModel::Sh
 (
     basicThermo& thermo
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/radiationModel.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/radiationModel.H
index 4fc4e25c43..4d01dee1cf 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/radiationModel.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/radiationModel/radiationModel/radiationModel.H
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ Namespace
 Description
     Namespace for radiation modelling
 
-
 Class
     Foam::radiation::radiationModel
 
@@ -49,6 +48,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #include "volFields.H"
 #include "basicThermo.H"
 #include "fvMatrices.H"
+#include "blackBodyEmission.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -57,33 +57,40 @@ namespace Foam
 namespace radiation
 {
 
+// Forward declaration of classes
 class absorptionEmissionModel;
 class scatterModel;
 
 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                           Class radiationModel Declaration
+                       Class radiationModel Declaration
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 class radiationModel
 :
     public IOdictionary
 {
-
 protected:
 
     // Protected data
 
+        //- Reference to the mesh database
+        const fvMesh& mesh_;
+
+        //- Reference to the time database
+        const Time& time_;
+
         //- Reference to the temperature field
         const volScalarField& T_;
 
-        //- Reference to the mesh
-        const fvMesh& mesh_;
-
         //- Model specific dictionary input parameters
         Switch radiation_;
 
         //- Radiation model dictionary
-        dictionary radiationModelCoeffs_;
+        dictionary coeffs_;
+
+        //- Radiation solver frequency - number flow solver iterations per
+        //  radiation solver iteration
+        label solverFreq_;
 
 
         // References to the radiation sub-models
@@ -128,34 +135,32 @@ public:
 
     // Constructors
 
+        //- Null constructor
+        radiationModel(const volScalarField& T);
+
         //- Construct from components
-        radiationModel
-        (
-            const word& type,
-            const volScalarField& T
-        );
+        radiationModel(const word& type, const volScalarField& T);
 
 
     // Selectors
 
          //- Return a reference to the selected radiation model
-         static autoPtr<radiationModel> New
-         (
-             const volScalarField& T
-         );
+         static autoPtr<radiationModel> New(const volScalarField& T);
 
 
-    // Destructor
-
-        virtual ~radiationModel();
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~radiationModel();
 
 
     // Member Functions
 
         // Edit
 
+            //- Main update/correction routine
+            virtual void correct();
+
             //- Solve radiation equation(s)
-            virtual void correct() = 0;
+            virtual void calculate() = 0;
 
             //- Read radiationProperties dictionary
             virtual bool read() = 0;
@@ -170,10 +175,7 @@ public:
             virtual tmp<DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh> > Ru() const = 0;
 
             //- Enthalpy source term
-            virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> Sh
-            (
-                basicThermo& thermo
-            ) const;
+            virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> Sh(basicThermo& thermo) const;
 };
 
 
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel.C
index 84e65549ee..f67d0d3389 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel.C
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel.C
@@ -59,14 +59,14 @@ Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::~absorptionEmissionModel()
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::a() const
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::a(const label bandI) const
 {
-    return aDisp() + aCont();
+    return aDisp(bandI) + aCont(bandI);
 }
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::aCont() const
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::aCont(const label bandI) const
 {
     return tmp<volScalarField>
     (
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::aCont() const
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::aDisp() const
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::aDisp(const label bandI) const
 {
     return tmp<volScalarField>
     (
@@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::aDisp() const
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::e() const
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::e(const label bandI) const
 {
-    return eDisp() + eCont();
+    return eDisp(bandI) + eCont(bandI);
 }
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::eCont() const
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::eCont(const label bandI) const
 {
     return tmp<volScalarField>
     (
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::eCont() const
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::eDisp() const
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::eDisp(const label bandI) const
 {
     return tmp<volScalarField>
     (
@@ -165,14 +165,14 @@ Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::eDisp() const
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::E() const
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::E(const label bandI) const
 {
-    return EDisp() + ECont();
+    return EDisp(bandI) + ECont(bandI);
 }
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::ECont() const
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::ECont(const label bandI) const
 {
     return tmp<volScalarField>
     (
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::ECont() const
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::EDisp() const
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::EDisp(const label bandI) const
 {
     return tmp<volScalarField>
     (
@@ -217,4 +217,45 @@ Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::EDisp() const
 }
 
 
+Foam::label Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::nBands() const
+{
+    return pTraits<label>::one;
+}
+
+
+const Foam::Vector2D<Foam::scalar>&
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::bands(const label n) const
+{
+    return Vector2D<scalar>::one;
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::isGrey() const
+{
+    return false;
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::addIntensity
+(
+    const label rayI,
+    const volScalarField& ILambda
+) const
+{
+    return ILambda;
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::absorptionEmissionModel::correct
+(
+    volScalarField& a,
+    PtrList<volScalarField>& aj
+) const
+{
+    a.internalField() = this->a();
+    aj[0].internalField() =  a.internalField();
+}
+
+
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel.H
index 25596ba437..d7a0230b16 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel/absorptionEmissionModel.H
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ Description
 #include "autoPtr.H"
 #include "runTimeSelectionTables.H"
 #include "volFields.H"
+#include "Vector2D.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -95,57 +96,94 @@ public:
 
 
     //- Selector
-
-        static autoPtr<absorptionEmissionModel> New
-        (
-            const dictionary& dict,
-            const fvMesh& mesh
-        );
+    static autoPtr<absorptionEmissionModel> New
+    (
+        const dictionary& dict,
+        const fvMesh& mesh
+    );
 
 
     //- Destructor
-
-        virtual ~absorptionEmissionModel();
+    virtual ~absorptionEmissionModel();
 
 
     // Member Functions
 
         // Access
 
+            //- Reference to the mesh
+            inline const fvMesh& mesh() const
+            {
+                return mesh_;
+            }
+
+            //- Reference to the dictionary
+            inline const dictionary& dict() const
+            {
+                return dict_;
+            }
+
+
             // Absorption coefficient
 
                 //- Absorption coefficient (net)
-                virtual tmp<volScalarField> a() const;
+                virtual tmp<volScalarField> a(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
                 //- Absorption coefficient for continuous phase
-                virtual tmp<volScalarField> aCont() const;
+                virtual tmp<volScalarField> aCont(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
                 //- Absorption coefficient for dispersed phase
-                virtual tmp<volScalarField> aDisp() const;
+                virtual tmp<volScalarField> aDisp(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
 
             // Emission coefficient
 
                 //- Emission coefficient (net)
-                virtual tmp<volScalarField> e() const;
+                virtual tmp<volScalarField> e(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
                 //- Return emission coefficient for continuous phase
-                virtual tmp<volScalarField> eCont() const;
+                virtual tmp<volScalarField> eCont(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
                 //- Return emission coefficient for dispersed phase
-                virtual tmp<volScalarField> eDisp() const;
+                virtual tmp<volScalarField> eDisp(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
 
             // Emission contribution
 
                 //- Emission contribution (net)
-                virtual tmp<volScalarField> E() const;
+                virtual tmp<volScalarField> E(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
                 //- Emission contribution for continuous phase
-                virtual tmp<volScalarField> ECont() const;
+                virtual tmp<volScalarField> ECont(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
                 //- Emission contribution for dispersed phase
-                virtual tmp<volScalarField> EDisp() const;
+                virtual tmp<volScalarField> EDisp(const label bandI = 0) const;
+
+
+            //- Const access to the number of bands - defaults to 1 for grey
+            //  absorption/emission
+            virtual label nBands() const;
+
+            //- Const access to the bands - defaults to Vector2D::one for grey
+            //  absorption/emission
+            virtual const Vector2D<scalar>& bands(const label n) const;
+
+            //- Flag for whether the absorption/emission is for a grey gas
+            virtual bool isGrey() const;
+
+            //- Add radiative intensity for ray i
+            virtual tmp<volScalarField> addIntensity
+            (
+                const label rayI,
+                const volScalarField& ILambda
+            ) const;
+
+            //- Correct absorption coefficients
+            virtual void correct
+            (
+                volScalarField& a,
+                PtrList<volScalarField>& aj
+            ) const;
 };
 
 
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/binaryAbsorptionEmission/binaryAbsorptionEmission.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/binaryAbsorptionEmission/binaryAbsorptionEmission.H
index 4aab30405f..68ad204b84 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/binaryAbsorptionEmission/binaryAbsorptionEmission.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/binaryAbsorptionEmission/binaryAbsorptionEmission.H
@@ -53,7 +53,6 @@ class binaryAbsorptionEmission
 :
     public absorptionEmissionModel
 {
-
     // Private data
 
         //- Coefficients dictionary
@@ -83,8 +82,7 @@ public:
 
 
     // Destructor
-
-        ~binaryAbsorptionEmission();
+    virtual ~binaryAbsorptionEmission();
 
 
     // Member Operators
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/constantAbsorptionEmission/constantAbsorptionEmission.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/constantAbsorptionEmission/constantAbsorptionEmission.C
index 1ab215c6b7..8809bf03d8 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/constantAbsorptionEmission/constantAbsorptionEmission.C
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/constantAbsorptionEmission/constantAbsorptionEmission.C
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ Foam::radiation::constantAbsorptionEmission::~constantAbsorptionEmission()
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::constantAbsorptionEmission::aCont() const
+Foam::radiation::constantAbsorptionEmission::aCont(const label bandI) const
 {
     tmp<volScalarField> ta
     (
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ Foam::radiation::constantAbsorptionEmission::aCont() const
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::constantAbsorptionEmission::eCont() const
+Foam::radiation::constantAbsorptionEmission::eCont(const label bandI) const
 {
     tmp<volScalarField> te
     (
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ Foam::radiation::constantAbsorptionEmission::eCont() const
 
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::radiation::constantAbsorptionEmission::ECont() const
+Foam::radiation::constantAbsorptionEmission::ECont(const label bandI) const
 {
     tmp<volScalarField> tE
     (
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/constantAbsorptionEmission/constantAbsorptionEmission.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/constantAbsorptionEmission/constantAbsorptionEmission.H
index 3c54ce29c2..f4e7656b02 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/constantAbsorptionEmission/constantAbsorptionEmission.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/constantAbsorptionEmission/constantAbsorptionEmission.H
@@ -54,7 +54,6 @@ class constantAbsorptionEmission
 :
     public absorptionEmissionModel
 {
-
     // Private data
 
         //- Absorption model dictionary
@@ -87,8 +86,7 @@ public:
 
 
     // Destructor
-
-        ~constantAbsorptionEmission();
+    virtual ~constantAbsorptionEmission();
 
 
     // Member Operators
@@ -98,19 +96,27 @@ public:
             // Absorption coefficient
 
                 //- Absorption coefficient for continuous phase
-                tmp<volScalarField> aCont() const;
+                tmp<volScalarField> aCont(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
 
             // Emission coefficient
 
                 //- Emission coefficient for continuous phase
-                tmp<volScalarField> eCont() const;
+                tmp<volScalarField> eCont(const label bandI = 0) const;
 
 
             // Emission contribution
 
                 //- Emission contribution for continuous phase
-                tmp<volScalarField> ECont() const;
+                tmp<volScalarField> ECont(const label bandI = 0) const;
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        inline bool isGrey() const
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
 };
 
 
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dccbbbad25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission.C
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "greyMeanAbsorptionEmission.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    namespace radiation
+    {
+        defineTypeNameAndDebug(greyMeanAbsorptionEmission, 0);
+
+        addToRunTimeSelectionTable
+        (
+            absorptionEmissionModel,
+            greyMeanAbsorptionEmission,
+            dictionary
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission
+(
+    const dictionary& dict,
+    const fvMesh& mesh
+)
+:
+    absorptionEmissionModel(dict, mesh),
+    coeffsDict_((dict.subDict(typeName + "Coeffs"))),
+    speciesNames_(0),
+    specieIndex_(0),
+    lookUpTable_
+    (
+        fileName(coeffsDict_.lookup("lookUpTableFileName")),
+        mesh.time().constant(),
+        mesh
+    ),
+    thermo_(mesh.lookupObject<basicThermo>("thermophysicalProperties")),
+    EhrrCoeff_(readScalar(coeffsDict_.lookup("EhrrCoeff"))),
+    Yj_(nSpecies_)
+{
+    label nFunc = 0;
+    const dictionary& functionDicts = dict.subDict(typeName + "Coeffs");
+
+    forAllConstIter(dictionary, functionDicts, iter)
+    {
+        // safety:
+        if (!iter().isDict())
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+        const word& key = iter().keyword();
+        speciesNames_.insert(key, nFunc);
+        const dictionary& dict = iter().dict();
+        coeffs_[nFunc].initialise(dict);
+        nFunc++;
+    }
+
+    // Check that all the species on the dictionary are present in the
+    // look-up table and save the corresponding indices of the look-up table
+
+    label j = 0;
+    forAllConstIter(HashTable<label>, speciesNames_, iter)
+    {
+        if (mesh.foundObject<volScalarField>("ft"))
+        {
+            if (lookUpTable_.found(iter.key()))
+            {
+                label index = lookUpTable_.findFieldIndex(iter.key());
+
+                Info<< "specie: " << iter.key() << " found on look-up table "
+                    << " with index: " << index << endl;
+
+                specieIndex_[iter()] = index;
+            }
+            else if (mesh.foundObject<volScalarField>(iter.key()))
+            {
+                volScalarField& Y =
+                    const_cast<volScalarField&>
+                    (
+                        mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>(iter.key())
+                    );
+                Yj_.set(j, &Y);
+                specieIndex_[iter()] = 0;
+                j++;
+                Info<< "specie: " << iter.key() << " is being solved" << endl;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                FatalErrorIn
+                (
+                    "Foam::radiation::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission(const"
+                    "dictionary& dict, const fvMesh& mesh)"
+                )   << "specie: " << iter.key()
+                    << " is neither in look-up table: "
+                    << lookUpTable_.tableName()
+                    << " nor is being solved" << nl
+                    << exit(FatalError);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "Foam::radiation::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission(const"
+                "dictionary& dict, const fvMesh& mesh)"
+            )   << "specie ft is not present " << nl
+                << exit(FatalError);
+
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission::~greyMeanAbsorptionEmission()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::radiation::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission::aCont(const label bandI) const
+{
+    const volScalarField& T = thermo_.T();
+    const volScalarField& p = thermo_.p();
+    const volScalarField& ft = mesh_.lookupObject<volScalarField>("ft");
+
+    label nSpecies = speciesNames_.size();
+
+    tmp<volScalarField> ta
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "a",
+                mesh().time().timeName(),
+                mesh(),
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE
+            ),
+            mesh(),
+            dimensionedScalar("a", dimless/dimLength, 0.0)
+        )
+    );
+
+    scalarField& a = ta().internalField();
+
+    forAll(a, i)
+    {
+        const List<scalar>& species = lookUpTable_.lookUp(ft[i]);
+
+        for (label n=0; n<nSpecies; n++)
+        {
+            label l = 0;
+            scalar Yipi = 0;
+            if (specieIndex_[n] != 0)
+            {
+                //moles x pressure [atm]
+                Yipi = species[specieIndex_[n]]*p[i]*9.869231e-6;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // mass fraction
+                Yipi = Yj_[l][i];
+                l++;
+            }
+
+            const absorptionCoeffs::coeffArray& b = coeffs_[n].coeffs(T[i]);
+
+            scalar Ti = T[i];
+            // negative temperature exponents
+            if (coeffs_[n].invTemp())
+            {
+                Ti = 1./T[i];
+            }
+            a[i] +=
+                Yipi
+               *(
+                    ((((b[5]*Ti + b[4])*Ti + b[3])*Ti + b[2])*Ti + b[1])*Ti
+                  + b[0]
+                );
+        }
+    }
+    return ta;
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::radiation::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission::eCont(const label bandI) const
+{
+    tmp<volScalarField> e
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "e",
+                mesh().time().timeName(),
+                mesh(),
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE
+            ),
+            mesh(),
+            dimensionedScalar("e", dimless/dimLength, 0.0)
+        )
+    );
+
+    return e;
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::radiation::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission::ECont(const label bandI) const
+{
+    tmp<volScalarField> E
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "E",
+                mesh_.time().timeName(),
+                mesh_,
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE
+            ),
+            mesh_,
+            dimensionedScalar("E", dimMass/dimLength/pow3(dimTime), 0.0)
+        )
+    );
+
+    if (mesh_.foundObject<volScalarField>("hrr"))
+    {
+        const volScalarField& hrr = mesh_.lookupObject<volScalarField>("hrr");
+        E().internalField() = EhrrCoeff_*hrr.internalField();
+    }
+
+    return E;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c24af42c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission/greyMeanAbsorptionEmission.H
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::radiation::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission
+
+Description
+    greyMeanAbsorptionEmission radiation absorption and emission coefficients
+    for continuous phase
+
+    The coefficients for the species in the Look up table have to be specified
+    for use in moles x P [atm], i.e. (k[i] = species[i]*p*9.869231e-6).
+
+    The coefficients for CO and soot or any other added are multiplied by the
+    respective mass fraction being solved
+
+    All the species in the dictionary need either to be in the look-up table or
+    being solved. Conversely, all the species solved do not need to be included
+    in the calculation of the absorption coefficient
+
+    The names of the species in the absorption dictionary must match exactly the
+    name in the look-up table or the name of the field being solved
+
+    The look-up table ("speciesTable") file should be in constant
+
+    i.e. dictionary
+
+    LookUpTableFileName     "speciesTable";
+
+    EhrrCoeff                0.0;
+
+    CO2
+    {
+        Tcommon         300.;   // Common Temp
+        invTemp         true;   // Is the polynomial using inverse temperature?
+        Tlow            300.;   // Low Temp
+        Thigh           2500.;  // High Temp
+
+        loTcoeffs       // coeffs for T < Tcommon
+        (
+            0           //  a0            +
+            0           //  a1*T          +
+            0           //  a2*T^(+/-)2   +
+            0           //  a3*T^(+/-)3   +
+            0           //  a4*T^(+/-)4   +
+            0           //  a5*T^(+/-)5   +
+        );
+        hiTcoeffs       // coeffs for T > Tcommon
+        (
+            18.741
+            -121.31e3
+            273.5e6
+            -194.05e9
+            56.31e12
+            -5.8169e15
+        );
+
+    }
+
+SourceFiles
+    greyMeanAbsorptionEmission.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef greyMeanAbsorptionEmission_H
+#define greyMeanAbsorptionEmission_H
+
+#include "interpolationLookUpTable.H"
+#include "absorptionEmissionModel.H"
+#include "HashTable.H"
+#include "absorptionCoeffs.H"
+#include "basicThermo.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                 Class greyMeanAbsorptionEmission Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class greyMeanAbsorptionEmission
+:
+    public absorptionEmissionModel
+{
+public:
+
+    // Public data
+
+        // - Maximum number of species considered for absorptivity
+        static const int nSpecies_ = 5;
+
+        //  Absorption Coefficients
+        absorptionCoeffs coeffs_[nSpecies_];
+
+
+private:
+
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Absorption model dictionary
+        dictionary coeffsDict_;
+
+        //- Hash table of species names
+        HashTable<label> speciesNames_;
+
+        // Indices of species in the look-up table
+        FixedList<label, nSpecies_> specieIndex_;
+
+        // Look-up table of species related to ft
+        mutable interpolationLookUpTable<scalar> lookUpTable_;
+
+        // Thermo package
+        const basicThermo& thermo_;
+
+        //- Emission constant coefficient
+        const scalar EhrrCoeff_;
+
+        //- Pointer list of species in the registry involved in the absorption
+        UPtrList<volScalarField> Yj_;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("greyMeanAbsorptionEmission");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        greyMeanAbsorptionEmission
+        (
+            const dictionary& dict,
+            const fvMesh& mesh
+        );
+
+
+    // Destructor
+    virtual ~greyMeanAbsorptionEmission();
+
+
+    // Member Operators
+
+        // Access
+
+            // Absorption coefficient
+
+                //- Absorption coefficient for continuous phase
+                tmp<volScalarField> aCont(const label bandI = 0) const;
+
+
+            // Emission coefficient
+
+                //- Emission coefficient for continuous phase
+                tmp<volScalarField> eCont(const label bandI = 0) const;
+
+
+            // Emission contribution
+
+                //- Emission contribution for continuous phase
+                tmp<volScalarField> ECont(const label bandI = 0) const;
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        inline bool isGrey() const
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace radiation
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/noAbsorptionEmission/noAbsorptionEmission.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/noAbsorptionEmission/noAbsorptionEmission.H
index 5e978e862e..0010dc98fe 100644
--- a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/noAbsorptionEmission/noAbsorptionEmission.H
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/noAbsorptionEmission/noAbsorptionEmission.H
@@ -71,8 +71,7 @@ public:
 
 
     // Destructor
-
-        ~noAbsorptionEmission();
+    virtual ~noAbsorptionEmission();
 };
 
 
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/wideBandAbsorptionEmission/wideBandAbsorptionEmission.C b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/wideBandAbsorptionEmission/wideBandAbsorptionEmission.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a96deeb0b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/wideBandAbsorptionEmission/wideBandAbsorptionEmission.C
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "wideBandAbsorptionEmission.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    namespace radiation
+    {
+        defineTypeNameAndDebug(wideBandAbsorptionEmission, 0);
+
+        addToRunTimeSelectionTable
+        (
+            absorptionEmissionModel,
+            wideBandAbsorptionEmission,
+            dictionary
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::wideBandAbsorptionEmission::wideBandAbsorptionEmission
+(
+    const dictionary& dict,
+    const fvMesh& mesh
+)
+:
+    absorptionEmissionModel(dict, mesh),
+    coeffsDict_((dict.subDict(typeName + "Coeffs"))),
+    speciesNames_(0),
+    specieIndex_(0),
+    lookUpTable_
+    (
+        fileName(coeffsDict_.lookup("lookUpTableFileName")),
+        mesh.time().constant(),
+        mesh
+    ),
+    thermo_(mesh.lookupObject<basicThermo>("thermophysicalProperties")),
+    Yj_(nSpecies_),
+    totalWaveLength_(0)
+{
+    label nBand = 0;
+    const dictionary& functionDicts = dict.subDict(typeName +"Coeffs");
+    forAllConstIter(dictionary, functionDicts, iter)
+    {
+        // safety:
+        if (!iter().isDict())
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        const dictionary& dict = iter().dict();
+        dict.lookup("bandLimits") >> iBands_[nBand];
+        dict.lookup("EhrrCoeff") >> iEhrrCoeffs_[nBand];
+        totalWaveLength_ += iBands_[nBand][1] - iBands_[nBand][0];
+
+        label nSpec = 0;
+        const dictionary& specDicts = dict.subDict("species");
+        forAllConstIter(dictionary, specDicts, iter)
+        {
+            const word& key = iter().keyword();
+            if (nBand == 0)
+            {
+                speciesNames_.insert(key, nSpec);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (!speciesNames_.found(key))
+                {
+                    FatalErrorIn
+                    (
+                        "Foam::radiation::wideBandAbsorptionEmission(const"
+                        "dictionary& dict, const fvMesh& mesh)"
+                    )   << "specie: " << key << "is not in all the bands"
+                        << nl << exit(FatalError);
+                }
+            }
+            coeffs_[nSpec][nBand].initialise(specDicts.subDict(key));
+            nSpec++;
+        }
+        nBand++;
+    }
+    nBands_ = nBand;
+
+    // Check that all the species on the dictionary are present in the
+    // look-up table  and save the corresponding indices of the look-up table
+
+    label j = 0;
+    forAllConstIter(HashTable<label>, speciesNames_, iter)
+    {
+        if (lookUpTable_.found(iter.key()))
+        {
+            label index = lookUpTable_.findFieldIndex(iter.key());
+            Info<< "specie: " << iter.key() << " found in look-up table "
+                << " with index: " << index << endl;
+            specieIndex_[iter()] = index;
+        }
+        else if (mesh.foundObject<volScalarField>(iter.key()))
+        {
+            volScalarField& Y = const_cast<volScalarField&>
+                (mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>(iter.key()));
+
+            Yj_.set(j, &Y);
+
+            specieIndex_[iter()] = 0.0;
+            j++;
+            Info<< "species: " << iter.key() << " is being solved" << endl;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "radiation::wideBandAbsorptionEmission(const"
+                "dictionary& dict, const fvMesh& mesh)"
+            )   << "specie: " << iter.key()
+                << " is neither in look-up table : "
+                << lookUpTable_.tableName() << " nor is being solved"
+                << exit(FatalError);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::radiation::wideBandAbsorptionEmission::~wideBandAbsorptionEmission()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::radiation::wideBandAbsorptionEmission::aCont(const label bandI) const
+{
+    const volScalarField& T = thermo_.T();
+    const volScalarField& p = thermo_.p();
+    const volScalarField& ft = mesh_.lookupObject<volScalarField>("ft");
+
+    label nSpecies = speciesNames_.size();
+
+    tmp<volScalarField> ta
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "a",
+                mesh().time().timeName(),
+                mesh(),
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE
+            ),
+            mesh(),
+            dimensionedScalar("a", dimless/dimLength, 0.0)
+        )
+    );
+
+    scalarField& a = ta().internalField();
+
+    forAll(a, i)
+    {
+        const List<scalar>& species = lookUpTable_.lookUp(ft[i]);
+
+        for (label n=0; n<nSpecies; n++)
+        {
+            label l = 0;
+            scalar Yipi = 0.0;
+            if (specieIndex_[n] != 0)
+            {
+                // moles x pressure [atm]
+                Yipi = species[specieIndex_[n]]*p[i]*9.869231e-6;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // mass fraction from species being solved
+                Yipi = Yj_[l][i];
+                l++;
+            }
+
+            scalar Ti = T[i];
+
+            const absorptionCoeffs::coeffArray& b =
+                coeffs_[n][bandI].coeffs(T[i]);
+
+            if (coeffs_[n][bandI].invTemp())
+            {
+                Ti = 1.0/T[i];
+            }
+
+            a[i]+=
+                Yipi
+               *(
+                    ((((b[5]*Ti + b[4])*Ti + b[3])*Ti + b[2])*Ti + b[1])*Ti
+                  + b[0]
+                );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ta;
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::radiation::wideBandAbsorptionEmission::eCont(const label bandI) const
+{
+    tmp<volScalarField> e
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "e",
+                mesh().time().timeName(),
+                mesh(),
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE
+            ),
+            mesh(),
+            dimensionedScalar("e", dimless/dimLength, 0.0)
+        )
+    );
+
+    return e;
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::radiation::wideBandAbsorptionEmission::ECont(const label bandI) const
+{
+    tmp<volScalarField> E
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "E",
+                mesh().time().timeName(),
+                mesh(),
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE
+            ),
+            mesh(),
+            dimensionedScalar("E", dimMass/dimLength/pow3(dimTime), 0.0)
+        )
+    );
+
+    if (mesh().foundObject<volScalarField>("hrr"))
+    {
+        const volScalarField& hrr = mesh().lookupObject<volScalarField>("hrr");
+        E().internalField() =
+            iEhrrCoeffs_[bandI]
+           *hrr.internalField()
+           *(iBands_[bandI][1] - iBands_[bandI][0])
+           /totalWaveLength_;
+    }
+
+    return E;
+}
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::radiation::wideBandAbsorptionEmission::addIntensity
+(
+    const label i,
+    const volScalarField& ILambda
+) const
+{
+    return ILambda*(iBands_[i][1] - iBands_[i][0])/totalWaveLength_;
+}
+
+
+void Foam::radiation::wideBandAbsorptionEmission::correct
+(
+    volScalarField& a,
+    PtrList<volScalarField>& aLambda
+) const
+{
+    a = dimensionedScalar("zero", dimless/dimLength, 0.0);
+
+    for (label j=0; j<nBands_; j++)
+    {
+        Info<< "Calculating absorption in band: " << j << endl;
+        aLambda[j].internalField() = this->a(j);
+        Info<< "Calculated absorption in band: " << j << endl;
+        a.internalField() +=
+            aLambda[j].internalField()
+           *(iBands_[j][1] - iBands_[j][0])
+           /totalWaveLength_;
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/wideBandAbsorptionEmission/wideBandAbsorptionEmission.H b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/wideBandAbsorptionEmission/wideBandAbsorptionEmission.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21e10c400b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thermophysicalModels/radiation/submodels/absorptionEmissionModel/wideBandAbsorptionEmission/wideBandAbsorptionEmission.H
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2009 OpenCFD Ltd.
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+    Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+    option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+    Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+
+Class
+    Foam::radiation::greyMeanAbsorptionEmission
+
+Description
+
+    wideBandAbsorptionEmission radiation absorption and emission coefficients
+    for continuous phase.
+
+    All the bands should have the same number of species and have to be entered
+    in the same order.
+
+    There is no check of continuity of the bands. They should not ovelap or
+    have gaps.
+
+    The emission constant proportionality is specified per band (EhrrCoeff).
+
+    The coefficients for the species in the LookUpTable have to be specified
+    for use in moles x P [atm].i.e. (k[i] = species[i]*p*9.869231e-6).
+
+    The coefficients for CO and soot or any other added are multiplied by the
+    respective mass fraction being solved.
+
+    The look Up table file should be in the constant directory.
+
+    band dictionary:
+
+    band0
+    {
+        bandLimits (1.0e-6 2.63e-6);
+        EhrrCoeff       0.0;
+        species
+        {
+            CH4
+            {
+                Tcommon         300.;
+                Tlow            300.;
+                Thigh           2500.;
+                invTemp         false;
+                loTcoeffs (0 0 0 0 0 0) ;
+                hiTcoeffs (.1 0 0 0 0 0);
+            }
+            CO2
+            {
+                Tcommon         300.;
+                Tlow            300.;
+                Thigh           2500.;
+                invTemp         false;
+                loTcoeffs (0 0 0 0 0 0) ;
+                hiTcoeffs (.1 0 0 0 0 0);
+            }
+
+            H2O
+            {
+                Tcommon         300.;
+                Tlow            300.;
+                Thigh           2500.;
+                invTemp         false;
+                loTcoeffs (0 0 0 0 0 0) ;
+                hiTcoeffs (.1 0 0 0 0 0);
+            }
+
+            Ysoot
+            {
+                Tcommon         300.;
+                Tlow            300.;
+                Thigh           2500.;
+                invTemp         false;
+                loTcoeffs (0 0 0 0 0 0) ;
+                hiTcoeffs (.1 0 0 0 0 0);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+SourceFiles
+    wideBandAbsorptionEmission.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef wideBandAbsorptionEmission_H
+#define wideBandAbsorptionEmission_H
+
+#include "interpolationLookUpTable.H"
+#include "absorptionEmissionModel.H"
+#include "HashTable.H"
+#include "absorptionCoeffs.H"
+#include "basicThermo.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace radiation
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                  Class wideBandAbsorptionEmission Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class wideBandAbsorptionEmission
+:
+    public absorptionEmissionModel
+{
+public:
+
+    // Public data
+
+        //- Maximum number of species considered for absorptivity
+        static const int nSpecies_ = 5;
+
+        //- Maximum number of bands
+        static const int maxBands_ = 10;
+
+        //-  Absorption coefficients
+        FixedList<FixedList<absorptionCoeffs, nSpecies_>, maxBands_> coeffs_;
+
+
+private:
+
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Absorption model dictionary
+        dictionary coeffsDict_;
+
+        //- Hash table with species names
+        HashTable<label> speciesNames_;
+
+        //- Indices of species in the look-up table
+        FixedList<label, nSpecies_> specieIndex_;
+
+        //- Bands
+        FixedList<Vector2D<scalar>, maxBands_> iBands_;
+
+        //- Proportion of the heat released rate emitted
+        FixedList<scalar, maxBands_> iEhrrCoeffs_;
+
+        //- Look-up table of species related to ft
+        mutable interpolationLookUpTable<scalar> lookUpTable_;
+
+        //- Thermo package
+        const basicThermo& thermo_;
+
+        //- Bands
+        label nBands_;
+
+        //- Pointer list of species being solved involved in the absorption
+        UPtrList<volScalarField> Yj_;
+
+        // Total wave length covered by the bands
+        scalar totalWaveLength_;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("wideBandAbsorptionEmission");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        wideBandAbsorptionEmission
+        (
+            const dictionary& dict,
+            const fvMesh& mesh
+        );
+
+
+    // Destructor
+    virtual ~wideBandAbsorptionEmission();
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        // Access
+
+            // Absorption coefficient
+
+                //- Absorption coefficient for continuous phase
+                tmp<volScalarField> aCont(const label bandI = 0) const;
+
+
+            // Emission coefficient
+
+                //- Emission coefficient for continuous phase
+                tmp<volScalarField> eCont(const label bandI = 0) const;
+
+
+            // Emission contribution
+
+                //- Emission contribution for continuous phase
+                tmp<volScalarField> ECont(const label bandI = 0) const;
+
+
+        inline bool isGrey() const
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        //- Number of bands
+        inline label nBands() const
+        {
+            return nBands_;
+        }
+
+        //- Lower and upper limit of band i
+        inline const Vector2D<scalar>& bands(const label i) const
+        {
+            return iBands_[i];
+        }
+
+        //- Add contribution of ILambda to the total radiative intensity in
+        //  direction i
+        tmp<volScalarField> addIntensity
+        (
+            const label i,
+            const volScalarField& ILambda
+        ) const;
+
+        void correct
+        (
+            volScalarField& a_,
+            PtrList<volScalarField>& aLambda
+        ) const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace radiation
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/src/topoChangerFvMesh/movingConeTopoFvMesh/movingConeTopoFvMesh.C b/src/topoChangerFvMesh/movingConeTopoFvMesh/movingConeTopoFvMesh.C
index 2f3804afde..dedf725e24 100644
--- a/src/topoChangerFvMesh/movingConeTopoFvMesh/movingConeTopoFvMesh.C
+++ b/src/topoChangerFvMesh/movingConeTopoFvMesh/movingConeTopoFvMesh.C
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ bool Foam::movingConeTopoFvMesh::update()
             //    << endl;
 
             {
-                OFstream str(thisDb().path()/"meshPoints.obj");
+                OFstream str(time().timePath()/"meshPoints.obj");
                 Pout<< "Writing mesh with meshPoints to " << str.name()
                     << endl;
 
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ bool Foam::movingConeTopoFvMesh::update()
                 }
             }
             {
-                OFstream str(thisDb().path()/"preMotionPoints.obj");
+                OFstream str(time().timePath()/"preMotionPoints.obj");
                 Pout<< "Writing mesh with preMotionPoints to " << str.name()
                     << endl;
 
diff --git a/src/triSurface/faceTriangulation/faceTriangulation.C b/src/triSurface/faceTriangulation/faceTriangulation.C
index f0df337107..675ae91db8 100644
--- a/src/triSurface/faceTriangulation/faceTriangulation.C
+++ b/src/triSurface/faceTriangulation/faceTriangulation.C
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ void Foam::faceTriangulation::calcHalfAngle
 
     scalar sin = (e0 ^ e1) & normal;
 
-    if (sin < -SMALL)
+    if (sin < -ROOTVSMALL)
     {
         // 3rd or 4th quadrant
         cosHalfAngle = - Foam::sqrt(0.5*(1 + cos));
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ Foam::label Foam::faceTriangulation::findStart
         const vector& rightEdge = edges[right(size, fp)];
         const vector leftEdge = -edges[left(size, fp)];
 
-        if (((rightEdge ^ leftEdge) & normal) < SMALL)
+        if (((rightEdge ^ leftEdge) & normal) < ROOTVSMALL)
         {
             scalar cos = rightEdge & leftEdge;
             if (cos < minCos)
diff --git a/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/LadenburgJet60psi/system/sampleDict b/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/LadenburgJet60psi/system/sampleDict
index 39efd421b7..2c124296c5 100644
--- a/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/LadenburgJet60psi/system/sampleDict
+++ b/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/LadenburgJet60psi/system/sampleDict
@@ -19,7 +19,33 @@ interpolationScheme cellPointFace;
 
 writeFormat     raw;
 
-sampleSets      ( face { name cone25 ; axis x ; start ( 0 0 0 ) ; end ( 0.09208087 0.042939 0 ) ; nPoints 92 ; } face { name cone55 ; axis x ; start ( 0.09208087 0.042939 0 ) ; end ( 0.153683 0.13092 0 ) ; nPoints 61 ; } face { name base ; axis x ; start ( 0.153683 0.13092 0 ) ; end ( 0.193675 0.13092 0 ) ; nPoints 40 ; } );
+sampleSets
+(
+    face
+    {
+        name    cone25;
+        axis    x;
+        start   ( 0 0 0 );
+        end     ( 0.09208087 0.042939 0 );
+        nPoints 92;
+    }
+    face
+    {
+        name    cone55;
+        axis    x;
+        start   ( 0.09208087 0.042939 0 );
+        end     ( 0.153683 0.13092 0 );
+        nPoints 61;
+    }
+    face
+    {
+        name    base;
+        axis    x;
+        start   ( 0.153683 0.13092 0 );
+        end     ( 0.193675 0.13092 0 );
+        nPoints 40;
+    }
+);
 
 fields          ( p wallHeatTransRate );
 
diff --git a/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/biconic25-55Run35/system/sampleDict b/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/biconic25-55Run35/system/sampleDict
index d578a3cadd..9e80185a57 100644
--- a/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/biconic25-55Run35/system/sampleDict
+++ b/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/biconic25-55Run35/system/sampleDict
@@ -21,7 +21,33 @@ setFormat       raw;
 
 surfaceFormat   vtk;
 
-sets            ( cone25 { type face ; axis x ; start ( 0 0 0 ) ; end ( 0.09208087 0.042939 0 ) ; nPoints 92 ; } cone55 { type face ; axis x ; start ( 0.09208087 0.042939 0 ) ; end ( 0.153683 0.13092 0 ) ; nPoints 61 ; } base { type face ; axis x ; start ( 0.153683 0.13092 0 ) ; end ( 0.193675 0.13092 0 ) ; nPoints 40 ; } );
+sets
+(
+    cone25
+    {
+        type    face;
+        axis    x;
+        start   ( 0 0 0 );
+        end     ( 0.09208087 0.042939 0 );
+        nPoints 92;
+    }
+    cone55
+    {
+        type    face;
+        axis    x;
+        start   ( 0.09208087 0.042939 0 );
+        end     ( 0.153683 0.13092 0 );
+        nPoints 61;
+    }
+    base
+    {
+        type    face;
+        axis    x;
+        start   ( 0.153683 0.13092 0 );
+        end     ( 0.193675 0.13092 0 );
+        nPoints 40;
+    }
+);
 
 surfaces        ( );
 
diff --git a/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/shockTube/system/sampleDict b/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/shockTube/system/sampleDict
index d8e4f7301d..f8985b2632 100644
--- a/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/shockTube/system/sampleDict
+++ b/tutorials/compressible/rhoCentralFoam/shockTube/system/sampleDict
@@ -21,9 +21,19 @@ setFormat       raw;
 
 surfaceFormat   vtk;
 
-sets            ( line { type face ; axis x ; start ( -5 0 0 ) ; end ( 5 0 0 ) ; nPoints 100 ; } );
+sets
+(
+    line
+    {
+        type    face;
+        axis    x;
+        start   ( -5 0 0 );
+        end     ( 5 0 0 );
+        nPoints 100;
+    }
+);
 
-surfaces        ( );
+surfaces        ();
 
 fields          ( p U.component(0) T rho );
 
diff --git a/tutorials/compressible/rhoSonicFoam/shockTube/system/sampleDict b/tutorials/compressible/rhoSonicFoam/shockTube/system/sampleDict
index 9d71da62e2..5f44c51ade 100644
--- a/tutorials/compressible/rhoSonicFoam/shockTube/system/sampleDict
+++ b/tutorials/compressible/rhoSonicFoam/shockTube/system/sampleDict
@@ -19,9 +19,19 @@ interpolationScheme cellPoint;
 
 setFormat       raw;
 
-sets            ( data { type uniform ; axis x ; start ( -4.995 0 0 ) ; end ( 4.995 0 0 ) ; nPoints 1000 ; } );
+sets
+(
+    data
+    {
+        type    uniform;
+        axis    x;
+        start   ( -4.995 0 0 );
+        end     ( 4.995 0 0 );
+        nPoints 1000;
+    }
+);
 
-surfaces        ( );
+surfaces        ();
 
 fields          ( T magU p );
 
diff --git a/tutorials/compressible/sonicFoam/laminar/shockTube/system/sampleDict b/tutorials/compressible/sonicFoam/laminar/shockTube/system/sampleDict
index 9d71da62e2..5f44c51ade 100644
--- a/tutorials/compressible/sonicFoam/laminar/shockTube/system/sampleDict
+++ b/tutorials/compressible/sonicFoam/laminar/shockTube/system/sampleDict
@@ -19,9 +19,19 @@ interpolationScheme cellPoint;
 
 setFormat       raw;
 
-sets            ( data { type uniform ; axis x ; start ( -4.995 0 0 ) ; end ( 4.995 0 0 ) ; nPoints 1000 ; } );
+sets
+(
+    data
+    {
+        type    uniform;
+        axis    x;
+        start   ( -4.995 0 0 );
+        end     ( 4.995 0 0 );
+        nPoints 1000;
+    }
+);
 
-surfaces        ( );
+surfaces        ();
 
 fields          ( T magU p );
 
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/Allclean b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/Allclean
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/Allclean
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/Allclean
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/Allrun b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/Allrun
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/Allrun
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/Allrun
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/constant/polyMesh/boundary b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/constant/polyMesh/boundary
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/constant/polyMesh/boundary
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/constant/polyMesh/boundary
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/controlDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/controlDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/controlDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/controlDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/fvSchemes b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/fvSchemes
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/fvSchemes
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/fvSchemes
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/fvSolution b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/fvSolution
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/fvSolution
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/fvSolution
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/mdSolution b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/mdSolution
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/mdSolution
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/mdSolution
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/molConfigDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/molConfigDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/molConfigDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/molConfigDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/potentialDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/potentialDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/potentialDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/constrictedChannel/system/potentialDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/constant/polyMesh/boundary b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/constant/polyMesh/boundary
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/constant/polyMesh/boundary
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/constant/polyMesh/boundary
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/controlDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/controlDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/controlDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/controlDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/decomposeParDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/decomposeParDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/decomposeParDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/decomposeParDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/fvSchemes b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/fvSchemes
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/fvSchemes
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/fvSchemes
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/fvSolution b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/fvSolution
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/fvSolution
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/fvSolution
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/mdSolution b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/mdSolution
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/mdSolution
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/mdSolution
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/molConfigDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/molConfigDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/molConfigDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/molConfigDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/potentialDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/potentialDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/potentialDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/gnemdFoam/nanoNozzle/system/potentialDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Allclean b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Allclean
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Allclean
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Allclean
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Allrun b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Allrun
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Allrun
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/Allrun
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/constant/polyMesh/blockMeshDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/constant/polyMesh/boundary b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/constant/polyMesh/boundary
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/constant/polyMesh/boundary
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/constant/polyMesh/boundary
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/controlDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/controlDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/controlDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/controlDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/fvSchemes b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/fvSchemes
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/fvSchemes
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/fvSchemes
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/fvSolution b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/fvSolution
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/fvSolution
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/fvSolution
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/mdEquilibrationDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/mdEquilibrationDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/mdEquilibrationDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/mdEquilibrationDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/mdSolution b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/mdSolution
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/mdSolution
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/mdSolution
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/molConfigDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/molConfigDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/molConfigDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/molConfigDict
diff --git a/tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/potentialDict b/tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/potentialDict
similarity index 100%
rename from tutorials/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/potentialDict
rename to tutorials/discreteMethods/molecularDynamics/mdEquilibrationFoam/periodicCube/system/potentialDict
diff --git a/tutorials/electromagnetics/mhdFoam/hartmann/system/sampleDict b/tutorials/electromagnetics/mhdFoam/hartmann/system/sampleDict
index 9fa14b4919..f107f4f0eb 100644
--- a/tutorials/electromagnetics/mhdFoam/hartmann/system/sampleDict
+++ b/tutorials/electromagnetics/mhdFoam/hartmann/system/sampleDict
@@ -19,9 +19,19 @@ interpolationScheme cellPoint;
 
 setFormat       raw;
 
-sets            ( line_centreProfile { type uniform ; axis distance ; start ( 10.001 -1 0.01 ) ; end ( 10.001 1 0.01 ) ; nPoints 100 ; } );
+sets
+(
+    line_centreProfile
+    {
+        type    uniform;
+        axis    distance;
+        start   ( 10.001 -1 0.01 );
+        end     ( 10.001 1 0.01 );
+        nPoints 100;
+    }
+);
 
-surfaces        ( );
+surfaces        ();
 
 fields          ( Ux );
 
diff --git a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/epsilon b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/epsilon
index 2c4cfab1c0..5b446a2d8a 100644
--- a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/epsilon
+++ b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/epsilon
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ boundaryField
     inlet
     {
         type            turbulentMixingLengthDissipationRateInlet;
-        mixingLength    0.01;
+        mixingLength    0.01;       // 1cm - half channel height
         value           uniform 1;
     }
 
diff --git a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/k b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/k
index 51c0ab7cd3..ad217bc9e4 100644
--- a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/k
+++ b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/k
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ boundaryField
     inlet
     {
         type            turbulentIntensityKineticEnergyInlet;
-        intensity       0.05;
+        intensity       0.05;       // 5% turbulent intensity
         value           uniform 1;
     }
 
diff --git a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/p b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/p
index b3d4646058..2446eb2f7c 100644
--- a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/p
+++ b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/0/p
@@ -22,8 +22,14 @@ boundaryField
 {
     inlet      
     {
-        type            totalPressure;
-        p0              uniform 100040;
+        //type            totalPressure;
+        //p0              uniform 100040;
+
+        type            timeVaryingTotalPressure;
+        p0              100040; // only used for restarts
+        outOfBounds     clamp;
+        fileName        "$FOAM_CASE/constant/p0vsTime";
+
         U               U;
         phi             phi;
         rho             none;
diff --git a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/constant/p0vsTime b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/constant/p0vsTime
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a9ee6bb3e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/constant/p0vsTime
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(
+    (0 100010)
+    (1 100040)
+)
diff --git a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/constant/turbulenceProperties b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/constant/turbulenceProperties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a18cc53b5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/constant/turbulenceProperties
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
+| =========                 |                                                 |
+| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
+|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  1.5                                   |
+|   \\  /    A nd           | Web:      www.OpenFOAM.org                      |
+|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+FoamFile
+{
+    version     2.0;
+    format      ascii;
+    class       dictionary;
+    location    "constant";
+    object      turbulenceProperties;
+}
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+simulationType RASModel;
+
+// ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/system/controlDict b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/system/controlDict
index a5ba827eec..2d7aaa81da 100644
--- a/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/system/controlDict
+++ b/tutorials/incompressible/pimpleFoam/t-junction/system/controlDict
@@ -52,16 +52,24 @@ functions
     probes
     {
         type        probes;
-        name        probes;
+        // Where to load it from
         functionObjectLibs ( "libsampling.so" );
+        // Name of the directory for probe data
+        name        probes;
         probeLocations
         (
-            ( 1e-06 0 0.01 )
-            ( 0.21 -0.20999 0.01 )
-            ( 0.21 0.20999 0.01 )
-            ( 0.21 0 0.01 )
+            ( 1e-06 0 0.01 )        // at inlet
+            ( 0.21 -0.20999 0.01 )  // at outlet1
+            ( 0.21 0.20999 0.01 )   // at outlet2
+            ( 0.21 0 0.01 )         // at central block
         );
+
+        // Fields to be probed
         fields ( p U );
+
+        // Write at same frequency as fields
+        outputControl   outputTime;
+        outputInterval  1;
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/tutorials/multiphase/interFoam/laminar/damBreak/system/setFieldsDict b/tutorials/multiphase/interFoam/laminar/damBreak/system/setFieldsDict
index 21e4416d79..d719028fc5 100644
--- a/tutorials/multiphase/interFoam/laminar/damBreak/system/setFieldsDict
+++ b/tutorials/multiphase/interFoam/laminar/damBreak/system/setFieldsDict
@@ -15,9 +15,23 @@ FoamFile
 }
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-defaultFieldValues ( volScalarFieldValue alpha1 0 volVectorFieldValue U ( 0 0 0 ) );
+defaultFieldValues
+(
+    volScalarFieldValue alpha1 0
+    volVectorFieldValue U (0 0 0)
+);
 
-regions         ( boxToCell { box ( 0 0 -1 ) ( 0.1461 0.292 1 ) ; fieldValues ( volScalarFieldValue alpha1 1 ) ; } );
+regions
+(
+    boxToCell
+    {
+        box (0 0 -1) (0.1461 0.292 1);
+        fieldValues
+        (
+            volScalarFieldValue alpha1 1
+        );
+    }
+);
 
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/tutorials/multiphase/interFoam/ras/damBreak/system/setFieldsDict b/tutorials/multiphase/interFoam/ras/damBreak/system/setFieldsDict
index bafb3a32c0..d719028fc5 100644
--- a/tutorials/multiphase/interFoam/ras/damBreak/system/setFieldsDict
+++ b/tutorials/multiphase/interFoam/ras/damBreak/system/setFieldsDict
@@ -15,9 +15,23 @@ FoamFile
 }
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-defaultFieldValues ( volScalarFieldValue gamma 0 volVectorFieldValue U ( 0 0 0 ) );
+defaultFieldValues
+(
+    volScalarFieldValue alpha1 0
+    volVectorFieldValue U (0 0 0)
+);
 
-regions         ( boxToCell { box ( 0 0 -1 ) ( 0.1461 0.292 1 ) ; fieldValues ( volScalarFieldValue gamma 1 ) ; } );
+regions
+(
+    boxToCell
+    {
+        box (0 0 -1) (0.1461 0.292 1);
+        fieldValues
+        (
+            volScalarFieldValue alpha1 1
+        );
+    }
+);
 
 
 // ************************************************************************* //
diff --git a/tutorials/stressAnalysis/solidDisplacementFoam/plateHole/system/sampleDict b/tutorials/stressAnalysis/solidDisplacementFoam/plateHole/system/sampleDict
index db2a9715f2..b956f363f9 100644
--- a/tutorials/stressAnalysis/solidDisplacementFoam/plateHole/system/sampleDict
+++ b/tutorials/stressAnalysis/solidDisplacementFoam/plateHole/system/sampleDict
@@ -19,9 +19,19 @@ interpolationScheme cellPoint;
 
 setFormat       raw;
 
-sets            ( leftPatch { type uniform ; axis y ; start ( 0 0.5 0.25 ) ; end ( 0 2 0.25 ) ; nPoints 100 ; } );
+sets
+(
+    leftPatch
+    {
+        type    uniform;
+        axis    y;
+        start   ( 0 0.5 0.25 );
+        end     ( 0 2 0.25 );
+        nPoints 100;
+    }
+);
 
-surfaces        ( );
+surfaces        ();
 
 fields          ( sigmaxx );
 
diff --git a/wmake/rules/linux64Gcc/mplibQSMPI b/wmake/rules/linux64Gcc/mplibQSMPI
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..95ea327379
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wmake/rules/linux64Gcc/mplibQSMPI
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+PFLAGS     =
+PINC       = -I$(MPI_ARCH_PATH)/include
+PLIBS      = -L$(MPI_ARCH_PATH)/lib -lmpi
+