diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.C b/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.C
index 5919077072..88c0938f1d 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.C
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.C
@@ -43,9 +43,40 @@ static const Foam::List<Foam::word> subDictNames
 );
 //! @endcond
 
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+void Foam::solution::read(const dictionary& dict)
+{
+    if (dict.found("cache"))
+    {
+        cache_ = dict.subDict("cache");
+        caching_ = cache_.lookupOrDefault("active", true);
+    }
+
+    if (dict.found("relaxationFactors"))
+    {
+        relaxationFactors_ = dict.subDict("relaxationFactors");
+    }
+
+    relaxationFactors_.readIfPresent("default", defaultRelaxationFactor_);
+
+    if (dict.found("solvers"))
+    {
+        solvers_ = dict.subDict("solvers");
+        upgradeSolverDict(solvers_);
+    }
+}
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::solution::solution(const objectRegistry& obr, const fileName& dictName)
+Foam::solution::solution
+(
+    const objectRegistry& obr,
+    const fileName& dictName,
+    const bool syncPar
+)
 :
     IOdictionary
     (
@@ -56,7 +87,8 @@ Foam::solution::solution(const objectRegistry& obr, const fileName& dictName)
             obr,
             IOobject::MUST_READ_IF_MODIFIED,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
-        )
+        ),
+        syncPar
     ),
     cache_(ITstream("cache", tokenList())()),
     caching_(false),
@@ -64,7 +96,7 @@ Foam::solution::solution(const objectRegistry& obr, const fileName& dictName)
     defaultRelaxationFactor_(0),
     solvers_(ITstream("solvers", tokenList())())
 {
-    read();
+    read(solutionDict());
 }
 
 
@@ -250,26 +282,7 @@ bool Foam::solution::read()
 {
     if (regIOobject::read())
     {
-        const dictionary& dict = solutionDict();
-
-        if (dict.found("cache"))
-        {
-            cache_ = dict.subDict("cache");
-            caching_ = cache_.lookupOrDefault("active", true);
-        }
-
-        if (dict.found("relaxationFactors"))
-        {
-            relaxationFactors_ = dict.subDict("relaxationFactors");
-        }
-
-        relaxationFactors_.readIfPresent("default", defaultRelaxationFactor_);
-
-        if (dict.found("solvers"))
-        {
-            solvers_ = dict.subDict("solvers");
-            upgradeSolverDict(solvers_);
-        }
+        read(solutionDict());
 
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.H b/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.H
index 8d6949b7af..fc480f2d32 100644
--- a/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.H
+++ b/src/OpenFOAM/matrices/solution/solution.H
@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@ class solution
 
     // Private Member Functions
 
+        //- Read settings from the dictionary
+        void read(const dictionary&);
+
         //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct and assignment
         solution(const solution&);
         void operator=(const solution&);
@@ -89,7 +92,12 @@ public:
     // Constructors
 
         //- Construct for given objectRegistry and dictionary
-        solution(const objectRegistry& obr, const fileName& dictName);
+        solution
+        (
+            const objectRegistry& obr,
+            const fileName& dictName,
+            const bool syncPar=true
+        );
 
 
     // Member Functions
diff --git a/src/finiteVolume/finiteVolume/fvSchemes/fvSchemes.C b/src/finiteVolume/finiteVolume/fvSchemes/fvSchemes.C
index 33ad9d6e01..36a9da6ef9 100644
--- a/src/finiteVolume/finiteVolume/fvSchemes/fvSchemes.C
+++ b/src/finiteVolume/finiteVolume/fvSchemes/fvSchemes.C
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ License
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-
 int Foam::fvSchemes::debug(Foam::debug::debugSwitch("fvSchemes", false));
 
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 void Foam::fvSchemes::clear()
@@ -53,9 +53,201 @@ void Foam::fvSchemes::clear()
     defaultFluxRequired_ = false;
 }
 
+
+void Foam::fvSchemes::read(const dictionary& dict)
+{
+    if (dict.found("ddtSchemes"))
+    {
+        ddtSchemes_ = dict.subDict("ddtSchemes");
+    }
+    else if (dict.found("timeScheme"))
+    {
+        // For backward compatibility.
+        // The timeScheme will be deprecated with warning or removed
+        WarningIn("fvSchemes::read()")
+            << "Using deprecated 'timeScheme' instead of 'ddtSchemes'"
+            << nl << endl;
+
+        word schemeName(dict.lookup("timeScheme"));
+
+        if (schemeName == "EulerImplicit")
+        {
+            schemeName = "Euler";
+        }
+        else if (schemeName == "BackwardDifferencing")
+        {
+            schemeName = "backward";
+        }
+        else if (schemeName == "SteadyState")
+        {
+            schemeName = "steadyState";
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            FatalIOErrorIn("fvSchemes::read()", dict.lookup("timeScheme"))
+                << "\n    Only EulerImplicit, BackwardDifferencing and "
+                   "SteadyState\n    are supported by the old timeScheme "
+                   "specification.\n    Please use ddtSchemes instead."
+                << exit(FatalIOError);
+        }
+
+        ddtSchemes_.set("default", schemeName);
+
+        ddtSchemes_.lookup("default")[0].lineNumber() =
+            dict.lookup("timeScheme").lineNumber();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        ddtSchemes_.set("default", "none");
+    }
+
+    if
+    (
+        ddtSchemes_.found("default")
+     && word(ddtSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
+    )
+    {
+        defaultDdtScheme_ = ddtSchemes_.lookup("default");
+    }
+
+
+    if (dict.found("d2dt2Schemes"))
+    {
+        d2dt2Schemes_ = dict.subDict("d2dt2Schemes");
+    }
+    else if (dict.found("timeScheme"))
+    {
+        // For backward compatibility.
+        // The timeScheme will be deprecated with warning or removed
+        WarningIn("fvSchemes::read()")
+            << "Using deprecated 'timeScheme' instead of 'd2dt2Schemes'"
+            << nl << endl;
+
+        word schemeName(dict.lookup("timeScheme"));
+
+        if (schemeName == "EulerImplicit")
+        {
+            schemeName = "Euler";
+        }
+        else if (schemeName == "SteadyState")
+        {
+            schemeName = "steadyState";
+        }
+
+        d2dt2Schemes_.set("default", schemeName);
+
+        d2dt2Schemes_.lookup("default")[0].lineNumber() =
+            dict.lookup("timeScheme").lineNumber();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        d2dt2Schemes_.set("default", "none");
+    }
+
+    if
+    (
+        d2dt2Schemes_.found("default")
+     && word(d2dt2Schemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
+    )
+    {
+        defaultD2dt2Scheme_ = d2dt2Schemes_.lookup("default");
+    }
+
+
+    if (dict.found("interpolationSchemes"))
+    {
+        interpolationSchemes_ = dict.subDict("interpolationSchemes");
+    }
+    else if (!interpolationSchemes_.found("default"))
+    {
+        interpolationSchemes_.add("default", "linear");
+    }
+
+    if
+    (
+        interpolationSchemes_.found("default")
+     && word(interpolationSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
+    )
+    {
+        defaultInterpolationScheme_ =
+            interpolationSchemes_.lookup("default");
+    }
+
+
+    divSchemes_ = dict.subDict("divSchemes");
+
+    if
+    (
+        divSchemes_.found("default")
+     && word(divSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
+    )
+    {
+        defaultDivScheme_ = divSchemes_.lookup("default");
+    }
+
+
+    gradSchemes_ = dict.subDict("gradSchemes");
+
+    if
+    (
+        gradSchemes_.found("default")
+     && word(gradSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
+    )
+    {
+        defaultGradScheme_ = gradSchemes_.lookup("default");
+    }
+
+
+    if (dict.found("snGradSchemes"))
+    {
+        snGradSchemes_ = dict.subDict("snGradSchemes");
+    }
+    else if (!snGradSchemes_.found("default"))
+    {
+        snGradSchemes_.add("default", "corrected");
+    }
+
+    if
+    (
+        snGradSchemes_.found("default")
+     && word(snGradSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
+    )
+    {
+        defaultSnGradScheme_ = snGradSchemes_.lookup("default");
+    }
+
+
+    laplacianSchemes_ = dict.subDict("laplacianSchemes");
+
+    if
+    (
+        laplacianSchemes_.found("default")
+     && word(laplacianSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
+    )
+    {
+        defaultLaplacianScheme_ = laplacianSchemes_.lookup("default");
+    }
+
+
+    if (dict.found("fluxRequired"))
+    {
+        fluxRequired_ = dict.subDict("fluxRequired");
+
+        if
+        (
+            fluxRequired_.found("default")
+         && word(fluxRequired_.lookup("default")) != "none"
+        )
+        {
+            defaultFluxRequired_ = Switch(fluxRequired_.lookup("default"));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::fvSchemes::fvSchemes(const objectRegistry& obr)
+Foam::fvSchemes::fvSchemes(const objectRegistry& obr, const bool syncPar)
 :
     IOdictionary
     (
@@ -66,7 +258,8 @@ Foam::fvSchemes::fvSchemes(const objectRegistry& obr)
             obr,
             IOobject::MUST_READ_IF_MODIFIED,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE
-        )
+        ),
+        syncPar
     ),
     ddtSchemes_
     (
@@ -169,7 +362,10 @@ Foam::fvSchemes::fvSchemes(const objectRegistry& obr)
     ),
     defaultFluxRequired_(false)
 {
-    read();
+    // persistent settings across reads is incorrect
+    clear();
+
+    read(schemesDict());
 }
 
 
@@ -179,197 +375,10 @@ bool Foam::fvSchemes::read()
 {
     if (regIOobject::read())
     {
-        const dictionary& dict = schemesDict();
-
         // persistent settings across reads is incorrect
         clear();
 
-        if (dict.found("ddtSchemes"))
-        {
-            ddtSchemes_ = dict.subDict("ddtSchemes");
-        }
-        else if (dict.found("timeScheme"))
-        {
-            // For backward compatibility.
-            // The timeScheme will be deprecated with warning or removed
-            WarningIn("fvSchemes::read()")
-                << "Using deprecated 'timeScheme' instead of 'ddtSchemes'"
-                << nl << endl;
-
-            word schemeName(dict.lookup("timeScheme"));
-
-            if (schemeName == "EulerImplicit")
-            {
-                schemeName = "Euler";
-            }
-            else if (schemeName == "BackwardDifferencing")
-            {
-                schemeName = "backward";
-            }
-            else if (schemeName == "SteadyState")
-            {
-                schemeName = "steadyState";
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                FatalIOErrorIn("fvSchemes::read()", dict.lookup("timeScheme"))
-                    << "\n    Only EulerImplicit, BackwardDifferencing and "
-                       "SteadyState\n    are supported by the old timeScheme "
-                       "specification.\n    Please use ddtSchemes instead."
-                    << exit(FatalIOError);
-            }
-
-            ddtSchemes_.set("default", schemeName);
-
-            ddtSchemes_.lookup("default")[0].lineNumber() =
-                dict.lookup("timeScheme").lineNumber();
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            ddtSchemes_.set("default", "none");
-        }
-
-        if
-        (
-            ddtSchemes_.found("default")
-         && word(ddtSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
-        )
-        {
-            defaultDdtScheme_ = ddtSchemes_.lookup("default");
-        }
-
-
-        if (dict.found("d2dt2Schemes"))
-        {
-            d2dt2Schemes_ = dict.subDict("d2dt2Schemes");
-        }
-        else if (dict.found("timeScheme"))
-        {
-            // For backward compatibility.
-            // The timeScheme will be deprecated with warning or removed
-            WarningIn("fvSchemes::read()")
-                << "Using deprecated 'timeScheme' instead of 'd2dt2Schemes'"
-                << nl << endl;
-
-            word schemeName(dict.lookup("timeScheme"));
-
-            if (schemeName == "EulerImplicit")
-            {
-                schemeName = "Euler";
-            }
-            else if (schemeName == "SteadyState")
-            {
-                schemeName = "steadyState";
-            }
-
-            d2dt2Schemes_.set("default", schemeName);
-
-            d2dt2Schemes_.lookup("default")[0].lineNumber() =
-                dict.lookup("timeScheme").lineNumber();
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            d2dt2Schemes_.set("default", "none");
-        }
-
-        if
-        (
-            d2dt2Schemes_.found("default")
-         && word(d2dt2Schemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
-        )
-        {
-            defaultD2dt2Scheme_ = d2dt2Schemes_.lookup("default");
-        }
-
-
-        if (dict.found("interpolationSchemes"))
-        {
-            interpolationSchemes_ = dict.subDict("interpolationSchemes");
-        }
-        else if (!interpolationSchemes_.found("default"))
-        {
-            interpolationSchemes_.add("default", "linear");
-        }
-
-        if
-        (
-            interpolationSchemes_.found("default")
-         && word(interpolationSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
-        )
-        {
-            defaultInterpolationScheme_ =
-                interpolationSchemes_.lookup("default");
-        }
-
-
-        divSchemes_ = dict.subDict("divSchemes");
-
-        if
-        (
-            divSchemes_.found("default")
-         && word(divSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
-        )
-        {
-            defaultDivScheme_ = divSchemes_.lookup("default");
-        }
-
-
-        gradSchemes_ = dict.subDict("gradSchemes");
-
-        if
-        (
-            gradSchemes_.found("default")
-         && word(gradSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
-        )
-        {
-            defaultGradScheme_ = gradSchemes_.lookup("default");
-        }
-
-
-        if (dict.found("snGradSchemes"))
-        {
-            snGradSchemes_ = dict.subDict("snGradSchemes");
-        }
-        else if (!snGradSchemes_.found("default"))
-        {
-            snGradSchemes_.add("default", "corrected");
-        }
-
-        if
-        (
-            snGradSchemes_.found("default")
-         && word(snGradSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
-        )
-        {
-            defaultSnGradScheme_ = snGradSchemes_.lookup("default");
-        }
-
-
-        laplacianSchemes_ = dict.subDict("laplacianSchemes");
-
-        if
-        (
-            laplacianSchemes_.found("default")
-         && word(laplacianSchemes_.lookup("default")) != "none"
-        )
-        {
-            defaultLaplacianScheme_ = laplacianSchemes_.lookup("default");
-        }
-
-
-        if (dict.found("fluxRequired"))
-        {
-            fluxRequired_ = dict.subDict("fluxRequired");
-
-            if
-            (
-                fluxRequired_.found("default")
-             && word(fluxRequired_.lookup("default")) != "none"
-            )
-            {
-                defaultFluxRequired_ = Switch(fluxRequired_.lookup("default"));
-            }
-        }
+        read(schemesDict());
 
         return true;
     }
diff --git a/src/finiteVolume/finiteVolume/fvSchemes/fvSchemes.H b/src/finiteVolume/finiteVolume/fvSchemes/fvSchemes.H
index 79a04b39f6..3c0f95846e 100644
--- a/src/finiteVolume/finiteVolume/fvSchemes/fvSchemes.H
+++ b/src/finiteVolume/finiteVolume/fvSchemes/fvSchemes.H
@@ -84,6 +84,9 @@ class fvSchemes
         //- Clear the dictionaries and streams before reading
         void clear();
 
+        //- Read settings from the dictionary
+        void read(const dictionary&);
+
         //- Disallow default bitwise copy construct
         fvSchemes(const fvSchemes&);
 
@@ -100,7 +103,7 @@ public:
     // Constructors
 
         //- Construct for objectRegistry
-        fvSchemes(const objectRegistry& obr);
+        fvSchemes(const objectRegistry& obr, const bool syncPar = true);
 
 
     // Member Functions