ENH: New atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) model suite (Part 1)

Please refer to the header file documentation for complete set of details.

  ENH: add new fvOptions for ABL modelling

    - atmAmbientTurbSource
    - atmBuoyancyTurbSource
    - atmCoriolisUSource
    - atmLengthScaleTurbSource
    - atmPlantCanopyTurbSource
    - atmPlantCanopyUSource
    - atmPlantCanopyTSource
    - atmNutSource

  ENH: add new boundary conditions for ABL modelling
       with PatchFunction1 and TimeFunction1 support

    - atmAlphatkWallFunction
    - atmEpsilonWallFunction
    - atmNutkWallFunction
    - atmNutUWallFunction
    - atmNutWallFunction
    - atmOmegaWallFunction
    - atmTurbulentHeatFluxTemperature

  STYLE: change names of nutkAtmRoughWallFunction -> atmNutkWallFunction by
         ensuring the bitwise backward compatibility

  ENH: add new variable-scaling force computation method to actuationDiskSource

  ENH: review actuationDiskSource and radialActuationDiskSource

  ENH: add new function object, ObukhovLength

  ENH: add new ABL tutorials/verifications

    - verificationAndValidation/atmosphericModels/atmFlatTerrain
      - verification with the Leipzig field experiment
      - illustration of precursor/successor field mapping
    - verificationAndValidation/atmosphericModels/atmForestStability
      - verification with the Sweden field experiment
    - update incompressible/simpleFoam/turbineSiting

tutorials/incompressible/simpleFoam/turbineSiting/0.orig/include/initialConditions

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 |    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-flowVelocity         (0 0 0);
+flowVelocity         (10 0 0);
 pressure             0;
 turbulentKE          1.3;
 turbulentEpsilon     0.01;

tutorials/incompressible/simpleFoam/turbineSiting/0.orig/nut

@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ boundaryField
 
     terrain
     {
-        type            nutkAtmRoughWallFunction;
+        type            atmNutkWallFunction;
+        boundNut        false;
         z0              $z0;
         value           uniform 0.0;
     }

tutorials/incompressible/simpleFoam/turbineSiting/constant/fvOptions

@@ -18,31 +18,50 @@ FoamFile
 disk1
 {
     type            actuationDiskSource;
-
-    fields          (U);
-
+    variant         Froude;     // variableScaling;
     selectionMode   cellSet;
     cellSet         actuationDisk1;
-    diskDir         (1 0 0);    // Orientation of the disk
+    diskArea        40;
+    diskDir         (1 0 0);
+    writeToFile     true;
+    sink            true;
     Cp              0.386;
     Ct              0.58;
-    diskArea        40;
-    upstreamPoint   (581849 4785810 1065);
+
+    monitorMethod points;
+
+    monitorCoeffs
+    {
+        points
+        (
+            (581849 4785810 1065)
+        );
+    }
 }
 
+
 disk2
 {
     type            actuationDiskSource;
-
-    fields          (U);
-
+    variant         Froude;     // variableScaling;
     selectionMode   cellSet;
     cellSet         actuationDisk2;
-    diskDir         (1 0 0);    // Orientation of the disk
+    writeToFile     true;
+    sink            true;
     Cp              0.53;
     Ct              0.58;
     diskArea        40;
-    upstreamPoint   (581753 4785663 1070);
+    diskDir         (1 0 0);
+
+    monitorMethod points;
+
+    monitorCoeffs
+    {
+        points
+        (
+            (581753 4785663 1070)
+        );
+    }
 }