diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/KinematicCloud/KinematicCloud.C b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/KinematicCloud/KinematicCloud.C
index bec5531f4d..fc589f5388 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/KinematicCloud/KinematicCloud.C
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/KinematicCloud/KinematicCloud.C
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ Foam::KinematicCloud<ParcelType>::cloudSolution::cloudSolution
     coupled_(false),
     cellValueSourceCorrection_(false),
     maxTrackTime_(0.0),
-    resetSourcesOnStartup_(false)
+    resetSourcesOnStartup_(true)
 {
     if (active_)
     {
@@ -188,6 +188,84 @@ bool Foam::KinematicCloud<ParcelType>::cloudSolution::output() const
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+template<class ParcelType>
+void Foam::KinematicCloud<ParcelType>::setModels()
+{
+    collisionModel_.reset
+    (
+        CollisionModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            subModelProperties_,
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    dispersionModel_.reset
+    (
+        DispersionModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            subModelProperties_,
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    dragModel_.reset
+    (
+        DragModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            subModelProperties_,
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    injectionModel_.reset
+    (
+        InjectionModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            subModelProperties_,
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    patchInteractionModel_.reset
+    (
+        PatchInteractionModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            subModelProperties_,
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    postProcessingModel_.reset
+    (
+        PostProcessingModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            subModelProperties_,
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    surfaceFilmModel_.reset
+    (
+        SurfaceFilmModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            subModelProperties_,
+            *this,
+            g_
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    UIntegrator_.reset
+    (
+        vectorIntegrationScheme::New
+        (
+            "U",
+            solution_.integrationSchemes()
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+}
+
+
 template<class ParcelType>
 void Foam::KinematicCloud<ParcelType>::solve
 (
@@ -450,8 +528,8 @@ Foam::KinematicCloud<ParcelType>::KinematicCloud
         )
     ),
     solution_(mesh_, particleProperties_.subDict("solution")),
-    constProps_(particleProperties_),
-    subModelProperties_(particleProperties_.subDict("subModels")),
+    constProps_(particleProperties_, solution_.active()),
+    subModelProperties_(particleProperties_.subOrEmptyDict("subModels")),
     rndGen_
     (
         label(0),
@@ -462,72 +540,15 @@ Foam::KinematicCloud<ParcelType>::KinematicCloud
     U_(U),
     mu_(mu),
     g_(g),
-    forces_(mesh_, particleProperties_, g_.value()),
-    collisionModel_
-    (
-        CollisionModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            subModelProperties_,
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
-    dispersionModel_
-    (
-        DispersionModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            subModelProperties_,
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
-    dragModel_
-    (
-        DragModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            subModelProperties_,
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
-    injectionModel_
-    (
-        InjectionModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            subModelProperties_,
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
-    patchInteractionModel_
-    (
-        PatchInteractionModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            subModelProperties_,
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
-    postProcessingModel_
-    (
-        PostProcessingModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            subModelProperties_,
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
-    surfaceFilmModel_
-    (
-        SurfaceFilmModel<KinematicCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            subModelProperties_,
-            *this,
-            g
-        )
-    ),
-    UIntegrator_
-    (
-        vectorIntegrationScheme::New
-        (
-            "U",
-            solution_.integrationSchemes()
-        )
-    ),
+    forces_(mesh_, particleProperties_, g_.value(), solution_.active()),
+    collisionModel_(NULL),
+    dispersionModel_(NULL),
+    dragModel_(NULL),
+    injectionModel_(NULL),
+    patchInteractionModel_(NULL),
+    postProcessingModel_(NULL),
+    surfaceFilmModel_(NULL),
+    UIntegrator_(NULL),
     UTrans_
     (
         new DimensionedField<vector, volMesh>
@@ -561,6 +582,11 @@ Foam::KinematicCloud<ParcelType>::KinematicCloud
         )
     )
 {
+    if (solution_.active())
+    {
+        setModels();
+    }
+
     if (readFields)
     {
         ParcelType::readFields(*this);
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/KinematicCloud/KinematicCloud.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/KinematicCloud/KinematicCloud.H
index 69042c2705..dace4a6522 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/KinematicCloud/KinematicCloud.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/KinematicCloud/KinematicCloud.H
@@ -364,6 +364,12 @@ protected:
             autoPtr<DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh> > UCoeff_;
 
 
+        // Initialisation
+
+            //- Set cloud sub-models
+            void setModels();
+
+
         // Cloud evolution functions
 
             //- Solve the cloud - calls all evolution functions
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingCloud/ReactingCloud.C b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingCloud/ReactingCloud.C
index 6d32ddcd24..a8bb92cb5a 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingCloud/ReactingCloud.C
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingCloud/ReactingCloud.C
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -30,6 +30,29 @@ License
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+template<class ParcelType>
+void Foam::ReactingCloud<ParcelType>::setModels()
+{
+    compositionModel_.reset
+    (
+        CompositionModel<ReactingCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            this->subModelProperties(),
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    phaseChangeModel_.reset
+    (
+        PhaseChangeModel<ReactingCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            this->subModelProperties(),
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+}
+
+
 template<class ParcelType>
 void Foam::ReactingCloud<ParcelType>::checkSuppliedComposition
 (
@@ -85,26 +108,17 @@ Foam::ReactingCloud<ParcelType>::ReactingCloud
     ThermoCloud<ParcelType>(cloudName, rho, U, g, thermo, false),
     reactingCloud(),
     cloudCopyPtr_(NULL),
-    constProps_(this->particleProperties()),
-    compositionModel_
-    (
-        CompositionModel<ReactingCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            this->subModelProperties(),
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
-    phaseChangeModel_
-    (
-        PhaseChangeModel<ReactingCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            this->subModelProperties(),
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
+    constProps_(this->particleProperties(), this->solution().active()),
+    compositionModel_(NULL),
+    phaseChangeModel_(NULL),
     rhoTrans_(thermo.carrier().species().size()),
     dMassPhaseChange_(0.0)
 {
+    if (this->solution().active())
+    {
+        setModels();
+    }
+
     // Set storage for mass source fields and initialise to zero
     forAll(rhoTrans_, i)
     {
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingCloud/ReactingCloud.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingCloud/ReactingCloud.H
index 92529eddf1..1ffbff55de 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingCloud/ReactingCloud.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingCloud/ReactingCloud.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -128,6 +128,12 @@ protected:
             );
 
 
+        // Initialisation
+
+            //- Set cloud sub-models
+            void setModels();
+
+
         // Cloud evolution functions
 
             //- Reset state of cloud
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseCloud/ReactingMultiphaseCloud.C b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseCloud/ReactingMultiphaseCloud.C
index fc33d58434..06dc0c339b 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseCloud/ReactingMultiphaseCloud.C
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseCloud/ReactingMultiphaseCloud.C
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -30,6 +30,29 @@ License
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+template<class ParcelType>
+void Foam::ReactingMultiphaseCloud<ParcelType>::setModels()
+{
+    devolatilisationModel_.reset
+    (
+        DevolatilisationModel<ReactingMultiphaseCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            this->subModelProperties(),
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    surfaceReactionModel_.reset
+    (
+        SurfaceReactionModel<ReactingMultiphaseCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            this->subModelProperties(),
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+}
+
+
 template<class ParcelType>
 void Foam::ReactingMultiphaseCloud<ParcelType>::cloudReset
 (
@@ -62,26 +85,17 @@ Foam::ReactingMultiphaseCloud<ParcelType>::ReactingMultiphaseCloud
     ReactingCloud<ParcelType>(cloudName, rho, U, g, thermo, false),
     reactingMultiphaseCloud(),
     cloudCopyPtr_(NULL),
-    constProps_(this->particleProperties()),
-    devolatilisationModel_
-    (
-        DevolatilisationModel<ReactingMultiphaseCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            this->subModelProperties(),
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
-    surfaceReactionModel_
-    (
-        SurfaceReactionModel<ReactingMultiphaseCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            this->subModelProperties(),
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
+    constProps_(this->particleProperties(), this->solution().active()),
+    devolatilisationModel_(NULL),
+    surfaceReactionModel_(NULL),
     dMassDevolatilisation_(0.0),
     dMassSurfaceReaction_(0.0)
 {
+    if (this->solution().active())
+    {
+        setModels();
+    }
+
     if (readFields)
     {
         ParcelType::readFields(*this);
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseCloud/ReactingMultiphaseCloud.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseCloud/ReactingMultiphaseCloud.H
index 8226112fd7..2c71a6b475 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseCloud/ReactingMultiphaseCloud.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseCloud/ReactingMultiphaseCloud.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -119,6 +119,12 @@ protected:
 
     // Protected Member Functions
 
+        // Initialisation
+
+            //- Set cloud sub-models
+            void setModels();
+
+
         // Cloud evolution functions
 
             //- Reset state of cloud
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ThermoCloud/ThermoCloud.C b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ThermoCloud/ThermoCloud.C
index d11d1fb1f4..ae26e7999d 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ThermoCloud/ThermoCloud.C
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ThermoCloud/ThermoCloud.C
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -30,6 +30,31 @@ License
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+template<class ParcelType>
+void Foam::ThermoCloud<ParcelType>::setModels()
+{
+    heatTransferModel_.reset
+    (
+        HeatTransferModel<ThermoCloud<ParcelType> >::New
+        (
+            this->subModelProperties(),
+            *this
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    TIntegrator_.reset
+    (
+        scalarIntegrationScheme::New
+        (
+            "T",
+            this->solution().integrationSchemes()
+        ).ptr()
+    );
+
+    this->subModelProperties().lookup("radiation") >> radiation_;
+}
+
+
 template<class ParcelType>
 void Foam::ThermoCloud<ParcelType>::cloudReset(ThermoCloud<ParcelType>& c)
 {
@@ -66,27 +91,13 @@ Foam::ThermoCloud<ParcelType>::ThermoCloud
     ),
     thermoCloud(),
     cloudCopyPtr_(NULL),
-    constProps_(this->particleProperties()),
+    constProps_(this->particleProperties(), this->solution().active()),
     thermo_(thermo),
     T_(thermo.thermo().T()),
     p_(thermo.thermo().p()),
-    heatTransferModel_
-    (
-        HeatTransferModel<ThermoCloud<ParcelType> >::New
-        (
-            this->subModelProperties(),
-            *this
-        )
-    ),
-    TIntegrator_
-    (
-        scalarIntegrationScheme::New
-        (
-            "T",
-            this->solution().integrationSchemes()
-        )
-    ),
-    radiation_(this->subModelProperties().lookup("radiation")),
+    heatTransferModel_(NULL),
+    TIntegrator_(NULL),
+    radiation_(false),
     hsTrans_
     (
         new DimensionedField<scalar, volMesh>
@@ -121,6 +132,11 @@ Foam::ThermoCloud<ParcelType>::ThermoCloud
     )
 
 {
+    if (this->solution().active())
+    {
+        setModels();
+    }
+
     if (readFields)
     {
         ParcelType::readFields(*this);
@@ -143,7 +159,7 @@ Foam::ThermoCloud<ParcelType>::ThermoCloud
     KinematicCloud<ParcelType>(c, name),
     thermoCloud(),
     cloudCopyPtr_(NULL),
-    constProps_(c.particleProperties_),
+    constProps_(c.constProps_),
     thermo_(c.thermo_),
     T_(c.T()),
     p_(c.p()),
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ThermoCloud/ThermoCloud.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ThermoCloud/ThermoCloud.H
index d3a72fcb41..b2dc16dd67 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ThermoCloud/ThermoCloud.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/clouds/Templates/ThermoCloud/ThermoCloud.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -128,6 +128,12 @@ protected:
 
     // Protected Member Functions
 
+         // Initialisation
+
+            //- Set cloud sub-models
+            void setModels();
+
+
         // Cloud evolution functions
 
             //- Reset state of cloud
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/KinematicParcel/KinematicParcel.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/KinematicParcel/KinematicParcel.H
index 1517ec6805..003e07ee46 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/KinematicParcel/KinematicParcel.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/KinematicParcel/KinematicParcel.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -98,22 +98,22 @@ public:
 
             //- Parcel type id - used for post-processing to flag the type
             //  of parcels issued by this cloud
-            const label parcelTypeId_;
+            label parcelTypeId_;
 
             //- Minimum density [kg/m3]
-            const scalar rhoMin_;
+            scalar rhoMin_;
 
             //- Particle density [kg/m3] (constant)
-            const scalar rho0_;
+            scalar rho0_;
 
             //- Minimum particle mass [kg]
-            const scalar minParticleMass_;
+            scalar minParticleMass_;
 
             //- Young's modulus [N/m2]
-            const scalar youngsModulus_;
+            scalar youngsModulus_;
 
             //- Poisson's ratio
-            const scalar poissonsRatio_;
+            scalar poissonsRatio_;
 
 
     public:
@@ -127,7 +127,11 @@ public:
             constantProperties(const constantProperties& cp);
 
             //- Constructor from dictionary
-            constantProperties(const dictionary& parentDict);
+            constantProperties
+            (
+                const dictionary& parentDict,
+                const bool readFields = true
+            );
 
 
         // Member functions
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/KinematicParcel/KinematicParcelI.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/KinematicParcel/KinematicParcelI.H
index 80ae588646..bdf143cbe5 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/KinematicParcel/KinematicParcelI.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/KinematicParcel/KinematicParcelI.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -62,17 +62,28 @@ inline Foam::KinematicParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties::constantProperties
 template<class ParcelType>
 inline Foam::KinematicParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties::constantProperties
 (
-    const dictionary& parentDict
+    const dictionary& parentDict,
+    const bool readFields
 )
 :
-    dict_(parentDict.subDict("constantProperties")),
-    parcelTypeId_(readLabel(dict_.lookup("parcelTypeId"))),
-    rhoMin_(readScalar(dict_.lookup("rhoMin"))),
-    rho0_(readScalar(dict_.lookup("rho0"))),
-    minParticleMass_(readScalar(dict_.lookup("minParticleMass"))),
-    youngsModulus_(readScalar(dict_.lookup("youngsModulus"))),
-    poissonsRatio_(readScalar(dict_.lookup("poissonsRatio")))
-{}
+    dict_(parentDict.subOrEmptyDict("constantProperties")),
+    parcelTypeId_(-1),
+    rhoMin_(0.0),
+    rho0_(0.0),
+    minParticleMass_(0.0),
+    youngsModulus_(0.0),
+    poissonsRatio_(0.0)
+{
+    if (readFields)
+    {
+        dict_.lookup("parcelTypeId") >> parcelTypeId_;
+        dict_.lookup("rhoMin") >> rhoMin_;
+        dict_.lookup("rho0") >> rho0_;
+        dict_.lookup("minParticleMass") >> minParticleMass_;
+        dict_.lookup("youngsModulus") >> youngsModulus_;
+        dict_.lookup("poissonsRatio") >> poissonsRatio_;
+    }
+}
 
 
 template<class ParcelType>
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseParcel/ReactingMultiphaseParcel.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseParcel/ReactingMultiphaseParcel.H
index 04e57d0a7a..04b6525f66 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseParcel/ReactingMultiphaseParcel.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseParcel/ReactingMultiphaseParcel.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public:
         // Private data
 
             //- Latent heat of devolatilisation [J/kg]
-            const scalar LDevol_;
+            scalar LDevol_;
 
             //- Fraction of enthalpy retained by parcel due to surface
             //  reactions
@@ -100,7 +100,11 @@ public:
             constantProperties(const constantProperties& cp);
 
             //- Constructor from dictionary
-            constantProperties(const dictionary& parentDict);
+            constantProperties
+            (
+                const dictionary& parentDict,
+                const bool readFields = true
+            );
 
 
         // Access
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseParcel/ReactingMultiphaseParcelI.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseParcel/ReactingMultiphaseParcelI.H
index 0eb2f4aa7f..cc574ef5a3 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseParcel/ReactingMultiphaseParcelI.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingMultiphaseParcel/ReactingMultiphaseParcelI.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -54,24 +54,31 @@ template<class ParcelType>
 inline Foam::ReactingMultiphaseParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties::
 constantProperties
 (
-    const dictionary& parentDict
+    const dictionary& parentDict,
+    const bool readFields
 )
 :
-    ReactingParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties(parentDict),
-    LDevol_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("LDevol"))),
-    hRetentionCoeff_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("hRetentionCoeff")))
+    ReactingParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties(parentDict, readFields),
+    LDevol_(0.0),
+    hRetentionCoeff_(0.0)
 {
-    if ((hRetentionCoeff_ < 0) || (hRetentionCoeff_ > 1))
+    if (readFields)
     {
-        FatalErrorIn
-        (
-            "ReactingMultiphaseParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties::"
-            "constantProperties"
-        )   << "hRetentionCoeff must be in the range 0 to 1" << nl
-            << exit(FatalError) << endl;
-    }
+        this->dict().lookup("LDevol") >> LDevol_;
+        this->dict().lookup("hRetentionCoeff") >> hRetentionCoeff_;
 
-    hRetentionCoeff_ = max(1e-06, hRetentionCoeff_);
+        if ((hRetentionCoeff_ < 0) || (hRetentionCoeff_ > 1))
+        {
+            FatalErrorIn
+            (
+                "ReactingMultiphaseParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties::"
+                "constantProperties"
+            )   << "hRetentionCoeff must be in the range 0 to 1" << nl
+                << exit(FatalError) << endl;
+        }
+
+        hRetentionCoeff_ = max(1e-06, hRetentionCoeff_);
+    }
 }
 
 
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingParcel/ReactingParcel.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingParcel/ReactingParcel.H
index 70d0601ff0..3b1769bb40 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingParcel/ReactingParcel.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingParcel/ReactingParcel.H
@@ -77,16 +77,16 @@ public:
         // Private data
 
             //- Minimum pressure [Pa]
-            const scalar pMin_;
+            scalar pMin_;
 
             //- Constant volume flag - e.g. during mass transfer
             Switch constantVolume_;
 
             //- Vaporisation temperature [K]
-            const scalar Tvap_;
+            scalar Tvap_;
 
             //- Boiling point [K]
-            const scalar Tbp_;
+            scalar Tbp_;
 
 
     public:
@@ -100,7 +100,11 @@ public:
             constantProperties(const constantProperties& cp);
 
             //- Constructor from dictionary
-            constantProperties(const dictionary& parentDict);
+            constantProperties
+            (
+                const dictionary& parentDict,
+                const bool readFields = true
+            );
 
 
         // Access
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingParcel/ReactingParcelI.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingParcel/ReactingParcelI.H
index c6c94ac118..e941681892 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingParcel/ReactingParcelI.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ReactingParcel/ReactingParcelI.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -54,15 +54,24 @@ inline Foam::ReactingParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties::constantProperties
 template<class ParcelType>
 inline Foam::ReactingParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties::constantProperties
 (
-    const dictionary& parentDict
+    const dictionary& parentDict,
+    const bool readFields
 )
 :
-    ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties(parentDict),
-    pMin_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("pMin"))),
-    constantVolume_(this->dict().lookup("constantVolume")),
-    Tvap_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("Tvap"))),
-    Tbp_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("Tbp")))
-{}
+    ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties(parentDict, readFields),
+    pMin_(0.0),
+    constantVolume_(false),
+    Tvap_(0.0),
+    Tbp_(0.0)
+{
+    if (readFields)
+    {
+        this->dict().lookup("pMin") >> pMin_;
+        this->dict().lookup("constantVolume") >> constantVolume_;
+        this->dict().lookup("Tvap") >> Tvap_;
+        this->dict().lookup("Tbp") >> Tbp_;
+    }
+}
 
 
 template<class ParcelType>
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ThermoParcel/ThermoParcel.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ThermoParcel/ThermoParcel.H
index 7163f06c4b..e455c1773e 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ThermoParcel/ThermoParcel.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ThermoParcel/ThermoParcel.H
@@ -77,22 +77,22 @@ public:
         // Private data
 
             //- Particle initial temperature [K]
-            const scalar T0_;
+            scalar T0_;
 
             //- Minimum temperature [K]
-            const scalar TMin_;
+            scalar TMin_;
 
             //- Particle specific heat capacity [J/(kg.K)]
-            const scalar Cp0_;
+            scalar Cp0_;
 
             //- Particle emissivity [] (radiation)
-            const scalar epsilon0_;
+            scalar epsilon0_;
 
             //- Particle scattering factor [] (radiation)
-            const scalar f0_;
+            scalar f0_;
 
             //- Default carrier Prandtl number []
-            const scalar Pr_;
+            scalar Pr_;
 
 
     public:
@@ -106,7 +106,11 @@ public:
             constantProperties(const constantProperties& cp);
 
             //- Constructor from dictionary
-            constantProperties(const dictionary& parentDict);
+            constantProperties
+            (
+                const dictionary& parentDict,
+                const bool readFields = true
+            );
 
 
         // Member functions
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ThermoParcel/ThermoParcelI.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ThermoParcel/ThermoParcelI.H
index f39165c5cd..ada4b93a10 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ThermoParcel/ThermoParcelI.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/parcels/Templates/ThermoParcel/ThermoParcelI.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2004-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -57,17 +57,28 @@ inline Foam::ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties::constantProperties
 template<class ParcelType>
 inline Foam::ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties::constantProperties
 (
-    const dictionary& parentDict
+    const dictionary& parentDict,
+    const bool readFields
 )
 :
-    KinematicParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties(parentDict),
-    T0_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("T0"))),
-    TMin_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("TMin"))),
-    Cp0_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("Cp0"))),
-    epsilon0_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("epsilon0"))),
-    f0_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("f0"))),
-    Pr_(readScalar(this->dict().lookup("Pr")))
-{}
+    KinematicParcel<ParcelType>::constantProperties(parentDict, readFields),
+    T0_(0.0),
+    TMin_(0.0),
+    Cp0_(0.0),
+    epsilon0_(0.0),
+    f0_(0.0),
+    Pr_(0.0)
+{
+    if (readFields)
+    {
+        this->dict().lookup("T0") >> T0_;
+        this->dict().lookup("TMin") >> TMin_;
+        this->dict().lookup("Cp0") >> Cp0_;
+        this->dict().lookup("epsilon0") >> epsilon0_;
+        this->dict().lookup("f0") >> f0_;
+        this->dict().lookup("Pr") >> Pr_;
+    }
+}
 
 
 template<class ParcelType>
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/particleForces/particleForces.C b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/particleForces/particleForces.C
index be189ba3e1..124b21c2e1 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/particleForces/particleForces.C
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/particleForces/particleForces.C
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -74,32 +74,41 @@ Foam::particleForces::particleForces
 (
     const fvMesh& mesh,
     const dictionary& dict,
-    const vector& g
+    const vector& g,
+    const bool readFields
 )
 :
     mesh_(mesh),
-    dict_(dict.subDict("particleForces")),
+    dict_(dict.subOrEmptyDict("particleForces")),
     g_(g),
     gradUPtr_(NULL),
     HdotGradHInterPtr_(NULL),
-    gravity_(dict_.lookup("gravity")),
-    virtualMass_(dict_.lookup("virtualMass")),
+    gravity_(false),
+    virtualMass_(false),
     Cvm_(0.0),
-    pressureGradient_(dict_.lookup("pressureGradient")),
-    paramagnetic_(dict_.lookup("paramagnetic")),
+    pressureGradient_(false),
+    paramagnetic_(false),
     magneticSusceptibility_(0.0),
     refFrame_(rfInertial),
     UName_(dict_.lookupOrDefault<word>("UName", "U")),
     HdotGradHName_(dict_.lookupOrDefault<word>("HdotGradHName", "HdotGradH"))
 {
-    if (virtualMass_)
+    if (readFields)
     {
-        dict_.lookup("Cvm") >> Cvm_;
-    }
+        dict_.lookup("gravity") >> gravity_;
+        dict_.lookup("virtualMass") >> virtualMass_;
+        dict_.lookup("pressureGradient") >> pressureGradient_;
+        dict_.lookup("paramagnetic") >> paramagnetic_;
 
-    if (paramagnetic_)
-    {
-        dict_.lookup("magneticSusceptibility") >> magneticSusceptibility_;
+        if (virtualMass_)
+        {
+            dict_.lookup("Cvm") >> Cvm_;
+        }
+
+        if (paramagnetic_)
+        {
+            dict_.lookup("magneticSusceptibility") >> magneticSusceptibility_;
+        }
     }
 
     if (dict_.found("referenceFrame"))
@@ -116,9 +125,10 @@ Foam::particleForces::particleForces
             (
                 "Foam::particleForces::particleForces"
                 "("
-                    "const fvMesh& mesh,"
-                    "const dictionary& dict,"
-                    "const vector& g"
+                    "const fvMesh&, "
+                    "const dictionary&, "
+                    "const vector&, "
+                    "const bool"
                 ")"
             )
                 << "Unknown referenceFrame, options are inertial and SRF."
@@ -235,10 +245,8 @@ void Foam::particleForces::cacheFields
 
         if (paramagnetic_)
         {
-            const volVectorField& HdotGradH = mesh_.lookupObject<volVectorField>
-            (
-                HdotGradHName_
-            );
+            const volVectorField& HdotGradH =
+                mesh_.lookupObject<volVectorField>(HdotGradHName_);
 
             HdotGradHInterPtr_ = interpolation<vector>::New
             (
@@ -329,7 +337,7 @@ Foam::vector Foam::particleForces::calcNonCoupled
         // *magneticSusceptibility_/(magneticSusceptibility_ + 3)
         // *HdotGradH[cellI];
 
-        // which is divided by mass ((4/3)*pi*r^3*rho) to produce
+        // which is divided by mass (pi*d^3*rho/6) to produce
         // acceleration
     }
 
diff --git a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/particleForces/particleForces.H b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/particleForces/particleForces.H
index 5c537ff540..feb5ea8ee4 100644
--- a/src/lagrangian/intermediate/particleForces/particleForces.H
+++ b/src/lagrangian/intermediate/particleForces/particleForces.H
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2008-2011 OpenCFD Ltd.
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -134,7 +134,8 @@ public:
         (
             const fvMesh& mesh,
             const dictionary& dict,
-            const vector& g
+            const vector& g,
+            const bool readFields = true
         );
 
         //- Construct copy
diff --git a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/Allrun.pre b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/Allrun.pre
index a3c9718bf6..a6e2612512 100755
--- a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/Allrun.pre
+++ b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/Allrun.pre
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ mv log.setSet log.wallFilmRegion.setSet
 runApplication setsToZones -noFlipMap
 mv log.setsToZones log.setsToZones.primaryRegion
 
-runApplication extrudeToRegionMesh wallFilmRegion '(wallFilmFaces)' 0.01 -overwrite
+runApplication extrudeToRegionMesh -overwrite
 
diff --git a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/constant/reactingCloud1Properties b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/constant/reactingCloud1Properties
index 6279e46c30..1f9b1416c0 100644
--- a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/constant/reactingCloud1Properties
+++ b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/constant/reactingCloud1Properties
@@ -18,70 +18,6 @@ FoamFile
 solution
 {
     active          false;
-
-    integrationSchemes
-    {
-        U               Euler;
-        T               Analytical;
-    }
-}
-
-constantProperties
-{
-    parcelTypeId    1;
-
-    rhoMin          1e-15;
-    TMin            200;
-    pMin            1000;
-    minParticleMass 1e-15;
-
-    rho0            1000;
-    T0              300;
-    Cp0             4187;
-
-    epsilon0        1;
-    f0              0.5;
-
-    Pr              0.7;
-    Tvap            273;
-    Tbp             373;
-    youngsModulus   0;
-    poissonsRatio   0;
-
-    constantVolume  false;
-}
-
-particleForces
-{
-    gravity         on;
-    virtualMass     off;
-    pressureGradient off;
-    paramagnetic    off;
-}
-
-subModels
-{
-    InjectionModel  none;
-
-    DragModel       none;
-
-    DispersionModel none;
-
-    PatchInteractionModel none;
-
-    CollisionModel  none;
-
-    HeatTransferModel none;
-
-    CompositionModel none;
-
-    PhaseChangeModel none;
-
-    PostProcessingModel none;
-
-    SurfaceFilmModel none;
-
-    radiation       off;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/system/extrudeToRegionMeshDict b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/system/extrudeToRegionMeshDict
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ab1cc2e2de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/evaporationTest/system/extrudeToRegionMeshDict
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\                           
+| =========                 |                                                 |                           
+| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |                           
+|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  dev                                   |                           
+|   \\  /    A nd           | Web:      www.OpenFOAM.com                      |                           
+|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |                           
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/                           
+FoamFile                                                                                                  
+{                                                                                                         
+    version     2.0;                                                                                      
+    format      ascii;                                                                                    
+    class       dictionary;                                                                               
+    object      extrudeToRegionMeshDict;                                                                  
+}                                                                                                         
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //                           
+
+region          wallFilmRegion;        
+
+faceZones       (wallFilmFaces);
+
+adaptMesh       true;
+
+oneD            false;
+
+extrudeModel    linearNormal;       
+
+nLayers         1;
+
+expansionRatio  1;
+
+linearNormalCoeffs
+{                 
+    thickness       0.01;
+}                        
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
diff --git a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/Allrun.pre b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/Allrun.pre
index 74726aadb0..9a69e3b490 100755
--- a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/Allrun.pre
+++ b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/Allrun.pre
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ runApplication blockMesh
 runApplication setSet -batch wallFilmRegion.setSet
 mv log.setSet log.wallFilmRegion.setSet
 
-runApplication extrudeToRegionMesh wallFilmRegion '(wallFilmFaces)' 0.01 -overwrite
+runApplication extrudeToRegionMesh -overwrite
 
 runApplication setSet -region wallFilmRegion -batch createWallFilmRegionPatches.setSet
 mv log.setSet log.createWallFilmRegionPatches.setSet
diff --git a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/constant/reactingCloud1Properties b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/constant/reactingCloud1Properties
index 78ac17426f..1f9b1416c0 100644
--- a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/constant/reactingCloud1Properties
+++ b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/constant/reactingCloud1Properties
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 | =========                 |                                                 |
 | \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
 |  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  dev                                   |
-|   \\  /    A nd           | Web:      www.OpenFOAM.com                      |
+|   \\  /    A nd           | Web:      www.OpenFOAM.org                      |
 |    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 FoamFile
@@ -18,70 +18,6 @@ FoamFile
 solution
 {
     active          false;
-
-    integrationSchemes
-    {
-        U               Euler;
-        T               Analytical;
-    }
-}
-
-constantProperties
-{
-    parcelTypeId    1;
-
-    rhoMin          1e-15;
-    TMin            200;
-    pMin            1000;
-    minParticleMass 1e-15;
-
-    rho0            1000;
-    T0              300;
-    Cp0             4187;
-
-    youngsModulus   1e9;
-    poissonsRatio   0.35;
-
-    epsilon0        1;
-    f0              0.5;
-    Pr              0.7;
-    Tvap            273;
-    Tbp             373;
-
-    constantVolume  false;
-}
-
-particleForces
-{
-    gravity             on;
-    virtualMass         off;
-    pressureGradient    off;
-    paramagnetic        off;
-}
-
-subModels
-{
-    InjectionModel  none;
-
-    DragModel       none;
-
-    DispersionModel none;
-
-    PatchInteractionModel none;
-
-    HeatTransferModel none;
-
-    CompositionModel none;
-
-    PhaseChangeModel none;
-
-    PostProcessingModel none;
-
-    CollisionModel none;
-
-    SurfaceFilmModel none;
-
-    radiation       off;
 }
 
 
diff --git a/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/system/extrudeToRegionMeshDict b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/system/extrudeToRegionMeshDict
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ab1cc2e2de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tutorials/lagrangian/reactingParcelFilmFoam/panel/system/extrudeToRegionMeshDict
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\                           
+| =========                 |                                                 |                           
+| \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |                           
+|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  dev                                   |                           
+|   \\  /    A nd           | Web:      www.OpenFOAM.com                      |                           
+|    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |                           
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/                           
+FoamFile                                                                                                  
+{                                                                                                         
+    version     2.0;                                                                                      
+    format      ascii;                                                                                    
+    class       dictionary;                                                                               
+    object      extrudeToRegionMeshDict;                                                                  
+}                                                                                                         
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //                           
+
+region          wallFilmRegion;        
+
+faceZones       (wallFilmFaces);
+
+adaptMesh       true;
+
+oneD            false;
+
+extrudeModel    linearNormal;       
+
+nLayers         1;
+
+expansionRatio  1;
+
+linearNormalCoeffs
+{                 
+    thickness       0.01;
+}                        
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+