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ENH: resolutionIndex: new function object to evaluate LES/DES resolution
Grid independency studies and grid adaptation for implicit LES/DES are nontrivial and intractable due to the inherent coupling between spatial resolution and subgrid-scale modelling. To enable assessments for LES/DES resolution, a function object of single-mesh resolution index with three submodels is introduced.
This commit is contained in:
Kutalmis Bercin
@ -143,6 +143,13 @@ DMD/DMDModels/DMDModel/DMDModel.C
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DMD/DMDModels/DMDModel/DMDModelNew.C
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DMD/DMDModels/derived/STDMD/STDMD.C
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resolutionIndex/resolutionIndex.C
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resolutionIndex/resolutionIndexModels/resolutionIndexModel/resolutionIndexModel.C
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resolutionIndex/resolutionIndexModels/resolutionIndexModel/resolutionIndexModelNew.C
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resolutionIndex/resolutionIndexModels/PopeIndex/PopeIndex.C
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resolutionIndex/resolutionIndexModels/CelikNuIndex/CelikNuIndex.C
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resolutionIndex/resolutionIndexModels/CelikEtaIndex/CelikEtaIndex.C
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age/age.C
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comfort/comfort.C
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123
src/functionObjects/field/resolutionIndex/resolutionIndex.C
Normal file
123
src/functionObjects/field/resolutionIndex/resolutionIndex.C
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
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========= |
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\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
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\\ / O peration |
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\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
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\\/ M anipulation |
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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License
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||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
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||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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#include "resolutionIndex.H"
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#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
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#include "turbulenceModel.H"
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#include "RASModel.H"
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#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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namespace Foam
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{
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namespace functionObjects
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{
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defineTypeNameAndDebug(resolutionIndex, 0);
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addToRunTimeSelectionTable(functionObject, resolutionIndex, dictionary);
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}
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}
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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Foam::functionObjects::resolutionIndex::resolutionIndex
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(
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const word& name,
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const Time& runTime,
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const dictionary& dict
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)
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:
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fvMeshFunctionObject(name, runTime, dict),
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resolutionIndexModelPtr_()
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{
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read(dict);
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}
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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Foam::functionObjects::resolutionIndex::~resolutionIndex()
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{} // resolutionIndexModel was forward declared
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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bool Foam::functionObjects::resolutionIndex::read(const dictionary& dict)
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{
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if (mesh_.foundObject<RASModelBaseName>(turbulenceModel::propertiesName))
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{
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FatalIOErrorInFunction(dict)
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<< type() << " " << name()
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<< " is not available for RANS-based turbulence models."
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<< exit(FatalIOError);
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return false;
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}
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if (!fvMeshFunctionObject::read(dict))
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{
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return false;
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}
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Info<< type() << " " << name() << ":" << endl;
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resolutionIndexModelPtr_.reset
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(
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resolutionIndexModel::New(name(), mesh_, dict)
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);
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return true;
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}
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bool Foam::functionObjects::resolutionIndex::execute()
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{
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if (!resolutionIndexModelPtr_->execute())
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{
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return false;
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}
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return true;
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}
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bool Foam::functionObjects::resolutionIndex::write()
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{
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Info<< type() << " " << name() << " write:" << endl;
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if (!resolutionIndexModelPtr_->write())
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{
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return false;
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}
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Info<< endl;
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return true;
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}
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// ************************************************************************* //
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191
src/functionObjects/field/resolutionIndex/resolutionIndex.H
Normal file
191
src/functionObjects/field/resolutionIndex/resolutionIndex.H
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
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========= |
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\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
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\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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License
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||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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|
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Class
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Foam::functionObjects::resolutionIndex
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Group
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grpFieldFunctionObjects
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Description
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Computes a single-mesh resolution index according to the specified model,
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which is used as a LES/DES quality/post-verification metric that does
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not require any experimental or DNS data.
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Operands:
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\table
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Operand | Type | Location
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input | vol\<Type\>Field(s) | \<time\>/\<inpField\>
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output file | - | -
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output field | volScalarField | \<time\>/\<outField\>
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\endtable
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References:
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\verbatim
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Governing equation (tag:P):
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Pope, S. B. (2000).
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Turbulent flows.
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Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
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DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511840531
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Governing equations (tag:CKJ):
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Celik, I., Klein, M., & Janicka, J. (2009).
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Assessment measures for engineering LES applications.
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Journal of fluids engineering, 131(3).
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DOI:10.1115/1.3059703
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\endverbatim
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Usage
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Minimal example by using \c system/controlDict.functions:
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\verbatim
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resolutionIndex1
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{
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// Mandatory entries
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type resolutionIndex;
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libs (fieldFunctionObjects);
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model <word>;
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// Conditional entries
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// Option-1: when model == PopeIndex
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// Option-2: when model == CelikNuIndex
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// Option-3: when model == CelikEtaIndex
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// Inherited entries
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...
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}
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\endverbatim
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where the entries mean:
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\table
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Property | Description | Type | Reqd | Deflt
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type | Type name: resolutionIndex | word | yes | -
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libs | Library name: fieldFunctionObjects | word | yes | -
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model | Name of the resolutionIndex model | word | yes | -
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\endtable
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Options for the \c model entry:
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\verbatim
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PopeIndex | Resolution method proposed by Pope (2000)
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CelikNuIndex | Resolution method proposed by Celik et al. (2009)
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CelikEtaIndex | Resolution method proposed by Celik et al. (2009)
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\endverbatim
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The inherited entries are elaborated in:
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- \link functionObject.H \endlink
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Note
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- The \c resolutionIndex throws runtime error
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when the turbulence model is RANS based.
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- Resolution-estimator models strictly assume that
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the flow is in a fully turbulent regime.
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SourceFiles
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resolutionIndex.C
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\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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#ifndef Foam_functionObjects_resolutionIndex_H
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#define Foam_functionObjects_resolutionIndex_H
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#include "fvMeshFunctionObject.H"
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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namespace Foam
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{
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// Forward Declarations
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class resolutionIndexModel;
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namespace functionObjects
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{
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
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Class resolutionIndex Declaration
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\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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class resolutionIndex
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:
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public fvMeshFunctionObject
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{
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// Private Data
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//- Resolution index model
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autoPtr<resolutionIndexModel> resolutionIndexModelPtr_;
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public:
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//- Runtime type information
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TypeName("resolutionIndex");
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// Constructors
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//- Construct from Time and dictionary
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resolutionIndex
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(
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const word& name,
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const Time& runTime,
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const dictionary& dict
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);
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//- No copy construct
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resolutionIndex(const resolutionIndex&) = delete;
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//- No copy assignment
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void operator=(const resolutionIndex&) = delete;
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// Destructor
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virtual ~resolutionIndex();
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// Member Functions
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//- Read the resolutionIndex data
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virtual bool read(const dictionary& dict);
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//- Calculate the result field
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virtual bool execute();
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//- Write the result field
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virtual bool write();
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};
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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} // End namespace functionObjects
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} // End namespace Foam
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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#endif
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// ************************************************************************* //
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@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
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|
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#include "CelikEtaIndex.H"
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#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
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#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
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|
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namespace Foam
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{
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namespace resolutionIndexModels
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{
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defineTypeNameAndDebug(CelikEtaIndex, 0);
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addToRunTimeSelectionTable(resolutionIndexModel, CelikEtaIndex, dictionary);
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}
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}
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * //
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
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Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex::eta() const
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{
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const auto& nu = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(nuName_);
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tmp<volScalarField> tepsilon = epsilon();
|
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const dimensionedScalar epsilonMin(tepsilon.cref().dimensions(), SMALL);
|
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|
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// (CKJ:Eq. 23)
|
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return pow025(pow3(nu)/max(epsilonMin, tepsilon));
|
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}
|
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|
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|
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
|
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Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex::epsilon() const
|
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{
|
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const auto& kSgs = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(kName_);
|
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const auto& Delta = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(deltaName_);
|
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tmp<volScalarField> tnuEff = nuEff();
|
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|
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// (Derived based on CKJ:Eq. 25-26, p.031102-5)
|
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return tnuEff*kSgs/(Ck_*sqr(Delta));
|
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}
|
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|
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|
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
|
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Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex::nuEff() const
|
||||
{
|
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const auto& nu = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(nuName_);
|
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const auto& nuSgs = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(nutName_);
|
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tmp<volScalarField> tnuNum = nuNum();
|
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|
||||
// (CKJ:p. 031102-3)
|
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return tnuNum + nuSgs + nu;
|
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}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex::nuNum() const
|
||||
{
|
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const auto& Delta = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(deltaName_);
|
||||
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> tkNum = kNum();
|
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|
||||
// (CKJ:Eq. 35)
|
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return sign(tkNum.cref())*Cnu_*Delta*sqrt(mag(tkNum.cref()));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex::kNum() const
|
||||
{
|
||||
const auto& kSgs = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(kName_);
|
||||
const auto& Delta = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(deltaName_);
|
||||
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> th = cbrt(V());
|
||||
|
||||
// (CKJ:Eq. 28)
|
||||
return Cn_*sqr(th/Delta)*kSgs;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex::CelikEtaIndex
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
)
|
||||
:
|
||||
resolutionIndexModel(name, mesh, dict),
|
||||
alphaEta_(),
|
||||
m_(),
|
||||
Cnu_(),
|
||||
Cn_(),
|
||||
Ck_(),
|
||||
kName_(),
|
||||
deltaName_(),
|
||||
nuName_(),
|
||||
nutName_()
|
||||
{
|
||||
read(dict);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex::read(const dictionary& dict)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (!resolutionIndexModel::read(dict))
|
||||
{
|
||||
return false;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// (Default values from CKJ:p. 031102-3, 031102-5)
|
||||
alphaEta_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("alphaEta", 0.05);
|
||||
m_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("m", 0.5);
|
||||
Cnu_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("Cnu", 0.1);
|
||||
Cn_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("Cn", 1.0);
|
||||
Ck_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("Ck", 0.0376);
|
||||
kName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("k", "k");
|
||||
deltaName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("delta", "delta");
|
||||
nuName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("nu", "nu");
|
||||
nutName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("nut", "nut");
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex::execute()
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Calculate Kolmogorov and mesh length scales
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> teta = eta();
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> th = cbrt(V());
|
||||
|
||||
// Calculate index field
|
||||
auto& index = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(resultName());
|
||||
|
||||
// (CKJ:Eq. 9)
|
||||
index = 1.0/(1.0 + alphaEta_*pow(th/teta, m_));
|
||||
index.correctBoundaryConditions();
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex::write()
|
||||
{
|
||||
const auto& index = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(resultName());
|
||||
|
||||
Info<< tab << "writing field:" << index.name() << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
index.write();
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
Class
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikEtaIndex
|
||||
|
||||
Description
|
||||
Computes a single-mesh resolution index according to Celik et al.'s index
|
||||
using Kolmogorov length scale, which is used as a LES/DES quality/post
|
||||
verification metric that does not require any experimental or DNS data.
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\Gamma_{Celik,\eta}(\mathbf{x}, t) =
|
||||
\frac{1}{1 + \alpha_\eta \left(\frac{h}{\eta_{eff}}\right)^m}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
with
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\eta_{eff} = \left(\frac{\nu^3}{\epsilon}\right)^{1/4}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\epsilon = \nu_{eff} \frac{k_{sgs}}{C_k \Delta^2}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\nu_{eff} = \nu_{num} + \nu_{sgs} + \nu
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\nu_{num} = {sgn}(k_{num}) C_\nu \Delta \sqrt{k_{num}}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
k_{num} = C_n \left(\frac{h}{\Delta}\right)^2 k_{sgs}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
where
|
||||
\vartable
|
||||
\Gamma_{Celik,\eta}(\mathbf{x}, t) | Celik et al.'s index [-]
|
||||
\alpha_\eta | Empirical constant [-]
|
||||
h | Characteristic length scale with \f$h = V^{1/3} \f$ [m]
|
||||
V | Cell volume [m^3]
|
||||
\eta_{eff} | Kolmogorov length scale [m]
|
||||
m | Empirical exponent [-]
|
||||
\nu | Kinematic viscosity of fluid [m^2/s]
|
||||
\epsilon | Kinetic energy dissipation rate [m^2/s^3]
|
||||
\nu_{eff} | Effective eddy viscosity [m^2/s]
|
||||
\nu_{num} | Numerical eddy viscosity [m^2/s]
|
||||
\nu_{sgs} | Subgrid-scale eddy viscosity [m^2/s]
|
||||
k_{num} | Numerical turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
C_\nu | Empirical constant [-]
|
||||
\Delta | Filter length scale [m]
|
||||
k_{sgs} | Subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
C_n | Empirical constant [-]
|
||||
C_k | Empirical constant [-]
|
||||
\endvartable
|
||||
|
||||
References:
|
||||
\verbatim
|
||||
Governing equations (tag:CCY):
|
||||
Celik, I. B., Cehreli Z. N., Yavuz I. (2005).
|
||||
Index of resolution quality for large eddy simulations.
|
||||
Journal of Fluids Engineering. 127:949–958.
|
||||
DOI:10.1115/1.1990201
|
||||
|
||||
Governing equations (tag:CKJ):
|
||||
Celik, I., Klein, M., & Janicka, J. (2009).
|
||||
Assessment measures for engineering LES applications.
|
||||
Journal of fluids engineering, 131(3).
|
||||
DOI:10.1115/1.3059703
|
||||
\endverbatim
|
||||
|
||||
Usage
|
||||
Minimal example by using \c system/controlDict.functions:
|
||||
\verbatim
|
||||
resolutionIndex1
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Inherited entries
|
||||
...
|
||||
model CelikEtaIndex;
|
||||
|
||||
// Optional entries
|
||||
alphaEta <scalar>;
|
||||
m <scalar>;
|
||||
Cnu <scalar>;
|
||||
Cn <scalar>;
|
||||
Ck <scalar>;
|
||||
k <word>;
|
||||
delta <word>;
|
||||
nu <word>;
|
||||
nut <word>;
|
||||
}
|
||||
\endverbatim
|
||||
|
||||
where the entries mean:
|
||||
\table
|
||||
Property | Description | Type | Reqd | Deflt
|
||||
model | Model name: CelikEtaIndex | word | yes | -
|
||||
alphaEta | Empirical constant | scalar | no | 0.05
|
||||
m | Empirical exponent | scalar | no | 0.5
|
||||
Cnu | Empirical constant | scalar | no | 0.1
|
||||
Cn | Empirical constant | scalar | no | 1.0
|
||||
Ck | Empirical constant | scalar | no | 0.0376
|
||||
k | Name of subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy field <!--
|
||||
--> | word | no | k
|
||||
delta | Name of filter field | word | no | delta
|
||||
nu | Name of kinematic viscosity field | word | no | nu
|
||||
nut | Name of subgrid-scale eddy viscosity field | word | no | nut
|
||||
\endtable
|
||||
|
||||
SourceFiles
|
||||
CelikEtaIndex.C
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
#ifndef Foam_resolutionIndexModels_CelikEtaIndex_H
|
||||
#define Foam_resolutionIndexModels_CelikEtaIndex_H
|
||||
|
||||
#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
namespace Foam
|
||||
{
|
||||
namespace resolutionIndexModels
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
Class CelikEtaIndex Declaration
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
class CelikEtaIndex
|
||||
:
|
||||
public resolutionIndexModel
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Private Data
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical constant
|
||||
scalar alphaEta_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical exponent
|
||||
scalar m_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical constant
|
||||
scalar Cnu_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical constant
|
||||
scalar Cn_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical constant
|
||||
scalar Ck_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy field
|
||||
word kName_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of filter field
|
||||
word deltaName_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of kinematic viscosity field
|
||||
word nuName_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of subgrid-scale eddy viscosity field
|
||||
word nutName_;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Private Member Functions
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return Kolmogorov length scale field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> eta() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return kinetic energy dissipation rate field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> epsilon() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return effective eddy viscosity field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> nuEff() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return numerical eddy viscosity field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> nuNum() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return numerical turbulent kinetic energy field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> kNum() const;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
public:
|
||||
|
||||
//- Runtime type information
|
||||
TypeName("CelikEtaIndex");
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Constructors
|
||||
|
||||
//- Construct from components
|
||||
CelikEtaIndex
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
//- No copy construct
|
||||
CelikEtaIndex(const CelikEtaIndex&) = delete;
|
||||
|
||||
//- No copy assignment
|
||||
void operator=(const CelikEtaIndex&) = delete;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Destructor
|
||||
virtual ~CelikEtaIndex() = default;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Member Functions
|
||||
|
||||
//- Read top-level dictionary
|
||||
virtual bool read(const dictionary& dict);
|
||||
|
||||
//- Calculate the result field
|
||||
virtual bool execute();
|
||||
|
||||
//- Write the result field
|
||||
virtual bool write();
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
} // End namespace resolutionIndexModels
|
||||
} // End namespace Foam
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
#include "CelikNuIndex.H"
|
||||
#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
|
||||
#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
namespace Foam
|
||||
{
|
||||
namespace resolutionIndexModels
|
||||
{
|
||||
defineTypeNameAndDebug(CelikNuIndex, 0);
|
||||
addToRunTimeSelectionTable(resolutionIndexModel, CelikNuIndex, dictionary);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikNuIndex::nuNum() const
|
||||
{
|
||||
const auto& Delta = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(deltaName_);
|
||||
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> tkNum = kNum();
|
||||
|
||||
// (CKJ:Eq. 35)
|
||||
return sign(tkNum.cref())*Cnu_*Delta*sqrt(tkNum.cref());
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikNuIndex::kNum() const
|
||||
{
|
||||
const auto& kSgs = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(kName_);
|
||||
const auto& Delta = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(deltaName_);
|
||||
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> th = cbrt(V());
|
||||
|
||||
// (CKJ:Eq. 28)
|
||||
return Cn_*sqr(th/Delta)*kSgs;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikNuIndex::CelikNuIndex
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
)
|
||||
:
|
||||
resolutionIndexModel(name, mesh, dict),
|
||||
alphaNu_(),
|
||||
n_(),
|
||||
Cnu_(),
|
||||
Cn_(),
|
||||
kName_(),
|
||||
deltaName_(),
|
||||
nuName_(),
|
||||
nutName_()
|
||||
{
|
||||
read(dict);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikNuIndex::read(const dictionary& dict)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (!resolutionIndexModel::read(dict))
|
||||
{
|
||||
return false;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// (Default values from CKJ:p. 031102-3, 031102-5)
|
||||
alphaNu_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("alphaNu", 0.05);
|
||||
n_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("n", 0.53);
|
||||
Cnu_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("Cnu", 0.1);
|
||||
Cn_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("Cn", 1.0);
|
||||
kName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("k", "k");
|
||||
deltaName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("delta", "delta");
|
||||
nuName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("nu", "nu");
|
||||
nutName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("nut", "nut");
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikNuIndex::execute()
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Calculate effective eddy viscosity field
|
||||
const auto& nu = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(nuName_);
|
||||
const auto& nuSgs = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(nutName_);
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> tnuNum = nuNum();
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> tnuEff = tnuNum + nuSgs + nu;
|
||||
|
||||
// Calculate index field
|
||||
auto& index = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(resultName());
|
||||
|
||||
// (CKJ:Eq. 10)
|
||||
index = 1.0/(1.0 + alphaNu_*pow(tnuEff/nu, n_));
|
||||
index.correctBoundaryConditions();
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikNuIndex::write()
|
||||
{
|
||||
const auto& index = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(resultName());
|
||||
|
||||
Info<< tab << "writing field:" << index.name() << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
index.write();
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
Class
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::CelikNuIndex
|
||||
|
||||
Description
|
||||
Computes a single-mesh resolution index according to Celik et al.'s index
|
||||
using effective viscosity, which is used as a LES/DES quality/post
|
||||
verification metric that does not require any experimental or DNS data.
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\Gamma_{Celik,\nu}(\mathbf{x}, t) =
|
||||
\frac{1}{1 + \alpha_\nu \left(\frac{\nu_{eff}}{\nu}\right)^n}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
with
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\nu_{eff} = \nu_{num} + \nu_{sgs} + \nu
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\nu_{num} = {sgn}(k_{num}) C_\nu \Delta \sqrt{k_{num}}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
k_{num} = C_n \left(\frac{h}{\Delta}\right)^2 k_{sgs}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
where
|
||||
\vartable
|
||||
\Gamma_{Celik,\nu}(\mathbf{x}, t) | Celik et al.'s index [-]
|
||||
\alpha_\nu | Empirical constant [-]
|
||||
\nu_{eff} | Effective eddy viscosity [m^2/s]
|
||||
\nu_{num} | Numerical eddy viscosity [m^2/s]
|
||||
\nu_{sgs} | Subgrid-scale eddy viscosity [m^2/s]
|
||||
\nu | Kinematic viscosity of fluid [m^2/s]
|
||||
n | Empirical exponent [-]
|
||||
k_{num} | Numerical turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
C_\nu | Empirical constant [-]
|
||||
\Delta | Filter length scale [m]
|
||||
C_n | Empirical constant [-]
|
||||
h | Characteristic length scale with \f$h = V^{1/3} \f$ [m]
|
||||
V | Cell volume [m^3]
|
||||
k_{sgs} | Subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
\endvartable
|
||||
|
||||
Criterion for acceptable-quality resolution:
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\Gamma_{Celik,\nu}(\mathbf{x}) \geq 0.8
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
Required fields:
|
||||
\verbatim
|
||||
k | Subgrid scale turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
delta | Filter length [m]
|
||||
nu | Kinematic viscosity [m^2/s]
|
||||
nut | Subgrid-scale eddy viscosity [m^2/s]
|
||||
\endverbatim
|
||||
|
||||
References:
|
||||
\verbatim
|
||||
Governing equations (tag:CCY):
|
||||
Celik, I. B., Cehreli Z. N., Yavuz I. (2005).
|
||||
Index of resolution quality for large eddy simulations.
|
||||
Journal of Fluids Engineering. 127:949–958.
|
||||
DOI:10.1115/1.1990201
|
||||
|
||||
Governing equations (tag:CKJ):
|
||||
Celik, I., Klein, M., & Janicka, J. (2009).
|
||||
Assessment measures for engineering LES applications.
|
||||
Journal of fluids engineering, 131(3).
|
||||
DOI:10.1115/1.3059703
|
||||
\endverbatim
|
||||
|
||||
Usage
|
||||
Minimal example by using \c system/controlDict.functions:
|
||||
\verbatim
|
||||
resolutionIndex1
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Inherited entries
|
||||
...
|
||||
model CelikNuIndex;
|
||||
|
||||
// Optional entries
|
||||
alphaNu <scalar>;
|
||||
n <scalar>;
|
||||
Cnu <scalar>;
|
||||
Cn <scalar>;
|
||||
k <word>;
|
||||
delta <word>;
|
||||
nu <word>;
|
||||
nut <word>;
|
||||
}
|
||||
\endverbatim
|
||||
|
||||
where the entries mean:
|
||||
\table
|
||||
Property | Description | Type | Reqd | Deflt
|
||||
model | Model name: CelikNuIndex | word | yes | -
|
||||
alphaNu | Empirical constant | scalar | no | 0.05
|
||||
n | Empirical exponent | scalar | no | 0.53
|
||||
Cnu | Empirical constant | scalar | no | 0.1
|
||||
Cn | Empirical constant | scalar | no | 1.0
|
||||
k | Name of subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy field <!--
|
||||
--> | word | no | k
|
||||
delta | Name of filter field | word | no | delta
|
||||
nu | Name of kinematic viscosity field | word | no | nu
|
||||
nut | Name of subgrid-scale eddy viscosity field | word | no | nut
|
||||
\endtable
|
||||
|
||||
SourceFiles
|
||||
CelikNuIndex.C
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
#ifndef Foam_resolutionIndexModels_CelikNuIndex_H
|
||||
#define Foam_resolutionIndexModels_CelikNuIndex_H
|
||||
|
||||
#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
namespace Foam
|
||||
{
|
||||
namespace resolutionIndexModels
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
Class CelikNuIndex Declaration
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
class CelikNuIndex
|
||||
:
|
||||
public resolutionIndexModel
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Private Data
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical constant
|
||||
scalar alphaNu_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical exponent
|
||||
scalar n_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical constant
|
||||
scalar Cnu_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical constant
|
||||
scalar Cn_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy field
|
||||
word kName_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of filter field
|
||||
word deltaName_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of kinematic viscosity field
|
||||
word nuName_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of subgrid-scale eddy viscosity field
|
||||
word nutName_;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Private Member Functions
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return numerical eddy viscosity field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> nuNum() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return numerical turbulent kinetic energy field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> kNum() const;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
public:
|
||||
|
||||
//- Runtime type information
|
||||
TypeName("CelikNuIndex");
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Constructors
|
||||
|
||||
//- Construct from components
|
||||
CelikNuIndex
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
//- No copy construct
|
||||
CelikNuIndex(const CelikNuIndex&) = delete;
|
||||
|
||||
//- No copy assignment
|
||||
void operator=(const CelikNuIndex&) = delete;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Destructor
|
||||
virtual ~CelikNuIndex() = default;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Member Functions
|
||||
|
||||
//- Read top-level dictionary
|
||||
virtual bool read(const dictionary& dict);
|
||||
|
||||
//- Calculate the result field
|
||||
virtual bool execute();
|
||||
|
||||
//- Write the result field
|
||||
virtual bool write();
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
} // End namespace resolutionIndexModels
|
||||
} // End namespace Foam
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
#include "PopeIndex.H"
|
||||
#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
|
||||
#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
namespace Foam
|
||||
{
|
||||
namespace resolutionIndexModels
|
||||
{
|
||||
defineTypeNameAndDebug(PopeIndex, 0);
|
||||
addToRunTimeSelectionTable(resolutionIndexModel, PopeIndex, dictionary);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::PopeIndex::kNum() const
|
||||
{
|
||||
const auto& kSgs = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(kName_);
|
||||
const auto& Delta = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(deltaName_);
|
||||
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> th = cbrt(V());
|
||||
|
||||
// (CKJ:Eq. 28)
|
||||
return Cn_*sqr(th/Delta)*kSgs;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::PopeIndex::PopeIndex
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
)
|
||||
:
|
||||
resolutionIndexModel(name, mesh, dict),
|
||||
includeKnum_(),
|
||||
Cn_(),
|
||||
UName_(),
|
||||
UMeanName_(),
|
||||
kName_(),
|
||||
deltaName_()
|
||||
{
|
||||
read(dict);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModels::PopeIndex::read(const dictionary& dict)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (!resolutionIndexModel::read(dict))
|
||||
{
|
||||
return false;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
includeKnum_ = dict.getOrDefault<bool>("includeKnum", true);
|
||||
if (includeKnum_)
|
||||
{
|
||||
Cn_ = dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("Cnu", 1.0);
|
||||
}
|
||||
UName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("U", "U");
|
||||
UMeanName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("UMean", "UMean");
|
||||
kName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("k", "k");
|
||||
deltaName_ = dict.getOrDefault<word>("delta", "delta");
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModels::PopeIndex::execute()
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Calculate resolved k field
|
||||
const auto& U = getOrReadField<volVectorField>(UName_);
|
||||
const auto& UMean = getOrReadField<volVectorField>(UMeanName_);
|
||||
const volScalarField kRes(0.5*magSqr(U - UMean));
|
||||
|
||||
// Calculate subgrid-scale k field
|
||||
const auto& kSgs = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(kName_);
|
||||
|
||||
// Calculate total k field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> tkTot = kRes + kSgs;
|
||||
if (includeKnum_)
|
||||
{
|
||||
tkTot.ref() += mag(kNum());
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Calculate index field
|
||||
auto& index = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(resultName());
|
||||
|
||||
const dimensionedScalar kMin(kSgs.dimensions(), SMALL);
|
||||
|
||||
// (P:p. 560;CKJ:Eq. 11)
|
||||
index = kRes/max(kMin, tkTot);
|
||||
index.correctBoundaryConditions();
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModels::PopeIndex::write()
|
||||
{
|
||||
const auto& index = getOrReadField<volScalarField>(resultName());
|
||||
|
||||
Info<< tab << "writing field:" << index.name() << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
index.write();
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
Class
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels::PopeIndex
|
||||
|
||||
Description
|
||||
Computes a single-mesh resolution index according to Pope's index,
|
||||
which is used as a LES/DES quality/post-verification metric that does
|
||||
not require any experimental or DNS data.
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\Gamma_{Pope}(\mathbf{x}, t) = \frac{k_{res}}{k_{tot}}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
with
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
k_{tot} = k_{res} + k_{sgs} + |k_{num}|
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
where
|
||||
\vartable
|
||||
\Gamma_{Pope}(\mathbf{x}, t) | Pope's index [-]
|
||||
k_{tot} | Total turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
k_{res} | Resolved turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
k_{sgs} | Subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
k_{num} | Numerical turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
\endvartable
|
||||
|
||||
Inclusion of \f$k_{num}\f$ is optional, and set as \c true by default:
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
k_{num} = C_n \left(\frac{h}{\Delta}\right)^2 k_{sgs}
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
where
|
||||
\vartable
|
||||
C_n | Empirical constant [-]
|
||||
h | Characteristic length scale with \f$h = V^{1/3} \f$ [m]
|
||||
V | Cell volume [m^3]
|
||||
\Delta | Filter length scale [m]
|
||||
\endvartable
|
||||
|
||||
Typical criterion for acceptable-quality resolution:
|
||||
|
||||
\f[
|
||||
\Gamma_{Pope}(\mathbf{x}) \geq 0.8
|
||||
\f]
|
||||
|
||||
Required fields:
|
||||
\verbatim
|
||||
U | Velocity [m/s]
|
||||
UMean | Mean velocity [m/s]
|
||||
k | Subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy [m^2/s^2]
|
||||
delta | Filter length [m]
|
||||
\endverbatim
|
||||
|
||||
References:
|
||||
\verbatim
|
||||
Governing equation (tag:P):
|
||||
Pope, S. B. (2000).
|
||||
Turbulent flows.
|
||||
Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press
|
||||
DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511840531
|
||||
|
||||
Governing equations for the denominator kNum term (tag:CKJ):
|
||||
Celik, I., Klein, M., & Janicka, J. (2009).
|
||||
Assessment measures for engineering LES applications.
|
||||
Journal of fluids engineering, 131(3).
|
||||
DOI:10.1115/1.3059703
|
||||
\endverbatim
|
||||
|
||||
Usage
|
||||
Minimal example by using \c system/controlDict.functions:
|
||||
\verbatim
|
||||
resolutionIndex1
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Inherited entries
|
||||
...
|
||||
model PopeIndex;
|
||||
|
||||
// Optional entries
|
||||
U <word>;
|
||||
UMean <word>;
|
||||
k <word>;
|
||||
delta <word>;
|
||||
includeKnum <bool>;
|
||||
|
||||
// Conditional entries
|
||||
// when includeKnum = true
|
||||
Cn <scalar>;
|
||||
}
|
||||
\endverbatim
|
||||
|
||||
where the entries mean:
|
||||
\table
|
||||
Property | Description | Type | Reqd | Deflt
|
||||
model | Model name: PopeIndex | word | yes | -
|
||||
U | Name of velocity field | word | no | U
|
||||
UMean | Name of mean velocity field | word | no | UMean
|
||||
k | Name of subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy field <!--
|
||||
--> | word | no | k
|
||||
delta | Name of filter field | word | no | delta
|
||||
includeKnum | Flag to include numerical k field | bool | no | true
|
||||
Cn | Empirical constant | choice | no | 1.0
|
||||
\endtable
|
||||
|
||||
Note
|
||||
- Some studies measured \f$\Gamma_{Pope} > 1\f$ with \f$k_{res}\f$ comparisons
|
||||
between a LES and a corresponding filtered DNS. Nonphysical results may
|
||||
occur.
|
||||
|
||||
SourceFiles
|
||||
PopeIndex.C
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
#ifndef Foam_resolutionIndexModels_PopeIndex_H
|
||||
#define Foam_resolutionIndexModels_PopeIndex_H
|
||||
|
||||
#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
namespace Foam
|
||||
{
|
||||
namespace resolutionIndexModels
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
Class PopeIndex Declaration
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
class PopeIndex
|
||||
:
|
||||
public resolutionIndexModel
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Private Data
|
||||
|
||||
//- Flag to include numerical turbulent kinetic energy field
|
||||
bool includeKnum_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Empirical constant in numerical turbulent kinetic energy estimation
|
||||
scalar Cn_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of velocity field
|
||||
word UName_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of mean velocity field
|
||||
word UMeanName_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of subgrid-scale turbulent kinetic energy field
|
||||
word kName_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of filter field
|
||||
word deltaName_;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Private Member Functions
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return numerical turbulent kinetic energy field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> kNum() const;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
public:
|
||||
|
||||
//- Runtime type information
|
||||
TypeName("PopeIndex");
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Constructors
|
||||
|
||||
//- Construct from components
|
||||
PopeIndex
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
//- No copy construct
|
||||
PopeIndex(const PopeIndex&) = delete;
|
||||
|
||||
//- No copy assignment
|
||||
void operator=(const PopeIndex&) = delete;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Destructor
|
||||
virtual ~PopeIndex() = default;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Member Functions
|
||||
|
||||
//- Read top-level dictionary
|
||||
virtual bool read(const dictionary& dict);
|
||||
|
||||
//- Calculate the result field
|
||||
virtual bool execute();
|
||||
|
||||
//- Write the result field
|
||||
virtual bool write();
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
} // End namespace resolutionIndexModels
|
||||
} // End namespace Foam
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
|
||||
#include "fvMesh.H"
|
||||
#include "ListOps.H"
|
||||
#include "turbulenceFields.H"
|
||||
#include "turbulenceModel.H"
|
||||
#include "zeroGradientFvPatchFields.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
namespace Foam
|
||||
{
|
||||
defineTypeNameAndDebug(resolutionIndexModel, 0);
|
||||
defineRunTimeSelectionTable(resolutionIndexModel, dictionary);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::resolutionIndexModel::V() const
|
||||
{
|
||||
auto tV = tmp<volScalarField>::New
|
||||
(
|
||||
IOobject
|
||||
(
|
||||
"V",
|
||||
mesh_.time().timeName(),
|
||||
mesh_,
|
||||
IOobject::NO_READ,
|
||||
IOobject::NO_WRITE,
|
||||
false
|
||||
),
|
||||
mesh_,
|
||||
dimVolume,
|
||||
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField::typeName
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
tV.ref().primitiveFieldRef() = mesh_.V();
|
||||
tV.ref().correctBoundaryConditions();
|
||||
|
||||
return tV;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModel::resolutionIndexModel
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
)
|
||||
:
|
||||
mesh_(mesh),
|
||||
resultName_(word::null)
|
||||
{}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
bool Foam::resolutionIndexModel::read(const dictionary& dict)
|
||||
{
|
||||
resultName_ = dict.getOrDefault("result", type());
|
||||
|
||||
auto* indexPtr = mesh_.getObjectPtr<volScalarField>(resultName_);
|
||||
|
||||
if (!indexPtr)
|
||||
{
|
||||
indexPtr = new volScalarField
|
||||
(
|
||||
IOobject
|
||||
(
|
||||
resultName_,
|
||||
mesh_.time().timeName(),
|
||||
mesh_,
|
||||
IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
|
||||
IOobject::NO_WRITE
|
||||
),
|
||||
mesh_,
|
||||
dimensionedScalar(dimless, Zero),
|
||||
zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField::typeName
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
mesh_.objectRegistry::store(indexPtr);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
Namespace
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModels
|
||||
|
||||
Description
|
||||
A namespace for various \c resolutionIndex model implementations.
|
||||
|
||||
Class
|
||||
Foam::resolutionIndexModel
|
||||
|
||||
Description
|
||||
A base class for \c resolutionIndex models.
|
||||
|
||||
SourceFiles
|
||||
resolutionIndexModel.C
|
||||
resolutionIndexModelNew.C
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
#ifndef Foam_resolutionIndexModel_H
|
||||
#define Foam_resolutionIndexModel_H
|
||||
|
||||
#include "volFields.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
namespace Foam
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
// Forward Declarations
|
||||
class fvMesh;
|
||||
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
Class resolutionIndexModel Declaration
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
class resolutionIndexModel
|
||||
{
|
||||
// Private Data
|
||||
|
||||
//- Const reference to the mesh
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh_;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Name of result field
|
||||
word resultName_;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
protected:
|
||||
|
||||
// Protected Member Functions
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return requested field from the object registry
|
||||
//- or read+register the field to the object registry
|
||||
template<class GeoFieldType>
|
||||
GeoFieldType& getOrReadField(const word& fieldName) const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return cell volume field
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> V() const;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
public:
|
||||
|
||||
//- Runtime type information
|
||||
TypeName("resolutionIndexModel");
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Declare runtime constructor selection table
|
||||
|
||||
declareRunTimeSelectionTable
|
||||
(
|
||||
autoPtr,
|
||||
resolutionIndexModel,
|
||||
dictionary,
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
),
|
||||
(name, mesh, dict)
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Selectors
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return a reference to the selected resolutionIndex model
|
||||
static autoPtr<resolutionIndexModel> New
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Constructors
|
||||
|
||||
//- Construct from components
|
||||
resolutionIndexModel
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
//- No copy construct
|
||||
resolutionIndexModel(const resolutionIndexModel&) = delete;
|
||||
|
||||
//- No copy assignment
|
||||
void operator=(const resolutionIndexModel&) = delete;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
//- Destructor
|
||||
virtual ~resolutionIndexModel() = default;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Member Functions
|
||||
|
||||
// Access
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return const reference to the mesh
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh() const noexcept
|
||||
{
|
||||
return mesh_;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return const reference to the result name
|
||||
const word& resultName() const noexcept
|
||||
{
|
||||
return resultName_;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// I-O
|
||||
|
||||
//- Read top-level dictionary
|
||||
virtual bool read(const dictionary& dict);
|
||||
|
||||
//- Calculate the result field
|
||||
virtual bool execute() = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Write the result field
|
||||
virtual bool write() = 0;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
} // End namespace Foam
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
#ifdef NoRepository
|
||||
#include "resolutionIndexModelTemplates.C"
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
|
||||
#include "fvMesh.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
Foam::autoPtr<Foam::resolutionIndexModel> Foam::resolutionIndexModel::New
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& name,
|
||||
const fvMesh& mesh,
|
||||
const dictionary& dict
|
||||
)
|
||||
{
|
||||
const word modelType(dict.get<word>("model"));
|
||||
|
||||
Info<< " Selecting model: " << modelType << nl << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
auto* ctorPtr = dictionaryConstructorTable(modelType);
|
||||
|
||||
if (!ctorPtr)
|
||||
{
|
||||
FatalIOErrorInLookup
|
||||
(
|
||||
dict,
|
||||
"resolutionIndexModel",
|
||||
modelType,
|
||||
*dictionaryConstructorTablePtr_
|
||||
) << exit(FatalIOError);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return autoPtr<resolutionIndexModel>(ctorPtr(name, mesh, dict));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
|
||||
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
|
||||
========= |
|
||||
\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
|
||||
\\ / O peration |
|
||||
\\ / A nd | www.openfoam.com
|
||||
\\/ M anipulation |
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
Copyright (C) 2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
License
|
||||
This file is part of OpenFOAM.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
|
||||
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
|
||||
(at your option) any later version.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
|
||||
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
|
||||
along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
|
||||
|
||||
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
|
||||
|
||||
#include "resolutionIndexModel.H"
|
||||
#include "volFields.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * Protected Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
template<class GeoFieldType>
|
||||
GeoFieldType& Foam::resolutionIndexModel::getOrReadField
|
||||
(
|
||||
const word& fieldName
|
||||
) const
|
||||
{
|
||||
auto* ptr = mesh_.getObjectPtr<GeoFieldType>(fieldName);
|
||||
|
||||
if (!ptr)
|
||||
{
|
||||
ptr = new GeoFieldType
|
||||
(
|
||||
IOobject
|
||||
(
|
||||
fieldName,
|
||||
mesh_.time().timeName(),
|
||||
mesh_,
|
||||
IOobject::MUST_READ,
|
||||
IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
|
||||
),
|
||||
mesh_
|
||||
);
|
||||
mesh_.objectRegistry::store(ptr);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return *ptr;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// ************************************************************************* //
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user