surfaceTensionModels::liquidProperties: New temperature-dependent surface tension model

Description
    Temperature-dependent surface tension model in which the surface tension
    function provided by the phase Foam::liquidProperties class is used.

Usage
    \table
        Property     | Description               | Required    | Default value
        phase        | Phase name                | yes         |
    \endtable

    Example of the surface tension specification:
    \verbatim
        sigma
        {
            type    liquidProperties;
            phase   water;
        }
    \endverbatim

for use with e.g. compressibleInterFoam, see
tutorials/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/laminar/depthCharge2D

applications/solvers/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/Allwclean

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 cd ${0%/*} || exit 1    # Run from this directory
 
 wclean libso twoPhaseMixtureThermo
+wclean libso surfaceTensionModels
 wclean
 wclean compressibleInterDyMFoam
 

applications/solvers/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/Allwmake

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ cd ${0%/*} || exit 1    # Run from this directory
 . $WM_PROJECT_DIR/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments
 
 wmake $targetType twoPhaseMixtureThermo
+wmake $targetType surfaceTensionModels
 
 wmake $targetType
 wmake $targetType compressibleInterDyMFoam

applications/solvers/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/Make/options

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ EXE_INC = \
 
 EXE_LIBS = \
     -ltwoPhaseMixtureThermo \
+    -ltwoPhaseSurfaceTension \
     -lcompressibleTransportModels \
     -lfluidThermophysicalModels \
     -lspecie \

applications/solvers/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/compressibleInterDyMFoam/Make/options

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ EXE_INC = \
 
 EXE_LIBS = \
     -ltwoPhaseMixtureThermo \
+    -ltwoPhaseSurfaceTension \
     -lcompressibleTransportModels \
     -lfluidThermophysicalModels \
     -lspecie \

applications/solvers/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/surfaceTensionModels/Make/files

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+liquidProperties/liquidPropertiesSurfaceTension.C
+
+LIB = $(FOAM_LIBBIN)/libtwoPhaseSurfaceTension

applications/solvers/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/surfaceTensionModels/Make/options

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+EXE_INC = \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/interfaceProperties/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels/compressible/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/specie/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/lnInclude \
+    -I$(LIB_SRC)/finiteVolume/lnInclude
+
+LIB_LIBS = \
+    -linterfaceProperties \
+    -lcompressibleTransportModels \
+    -lfluidThermophysicalModels \
+    -lspecie \
+    -lthermophysicalProperties \
+    -lfiniteVolume

applications/solvers/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/surfaceTensionModels/liquidProperties/liquidPropertiesSurfaceTension.C

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "liquidPropertiesSurfaceTension.H"
+#include "liquidThermo.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace surfaceTensionModels
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(liquidProperties, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable
+    (
+        surfaceTensionModel,
+        liquidProperties,
+        dictionary
+    );
+}
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::surfaceTensionModels::liquidProperties::liquidProperties
+(
+    const dictionary& dict,
+    const fvMesh& mesh
+)
+:
+    surfaceTensionModel(mesh),
+    phaseName_(dict.lookup("phase"))
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::surfaceTensionModels::liquidProperties::~liquidProperties()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::surfaceTensionModels::liquidProperties::sigma() const
+{
+    const heRhoThermopureMixtureliquidProperties& thermo =
+        mesh_.lookupObject<heRhoThermopureMixtureliquidProperties>
+        (
+             IOobject::groupName(basicThermo::dictName, phaseName_)
+        );
+
+    const Foam::liquidProperties& liquid = thermo.mixture().properties();
+
+    tmp<volScalarField> tsigma
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "sigma",
+                mesh_.time().timeName(),
+                mesh_,
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+                false
+            ),
+            mesh_,
+            dimSigma
+        )
+    );
+    volScalarField& sigma = tsigma.ref();
+
+    const volScalarField& T = thermo.T();
+    const volScalarField& p = thermo.p();
+
+    volScalarField::Internal& sigmai = sigma;
+    const volScalarField::Internal& pi = p;
+    const volScalarField::Internal& Ti = T;
+
+    forAll(sigmai, celli)
+    {
+        sigmai[celli] = liquid.sigma(pi[celli], Ti[celli]);
+    }
+
+    volScalarField::Boundary& sigmaBf = sigma.boundaryFieldRef();
+    const volScalarField::Boundary& pBf = p.boundaryField();
+    const volScalarField::Boundary& TBf = T.boundaryField();
+
+    forAll(sigmaBf, patchi)
+    {
+        scalarField& sigmaPf = sigmaBf[patchi];
+        const scalarField& pPf = pBf[patchi];
+        const scalarField& TPf = TBf[patchi];
+
+        forAll(sigmaPf, facei)
+        {
+            sigmaPf[facei] = liquid.sigma(pPf[facei], TPf[facei]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return tsigma;
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::surfaceTensionModels::liquidProperties::read
+(
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::surfaceTensionModels::liquidProperties::writeData
+(
+    Ostream& os
+) const
+{
+    if (surfaceTensionModel::writeData(os))
+    {
+        return os.good();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/surfaceTensionModels/liquidProperties/liquidPropertiesSurfaceTension.H

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::surfaceTensionModels::liquidProperties
+
+Description
+    Temperature-dependent surface tension model in which the surface tension
+    function provided by the phase Foam::liquidProperties class is used.
+
+Usage
+    \table
+        Property     | Description               | Required    | Default value
+        phase        | Phase name                | yes         |
+    \endtable
+
+    Example of the surface tension specification:
+    \verbatim
+        sigma
+        {
+            type    liquidProperties;
+            phase   water;
+        }
+    \endverbatim
+
+See also
+    Foam::surfaceTensionModel
+
+SourceFiles
+    liquidPropertiesSurfaceTension.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef liquidPropertiesSurfaceTension_H
+#define liquidPropertiesSurfaceTension_H
+
+#include "surfaceTensionModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+namespace surfaceTensionModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                           Class liquidProperties Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class liquidProperties
+:
+    public surfaceTensionModel
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Name of the liquid phase
+        word phaseName_;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("liquidProperties");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from dictionary and mesh
+        liquidProperties
+        (
+            const dictionary& dict,
+            const fvMesh& mesh
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~liquidProperties();
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Surface tension coefficient
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> sigma() const;
+
+        //- Update surface tension coefficient from given dictionary
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& dict);
+
+        //- Write in dictionary format
+        virtual bool writeData(Ostream& os) const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace surfaceTensionModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

src/thermophysicalModels/basic/mixtures/pureMixture/pureMixture.H

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -73,6 +73,11 @@ public:
 
     // Member functions
 
+        const ThermoType& mixture() const
+        {
+            return mixture_;
+        }
+
         const ThermoType& cellMixture(const label) const
         {
             return mixture_;

src/thermophysicalModels/basic/rhoThermo/liquidThermo.C

@@ -23,16 +23,7 @@ License
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#include "rhoThermo.H"
+#include "liquidThermo.H"
-#include "heRhoThermo.H"
-#include "pureMixture.H"
-#include "thermo.H"
-#include "sensibleEnthalpy.H"
-#include "sensibleInternalEnergy.H"
-
-#include "thermophysicalPropertiesSelector.H"
-#include "liquidProperties.H"
-
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -42,19 +33,6 @@ namespace Foam
 
 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * private static data * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 
-typedef heRhoThermo
-<
-    rhoThermo,
-    pureMixture
-    <
-        species::thermo
-        <
-            thermophysicalPropertiesSelector<liquidProperties>,
-            sensibleInternalEnergy
-        >
-    >
-> heRhoThermopureMixtureliquidProperties;
-
 defineTemplateTypeNameAndDebugWithName
 (
     heRhoThermopureMixtureliquidProperties,

src/thermophysicalModels/basic/rhoThermo/liquidThermo.H

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "rhoThermo.H"
+#include "heRhoThermo.H"
+#include "pureMixture.H"
+#include "thermo.H"
+#include "sensibleInternalEnergy.H"
+#include "thermophysicalPropertiesSelector.H"
+#include "liquidProperties.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * private static data * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
+
+typedef heRhoThermo
+<
+    rhoThermo,
+    pureMixture
+    <
+        species::thermo
+        <
+            thermophysicalPropertiesSelector<liquidProperties>,
+            sensibleInternalEnergy
+        >
+    >
+> heRhoThermopureMixtureliquidProperties;
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/thermophysicalPropertiesSelector/thermophysicalPropertiesSelector.H

@@ -80,6 +80,10 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
+        //- Return reference to the selected physical properties class
+        inline const ThermophysicalProperties& properties() const;
+
+
         // Physical constants which define the specie
 
             //- Molecular weight [kg/kmol]

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/thermophysicalPropertiesSelector/thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorI.H

@@ -25,6 +25,14 @@ License
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+template<class ThermophysicalProperties>
+inline const ThermophysicalProperties&
+Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelector<ThermophysicalProperties>
+::properties() const
+{
+    return propertiesPtr_();
+}
+
 template<class ThermophysicalProperties>
 inline Foam::scalar
 Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelector<ThermophysicalProperties>::W() const

tutorials/multiphase/compressibleInterFoam/laminar/depthCharge2D/constant/thermophysicalProperties

@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ phases (water air);
 
 pMin        10000;
 
-sigma       0.07;
+sigma
+{
+    type    liquidProperties;
+    phase   water;
+}
 
 // ************************************************************************* //