ENH: Extended spray cone nozzle injection

src/lagrangian/intermediate/submodels/Kinematic/InjectionModel/ConeNozzleInjection/ConeNozzleInjection.C

@@ -30,6 +30,82 @@ License
 
 using namespace Foam::constant;
 
+// * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+template<class CloudType>
+void Foam::ConeNozzleInjection<CloudType>::setInjectionMethod()
+{
+    word injectionMethodType = this->coeffDict().lookup("injectionMethod");
+    if (injectionMethodType == "disc")
+    {
+        injectionMethod_ = imDisc;
+    }
+    else if (injectionMethodType == "point")
+    {
+        injectionMethod_ = imPoint;
+
+        // Set/cache the injector cell
+        this->findCellAtPosition
+        (
+            injectorCell_,
+            tetFaceI_,
+            tetPtI_,
+            position_,
+            false
+        );
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn("Foam::InjectionModel<CloudType>::setInjectionMethod()")
+            << "injectionMethod must be either 'point' or 'disc'"
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+}
+
+
+template<class CloudType>
+void Foam::ConeNozzleInjection<CloudType>::setFlowType()
+{
+    word flowType = this->coeffDict().lookup("flowType");
+    if (flowType == "constantVelocity")
+    {
+        this->coeffDict().lookup("UMag") >> UMag_;
+        flowType_ = ftConstantVelocity;
+    }
+    else if (flowType == "pressureDrivenVelocity")
+    {
+        Pinj_.reset
+        (
+            DataEntry<scalar>::New
+            (
+                "Pinj",
+                this->coeffDict()
+            ).ptr()
+        );
+        flowType_ = ftPressureDrivenVelocity;
+    }
+    else if (flowType == "flowRateAndDischarge")
+    {
+        Cd_.reset
+        (
+            DataEntry<scalar>::New
+            (
+                "Cd",
+                this->coeffDict()
+            ).ptr()
+        );
+        flowType_ = ftFlowRateAndDischarge;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        FatalErrorIn("Foam::InjectionModel<CloudType>::setFlowType()")
+            << "flowType must be either 'constantVelocity', "
+            <<"'pressureDrivenVelocity' or 'flowRateAndDischarge'"
+            << exit(FatalError);
+    }
+}
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 template<class CloudType>
@@ -41,14 +117,9 @@ Foam::ConeNozzleInjection<CloudType>::ConeNozzleInjection
 :
     InjectionModel<CloudType>(dict, owner, typeName),
     injectionMethod_(imPoint),
-    outerNozzleDiameter_
+    flowType_(ftConstantVelocity),
-    (
+    outerDiameter_(readScalar(this->coeffDict().lookup("outerDiameter"))),
-        readScalar(this->coeffDict().lookup("outerNozzleDiameter"))
+    innerDiameter_(readScalar(this->coeffDict().lookup("innerDiameter"))),
-    ),
-    innerNozzleDiameter_
-    (
-        readScalar(this->coeffDict().lookup("innerNozzleDiameter"))
-    ),
     duration_(readScalar(this->coeffDict().lookup("duration"))),
     position_(this->coeffDict().lookup("position")),
     injectorCell_(-1),
@@ -67,14 +138,6 @@ Foam::ConeNozzleInjection<CloudType>::ConeNozzleInjection
             this->coeffDict()
         )
     ),
-    Cd_
-    (
-        DataEntry<scalar>::New
-        (
-            "Cd",
-            this->coeffDict()
-        )
-    ),
     thetaInner_
     (
         DataEntry<scalar>::New
@@ -101,9 +164,13 @@ Foam::ConeNozzleInjection<CloudType>::ConeNozzleInjection
     ),
     tanVec1_(vector::zero),
     tanVec2_(vector::zero),
-    normal_(vector::zero)
+    normal_(vector::zero),
+
+    UMag_(0.0),
+    Cd_(NULL),
+    Pinj_(NULL)
 {
-    if (innerNozzleDiameter_ >= outerNozzleDiameter_)
+    if (innerDiameter_ >= outerDiameter_)
     {
         FatalErrorIn
         (
@@ -116,38 +183,9 @@ Foam::ConeNozzleInjection<CloudType>::ConeNozzleInjection
          << exit(FatalError);
     }
 
-    word injectionMethodType = this->coeffDict().lookup("injectionMethod");
+    setInjectionMethod();
 
-    if (injectionMethodType == "disc")
+    setFlowType();
-    {
-        injectionMethod_ = imDisc;
-    }
-    else if (injectionMethodType == "point")
-    {
-        injectionMethod_ = imPoint;
-
-        // Set/cache the injector cell
-        this->findCellAtPosition
-        (
-            injectorCell_,
-            tetFaceI_,
-            tetPtI_,
-            position_,
-            false
-        );
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        FatalErrorIn
-        (
-            "Foam::InjectionModel<CloudType>::InjectionModel"
-            "("
-                "const dictionary&, "
-                "CloudType&"
-            ")"
-        )<< "injectionMethod must be either 'point' or 'disc'" << nl
-         << exit(FatalError);
-    }
 
     cachedRandom& rndGen = this->owner().rndGen();
 
@@ -182,21 +220,23 @@ Foam::ConeNozzleInjection<CloudType>::ConeNozzleInjection
 :
     InjectionModel<CloudType>(im),
     injectionMethod_(im.injectionMethod_),
-    outerNozzleDiameter_(im.outerNozzleDiameter_),
+    outerDiameter_(im.outerDiameter_),
-    innerNozzleDiameter_(im.innerNozzleDiameter_),
+    innerDiameter_(im.innerDiameter_),
     duration_(im.duration_),
     position_(im.position_),
     injectorCell_(im.injectorCell_),
     direction_(im.direction_),
     parcelsPerSecond_(im.parcelsPerSecond_),
     volumeFlowRate_(im.volumeFlowRate_().clone().ptr()),
-    Cd_(im.Cd_().clone().ptr()),
     thetaInner_(im.thetaInner_().clone().ptr()),
     thetaOuter_(im.thetaOuter_().clone().ptr()),
     sizeDistribution_(im.sizeDistribution_().clone().ptr()),
     tanVec1_(im.tanVec1_),
     tanVec2_(im.tanVec1_),
-    normal_(im.normal_)
+    normal_(im.normal_),
+    UMag_(im.UMag_),
+    Cd_(im.Cd_().clone().ptr()),
+    Pinj_(im.Pinj_().clone().ptr())
 {}
 
 
@@ -283,8 +323,8 @@ void Foam::ConeNozzleInjection<CloudType>::setPositionAndCell
         case imDisc:
         {
             scalar frac = rndGen.sample01<scalar>();
-            scalar dr = outerNozzleDiameter_ - innerNozzleDiameter_;
+            scalar dr = outerDiameter_ - innerDiameter_;
-            scalar r = 0.5*(innerNozzleDiameter_ + frac*dr);
+            scalar r = 0.5*(innerDiameter_ + frac*dr);
             position = position_ + r*normal_;
 
             this->findCellAtPosition
@@ -344,13 +384,38 @@ void Foam::ConeNozzleInjection<CloudType>::setProperties
     dirVec += normal;
     dirVec /= mag(dirVec);
 
-    scalar Ao = 0.25*mathematical::pi*outerNozzleDiameter_*outerNozzleDiameter_;
+    switch (flowType_)
-    scalar Ai = 0.25*mathematical::pi*innerNozzleDiameter_*innerNozzleDiameter_;
+    {
+        case ftConstantVelocity:
+        {
+            parcel.U() = UMag_*dirVec;
+            break;
+        }
+        case ftPressureDrivenVelocity:
+        {
+            scalar pAmbient = this->owner().pAmbient();
+            scalar rho = parcel.rho();
+            scalar UMag = ::sqrt(2.0*(Pinj_().value(t) - pAmbient)/rho);
+            parcel.U() = UMag*dirVec;
+            break;
+        }
+        case ftFlowRateAndDischarge:
+        {
+            scalar Ao = 0.25*mathematical::pi*outerDiameter_*outerDiameter_;
+            scalar Ai = 0.25*mathematical::pi*innerDiameter_*innerDiameter_;
             scalar massFlowRate =
-        this->massTotal()*volumeFlowRate_().value(t)/this->volumeTotal();
+                this->massTotal()
+               *volumeFlowRate_().value(t)
+               /this->volumeTotal();
 
             scalar Umag = massFlowRate/(parcel.rho()*Cd_().value(t)*(Ao - Ai));
             parcel.U() = Umag*dirVec;
+            break;
+        }
+        default:
+        {
+        }
+    }
 
     // set particle diameter
     parcel.d() = sizeDistribution_->sample();

src/lagrangian/intermediate/submodels/Kinematic/InjectionModel/ConeNozzleInjection/ConeNozzleInjection.H

@@ -32,16 +32,18 @@ Description
       - injector position
       - direction (along injection axis)
       - parcel flow rate
-      - discharge coefficient, Cd
       - inner and outer cone angles
 
     - Parcel diameters obtained by size distribution model
 
     - Parcel velocity is calculated as:
 
-        U = V_dot/(A * Cd), where V_dot is the volume flow rate
+        - Constant velocity
-
+            U = <specified by user>
-    Based on the old 'unitInjection' model
+        - Pressure driven velocity
+            U = sqrt(2*(Pinj - Pamb)/rho)
+        - Flow rate and discharge
+            U = V_dot/(A*Cd)
 
 SourceFiles
     ConeNozzleInjection.C
@@ -83,19 +85,30 @@ public:
         imDisc
     };
 
+    //- Flow type enumeration
+    enum flowType
+    {
+        ftConstantVelocity,
+        ftPressureDrivenVelocity,
+        ftFlowRateAndDischarge
+    };
+
 
 private:
 
     // Private data
 
-        //- point/disc injection method
+        //- Point/disc injection method
         injectionMethod injectionMethod_;
 
+        //- Flow type
+        flowType flowType_;
+
         //- Outer nozzle diameter [m]
-        const scalar outerNozzleDiameter_;
+        const scalar outerDiameter_;
 
         //- Inner nozzle diameter [m]
-        const scalar innerNozzleDiameter_;
+        const scalar innerDiameter_;
 
         //- Injection duration [s]
         const scalar duration_;
@@ -121,9 +134,6 @@ private:
         //- Volume flow rate of parcels to introduce relative to SOI [m^3/s]
         const autoPtr<DataEntry<scalar> > volumeFlowRate_;
 
-        //- Discharge coefficient, relative to SOI [m/s]
-        const autoPtr<DataEntry<scalar> > Cd_;
-
         //- Inner cone angle relative to SOI [deg]
         const autoPtr<DataEntry<scalar> > thetaInner_;
 
@@ -146,6 +156,27 @@ private:
             vector normal_;
 
 
+        // Velocity model coefficients
+
+            //- Constant velocity [m/s]
+            scalar UMag_;
+
+            //- Discharge coefficient, relative to SOI [m/s]
+            autoPtr<DataEntry<scalar> > Cd_;
+
+            //- Injection pressure [Pa]
+            autoPtr<DataEntry<scalar> > Pinj_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- Set the injection type
+        void setInjectionMethod();
+
+        //- Set the injection flow type
+        void setFlowType();
+
+
 public:
 
     //- Runtime type information

tutorials/lagrangian/porousExplicitSourceReactingParcelFoam/filter/constant/reactingCloud1Properties

@@ -175,6 +175,18 @@ cloudFunctions
             cycLeft_half1
         );
     }
+
+    facePostProcessing
+    {
+        surfaceFormat   vtk;
+        resetOnWrite    no;
+        log             yes;
+
+        faceZones
+        (
+            cycLeft
+        );
+    }
 }
 
 

tutorials/lagrangian/sprayFoam/aachenBomb/constant/sprayCloudProperties

@@ -112,8 +112,9 @@ subModels
         massTotal       6.0e-6;
         parcelBasisType mass;
         injectionMethod disc;
-        outerNozzleDiameter 1.9e-4;
+        flowType        flowRateAndDischarge;
-        innerNozzleDiameter 0;
+        outerDiameter   1.9e-4;
+        innerDiameter   0;
         duration        1.25e-3;
         position        ( 0 0.0995 0 );
         direction       ( 0 -1 0 );