reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam::IATE: Added phaseChange source

to handle the effect of condensation and evaporation on bubble size

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/phaseSystems/PhaseSystems/ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem/ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem.C

@@ -257,6 +257,73 @@ Foam::ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::massTransfer() const
 }
 
 
+template<class BasePhaseSystem>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::iDmdt
+(
+    const phasePairKey& key
+) const
+{
+    const scalar dmdtSign(Pair<word>::compare(iDmdt_.find(key).key(), key));
+
+    return dmdtSign**iDmdt_[key];
+}
+
+
+template<class BasePhaseSystem>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::iDmdt
+(
+    const Foam::phaseModel& phase
+) const
+{
+    tmp<volScalarField> tiDmdt
+    (
+        new volScalarField
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                IOobject::groupName("iDmdt", phase.name()),
+                this->mesh_.time().timeName(),
+                this->mesh_
+            ),
+            this->mesh_,
+            dimensionedScalar("zero", dimDensity/dimTime, 0)
+        )
+    );
+
+    forAllConstIter
+    (
+        phaseSystem::phasePairTable,
+        this->phasePairs_,
+        phasePairIter
+    )
+    {
+        const phasePair& pair(phasePairIter());
+
+        if (pair.ordered())
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        const phaseModel* phase1 = &pair.phase1();
+        const phaseModel* phase2 = &pair.phase2();
+
+        forAllConstIter(phasePair, pair, iter)
+        {
+            if (phase1 == &phase)
+            {
+                tiDmdt.ref() += this->iDmdt(pair);
+            }
+
+            Swap(phase1, phase2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return tiDmdt;
+}
+
+
 template<class BasePhaseSystem>
 void Foam::ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::correctThermo()
 {
@@ -265,8 +332,6 @@ void Foam::ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::correctThermo()
 
     BasePhaseSystem::correctThermo();
 
-
-
     forAllConstIter
     (
         phaseSystem::phasePairTable,

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/phaseSystems/PhaseSystems/ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem/ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem.H

@@ -101,6 +101,12 @@ public:
         //- Return the mass transfer matrices
         virtual autoPtr<phaseSystem::massTransferTable> massTransfer() const;
 
+        //- Return the interfacial mass flow rate
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> iDmdt(const phasePairKey& key) const;
+
+        //- Return the total interfacial mass transfer rate for phase
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> iDmdt(const phaseModel& phase) const;
+
         //- Correct the thermodynamics
         virtual void correctThermo();
 

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModels/derivedFvPatchFields/alphatWallBoilingWallFunction/alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField.C

@@ -257,10 +257,12 @@ void alphatWallBoilingWallFunctionFvPatchScalarField::updateCoeffs()
     }
 
     // Lookup the fluid model
-    const ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem<MomentumTransferPhaseSystem
+    const ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem
     <
-        twoPhaseSystem>
+        MomentumTransferPhaseSystem
-    >& fluid = refCast
+        <
+            twoPhaseSystem>
+        >& fluid = refCast
         <
             const ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem
             <

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModels/derivedFvPatchFields/wallBoilingSubModels/IATEsource/wallBoiling.C

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::wallBoiling::wallBoiling
 Foam::tmp<Foam::fvScalarMatrix>
 Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::wallBoiling::R
 (
+    const volScalarField& alphai,
     volScalarField& kappai
 ) const
 {
@@ -129,7 +130,8 @@ Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::wallBoiling::R
                 if (dmdt[facei] > SMALL)
                 {
                     const label faceCelli = faceCells[facei];
-                    R[faceCelli] = (dmdt[facei]/rho[faceCelli]);
+                    R[faceCelli] =
+                        dmdt[facei]/(alphai[faceCelli]*rho[faceCelli]);
                     Rdk[faceCelli] = R[faceCelli]*(6.0/dDep[facei]);
                 }
             }

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModels/derivedFvPatchFields/wallBoilingSubModels/IATEsource/wallBoiling.H

@@ -77,7 +77,11 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R(volScalarField& kappai) const;
+        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R
+        (
+            const volScalarField& alphai,
+            volScalarField& kappai
+        ) const;
 };
 
 

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/Make/files

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/IATEsource/IATEsource.C
 diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/wakeEntrainmentCoalescence/wakeEntrainmentCoalescence.C
 diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/turbulentBreakUp/turbulentBreakUp.C
 diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/randomCoalescence/randomCoalescence.C
+diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/phaseChange/phaseChange.C
 
 twoPhaseSystem.C
 newTwoPhaseSystem.C

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATE.C

@@ -118,19 +118,21 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::diameterModels::IATE::dsm() const
 
 void Foam::diameterModels::IATE::correct()
 {
+    volScalarField alphaAv
+    (
+        max
+        (
+            fvc::average(phase_ + phase_.oldTime()),
+            residualAlpha_
+        )
+    );
+
     // Initialise the accumulated source term to the dilatation effect
     fvScalarMatrix R
     (
        -fvm::SuSp
         (
-            (
+            ((1.0/3.0)/alphaAv)
-                (1.0/3.0)
-               /max
-                (
-                    fvc::average(phase_ + phase_.oldTime()),
-                    residualAlpha_
-                )
-            )
            *(
                 fvc::ddt(phase_) + fvc::div(phase_.alphaPhi())
               - phase_.continuityError()/phase_.rho()
@@ -142,7 +144,7 @@ void Foam::diameterModels::IATE::correct()
     // Accumulate the run-time selectable sources
     forAll(sources_, j)
     {
-        R += sources_[j].R(kappai_);
+        R += sources_[j].R(alphaAv, kappai_);
     }
 
     fv::options& fvOptions(fv::options::New(phase_.mesh()));

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/IATEsource/IATEsource.H

@@ -177,7 +177,11 @@ public:
         //- Return the bubble Webber number
         tmp<volScalarField> We() const;
 
-        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R(volScalarField& kappai) const = 0;
+        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R
+        (
+            const volScalarField& alphai,
+            volScalarField& kappai
+        ) const = 0;
 };
 
 

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/dummy/dummy.C

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2013-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2013-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -43,23 +43,26 @@ namespace IATEsources
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::tmp<Foam::fvScalarMatrix>
-Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::dummy::R() const
+Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::dummy::R
+(
+    const volScalarField& alphai,
+    volScalarField& kappai
+) const
 {
-    return tmp<volScalarField>
+    volScalarField::Internal R
     (
-        new volScalarField
+        IOobject
         (
-            IOobject
+            "dummy:R",
-            (
+            iate_.phase().time().timeName(),
-                "R",
+            iate_.phase().mesh()
-                iate_.phase().U().time().timeName(),
+        ),
-                iate_.phase().mesh()
+        iate_.phase().mesh(),
-            ),
+        dimensionedScalar("R", kappai.dimensions()/dimTime, 0)
-            iate_.phase().U().mesh(),
-            dimensionedScalar("R", dimless/dimTime, 0)
-        )
     );
+
+    return fvm::Su(R, kappai);
 }
 
 

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/dummy/dummy.H

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   =========                 |
   \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
    \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2013-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2013-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
@@ -79,7 +79,11 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> R() const;
+        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R
+        (
+            const volScalarField& alphai,
+            volScalarField& kappai
+        ) const;
 };
 
 

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/phaseChange/phaseChange.C

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "phaseChange.H"
+#include "twoPhaseSystem.H"
+#include "phaseSystem.H"
+#include "ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem.H"
+#include "MomentumTransferPhaseSystem.H"
+#include "fvmSup.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace diameterModels
+{
+namespace IATEsources
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(phaseChange, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(IATEsource, phaseChange, dictionary);
+}
+}
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::phaseChange::phaseChange
+(
+    const IATE& iate,
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+:
+    IATEsource(iate)
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::fvScalarMatrix>
+Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::phaseChange::R
+(
+    const volScalarField& alphai,
+    volScalarField& kappai
+) const
+{
+    const ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem
+    <
+        MomentumTransferPhaseSystem
+        <
+            twoPhaseSystem
+        >
+    >& phaseChangeFluid = refCast
+    <
+        const ThermalPhaseChangePhaseSystem
+        <
+            MomentumTransferPhaseSystem<twoPhaseSystem>
+        >
+    >(fluid());
+
+    return -fvm::SuSp
+    (
+        (1.0/3.0)
+       *phaseChangeFluid.iDmdt(phase())()()
+       /(alphai()*phase().rho()()),
+        kappai
+    );
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/phaseChange/phaseChange.H

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::phaseChange
+
+Description
+    Phase-change IATE source.
+
+SourceFiles
+    phaseChange.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef phaseChange_H
+#define phaseChange_H
+
+#include "IATEsource.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace diameterModels
+{
+namespace IATEsources
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                           Class phaseChange Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class phaseChange
+:
+    public IATEsource
+{
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("phaseChange");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        phaseChange
+        (
+            const IATE& iate,
+            const dictionary& dict
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~phaseChange()
+    {}
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R
+        (
+            const volScalarField& alphai,
+            volScalarField& kappai
+        ) const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace IATEsources
+} // End namespace diameterModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/randomCoalescence/randomCoalescence.C

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ randomCoalescence
 Foam::tmp<Foam::fvScalarMatrix>
 Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::randomCoalescence::R
 (
+    const volScalarField& alphai,
     volScalarField& kappai
 ) const
 {

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/randomCoalescence/randomCoalescence.H

@@ -89,7 +89,11 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R(volScalarField& kappai) const;
+        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R
+        (
+            const volScalarField& alphai,
+            volScalarField& kappai
+        ) const;
 };
 
 

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/turbulentBreakUp/turbulentBreakUp.C

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ turbulentBreakUp
 Foam::tmp<Foam::fvScalarMatrix>
 Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::turbulentBreakUp::R
 (
+    const volScalarField& alphai,
     volScalarField& kappai
 ) const
 {

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/turbulentBreakUp/turbulentBreakUp.H

@@ -87,7 +87,11 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R(volScalarField& kappai) const;
+        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R
+        (
+            const volScalarField& alphai,
+            volScalarField& kappai
+        ) const;
 };
 
 

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/wakeEntrainmentCoalescence/wakeEntrainmentCoalescence.C

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ wakeEntrainmentCoalescence
 Foam::tmp<Foam::fvScalarMatrix>
 Foam::diameterModels::IATEsources::wakeEntrainmentCoalescence::R
 (
+    const volScalarField& alphai,
     volScalarField& kappai
 ) const
 {

applications/solvers/multiphase/reactingEulerFoam/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/twoPhaseSystem/diameterModels/IATE/IATEsources/wakeEntrainmentCoalescence/wakeEntrainmentCoalescence.H

@@ -86,7 +86,11 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R(volScalarField& kappai) const;
+        virtual tmp<fvScalarMatrix> R
+        (
+            const volScalarField& alphai,
+            volScalarField& kappai
+        ) const;
 };
 
 

tutorials/multiphase/reactingTwoPhaseEulerFoam/RAS/wallBoilingIATE/constant/phaseProperties

@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ gas
                 WeCr        6;
             }
 
+            phaseChange
+            {}
+
             wallBoiling
             {}
         );