ENH: simpler mechanical or thermal use of solidProperties

- in some shell models, only the mechanical properties (rho,E,nu) are
  meaningful or just the basic thermal properties
  (rho,Cp,kappa,emissivity).

  Add a distinction when reading the dictionary entries
  if those properties are mandatory and the thermo properties
  (eg, molWt, Cp, etc) are optional or not.

  This simplifies user input for thermal and vibration shell models.

src/regionFaModels/thermalShell/thermalShell.C

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2019-2023 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2019-2025 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -124,7 +124,8 @@ thermalShell::thermalShell
 :
     thermalShellModel(modelType, mesh, dict),
     nNonOrthCorr_(1),
-    thermo_(dict.subDict("thermo")),
+    // Only need/want thermal solid properties
+    thermo_(dict.subDict("thermo"), solidProperties::THERMAL),
     qs_
     (
         IOobject

src/regionFaModels/thermalShellModel/thermalShellModel.H

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2019-2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2019-2025 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ protected:
         //- Name of the temperature field
         word TName_;
 
-        //- Primary region temperature
+        //- Primary (volume) region temperature
         const volScalarField& Tp_;
 
         //- Shell temperature
@@ -157,31 +157,20 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        // Access
+        //- Return primary (volume) region temperature
+        const volScalarField& Tp() const noexcept { return Tp_; }
 
-            //- Return primary region temperature
+        //- Return shell temperature
-            const volScalarField& Tp() const noexcept
+        const areaScalarField& T() const noexcept { return T_; }
-            {
-                return Tp_;
-            }
 
-            //- Return shell temperature
+        //- Return faOptions
-            const areaScalarField& T() const noexcept
+        Foam::fa::options& faOptions() noexcept { return faOptions_; }
-            {
-                return T_;
-            }
-
-            //- Return faOptions
-            Foam::fa::options& faOptions() noexcept
-            {
-                return faOptions_;
-            }
 
 
-        // Evolution
+    // Evolution
 
-            //- Pre-evolve region
+        //- Pre-evolve region
-            virtual void preEvolveRegion();
+        virtual void preEvolveRegion();
 };
 
 

src/regionFaModels/vibrationShellModel/vibrationShellModel.C

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2019-2023 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2019-2025 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ vibrationShellModel::vibrationShellModel
         regionMesh(),
         dimensionedScalar(dimAcceleration, Zero)
     ),
-    solid_(dict.subDict("solid")),
+    // Only need/want mechanical solid properties
+    solid_(dict.subDict("solid"), solidProperties::MECHANICAL),
     pName_(dict.get<word>("p")),
     pa_(mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>(pName_)),
     faOptions_(Foam::fa::options::New(mesh))

src/regionFaModels/vibrationShellModel/vibrationShellModel.H

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2019-2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2019-2025 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -167,43 +167,26 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        // Access
+       //- Return primary region pa
+       const volScalarField& pa() const noexcept { return pa_; }
 
-            //- Return primary region pa
+       //- Return shell displacement
-            const volScalarField& pa() const noexcept
+       const areaScalarField& w() const noexcept { return w_; }
-            {
-                return pa_;
-            }
 
-            //- Return shell displacement
+       //- Return shell acceleration
-            const areaScalarField& w() const noexcept
+       const areaScalarField& a() const noexcept { return a_; }
-            {
-                return w_;
-            }
 
-            //- Return shell acceleration
+       //- Return faOptions
-            const areaScalarField& a() const noexcept
+       Foam::fa::options& faOptions() noexcept { return faOptions_; }
-            {
-                return a_;
-            }
 
-            //- Return faOptions
+       //- Return solid properties
-            Foam::fa::options& faOptions() noexcept
+       const solidProperties& solid() const noexcept { return solid_; }
-            {
-                return faOptions_;
-            }
-
-            //- Return solid properties
-            const solidProperties& solid() const noexcept
-            {
-                return solid_;
-            }
 
 
-        // Evolution
+   // Evolution
 
-            //- Pre-evolve region
+       //- Pre-evolve region
-            virtual void preEvolveRegion();
+       virtual void preEvolveRegion();
 };
 
 

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/solidProperties/C/C.C

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::C::C()
+Foam::C::C() noexcept
 :
     solidProperties(2010, 710, 0.04, 0.0, 1.0, 12.011, 0.0, 0.0)
 {

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/solidProperties/C/C.H

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ SourceFiles
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef solid_C_H
+#ifndef Foam_solid_C_H
-#define solid_C_H
+#define Foam_solid_C_H
 
 #include "solidProperties.H"
 
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ class C
 :
     public solidProperties
 {
-
 public:
 
     //- Runtime type information
@@ -61,11 +60,11 @@ public:
 
     // Constructors
 
-        //- Construct null
+        //- Default construct
-        C();
+        C() noexcept;
 
         //- Construct from dictionary
-        C(const dictionary& dict);
+        explicit C(const dictionary& dict);
 
         //- Return a clone
         virtual autoPtr<solidProperties> clone() const

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/solidProperties/CaCO3/CaCO3.C

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::CaCO3::CaCO3()
+Foam::CaCO3::CaCO3() noexcept
 :
     solidProperties(2710, 850, 1.3, 0.0, 1.0, 100.086, 0.0, 0.0)
 {

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/solidProperties/CaCO3/CaCO3.H

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ SourceFiles
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef solid_CaCO3_H
+#ifndef Foam_solid_CaCO3_H
-#define solid_CaCO3_H
+#define Foam_solid_CaCO3_H
 
 #include "solidProperties.H"
 
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ class CaCO3
 :
     public solidProperties
 {
-
 public:
 
     //- Runtime type information
@@ -61,11 +60,11 @@ public:
 
     // Constructors
 
-        //- Construct null
+        //- Default construct
-        CaCO3();
+        CaCO3() noexcept;
 
         //- Construct from dictionary
-        CaCO3(const dictionary& dict);
+        explicit CaCO3(const dictionary& dict);
 
         //- Return a clone
         virtual autoPtr<solidProperties> clone() const

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/solidProperties/ash/ash.C

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-Foam::ash::ash()
+Foam::ash::ash() noexcept
 :
     solidProperties(2010, 710, 0.04, 0.0, 1.0, 12.011, 0.0, 0.0)
 {

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/solidProperties/ash/ash.H

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ SourceFiles
 
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#ifndef solid_ash_H
+#ifndef Foam_solid_ash_H
-#define solid_ash_H
+#define Foam_solid_ash_H
 
 #include "solidProperties.H"
 
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ class ash
 :
     public solidProperties
 {
-
 public:
 
     //- Runtime type information
@@ -61,8 +60,8 @@ public:
 
     // Constructors
 
-        //- Construct null
+        //- Default construct
-        ash();
+        ash() noexcept;
 
         //- Construct from dictionary
         ash(const dictionary& dict);

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/solidProperties/solidProperties/solidProperties.C

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
-    Copyright (C) 2018-2020 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2018-2025 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -40,6 +40,19 @@ namespace Foam
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
+Foam::solidProperties::solidProperties() noexcept
+:
+    rho_(0),
+    Cp_(0),
+    kappa_(0),
+    Hf_(0),
+    emissivity_(0),
+    W_(0),
+    nu_(0),
+    E_(0)
+{}
+
+
 Foam::solidProperties::solidProperties
 (
     scalar rho,
@@ -50,7 +63,7 @@ Foam::solidProperties::solidProperties
     scalar W,
     scalar nu,
     scalar E
-)
+) noexcept
 :
     rho_(rho),
     Cp_(Cp),
@@ -71,9 +84,76 @@ Foam::solidProperties::solidProperties(const dictionary& dict)
     Hf_(dict.get<scalar>("Hf")),
     emissivity_(dict.get<scalar>("emissivity")),
     W_(dict.get<scalar>("W")),
-    nu_(dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("nu", 0.0)),
+    nu_(0),
-    E_(dict.getOrDefault<scalar>("E", 0.0))
+    E_(0)
-{}
+{
+    // Mechanical properties: optional
+    dict.readIfPresent("nu", nu_);
+    dict.readIfPresent("E", E_);
+}
+
+
+Foam::solidProperties::solidProperties
+(
+    const dictionary& dict,
+    solidProperties::categories category
+)
+:
+    solidProperties()
+{
+    // Everyone gets density
+    rho_ = dict.get<scalar>("rho");
+
+    // Heat of formation, molecular weight
+    if (category == categories::REGULAR)
+    {
+        Hf_ = dict.get<scalar>("Hf");
+        W_ = dict.get<scalar>("W");
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // Optional if thermal or mechanical only
+        dict.readIfPresent("Hf", Hf_);
+        dict.readIfPresent("W", W_);
+    }
+
+    // Thermal properties
+    if
+    (
+        (category == categories::REGULAR)
+     || (category & categories::THERMAL)
+    )
+    {
+        Cp_ = dict.get<scalar>("Cp");
+        kappa_ = dict.getCompat<scalar>("kappa", {{"K", 1612}});
+
+        // Also handle emissivity as mandatory
+        emissivity_ = dict.get<scalar>("emissivity");
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // Optional if mechanical only
+        dict.readIfPresent("Cp", Cp_);
+        dict.readIfPresentCompat("kappa", {{"K", 1612}}, kappa_);
+        dict.readIfPresent("emissivity", emissivity_);
+    }
+
+    // Mechanical properties
+    if
+    (
+        (category != categories::REGULAR)
+     && (category & categories::MECHANICAL)
+    )
+    {
+        nu_ = dict.get<scalar>("nu");
+        E_ = dict.get<scalar>("E");
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        dict.readIfPresent("nu", nu_);
+        dict.readIfPresent("E", E_);
+    }
+}
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/solidProperties/solidProperties/solidProperties.H

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
-    Copyright (C) 2018-2024 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2018-2025 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Class
     Foam::solidProperties
 
 Description
-    The thermophysical properties of a solid
+    The thermophysical, mechanical properties of a solid
 
 SourceFiles
     solidProperties.C
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class solidProperties
         //- Molar weight [Kg/Kmol]
         scalar W_;
 
-        //- Poisson ration
+        //- Poisson ratio
         scalar nu_;
 
         //- Young Modulus [N/m2]
@@ -83,6 +83,21 @@ class solidProperties
 
 public:
 
+    // Public Data Types
+
+        //- Simple categories of solid properties.
+        //  Can be leveraged eg, for mechanical-only vs thermal-only etc
+        enum categories
+        {
+            //! Needs mechanical only [E, nu]
+            MECHANICAL = (1),
+            //! Needs thermal only [Cp, kappa, emissivity?]
+            THERMAL = (2),
+            //! thermal: mandatory, mechanical: optional
+            REGULAR = 0xFF
+        };
+
+
     //- Runtime type information
     TypeName("solid");
 
@@ -110,6 +125,9 @@ public:
 
     // Constructors
 
+        //- Default construct
+        solidProperties() noexcept;
+
         //- Construct from components
         solidProperties
         (
@@ -121,10 +139,14 @@ public:
             scalar W,
             scalar nu,
             scalar E
-        );
+        ) noexcept;
 
         //- Construct from dictionary
-        solidProperties(const dictionary& dict);
+        explicit solidProperties(const dictionary& dict);
+
+        //- Construct from dictionary with category-specific handling
+        solidProperties(const dictionary& dict, categories category);
+
 
         //- Construct and return clone
         virtual autoPtr<solidProperties> clone() const
@@ -157,32 +179,32 @@ public:
 
         // Physical constants which define the solidProperties
 
-            //- Density [kg/m3]
+        //- Density [kg/m3]
-            inline scalar rho() const;
+        scalar rho() const noexcept { return rho_; }
 
-            //- Specific heat capacity [J/(kg.K)]
+        //- Specific heat capacity [J/(kg.K)]
-            inline scalar Cp() const;
+        scalar Cp() const { return Cp_; }
 
-            //- Thermal conductivity [W/(m.K)]
+        //- Thermal conductivity [W/(m.K)]
-            inline scalar kappa() const;
+        scalar kappa() const noexcept { return kappa_; }
 
-            //- Heat of formation [J/kg]
+        //- Heat of formation [J/kg]
-            inline scalar Hf() const;
+        scalar Hf() const noexcept { return Hf_; }
 
-            //- Sensible enthalpy - reference to Tstd [J/kg]
+        //- Sensible enthalpy - reference to Tstd [J/kg]
-            inline scalar Hs(const scalar T) const;
+        inline scalar Hs(const scalar T) const;
 
-            //- Emissivity []
+        //- Emissivity []
-            inline scalar emissivity() const;
+        scalar emissivity() const noexcept { return emissivity_;}
 
-            //- Molar weight [Kg/Kmol]
+        //- Molar weight [Kg/Kmol]
-            inline scalar W() const;
+        scalar W() const noexcept { return W_; }
 
-            //- Poissons
+        //- Poisson ratio
-            inline scalar nu() const;
+        scalar nu() const noexcept { return nu_; }
 
-            //- Young modulus [N/m2]
+        //- Young modulus [N/m2]
-            inline scalar E() const;
+        scalar E() const noexcept { return E_; }
 
 
     // I-O

src/thermophysicalModels/thermophysicalProperties/solidProperties/solidProperties/solidPropertiesI.H

@@ -30,58 +30,10 @@ License
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
-inline Foam::scalar Foam::solidProperties::rho() const
-{
-    return rho_;
-}
-
-
-inline Foam::scalar Foam::solidProperties::Cp() const
-{
-    return Cp_;
-}
-
-
-inline Foam::scalar Foam::solidProperties::kappa() const
-{
-    return kappa_;
-}
-
-
-inline Foam::scalar Foam::solidProperties::Hf() const
-{
-    return Hf_;
-}
-
-
 inline Foam::scalar Foam::solidProperties::Hs(const scalar T) const
 {
     return Cp_*(T - Tstd);
 }
 
 
-inline Foam::scalar Foam::solidProperties::emissivity() const
-{
-    return emissivity_;
-}
-
-
-inline Foam::scalar Foam::solidProperties::W() const
-{
-    return W_;
-}
-
-
-inline Foam::scalar Foam::solidProperties::nu() const
-{
-    return nu_;
-}
-
-
-inline Foam::scalar Foam::solidProperties::E() const
-{
-    return E_;
-}
-
-
 // ************************************************************************* //

tutorials/compressible/acousticFoam/obliqueAirJet/main/0.orig/pa

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
 | =========                 |                                                 |
 | \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
-|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2506                                 |
+|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2512                                 |
 |   \\  /    A nd           | Website:  www.openfoam.com                      |
 |    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
@@ -29,22 +29,16 @@ boundaryField
 
     window
     {
-        type                vibrationShell;
+        type            vibrationShell;
-        active              true;
+        active          true;
-        p                   pa;
+        p               pa;
 
         solid
         {
-            W                   20; //Not used
+            // Mechanical properties
-            rho                 2500;
+            rho     2500;
-
+            E       7e10;
-            kappa               200;
+            nu      0.22;
-            Cp                  600;
-            Hf                  0;
-            emissivity          0;
-
-            E                   7e10;
-            nu                  0.22;
         }
 
         region                vibrationShell;
@@ -55,7 +49,7 @@ boundaryField
         f2             0;
 
         value          $internalField;
-   }
+    }
 
     wall
     {

tutorials/heatTransfer/buoyantPimpleFoam/hotRoomWithThermalShell/0/T

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*--------------------------------*- C++ -*----------------------------------*\
 | =========                 |                                                 |
 | \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox           |
-|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2506                                 |
+|  \\    /   O peration     | Version:  v2512                                 |
 |   \\  /    A nd           | Website:  www.openfoam.com                      |
 |    \\/     M anipulation  |                                                 |
 \*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
@@ -34,11 +34,10 @@ boundaryField
 
         thermo
         {
-            W               50;
+            // Thermal properties
             rho             1000;
             kappa           200;
             Cp              600;
-            Hf              0;
             emissivity      0;
         }