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https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam.git
synced 2025-11-28 03:28:01 +00:00
twoPhaseEulerFoam: Added experimental face-based momentum equation formulation
This formulation provides C-grid like pressure-flux staggering on an
unstructured mesh which is hugely beneficial for Euler-Euler multiphase
equations as it allows for all forces to be treated in a consistent
manner on the cell-faces which provides better balance, stability and
accuracy. However, to achieve face-force consistency the momentum
transport terms must be interpolated to the faces reducing accuracy of
this part of the system but this is offset by the increase in accuracy
of the force-balance.
Currently it is not clear if this face-based momentum equation
formulation is preferable for all Euler-Euler simulations so I have
included it on a switch to allow evaluation and comparison with the
previous cell-based formulation. To try the new algorithm simply switch
it on, e.g.:
PIMPLE
{
nOuterCorrectors 3;
nCorrectors 1;
nNonOrthogonalCorrectors 0;
faceMomentum yes;
}
It is proving particularly good for bubbly flows, eliminating the
staggering patterns often seen in the air velocity field with the
previous algorithm, removing other spurious numerical artifacts in the
velocity fields and improving stability and allowing larger time-steps
For particle-gas flows the advantage is noticeable but not nearly as
pronounced as in the bubbly flow cases.
Please test the new algorithm on your cases and provide feedback.
Henry G. Weller
CFD Direct
This commit is contained in:
Henry
@ -25,14 +25,15 @@ License
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#include "BlendedInterfacialModel.H"
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#include "fixedValueFvsPatchFields.H"
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#include "surfaceInterpolate.H"
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * //
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template<class modelType>
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template<class Type>
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template<class GeometricField>
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void Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::correctFixedFluxBCs
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(
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GeometricField<Type, fvPatchField, volMesh>& field
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GeometricField& field
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) const
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{
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forAll(pair_.phase1().phi().boundaryField(), patchI)
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@ -45,7 +46,8 @@ void Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::correctFixedFluxBCs
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)
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)
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{
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field.boundaryField()[patchI] = pTraits<Type>::zero;
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field.boundaryField()[patchI]
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= pTraits<typename GeometricField::value_type>::zero;
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}
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}
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}
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@ -139,9 +141,12 @@ Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::K() const
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(
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IOobject
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(
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modelType::typeName + "Coeff",
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modelType::typeName + ":K",
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pair_.phase1().mesh().time().timeName(),
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pair_.phase1().mesh()
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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IOobject::NO_READ,
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IOobject::NO_WRITE,
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false
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),
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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dimensionedScalar("zero", modelType::dimK, 0)
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@ -176,6 +181,74 @@ Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::K() const
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}
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template<class modelType>
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Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
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Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::Kf() const
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{
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tmp<surfaceScalarField> f1, f2;
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if (model_.valid() || model1In2_.valid())
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{
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f1 = fvc::interpolate
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(
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blending_.f1(pair1In2_.dispersed(), pair2In1_.dispersed())
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);
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}
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if (model_.valid() || model2In1_.valid())
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{
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f2 = fvc::interpolate
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(
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blending_.f2(pair1In2_.dispersed(), pair2In1_.dispersed())
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);
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}
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tmp<surfaceScalarField> x
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(
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new surfaceScalarField
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(
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IOobject
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(
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modelType::typeName + ":Kf",
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pair_.phase1().mesh().time().timeName(),
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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IOobject::NO_READ,
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IOobject::NO_WRITE,
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false
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),
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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dimensionedScalar("zero", modelType::dimK, 0)
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)
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);
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if (model_.valid())
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{
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x() += model_->Kf()*(f1() - f2());
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}
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if (model1In2_.valid())
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{
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x() += model1In2_->Kf()*(1 - f1);
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}
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if (model2In1_.valid())
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{
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x() += model2In1_->Kf()*f2;
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}
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if
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(
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correctFixedFluxBCs_
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&& (model_.valid() || model1In2_.valid() || model2In1_.valid())
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)
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{
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correctFixedFluxBCs(x());
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}
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return x;
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}
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template<class modelType>
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template<class Type>
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Foam::tmp<Foam::GeometricField<Type, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh> >
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@ -199,9 +272,12 @@ Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::F() const
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(
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IOobject
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(
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modelType::typeName + "Coeff",
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modelType::typeName + ":F",
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pair_.phase1().mesh().time().timeName(),
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pair_.phase1().mesh()
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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IOobject::NO_READ,
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IOobject::NO_WRITE,
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false
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),
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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dimensioned<Type>("zero", modelType::dimF, pTraits<Type>::zero)
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@ -236,6 +312,74 @@ Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::F() const
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}
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template<class modelType>
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Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField>
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Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::Ff() const
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{
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tmp<surfaceScalarField> f1, f2;
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if (model_.valid() || model1In2_.valid())
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{
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f1 = fvc::interpolate
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(
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blending_.f1(pair1In2_.dispersed(), pair2In1_.dispersed())
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);
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}
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if (model_.valid() || model2In1_.valid())
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{
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f2 = fvc::interpolate
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(
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blending_.f2(pair1In2_.dispersed(), pair2In1_.dispersed())
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);
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}
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tmp<surfaceScalarField> x
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(
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new surfaceScalarField
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(
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IOobject
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(
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modelType::typeName + ":Ff",
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pair_.phase1().mesh().time().timeName(),
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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IOobject::NO_READ,
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IOobject::NO_WRITE,
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false
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),
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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dimensionedScalar("zero", modelType::dimF*dimArea, 0)
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)
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);
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if (model_.valid())
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{
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x() += model_->Ff()*(f1() - f2());
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}
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if (model1In2_.valid())
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{
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x() += model1In2_->Ff()*(1 - f1);
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}
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if (model2In1_.valid())
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{
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x() -= model2In1_->Ff()*f2; // note : subtraction
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}
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if
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(
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correctFixedFluxBCs_
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&& (model_.valid() || model1In2_.valid() || model2In1_.valid())
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)
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{
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correctFixedFluxBCs(x());
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}
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return x;
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}
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template<class modelType>
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
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Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::D() const
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@ -258,9 +402,12 @@ Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::D() const
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(
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IOobject
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(
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modelType::typeName + "Coeff",
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modelType::typeName + ":D",
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pair_.phase1().mesh().time().timeName(),
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pair_.phase1().mesh()
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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IOobject::NO_READ,
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IOobject::NO_WRITE,
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false
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),
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pair_.phase1().mesh(),
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dimensionedScalar("zero", modelType::dimD, 0)
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@ -295,6 +442,19 @@ Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::D() const
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}
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template<class modelType>
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bool Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::hasModel
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(
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const class phaseModel& phase
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) const
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{
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return
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&phase == &(pair_.phase1())
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? model1In2_.valid()
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: model2In1_.valid();
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}
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template<class modelType>
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const modelType& Foam::BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>::phaseModel
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(
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@ -88,11 +88,8 @@ class BlendedInterfacialModel
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void operator=(const BlendedInterfacialModel<modelType>&);
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//- Correct coeff/value on fixed flux boundary conditions
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template<class Type>
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void correctFixedFluxBCs
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(
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GeometricField<Type, fvPatchField, volMesh>& field
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) const;
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template<class GeometricField>
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void correctFixedFluxBCs(GeometricField& field) const;
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public:
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@ -117,18 +114,27 @@ public:
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// Member Functions
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//- Return true if a model is specified for the supplied phase
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bool hasModel(const phaseModel& phase) const;
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//- Return the model for the supplied phase
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const modelType& phaseModel(const phaseModel& phase) const;
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//- Return the blended force coefficient
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tmp<volScalarField> K() const;
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//- Return the face blended force coefficient
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tmp<surfaceScalarField> Kf() const;
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//- Return the blended force
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template<class Type>
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tmp<GeometricField<Type, fvPatchField, volMesh> > F() const;
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//- Return the face blended force
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tmp<surfaceScalarField> Ff() const;
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//- Return the blended diffusivity
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tmp<volScalarField> D() const;
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//- Return the model for the supplied phase
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const modelType& phaseModel(const phaseModel& phase) const;
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};
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@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ License
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#include "twoPhaseSystem.H"
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#include "PhaseCompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
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#include "BlendedInterfacialModel.H"
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#include "dragModel.H"
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#include "virtualMassModel.H"
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#include "heatTransferModel.H"
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#include "liftModel.H"
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@ -48,6 +47,15 @@ License
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#include "blendingMethod.H"
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#include "HashPtrTable.H"
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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Foam::dimensionedScalar Foam::twoPhaseSystem::zeroResidualAlpha_
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(
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"zeroResidualAlpha", dimless, 0
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);
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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Foam::twoPhaseSystem::twoPhaseSystem
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@ -299,46 +307,49 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::calcPhi() const
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}
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::dragCoeff() const
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Kd() const
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{
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return drag_->K();
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}
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::virtualMassCoeff() const
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Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Kdf() const
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{
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return drag_->Kf();
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}
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Vm() const
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{
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return virtualMass_->K();
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}
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::heatTransferCoeff() const
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Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Vmf() const
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{
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return virtualMass_->Kf();
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}
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Kh() const
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{
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return heatTransfer_->K();
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}
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volVectorField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::liftForce() const
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volVectorField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::F() const
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{
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return lift_->F<vector>();
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return lift_->F<vector>() + wallLubrication_->F<vector>();
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}
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volVectorField>
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Foam::twoPhaseSystem::wallLubricationForce() const
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Foam::tmp<Foam::surfaceScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::Ff() const
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{
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return wallLubrication_->F<vector>();
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return lift_->Ff() + wallLubrication_->Ff();
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}
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volVectorField>
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Foam::twoPhaseSystem::turbulentDispersionForce() const
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{
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return turbulentDispersion_->F<vector>();
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}
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
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Foam::twoPhaseSystem::turbulentDiffusivity() const
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::twoPhaseSystem::D() const
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{
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return turbulentDispersion_->D();
|
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}
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@ -354,6 +365,13 @@ void Foam::twoPhaseSystem::solve()
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const surfaceScalarField& phi1 = phase1_.phi();
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const surfaceScalarField& phi2 = phase2_.phi();
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|
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Switch faceMomentum
|
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(
|
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//pimple.dict().lookupOrDefault<Switch>("faceMomentum", false)
|
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mesh_.solutionDict().subDict("PIMPLE")
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.lookupOrDefault<Switch>("faceMomentum", false)
|
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);
|
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const dictionary& alphaControls = mesh_.solverDict
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(
|
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alpha1.name()
|
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@ -381,18 +399,40 @@ void Foam::twoPhaseSystem::solve()
|
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|
||||
if (implicitPhasePressure)
|
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{
|
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const volScalarField& rAU1 = mesh_.lookupObject<volScalarField>
|
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(
|
||||
IOobject::groupName("rAU", phase1_.name())
|
||||
);
|
||||
const volScalarField& rAU2 = mesh_.lookupObject<volScalarField>
|
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(
|
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IOobject::groupName("rAU", phase2_.name())
|
||||
);
|
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if (faceMomentum)
|
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{
|
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const surfaceScalarField& rAU1f =
|
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mesh_.lookupObject<surfaceScalarField>
|
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(
|
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IOobject::groupName("rAUf", phase1_.name())
|
||||
);
|
||||
const surfaceScalarField& rAU2f =
|
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mesh_.lookupObject<surfaceScalarField>
|
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(
|
||||
IOobject::groupName("rAUf", phase2_.name())
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
pPrimeByA =
|
||||
fvc::interpolate(rAU1*phase1_.turbulence().pPrime())
|
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+ fvc::interpolate(rAU2*phase2_.turbulence().pPrime());
|
||||
volScalarField D(this->D());
|
||||
|
||||
pPrimeByA =
|
||||
rAU1f*fvc::interpolate(D + phase1_.turbulence().pPrime())
|
||||
+ rAU2f*fvc::interpolate(D + phase2_.turbulence().pPrime());
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
const volScalarField& rAU1 = mesh_.lookupObject<volScalarField>
|
||||
(
|
||||
IOobject::groupName("rAU", phase1_.name())
|
||||
);
|
||||
const volScalarField& rAU2 = mesh_.lookupObject<volScalarField>
|
||||
(
|
||||
IOobject::groupName("rAU", phase2_.name())
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
pPrimeByA =
|
||||
fvc::interpolate(rAU1*phase1_.turbulence().pPrime())
|
||||
+ fvc::interpolate(rAU2*phase2_.turbulence().pPrime());
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
surfaceScalarField phiP
|
||||
(
|
||||
@ -596,8 +636,21 @@ bool Foam::twoPhaseSystem::read()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
const Foam::dragModel&
|
||||
Foam::twoPhaseSystem::drag(const phaseModel& phase) const
|
||||
const Foam::dimensionedScalar&
|
||||
Foam::twoPhaseSystem::residualAlpha(const phaseModel& phase) const
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (drag_->hasModel(phase))
|
||||
{
|
||||
return drag_->phaseModel(phase).residualAlpha();
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
{
|
||||
return zeroResidualAlpha_;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
const Foam::dragModel& Foam::twoPhaseSystem::drag(const phaseModel& phase) const
|
||||
{
|
||||
return drag_->phaseModel(phase);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ SourceFiles
|
||||
#include "orderedPhasePair.H"
|
||||
#include "volFields.H"
|
||||
#include "surfaceFields.H"
|
||||
#include "dragModel.H"
|
||||
|
||||
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
|
||||
|
||||
namespace Foam
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
class dragModel;
|
||||
class virtualMassModel;
|
||||
class heatTransferModel;
|
||||
class liftModel;
|
||||
@ -113,6 +113,9 @@ class twoPhaseSystem
|
||||
autoPtr<BlendedInterfacialModel<turbulentDispersionModel> >
|
||||
turbulentDispersion_;
|
||||
|
||||
//-
|
||||
static dimensionedScalar zeroResidualAlpha_;
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
// Private member functions
|
||||
|
||||
@ -141,26 +144,29 @@ public:
|
||||
tmp<volVectorField> U() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the drag coefficient
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> dragCoeff() const;
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> Kd() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the face drag coefficient
|
||||
tmp<surfaceScalarField> Kdf() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the virtual mass coefficient
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> virtualMassCoeff() const;
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> Vm() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the face virtual mass coefficient
|
||||
tmp<surfaceScalarField> Vmf() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the heat transfer coefficient
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> heatTransferCoeff() const;
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> Kh() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the lift force
|
||||
tmp<volVectorField> liftForce() const;
|
||||
//- Return the combined force (lift + wall-lubrication)
|
||||
tmp<volVectorField> F() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the wall lubrication force
|
||||
tmp<volVectorField> wallLubricationForce() const;
|
||||
//- Return the combined face-force (lift + wall-lubrication)
|
||||
tmp<surfaceScalarField> Ff() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the turbulent diffusivity
|
||||
// Multiplies the phase-fraction gradient
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> turbulentDiffusivity() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the turbulent dispersion force
|
||||
tmp<volVectorField> turbulentDispersionForce() const;
|
||||
tmp<volScalarField> D() const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Solve for the two-phase-fractions
|
||||
void solve();
|
||||
@ -176,10 +182,17 @@ public:
|
||||
|
||||
// Access
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the drag model for the supplied phase
|
||||
//- Return the residual phase-fraction for given phase
|
||||
// Used to stabilize the phase momentum as the phase-fraction -> 0
|
||||
const dimensionedScalar& residualAlpha
|
||||
(
|
||||
const phaseModel& phase
|
||||
) const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the drag model for the given phase
|
||||
const dragModel& drag(const phaseModel& phase) const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the virtual mass model for the supplied phase
|
||||
//- Return the virtual mass model for the given phase
|
||||
const virtualMassModel& virtualMass(const phaseModel& phase) const;
|
||||
|
||||
//- Return the surface tension coefficient
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user