diff --git a/applications/solvers/heatTransfer/buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam/buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam.C b/applications/solvers/heatTransfer/buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam/buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam.C
index 43d8a4da53..9b331527cc 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/heatTransfer/buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam/buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/heatTransfer/buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam/buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam.C
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
             if (pimple.turbCorr())
             {
+                laminarTransport.correct();
                 turbulence->correct();
             }
         }
diff --git a/applications/solvers/heatTransfer/buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam/buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam.C b/applications/solvers/heatTransfer/buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam/buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam.C
index 483a723f7c..3a258e444e 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/heatTransfer/buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam/buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/heatTransfer/buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam/buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam.C
@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             #include "pEqn.H"
         }
 
+        laminarTransport.correct();
         turbulence->correct();
 
         runTime.write();
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/adjointShapeOptimizationFoam/adjointShapeOptimizationFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/adjointShapeOptimizationFoam/adjointShapeOptimizationFoam.C
index f796bc9bc8..a4497e74e0 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/adjointShapeOptimizationFoam/adjointShapeOptimizationFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/adjointShapeOptimizationFoam/adjointShapeOptimizationFoam.C
@@ -216,6 +216,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             Ua.correctBoundaryConditions();
         }
 
+        laminarTransport.correct();
         turbulence->correct();
 
         runTime.write();
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/boundaryFoam/boundaryFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/boundaryFoam/boundaryFoam.C
index 9b6c0fabfa..097fef130b 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/boundaryFoam/boundaryFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/boundaryFoam/boundaryFoam.C
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         U += (Ubar - UbarStar);
         gradP += (Ubar - UbarStar)/(1.0/UEqn.A())().weightedAverage(mesh.V());
 
-
+        laminarTransport.correct();
         turbulence->correct();
 
         Info<< "Uncorrected Ubar = " << (flowDirection & UbarStar.value())
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/SRFPimpleFoam/SRFPimpleFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/SRFPimpleFoam/SRFPimpleFoam.C
index 1eb1edb5c1..ac83a0a3f5 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/SRFPimpleFoam/SRFPimpleFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/SRFPimpleFoam/SRFPimpleFoam.C
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
             if (pimple.turbCorr())
             {
+                laminarTransport.correct();
                 turbulence->correct();
             }
         }
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/pimpleDyMFoam/pimpleDyMFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/pimpleDyMFoam/pimpleDyMFoam.C
index 12b0b438a3..441891f583 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/pimpleDyMFoam/pimpleDyMFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/pimpleDyMFoam/pimpleDyMFoam.C
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
             if (pimple.turbCorr())
             {
+                laminarTransport.correct();
                 turbulence->correct();
             }
         }
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/pimpleFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/pimpleFoam.C
index 61873f2397..5c046f4f9b 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/pimpleFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pimpleFoam/pimpleFoam.C
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
             if (pimple.turbCorr())
             {
+                laminarTransport.correct();
                 turbulence->correct();
             }
         }
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pisoFoam/createFields.H b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pisoFoam/createFields.H
index 7cae304f6f..85f9ce4793 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pisoFoam/createFields.H
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pisoFoam/createFields.H
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
         mesh
     );
 
-#   include "createPhi.H"
+    #include "createPhi.H"
 
 
     label pRefCell = 0;
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pisoFoam/pisoFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pisoFoam/pisoFoam.C
index fc5b24ec6a..59b107417a 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/pisoFoam/pisoFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/pisoFoam/pisoFoam.C
@@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             }
         }
 
+        laminarTransport.correct();
         turbulence->correct();
 
         runTime.write();
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/SRFSimpleFoam/SRFSimpleFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/SRFSimpleFoam/SRFSimpleFoam.C
index 5387b736db..57d57028df 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/SRFSimpleFoam/SRFSimpleFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/SRFSimpleFoam/SRFSimpleFoam.C
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             #include "pEqn.H"
         }
 
+        laminarTransport.correct();
         turbulence->correct();
 
         if (runTime.outputTime())
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/porousSimpleFoam/porousSimpleFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/porousSimpleFoam/porousSimpleFoam.C
index 01c1dc16fb..30cb08046a 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/porousSimpleFoam/porousSimpleFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/porousSimpleFoam/porousSimpleFoam.C
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             #include "pEqn.H"
         }
 
+        laminarTransport.correct();
         turbulence->correct();
 
         runTime.write();
diff --git a/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/simpleFoam.C b/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/simpleFoam.C
index 80521c3969..04ebb2fbd0 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/simpleFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/incompressible/simpleFoam/simpleFoam.C
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             #include "pEqn.H"
         }
 
+        laminarTransport.correct();
         turbulence->correct();
 
         runTime.write();
diff --git a/applications/solvers/multiphase/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceDyMFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceDyMFoam.C b/applications/solvers/multiphase/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceDyMFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceDyMFoam.C
index 643f4eac44..767ceb9cec 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/multiphase/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceDyMFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceDyMFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/multiphase/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceDyMFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceDyMFoam.C
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
             if (pimple.turbCorr())
             {
+                laminarTransport.correct();
                 turbulence->correct();
             }
         }
diff --git a/applications/solvers/multiphase/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam.C b/applications/solvers/multiphase/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam.C
index 9b4caeed61..1e1a9fe9e2 100644
--- a/applications/solvers/multiphase/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam.C
+++ b/applications/solvers/multiphase/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam/potentialFreeSurfaceFoam.C
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
             if (pimple.turbCorr())
             {
+                laminarTransport.correct();
                 turbulence->correct();
             }
         }
diff --git a/applications/test/PisoFoam/Make/options b/applications/test/PisoFoam/Make/options
index 23368faba6..d14a833f12 100644
--- a/applications/test/PisoFoam/Make/options
+++ b/applications/test/PisoFoam/Make/options
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 EXE_INC = \
+    -I$(FOAM_SOLVERS)/incompressible/pisoFoam \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/incompressible/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/transportModels \
diff --git a/applications/test/PisoFoam/PisoFoam.C b/applications/test/PisoFoam/PisoFoam.C
index d817318a8a..5e5bd75714 100644
--- a/applications/test/PisoFoam/PisoFoam.C
+++ b/applications/test/PisoFoam/PisoFoam.C
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Description
 
 #include "fvCFD.H"
 #include "singlePhaseTransportModel.H"
-#include "IncompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
+#include "turbulenceModel.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
diff --git a/applications/test/PisoFoam/createFields.H b/applications/test/PisoFoam/createFields.H
deleted file mode 100644
index d543396a8d..0000000000
--- a/applications/test/PisoFoam/createFields.H
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-    Info<< "Reading field p\n" << endl;
-    volScalarField p
-    (
-        IOobject
-        (
-            "p",
-            runTime.timeName(),
-            mesh,
-            IOobject::MUST_READ,
-            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-        ),
-        mesh
-    );
-
-    Info<< "Reading field U\n" << endl;
-    volVectorField U
-    (
-        IOobject
-        (
-            "U",
-            runTime.timeName(),
-            mesh,
-            IOobject::MUST_READ,
-            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-        ),
-        mesh
-    );
-
-    #include "createPhi.H"
-
-
-    label pRefCell = 0;
-    scalar pRefValue = 0.0;
-    setRefCell(p, mesh.solutionDict().subDict("PISO"), pRefCell, pRefValue);
-
-
-    singlePhaseTransportModel laminarTransport(U, phi);
-
-    autoPtr<IncompressibleTurbulenceModel<transportModel> >
-    turbulence
-    (
-        IncompressibleTurbulenceModel<transportModel>::New
-        (
-            U,
-            phi,
-            laminarTransport
-        )
-    );
diff --git a/applications/test/PisoFoam/turbulenceModel.H b/applications/test/PisoFoam/turbulenceModel.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..77a4ab413d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/applications/test/PisoFoam/turbulenceModel.H
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "IncompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    namespace incompressible
+    {
+        typedef IncompressibleTurbulenceModel<transportModel> turbulenceModel;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/Make/options b/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/Make/options
index 44d8f226ca..f8879e9ab5 100644
--- a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/Make/options
+++ b/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/Make/options
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 EXE_INC = \
+    -I$(FOAM_SOLVERS)/compressible/rhoPimpleFoam \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/turbulenceModels/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/TurbulenceModels/compressible/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/thermophysicalModels/basic/lnInclude \
diff --git a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/UEqn.H b/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/UEqn.H
deleted file mode 100644
index 1adabbc1f0..0000000000
--- a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/UEqn.H
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-// Solve the Momentum equation
-
-tmp<fvVectorMatrix> UEqn
-(
-    fvm::ddt(rho, U)
-  + fvm::div(phi, U)
-  + turbulence->divDevRhoReff(U)
- ==
-    fvOptions(rho, U)
-);
-
-UEqn().relax();
-
-fvOptions.constrain(UEqn());
-
-if (pimple.momentumPredictor())
-{
-    solve(UEqn() == -fvc::grad(p));
-
-    fvOptions.correct(U);
-    K = 0.5*magSqr(U);
-}
diff --git a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/createFields.H b/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/createFields.H
deleted file mode 100644
index 3a94360376..0000000000
--- a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/createFields.H
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-    Info<< "Reading thermophysical properties\n" << endl;
-
-    autoPtr<psiThermo> pThermo
-    (
-        psiThermo::New(mesh)
-    );
-    psiThermo& thermo = pThermo();
-    thermo.validate(args.executable(), "h", "e");
-
-    volScalarField& p = thermo.p();
-    const volScalarField& psi = thermo.psi();
-
-    volScalarField rho
-    (
-        IOobject
-        (
-            "rho",
-            runTime.timeName(),
-            mesh,
-            IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
-            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-        ),
-        thermo.rho()
-    );
-
-    Info<< "Reading field U\n" << endl;
-    volVectorField U
-    (
-        IOobject
-        (
-            "U",
-            runTime.timeName(),
-            mesh,
-            IOobject::MUST_READ,
-            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-        ),
-        mesh
-    );
-
-    #include "compressibleCreatePhi.H"
-
-    dimensionedScalar rhoMax(pimple.dict().lookup("rhoMax"));
-    dimensionedScalar rhoMin(pimple.dict().lookup("rhoMin"));
-
-    Info<< "Creating turbulence model\n" << endl;
-
-    autoPtr<CompressibleTurbulenceModel<fluidThermo> >
-    turbulence
-    (
-        CompressibleTurbulenceModel<fluidThermo>::New
-        (
-            rho,
-            U,
-            phi,
-            thermo
-        )
-    );
-
-    Info<< "Creating field dpdt\n" << endl;
-    volScalarField dpdt
-    (
-        IOobject
-        (
-            "dpdt",
-            runTime.timeName(),
-            mesh
-        ),
-        mesh,
-        dimensionedScalar("dpdt", p.dimensions()/dimTime, 0)
-    );
-
-    Info<< "Creating field kinetic energy K\n" << endl;
-    volScalarField K("K", 0.5*magSqr(U));
diff --git a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/pEqn.H b/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/pEqn.H
deleted file mode 100644
index 465e81d0e9..0000000000
--- a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/pEqn.H
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
-rho = thermo.rho();
-rho = max(rho, rhoMin);
-rho = min(rho, rhoMax);
-rho.relax();
-
-volScalarField rAU(1.0/UEqn().A());
-volVectorField HbyA("HbyA", U);
-HbyA = rAU*UEqn().H();
-
-if (pimple.nCorrPISO() <= 1)
-{
-    UEqn.clear();
-}
-
-if (pimple.transonic())
-{
-    surfaceScalarField phid
-    (
-        "phid",
-        fvc::interpolate(psi)
-       *(
-            (fvc::interpolate(HbyA) & mesh.Sf())
-          + fvc::ddtCorr(rAU, rho, U, phi)
-        )
-    );
-
-    fvOptions.makeRelative(fvc::interpolate(psi), phid);
-
-    volScalarField Dp("Dp", rho*rAU);
-
-    while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
-    {
-        fvScalarMatrix pEqn
-        (
-            fvm::ddt(psi, p)
-          + fvm::div(phid, p)
-          - fvm::laplacian(Dp, p)
-          ==
-            fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
-        );
-
-        fvOptions.constrain(pEqn);
-
-        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
-
-        if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
-        {
-            phi == pEqn.flux();
-        }
-    }
-}
-else
-{
-    surfaceScalarField phiHbyA
-    (
-        "phiHbyA",
-        fvc::interpolate(rho)
-       *(
-            (fvc::interpolate(HbyA) & mesh.Sf())
-          + fvc::ddtCorr(rAU, rho, U, phi)
-        )
-    );
-
-    fvOptions.makeRelative(fvc::interpolate(rho), phiHbyA);
-
-    volScalarField Dp("Dp", rho*rAU);
-
-    while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
-    {
-        // Pressure corrector
-        fvScalarMatrix pEqn
-        (
-            fvm::ddt(psi, p)
-          + fvc::div(phiHbyA)
-          - fvm::laplacian(Dp, p)
-          ==
-            fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
-        );
-
-        fvOptions.constrain(pEqn);
-
-        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
-
-        if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
-        {
-            phi = phiHbyA + pEqn.flux();
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#include "rhoEqn.H"
-#include "compressibleContinuityErrs.H"
-
-// Explicitly relax pressure for momentum corrector
-p.relax();
-
-// Recalculate density from the relaxed pressure
-rho = thermo.rho();
-rho = max(rho, rhoMin);
-rho = min(rho, rhoMax);
-rho.relax();
-Info<< "rho max/min : " << max(rho).value()
-    << " " << min(rho).value() << endl;
-
-U = HbyA - rAU*fvc::grad(p);
-U.correctBoundaryConditions();
-fvOptions.correct(U);
-K = 0.5*magSqr(U);
-
-if (thermo.dpdt())
-{
-    dpdt = fvc::ddt(p);
-}
diff --git a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/rhoPimpleFoam.C b/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/rhoPimpleFoam.C
index 2a17c938f4..6c6c4e99ab 100644
--- a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/rhoPimpleFoam.C
+++ b/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/rhoPimpleFoam.C
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Description
 
 #include "fvCFD.H"
 #include "psiThermo.H"
-#include "CompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
+#include "turbulenceModel.H"
 #include "bound.H"
 #include "pimpleControl.H"
 #include "fvIOoptionList.H"
diff --git a/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/turbulenceModel.H b/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/turbulenceModel.H
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23547aa0c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/applications/test/RhoPimpleFoam/turbulenceModel.H
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "CompressibleTurbulenceModel.H"
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+    namespace compressible
+    {
+        typedef CompressibleTurbulenceModel<fluidThermo> turbulenceModel;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DESModel/DESModel.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DESModel/DESModel.C
index 3722f9cce6..3b792cac9f 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DESModel/DESModel.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DESModel/DESModel.C
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ DESModel::DESModel
     const word& type,
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName
 )
 :
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DESModel/DESModel.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DESModel/DESModel.H
index 07f0c5c1c9..e89c26993f 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DESModel/DESModel.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DESModel/DESModel.H
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public:
             const word& type,
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName
         );
 
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DeardorffDiffStress/DeardorffDiffStress.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DeardorffDiffStress/DeardorffDiffStress.C
index 02b9d6c6c3..095205925d 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DeardorffDiffStress/DeardorffDiffStress.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DeardorffDiffStress/DeardorffDiffStress.C
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ DeardorffDiffStress::DeardorffDiffStress
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DeardorffDiffStress/DeardorffDiffStress.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DeardorffDiffStress/DeardorffDiffStress.H
index f3b8c6c448..b7083fffc3 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DeardorffDiffStress/DeardorffDiffStress.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/DeardorffDiffStress/DeardorffDiffStress.H
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenEddyVisc/GenEddyVisc.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenEddyVisc/GenEddyVisc.C
index 69795c56d7..b42e07c483 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenEddyVisc/GenEddyVisc.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenEddyVisc/GenEddyVisc.C
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ GenEddyVisc::GenEddyVisc
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenEddyVisc/GenEddyVisc.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenEddyVisc/GenEddyVisc.H
index e1dc9c2b37..2eff45a1a1 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenEddyVisc/GenEddyVisc.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenEddyVisc/GenEddyVisc.H
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenSGSStress/GenSGSStress.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenSGSStress/GenSGSStress.C
index 1618fb7f3b..e6f91636ce 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenSGSStress/GenSGSStress.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenSGSStress/GenSGSStress.C
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ GenSGSStress::GenSGSStress
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenSGSStress/GenSGSStress.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenSGSStress/GenSGSStress.H
index 4f24f79135..6b31f1e21e 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenSGSStress/GenSGSStress.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/GenSGSStress/GenSGSStress.H
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LESModel/LESModel.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LESModel/LESModel.C
index f2e2434446..cb0311e254 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LESModel/LESModel.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LESModel/LESModel.C
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ LESModel::LESModel
     const word& type,
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName
 )
 :
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ autoPtr<LESModel> LESModel::New
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName
 )
 {
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LESModel/LESModel.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LESModel/LESModel.H
index d08086234b..dcb3550eac 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LESModel/LESModel.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LESModel/LESModel.H
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ public:
             (
                 const volVectorField& U,
                 const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-                transportModel& transport,
+                const transportModel& transport,
                 const word& turbulenceModelName
             ),
             (U, phi, transport, turbulenceModelName)
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public:
             const word& type,
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName
         );
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName
         );
 
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LRRDiffStress/LRRDiffStress.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LRRDiffStress/LRRDiffStress.C
index 4c2ce31f9d..553313a05b 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LRRDiffStress/LRRDiffStress.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LRRDiffStress/LRRDiffStress.C
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ LRRDiffStress::LRRDiffStress
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LRRDiffStress/LRRDiffStress.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LRRDiffStress/LRRDiffStress.H
index 62aaaa3ef0..dc52ad57b0 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LRRDiffStress/LRRDiffStress.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/LRRDiffStress/LRRDiffStress.H
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky/Smagorinsky.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky/Smagorinsky.C
index ed1e330934..6b64382670 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky/Smagorinsky.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky/Smagorinsky.C
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Smagorinsky::Smagorinsky
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky/Smagorinsky.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky/Smagorinsky.H
index 8af2bbe08a..51403f97f3 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky/Smagorinsky.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky/Smagorinsky.H
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky2/Smagorinsky2.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky2/Smagorinsky2.C
index 84fc1fc7be..1f6b835776 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky2/Smagorinsky2.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky2/Smagorinsky2.C
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Smagorinsky2::Smagorinsky2
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky2/Smagorinsky2.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky2/Smagorinsky2.H
index b51528f945..f83aaca367 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky2/Smagorinsky2.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/Smagorinsky2/Smagorinsky2.H
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.C
index 2c174d55ce..9b5414d206 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.C
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ SpalartAllmaras::SpalartAllmaras
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.H
index 3b69a746b8..f5753ebfcc 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.H
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.C
index 06a83c1e89..bda4345e68 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.C
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ SpalartAllmarasDDES::SpalartAllmarasDDES
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.H
index 70b6f5cf9b..834e1274a7 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasDDES/SpalartAllmarasDDES.H
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.C
index 7ac42ffb48..bb71aae104 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.C
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ SpalartAllmarasIDDES::SpalartAllmarasIDDES
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.H
index c2565efb50..3d8c27d316 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES/SpalartAllmarasIDDES.H
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynLagrangian/dynLagrangian.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynLagrangian/dynLagrangian.C
index 24ef2ab231..7a9aef8148 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynLagrangian/dynLagrangian.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynLagrangian/dynLagrangian.C
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ dynLagrangian::dynLagrangian
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynLagrangian/dynLagrangian.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynLagrangian/dynLagrangian.H
index 533b063750..ab9b945cc0 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynLagrangian/dynLagrangian.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynLagrangian/dynLagrangian.H
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynOneEqEddy/dynOneEqEddy.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynOneEqEddy/dynOneEqEddy.C
index 5e125d5310..dba62a3379 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynOneEqEddy/dynOneEqEddy.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynOneEqEddy/dynOneEqEddy.C
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ dynOneEqEddy::dynOneEqEddy
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynOneEqEddy/dynOneEqEddy.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynOneEqEddy/dynOneEqEddy.H
index 6a9384f406..be4a0dd29d 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynOneEqEddy/dynOneEqEddy.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/dynOneEqEddy/dynOneEqEddy.H
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy.C
index d84f830d88..67a8bfb499 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy.C
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ homogeneousDynOneEqEddy::homogeneousDynOneEqEddy
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy.H
index 68e0183345..4bb645ab4e 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy/homogeneousDynOneEqEddy.H
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky.C
index 89f91c85fd..6ed27e27e0 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky.C
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ homogeneousDynSmagorinsky::homogeneousDynSmagorinsky
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky.H
index cc95bb047a..00d03369a9 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky/homogeneousDynSmagorinsky.H
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/kOmegaSSTSAS/kOmegaSSTSAS.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/kOmegaSSTSAS/kOmegaSSTSAS.C
index 43f722f92d..ad7daf84ae 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/kOmegaSSTSAS/kOmegaSSTSAS.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/kOmegaSSTSAS/kOmegaSSTSAS.C
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ kOmegaSSTSAS::kOmegaSSTSAS
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/kOmegaSSTSAS/kOmegaSSTSAS.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/kOmegaSSTSAS/kOmegaSSTSAS.H
index c0a6dd90ba..b10a0e9ed1 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/kOmegaSSTSAS/kOmegaSSTSAS.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/kOmegaSSTSAS/kOmegaSSTSAS.H
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/laminar/laminar.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/laminar/laminar.C
index 5a78c213ee..5e818da101 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/laminar/laminar.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/laminar/laminar.C
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ laminar::laminar
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/laminar/laminar.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/laminar/laminar.H
index 777a9228a7..e99db3e4c1 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/laminar/laminar.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/laminar/laminar.H
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/mixedSmagorinsky/mixedSmagorinsky.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/mixedSmagorinsky/mixedSmagorinsky.C
index b17f4ea572..c0b80e63dd 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/mixedSmagorinsky/mixedSmagorinsky.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/mixedSmagorinsky/mixedSmagorinsky.C
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ mixedSmagorinsky::mixedSmagorinsky
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/mixedSmagorinsky/mixedSmagorinsky.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/mixedSmagorinsky/mixedSmagorinsky.H
index c48932d087..8218fed13b 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/mixedSmagorinsky/mixedSmagorinsky.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/mixedSmagorinsky/mixedSmagorinsky.H
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/oneEqEddy/oneEqEddy.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/oneEqEddy/oneEqEddy.C
index e31d5e1a4d..dd2b47987a 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/oneEqEddy/oneEqEddy.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/oneEqEddy/oneEqEddy.C
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ oneEqEddy::oneEqEddy
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/oneEqEddy/oneEqEddy.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/oneEqEddy/oneEqEddy.H
index 1b7472d787..e8983565e6 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/oneEqEddy/oneEqEddy.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/oneEqEddy/oneEqEddy.H
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/scaleSimilarity/scaleSimilarity.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/scaleSimilarity/scaleSimilarity.C
index 61322de356..97f347a253 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/scaleSimilarity/scaleSimilarity.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/scaleSimilarity/scaleSimilarity.C
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ scaleSimilarity::scaleSimilarity
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/scaleSimilarity/scaleSimilarity.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/scaleSimilarity/scaleSimilarity.H
index f159ebab74..83b88823fc 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/scaleSimilarity/scaleSimilarity.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/scaleSimilarity/scaleSimilarity.H
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/spectEddyVisc/spectEddyVisc.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/spectEddyVisc/spectEddyVisc.C
index d599e46c49..026d705520 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/spectEddyVisc/spectEddyVisc.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/spectEddyVisc/spectEddyVisc.C
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ spectEddyVisc::spectEddyVisc
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/spectEddyVisc/spectEddyVisc.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/spectEddyVisc/spectEddyVisc.H
index a223a9d076..500345f8b2 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/spectEddyVisc/spectEddyVisc.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/LES/spectEddyVisc/spectEddyVisc.H
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LRR/LRR.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LRR/LRR.C
index bcb4417d66..0f04332a15 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LRR/LRR.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LRR/LRR.C
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ LRR::LRR
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LRR/LRR.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LRR/LRR.H
index f60f0a6630..ca8602e90d 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LRR/LRR.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LRR/LRR.H
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LamBremhorstKE/LamBremhorstKE.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LamBremhorstKE/LamBremhorstKE.C
index 76b038c014..c23bc4b0b2 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LamBremhorstKE/LamBremhorstKE.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LamBremhorstKE/LamBremhorstKE.C
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ LamBremhorstKE::LamBremhorstKE
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LamBremhorstKE/LamBremhorstKE.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LamBremhorstKE/LamBremhorstKE.H
index e58ce52d29..30e590cad7 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LamBremhorstKE/LamBremhorstKE.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LamBremhorstKE/LamBremhorstKE.H
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderGibsonRSTM/LaunderGibsonRSTM.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderGibsonRSTM/LaunderGibsonRSTM.C
index 177b3435ae..b8d55d9b3c 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderGibsonRSTM/LaunderGibsonRSTM.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderGibsonRSTM/LaunderGibsonRSTM.C
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ LaunderGibsonRSTM::LaunderGibsonRSTM
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderGibsonRSTM/LaunderGibsonRSTM.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderGibsonRSTM/LaunderGibsonRSTM.H
index 6ff290d60b..921e2f4685 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderGibsonRSTM/LaunderGibsonRSTM.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderGibsonRSTM/LaunderGibsonRSTM.H
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderSharmaKE/LaunderSharmaKE.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderSharmaKE/LaunderSharmaKE.C
index ee2027180d..842bf9206d 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderSharmaKE/LaunderSharmaKE.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderSharmaKE/LaunderSharmaKE.C
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ LaunderSharmaKE::LaunderSharmaKE
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderSharmaKE/LaunderSharmaKE.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderSharmaKE/LaunderSharmaKE.H
index 9396df87b9..fc51ea5288 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderSharmaKE/LaunderSharmaKE.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LaunderSharmaKE/LaunderSharmaKE.H
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKE/LienCubicKE.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKE/LienCubicKE.C
index e346ccd831..3f0de6860f 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKE/LienCubicKE.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKE/LienCubicKE.C
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ LienCubicKE::LienCubicKE
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKE/LienCubicKE.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKE/LienCubicKE.H
index 78771f9d6e..6da2c34b4f 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKE/LienCubicKE.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKE/LienCubicKE.H
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKELowRe/LienCubicKELowRe.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKELowRe/LienCubicKELowRe.C
index 4b880bc565..12a05b4fef 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKELowRe/LienCubicKELowRe.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKELowRe/LienCubicKELowRe.C
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ LienCubicKELowRe::LienCubicKELowRe
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKELowRe/LienCubicKELowRe.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKELowRe/LienCubicKELowRe.H
index b86b0cb050..a7dcac84c2 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKELowRe/LienCubicKELowRe.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienCubicKELowRe/LienCubicKELowRe.H
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienLeschzinerLowRe/LienLeschzinerLowRe.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienLeschzinerLowRe/LienLeschzinerLowRe.C
index eab7aed0fe..5b4c77477c 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienLeschzinerLowRe/LienLeschzinerLowRe.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienLeschzinerLowRe/LienLeschzinerLowRe.C
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ LienLeschzinerLowRe::LienLeschzinerLowRe
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienLeschzinerLowRe/LienLeschzinerLowRe.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienLeschzinerLowRe/LienLeschzinerLowRe.H
index 430b0d5f0b..c9d664ce0d 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienLeschzinerLowRe/LienLeschzinerLowRe.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/LienLeschzinerLowRe/LienLeschzinerLowRe.H
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/NonlinearKEShih/NonlinearKEShih.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/NonlinearKEShih/NonlinearKEShih.C
index 68fb68c0c6..18edb809e9 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/NonlinearKEShih/NonlinearKEShih.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/NonlinearKEShih/NonlinearKEShih.C
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ NonlinearKEShih::NonlinearKEShih
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/NonlinearKEShih/NonlinearKEShih.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/NonlinearKEShih/NonlinearKEShih.H
index b7c89fac1b..db87b2e818 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/NonlinearKEShih/NonlinearKEShih.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/NonlinearKEShih/NonlinearKEShih.H
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RASModel/RASModel.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RASModel/RASModel.C
index 29c0601860..f31f51ecad 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RASModel/RASModel.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RASModel/RASModel.C
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ RASModel::RASModel
     const word& type,
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName
 )
 :
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ autoPtr<RASModel> RASModel::New
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName
 )
 {
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RASModel/RASModel.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RASModel/RASModel.H
index 4e890bb205..17487459ee 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RASModel/RASModel.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RASModel/RASModel.H
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ public:
             (
                 const volVectorField& U,
                 const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-                transportModel& transport,
+                const transportModel& transport,
                 const word& turbulenceModelName
             ),
             (U, phi, transport, turbulenceModelName)
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ public:
             const word& type,
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName
         );
 
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName
         );
 
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RNGkEpsilon/RNGkEpsilon.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RNGkEpsilon/RNGkEpsilon.C
index 1cca2780aa..0ce8c19086 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RNGkEpsilon/RNGkEpsilon.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RNGkEpsilon/RNGkEpsilon.C
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ RNGkEpsilon::RNGkEpsilon
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RNGkEpsilon/RNGkEpsilon.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RNGkEpsilon/RNGkEpsilon.H
index df35dcadb8..1552883900 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RNGkEpsilon/RNGkEpsilon.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/RNGkEpsilon/RNGkEpsilon.H
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.C
index e083bca6b6..5612ead2d3 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.C
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ SpalartAllmaras::SpalartAllmaras
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.H
index dfa6d875e9..554ad12d32 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/SpalartAllmaras/SpalartAllmaras.H
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kEpsilon/kEpsilon.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kEpsilon/kEpsilon.C
index e662da52ba..9f9c95f5aa 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kEpsilon/kEpsilon.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kEpsilon/kEpsilon.C
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ kEpsilon::kEpsilon
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kEpsilon/kEpsilon.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kEpsilon/kEpsilon.H
index f3b8f55864..7bd9fcf118 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kEpsilon/kEpsilon.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kEpsilon/kEpsilon.H
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmega/kOmega.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmega/kOmega.C
index 26dc716080..8543937160 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmega/kOmega.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmega/kOmega.C
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ kOmega::kOmega
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmega/kOmega.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmega/kOmega.H
index d0c9e3ad2f..bfadb1fd61 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmega/kOmega.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmega/kOmega.H
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmegaSST/kOmegaSST.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmegaSST/kOmegaSST.C
index b7563e4e82..9eada0bf27 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmegaSST/kOmegaSST.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmegaSST/kOmegaSST.C
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ kOmegaSST::kOmegaSST
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmegaSST/kOmegaSST.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmegaSST/kOmegaSST.H
index 98bdec767e..c64f5e36b3 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmegaSST/kOmegaSST.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kOmegaSST/kOmegaSST.H
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kkLOmega/kkLOmega.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kkLOmega/kkLOmega.C
index 352cccf9cf..b7e8231ca3 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kkLOmega/kkLOmega.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kkLOmega/kkLOmega.C
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ kkLOmega::kkLOmega
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kkLOmega/kkLOmega.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kkLOmega/kkLOmega.H
index ec988644a0..65a14ce357 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kkLOmega/kkLOmega.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/kkLOmega/kkLOmega.H
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/laminar/laminar.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/laminar/laminar.C
index f0597b58da..6d2abd699d 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/laminar/laminar.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/laminar/laminar.C
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ laminar::laminar
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/laminar/laminar.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/laminar/laminar.H
index 29426dadaf..8b2069364f 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/laminar/laminar.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/laminar/laminar.H
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/qZeta/qZeta.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/qZeta/qZeta.C
index 44d3900843..e655d1628e 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/qZeta/qZeta.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/qZeta/qZeta.C
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ qZeta::qZeta
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/qZeta/qZeta.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/qZeta/qZeta.H
index d45f686af7..1566771cbe 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/qZeta/qZeta.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/qZeta/qZeta.H
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/realizableKE/realizableKE.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/realizableKE/realizableKE.C
index 959fca9dc3..b2ee7ffdfb 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/realizableKE/realizableKE.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/realizableKE/realizableKE.C
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ realizableKE::realizableKE
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/realizableKE/realizableKE.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/realizableKE/realizableKE.H
index 3f32089a6c..3a4850e542 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/realizableKE/realizableKE.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/realizableKE/realizableKE.H
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/v2f/v2f.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/v2f/v2f.C
index ea5fb18728..ec16b6f665 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/v2f/v2f.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/v2f/v2f.C
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ v2f::v2f
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName,
     const word& modelName
 )
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/v2f/v2f.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/v2f/v2f.H
index c426984b08..d29c846fc3 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/v2f/v2f.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/RAS/v2f/v2f.H
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName,
             const word& modelName = typeName
         );
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/laminar/laminar.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/laminar/laminar.C
index 65a6e2e685..f12f3000aa 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/laminar/laminar.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/laminar/laminar.C
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ laminar::laminar
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName
 )
 :
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ autoPtr<laminar> laminar::New
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName
 )
 {
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/laminar/laminar.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/laminar/laminar.H
index 9c8588015f..ed39e69519 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/laminar/laminar.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/laminar/laminar.H
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName
         );
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = turbulenceModel::typeName
         );
 
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/turbulenceModel.C b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/turbulenceModel.C
index 9de75af54f..9015850baa 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/turbulenceModel.C
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/turbulenceModel.C
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ turbulenceModel::turbulenceModel
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName
 )
 :
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ autoPtr<turbulenceModel> turbulenceModel::New
 (
     const volVectorField& U,
     const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-    transportModel& transport,
+    const transportModel& transport,
     const word& turbulenceModelName
 )
 {
@@ -128,8 +128,6 @@ autoPtr<turbulenceModel> turbulenceModel::New
 
 void turbulenceModel::correct()
 {
-    transportModel_.correct();
-
     if (mesh_.changing())
     {
         y_.correct();
diff --git a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/turbulenceModel.H b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/turbulenceModel.H
index f4eeba47e9..1095e72eaf 100644
--- a/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/turbulenceModel.H
+++ b/src/turbulenceModels/incompressible/turbulenceModel/turbulenceModel.H
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ protected:
         const volVectorField& U_;
         const surfaceScalarField& phi_;
 
-        transportModel& transportModel_;
+        const transportModel& transportModel_;
 
         //- Near wall distance boundary field
         nearWallDist y_;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ public:
             (
                 const volVectorField& U,
                 const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-                transportModel& transport,
+                const transportModel& transport,
                 const word& turbulenceModelName
             ),
             (U, phi, transport, turbulenceModelName)
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = typeName
         );
 
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ public:
         (
             const volVectorField& U,
             const surfaceScalarField& phi,
-            transportModel& transport,
+            const transportModel& transport,
             const word& turbulenceModelName = typeName
         );
 
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ public:
         }
 
         //- Access function to incompressible transport model
-        inline transportModel& transport() const
+        inline const transportModel& transport() const
         {
             return transportModel_;
         }