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https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam.git
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611 lines
16 KiB
C
611 lines
16 KiB
C
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
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========= |
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\\ / F ield | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
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\\ / O peration |
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\\ / A nd | Copyright (C) 2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
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\\/ M anipulation |
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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License
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This file is part of OpenFOAM.
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OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
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for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with OpenFOAM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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#include "HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem.H"
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#include "BlendedInterfacialModel.H"
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#include "heatTransferModel.H"
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#include "massTransferModel.H"
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#include "interfaceCompositionModel.H"
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#include "HashPtrTable.H"
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#include "fvcDiv.H"
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#include "fvmSup.H"
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#include "fvMatrix.H"
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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template<class BasePhaseSystem>
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Foam::HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::
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HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem
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(
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const fvMesh& mesh
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)
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:
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BasePhaseSystem(mesh)
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{
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this->generatePairsAndSubModels
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(
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"heatTransfer",
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heatTransferModels_
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);
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this->generatePairsAndSubModels
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(
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"massTransfer",
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massTransferModels_
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);
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this->generatePairsAndSubModels
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(
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"interfaceComposition",
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interfaceCompositionModels_
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);
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forAllConstIter
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(
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phaseSystem::phasePairTable,
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this->phasePairs_,
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phasePairIter
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)
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{
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const phasePair& pair(phasePairIter());
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if (pair.ordered())
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{
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continue;
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}
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// Initialy assume no mass transfer
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dmdt_.insert
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(
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pair,
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new volScalarField
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(
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IOobject
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(
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IOobject::groupName("dmdt", pair.name()),
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this->mesh().time().timeName(),
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this->mesh(),
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IOobject::NO_READ,
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IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
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),
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this->mesh(),
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dimensionedScalar("zero", dimDensity/dimTime, 0)
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)
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);
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dmdtExplicit_.insert
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(
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pair,
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new volScalarField
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(
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IOobject
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(
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IOobject::groupName("dmdtExplicit", pair.name()),
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this->mesh().time().timeName(),
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this->mesh()
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),
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this->mesh(),
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dimensionedScalar("zero", dimDensity/dimTime, 0)
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)
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);
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volScalarField H1(heatTransferModels_[pair][pair.first()]->K());
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volScalarField H2(heatTransferModels_[pair][pair.second()]->K());
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Tf_.insert
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(
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pair,
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new volScalarField
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(
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IOobject
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(
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IOobject::groupName("Tf", pair.name()),
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this->mesh().time().timeName(),
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this->mesh(),
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IOobject::NO_READ,
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IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
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),
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(
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H1*pair.phase1().thermo().T()
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+ H2*pair.phase2().thermo().T()
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)
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/max
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(
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H1 + H2,
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dimensionedScalar("small", heatTransferModel::dimK, SMALL)
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),
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zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField::typeName
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)
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);
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Tf_[pair]->correctBoundaryConditions();
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}
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}
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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template<class BasePhaseSystem>
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Foam::HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::
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~HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem()
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{}
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// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
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template<class BasePhaseSystem>
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Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
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Foam::HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::dmdt
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(
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const phasePairKey& key
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) const
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{
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const scalar dmdtSign(Pair<word>::compare(dmdt_.find(key).key(), key));
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return dmdtSign**dmdt_[key];
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}
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template<class BasePhaseSystem>
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Foam::autoPtr<Foam::phaseSystem::momentumTransferTable>
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Foam::HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::momentumTransfer() const
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{
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autoPtr<phaseSystem::momentumTransferTable>
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eqnsPtr(BasePhaseSystem::momentumTransfer());
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phaseSystem::momentumTransferTable& eqns = eqnsPtr();
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// Source term due to mass trasfer
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forAllConstIter
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(
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phaseSystem::phasePairTable,
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this->phasePairs_,
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phasePairIter
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)
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{
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const phasePair& pair(phasePairIter());
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if (pair.ordered())
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{
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continue;
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}
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const volVectorField& U1(pair.phase1().U());
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const volVectorField& U2(pair.phase2().U());
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const volScalarField dmdt(this->dmdt(pair));
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const volScalarField dmdt12(dmdt*pos(dmdt));
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const volScalarField dmdt21(dmdt*neg(dmdt));
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*eqns[pair.phase1().name()] += fvm::Sp(dmdt21, U1) - dmdt21*U2;
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*eqns[pair.phase2().name()] += dmdt12*U1 - fvm::Sp(dmdt12, U2);
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}
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return eqnsPtr;
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}
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template<class BasePhaseSystem>
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Foam::autoPtr<Foam::phaseSystem::heatTransferTable>
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Foam::HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::heatTransfer() const
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{
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autoPtr<phaseSystem::heatTransferTable> eqnsPtr
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(
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new phaseSystem::heatTransferTable()
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);
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phaseSystem::heatTransferTable& eqns = eqnsPtr();
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forAllConstIter
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(
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phaseSystem::phaseModelTable,
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this->phaseModels_,
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phaseModelIter
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)
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{
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const phaseModel& phase(phaseModelIter());
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eqns.insert
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(
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phase.name(),
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new fvScalarMatrix(phase.thermo().he(), dimEnergy/dimTime)
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);
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}
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// Heat transfer with the interface
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forAllConstIter
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(
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heatTransferModelTable,
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heatTransferModels_,
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heatTransferModelIter
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)
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{
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const phasePair& pair
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(
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this->phasePairs_[heatTransferModelIter.key()]
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);
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const phaseModel* phase = &pair.phase1();
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const phaseModel* otherPhase = &pair.phase2();
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const volScalarField& Tf(*Tf_[pair]);
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const volScalarField K1
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(
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heatTransferModelIter()[pair.first()]->K()
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);
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const volScalarField K2
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(
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heatTransferModelIter()[pair.second()]->K()
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);
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const volScalarField KEff
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(
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K1*K2
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/max
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(
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K1 + K2,
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dimensionedScalar("small", heatTransferModel::dimK, SMALL)
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)
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);
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const volScalarField* K = &K1;
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const volScalarField* otherK = &K2;
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forAllConstIter(phasePair, pair, iter)
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{
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const volScalarField& he(phase->thermo().he());
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volScalarField Cpv(phase->thermo().Cpv());
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*eqns[phase->name()] +=
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(*K)*(Tf - phase->thermo().T())
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+ KEff/Cpv*he - fvm::Sp(KEff/Cpv, he);
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Swap(phase, otherPhase);
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Swap(K, otherK);
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}
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}
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// Source term due to mass trasfer
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forAllConstIter
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(
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phaseSystem::phasePairTable,
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this->phasePairs_,
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phasePairIter
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)
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{
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const phasePair& pair(phasePairIter());
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if (pair.ordered())
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{
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continue;
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}
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const phaseModel& phase1 = pair.phase1();
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const phaseModel& phase2 = pair.phase2();
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const volScalarField& he1(phase1.thermo().he());
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const volScalarField& he2(phase2.thermo().he());
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const volScalarField& K1(phase1.K());
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const volScalarField& K2(phase2.K());
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const volScalarField dmdt(this->dmdt(pair));
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const volScalarField dmdt12(dmdt*pos(dmdt));
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const volScalarField dmdt21(dmdt*neg(dmdt));
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const volScalarField& Tf(*Tf_[pair]);
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*eqns[phase1.name()] +=
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fvm::Sp(dmdt21, he1) + dmdt21*K1
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- dmdt21*(phase2.thermo().he(phase2.thermo().p(), Tf) + K2);
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*eqns[phase2.name()] +=
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dmdt12*(phase1.thermo().he(phase1.thermo().p(), Tf) + K1)
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- fvm::Sp(dmdt12, he2) - dmdt12*K2;
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}
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return eqnsPtr;
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}
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template<class BasePhaseSystem>
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Foam::autoPtr<Foam::phaseSystem::massTransferTable>
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Foam::HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::massTransfer() const
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{
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// Create a mass transfer matrix for each species of each phase
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autoPtr<phaseSystem::massTransferTable> eqnsPtr
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(
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new phaseSystem::massTransferTable()
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);
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phaseSystem::massTransferTable& eqns = eqnsPtr();
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forAllConstIter
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(
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phaseSystem::phaseModelTable,
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this->phaseModels_,
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phaseModelIter
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)
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{
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const phaseModel& phase(phaseModelIter());
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const PtrList<volScalarField>& Yi = phase.Y();
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forAll(Yi, i)
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{
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eqns.insert
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(
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Yi[i].name(),
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new fvScalarMatrix(Yi[i], dimMass/dimTime)
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);
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}
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}
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// Reset the interfacial mass flow rates
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forAllConstIter
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(
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phaseSystem::phasePairTable,
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this->phasePairs_,
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phasePairIter
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)
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{
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const phasePair& pair(phasePairIter());
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if (pair.ordered())
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{
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continue;
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}
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*dmdt_[pair] =
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*dmdtExplicit_[pair];
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*dmdtExplicit_[pair] =
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dimensionedScalar("zero", dimDensity/dimTime, 0);
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}
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// Sum up the contribution from each interface composition model
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forAllConstIter
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(
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interfaceCompositionModelTable,
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interfaceCompositionModels_,
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interfaceCompositionModelIter
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)
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{
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const interfaceCompositionModel& compositionModel
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(
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interfaceCompositionModelIter()
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);
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const phasePair& pair
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(
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this->phasePairs_[interfaceCompositionModelIter.key()]
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);
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const phaseModel& phase = pair.phase1();
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const phaseModel& otherPhase = pair.phase2();
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const phasePairKey key(phase.name(), otherPhase.name());
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const volScalarField& Tf(*Tf_[key]);
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volScalarField& dmdtExplicit(*dmdtExplicit_[key]);
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volScalarField& dmdt(*dmdt_[key]);
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scalar dmdtSign(Pair<word>::compare(dmdt_.find(key).key(), key));
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const volScalarField K
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(
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massTransferModels_[key][phase.name()]->K()
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);
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forAllConstIter
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(
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hashedWordList,
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compositionModel.species(),
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memberIter
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)
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{
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const word& member = *memberIter;
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const word name
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(
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IOobject::groupName(member, phase.name())
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);
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const word otherName
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(
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IOobject::groupName(member, otherPhase.name())
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);
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const volScalarField KD
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(
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K*compositionModel.D(member)
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);
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const volScalarField Yf
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(
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compositionModel.Yf(member, Tf)
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);
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// Implicit transport through the phase
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*eqns[name] +=
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phase.rho()*KD*Yf
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- fvm::Sp(phase.rho()*KD, eqns[name]->psi());
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// Sum the mass transfer rate
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dmdtExplicit += dmdtSign*phase.rho()*KD*Yf;
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dmdt -= dmdtSign*phase.rho()*KD*eqns[name]->psi();
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// Explicit transport out of the other phase
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if (eqns.found(otherName))
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{
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*eqns[otherName] -=
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otherPhase.rho()*KD*compositionModel.dY(member, Tf);
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}
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}
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}
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return eqnsPtr;
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}
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template<class BasePhaseSystem>
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void Foam::HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::correctThermo()
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{
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BasePhaseSystem::correctThermo();
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// This loop solves for the interface temperatures, Tf, and updates the
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// interface composition models.
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//
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// The rate of heat transfer to the interface must equal the latent heat
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// consumed at the interface, i.e.:
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//
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// H1*(T1 - Tf) + H2*(T2 - Tf) == mDotL
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// == K*rho*(Yfi - Yi)*Li
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//
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// Yfi is likely to be a strong non-linear (typically exponential) function
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// of Tf, so the solution for the temperature is newton-accelerated
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forAllConstIter
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(
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phaseSystem::phasePairTable,
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this->phasePairs_,
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phasePairIter
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)
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{
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const phasePair& pair(phasePairIter());
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if (pair.ordered())
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{
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continue;
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}
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const phasePairKey key12(pair.first(), pair.second(), true);
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const phasePairKey key21(pair.second(), pair.first(), true);
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volScalarField H1(heatTransferModels_[pair][pair.first()]->K());
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volScalarField H2(heatTransferModels_[pair][pair.second()]->K());
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dimensionedScalar HSmall("small", heatTransferModel::dimK, SMALL);
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volScalarField mDotL
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(
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IOobject
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|
(
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"mDotL",
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this->mesh().time().timeName(),
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this->mesh()
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),
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this->mesh(),
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dimensionedScalar("zero", dimEnergy/dimVolume/dimTime, 0)
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);
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volScalarField mDotLPrime
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|
(
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IOobject
|
|
(
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"mDotLPrime",
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this->mesh().time().timeName(),
|
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this->mesh()
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),
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this->mesh(),
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dimensionedScalar("zero", mDotL.dimensions()/dimTemperature, 0)
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);
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volScalarField& Tf = *Tf_[pair];
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// Add latent heats from forward and backward models
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if (interfaceCompositionModels_.found(key12))
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{
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interfaceCompositionModels_[key12]->addMDotL
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|
(
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massTransferModels_[pair][pair.first()]->K(),
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Tf,
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mDotL,
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mDotLPrime
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);
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}
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if (interfaceCompositionModels_.found(key21))
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{
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interfaceCompositionModels_[key21]->addMDotL
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|
(
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massTransferModels_[pair][pair.second()]->K(),
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Tf,
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mDotL,
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mDotLPrime
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);
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}
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// Update the interface temperature by applying one step of newton's
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// method to the interface relation
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Tf -=
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(
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H1*(Tf - pair.phase1().thermo().T())
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+ H2*(Tf - pair.phase2().thermo().T())
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+ mDotL
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)
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/(
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max(H1 + H2 + mDotLPrime, HSmall)
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);
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// Update the interface compositions
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if (interfaceCompositionModels_.found(key12))
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{
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interfaceCompositionModels_[key12]->update(Tf);
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}
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if (interfaceCompositionModels_.found(key21))
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{
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interfaceCompositionModels_[key21]->update(Tf);
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}
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Tf.correctBoundaryConditions();
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Info<< "Tf." << pair.name()
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<< ": min = " << min(Tf.internalField())
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<< ", mean = " << average(Tf.internalField())
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<< ", max = " << max(Tf.internalField())
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<< endl;
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}
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}
|
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|
|
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template<class BasePhaseSystem>
|
|
bool Foam::HeatAndMassTransferPhaseSystem<BasePhaseSystem>::read()
|
|
{
|
|
if (BasePhaseSystem::read())
|
|
{
|
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bool readOK = true;
|
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|
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// Models ...
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return readOK;
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}
|
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else
|
|
{
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
// ************************************************************************* //
|