git-svn-id: svn://svn.icms.temple.edu/lammps-ro/trunk@3428 f3b2605a-c512-4ea7-a41b-209d697bcdaa
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@ -327,8 +327,8 @@ of each style or click on the style itself for a full description:
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<TR ALIGN="center"><TD ><A HREF = "fix_nve_asphere.html">nve/asphere</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_nve_limit.html">nve/limit</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_nve_noforce.html">nve/noforce</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_nve_sphere.html">nve/sphere</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_nvt.html">nvt</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_nvt_asphere.html">nvt/asphere</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_nvt_sllod.html">nvt/sllod</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_nvt_sphere.html">nvt/sphere</A></TD></TR>
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<TR ALIGN="center"><TD ><A HREF = "fix_orient_fcc.html">orient/fcc</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_planeforce.html">planeforce</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_poems.html">poems</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_pour.html">pour</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_press_berendsen.html">press/berendsen</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_print.html">print</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_rdf.html">rdf</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_reax_bonds.html">reax/bonds</A></TD></TR>
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<TR ALIGN="center"><TD ><A HREF = "fix_recenter.html">recenter</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_rigid.html">rigid</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_setforce.html">setforce</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_shake.html">shake</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_spring.html">spring</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_spring_rg.html">spring/rg</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_spring_self.html">spring/self</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_temp_berendsen.html">temp/berendsen</A></TD></TR>
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<TR ALIGN="center"><TD ><A HREF = "fix_temp_rescale.html">temp/rescale</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_thermal_conductivity.html">thermal/conductivity</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_tmd.html">tmd</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_ttm.html">ttm</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_viscosity.html">viscosity</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_viscous.html">viscous</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall_colloid.html">wall/colloid</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall_gran.html">wall/gran</A></TD></TR>
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<TR ALIGN="center"><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall_lj126.html">wall/lj126</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall_lj93.html">wall/lj93</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall_reflect.html">wall/reflect</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wiggle.html">wiggle</A>
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<TR ALIGN="center"><TD ><A HREF = "fix_temp_rescale.html">temp/rescale</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_thermal_conductivity.html">thermal/conductivity</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_tmd.html">tmd</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_ttm.html">ttm</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_viscosity.html">viscosity</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_viscous.html">viscous</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall.html">wall/colloid</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall_gran.html">wall/gran</A></TD></TR>
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<TR ALIGN="center"><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall.html">wall/lj126</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall.html">wall/lj93</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wall_reflect.html">wall/reflect</A></TD><TD ><A HREF = "fix_wiggle.html">wiggle</A>
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</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P>These are fix styles contributed by users, which can be used if
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@ -50,33 +50,34 @@ fix zwalls all wall/colloid zlo 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.858 zhi 40.0 1.0 1.0 0.858
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</P>
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<P>Bound the simulation domain on one or more of its faces with a flat
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wall that interacts with the atoms in the group by generating a force
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on the atom in a direction perpendicular to the wall. The energy E of
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on the atom in a direction perpendicular to the wall. The energy of
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wall-particle interactions depends on the style.
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</P>
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<P>For style <I>wall/lj93</I>, the energy is given by the 9/3 potential:
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<P>For style <I>wall/lj93</I>, the energy E is given by the 9/3 potential:
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</P>
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<CENTER><IMG SRC = "Eqs/fix_wall_lj93.jpg">
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</CENTER>
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<P>For style <I>wall/lj126</I>, the energy is given by the 12/6 potential:
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<P>For style <I>wall/lj126</I>, the energy E is given by the 12/6 potential:
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</P>
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<CENTER><IMG SRC = "Eqs/pair_lj.jpg">
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</CENTER>
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<P>For style <I>wall/colloid</I>, the energy is given by an integrated form of
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<P>For style <I>wall/colloid</I>, the energy E is given by an integrated form of
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the <A HREF = "pair_colloid.html">pair_style colloid</A> potential:
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</P>
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<CENTER><IMG SRC = "Eqs/fix_wall_colloid.jpg">
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</CENTER>
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<P>In all cases, <I>r</I> is the distance from the particle to the wall
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<I>coord</I>, and Rc is the <I>cutoff</I> distance at which the particle and
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wall no longer interact, as specified in the command. The energy of
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the wall potential is shifted so that the energy of the wall-particle
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interaction is 0.0 at the cutoff distance.
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<P>In all cases, <I>r</I> is the distance from the particle to the wall at
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position <I>coord</I>, and Rc is the <I>cutoff</I> distance at which the
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particle and wall no longer interact. The energy of the wall
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potential is shifted so that the wall-particle interaction energy is
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0.0 at the cutoff distance.
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</P>
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<P>For the <I>wall/lj93</I> and <I>wall/lj126</I> styles, <I>epsilon</I> and <I>sigma</I> are
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the usual Lennard-Jones parameters, which determine the strength and
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size of the particle as it interacts with the wall. Note that this
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<I>sigma</I> may be different than any <I>sigma</I> values defined for a pair
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style that computes particle-particle interactions.
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<I>epsilon</I> and <I>sigma</I> may be different than any <I>epsilon</I> or <I>sigma</I>
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values defined for a pair style that computes particle-particle
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interactions.
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</P>
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<P>The <I>wall/lj93</I> interaction is derived by integrating over a 3d
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half-lattice of Lennard-Jones 12/6 particles. The <I>wall/lj126</I>
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@ -92,18 +93,18 @@ center to the wall.
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</P>
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<P>The <I>wall/colloid</I> interaction is derived by integrating over
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constituent LJ particles of size <I>sigma</I> within the colloid particle
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and a 3d half-lattice of Lennard-Jones 12/6 particles with the same
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<I>sigma</I> in the wall.
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and a 3d half-lattice of Lennard-Jones 12/6 particles of size <I>sigma</I>
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in the wall.
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</P>
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<P>If the <I>vel</I> keyword is specified, the position of all walls will move
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during the simulation in a perpendicular direction, based on their
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initial position (coord), the specified velocity (vel), and the time
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initial <I>coord</I> position, the specified velocity <I>vel</I>, and the time
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elapsed since the beginning of the simulation. See the note below
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about making a wall move continuously across multiple runs. A
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positive velocity means each wall moves inward, towards the center of
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the box. I.e. an <I>xlo</I> wall will move in the +x direction; an <I>xhi</I>
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wall will move in the -x direction. A negative velocity means each
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wall moves outward, away from the center of the box. If you want
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the box. I.e. an <I>xlo</I> wall will move in the +x direction and an
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<I>xhi</I> wall will move in the -x direction. A negative velocity means
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each wall moves outward, away from the center of the box. If you want
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different walls to move with different velocities, then you need to
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use multiple fix wall commands.
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</P>
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@ -113,13 +114,13 @@ direction, according to the equation:
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</P>
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<PRE>position = pos0 + A sin (omega * delta)
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</PRE>
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<P>where <I>pos0</I> is the position at the time the beginning of the
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simulation, <I>A</I> is the <I>amplitude</I>, <I>omega</I> is 2 PI / <I>period</I>, and
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<I>delta</I> is the time elapsed since the beginning of the simulation.
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See the note below about making a wall oscillate continuously across
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multiple runs. A positive amplitude means each wall initially moves
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inward, towards the center of the box. I.e. an <I>xlo</I> wall will move
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initially in the +x direction; an <I>xhi</I> wall will move in the -x
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<P>where <I>pos0</I> is the position at the beginning of the simulation, <I>A</I>
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is the <I>amplitude</I>, <I>omega</I> is 2 PI / <I>period</I>, and <I>delta</I> is the
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time elapsed since the beginning of the simulation. See the note
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below about making a wall oscillate continuously across multiple runs.
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A positive amplitude means each wall initially moves inward, towards
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the center of the box. I.e. an <I>xlo</I> wall will move initially in the
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+x direction and an <I>xhi</I> wall will move initially in the -x
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direction. A negative velocity means each wall moves initially
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outward, away from the center of the box. If you want different walls
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to oscillate with different amplitudes or periods, then you need to
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@ -135,14 +136,18 @@ fix to add the energy of interaction between atoms and each wall to
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the system's potential energy as part of <A HREF = "thermo_style.html">thermodynamic
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output</A>.
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</P>
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<P>This fix computes a scalar energy and a 3-vector of forces (on the
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walls), which can be accessed by various <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#4_15">output
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<P>This fix computes a scalar energy and a 6-length vector of forces (one
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force magnitude per wall), which can be accessed by various <A HREF = "Section_howto.html#4_15">output
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commands</A>. The scalar and vector values
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calculated by this fix are "extensive", meaning they scale with the
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number of atoms in the simulation. Note that if you define multiple
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walls, then the energy and force will be summed over all the walls.
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If you want the energy/force on a per-wall basis, you need to use
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multiple fix wall commands.
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number of atoms in the simulation. Note that the scalar energy is the
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sum of interactions with all defined walls. If you want the energy on
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a per-wall basis, you need to use multiple fix wall commands. The 6
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vector quantities are the force on the <I>xlo</I> wall, the <I>xhi</I> wall,
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<I>ylo</I>, <I>yhi</I>, <I>zlo</I>, <I>zhi</I>. These values will only be non-zero if the
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corresponding wall is defined. Note that an outward force on a wall
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will be a negative value for <I>lo</I> walls and a positive value for <I>hi</I>
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walls.
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</P>
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<P>This fix can change the position of each wall, due to the <I>vel</I> or
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<I>wiggle</I> keywords, continuously over multiple runs, using the <I>start</I>
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@ -126,14 +126,18 @@ fix to add the energy of interaction between atoms and each wall to
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the system's potential energy as part of "thermodynamic
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output"_thermo_style.html.
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This fix computes a scalar energy and a 3-vector of forces (on the
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walls), which can be accessed by various "output
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This fix computes a scalar energy and a 6-length vector of forces (one
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force magnitude per wall), which can be accessed by various "output
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commands"_Section_howto.html#4_15. The scalar and vector values
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calculated by this fix are "extensive", meaning they scale with the
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number of atoms in the simulation. Note that if you define multiple
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walls, then the energy and force will be summed over all the walls.
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If you want the energy/force on a per-wall basis, you need to use
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multiple fix wall commands.
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number of atoms in the simulation. Note that the scalar energy is the
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sum of interactions with all defined walls. If you want the energy on
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a per-wall basis, you need to use multiple fix wall commands. The 6
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vector quantities are the force on the {xlo} wall, the {xhi} wall,
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{ylo}, {yhi}, {zlo}, {zhi}. These values will only be non-zero if the
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corresponding wall is defined. Note that an outward force on a wall
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will be a negative value for {lo} walls and a positive value for {hi}
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walls.
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This fix can change the position of each wall, due to the {vel} or
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{wiggle} keywords, continuously over multiple runs, using the {start}
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