TUT: deleting flamePropagationWithObstacles

.gitlab/issue_templates/bug.md

@@ -49,10 +49,10 @@
 
 <!--
   Providing details of your set-up can help us identify any issues, e.g.
-  OpenFOAM version : v2506|v2412|v2406|v2312|v2306 etc
-  Operating system : ubuntu|openSUSE|RedHat etc
+  OpenFOAM version : v1806|v1812|v1906 etc
+  Operating system : ubuntu|openSUSE|centos etc
   Hardware info    : any info that may help?
-  Compiler         : gcc|clang etc
+  Compiler         : gcc|intel|clang etc
  -->
 
 - OpenFOAM version :

.gitmodules

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 [submodule "cfmesh"]
-	path = plugins/cfmesh
+	path = modules/cfmesh
 	url = https://develop.openfoam.com/Community/integration-cfmesh.git
 [submodule "avalanche"]
-	path = plugins/avalanche
+	path = modules/avalanche
 	url = https://develop.openfoam.com/Community/avalanche.git
 [submodule "adios"]
 	path = modules/adios
@@ -17,9 +17,3 @@
 [submodule "external-solver"]
 	path = modules/external-solver
 	url = https://develop.openfoam.com/Modules/external-solver.git
-[submodule "turbulence-community"]
-	path = plugins/turbulence-community
-	url = https://gitlab.com/openfoam/community/tc-turbulence/turbulence-community.git
-[submodule "plugins/data-community"]
-	path = plugins/data-community
-	url = https://gitlab.com/openfoam/community/sig-data-modelling/data-community.git

Allwmake

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ wmake -check-dir "$WM_PROJECT_DIR" 2>/dev/null || {
 }
 if [ -f "$WM_PROJECT_DIR"/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments ]
 then  . "$WM_PROJECT_DIR"/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments || \
-    echo "Argument parse error"
+    echo "Argument parse error";
 else
     echo "Error (${0##*/}) : WM_PROJECT_DIR appears to be incorrect"
     echo "    Check your OpenFOAM environment and installation"
@@ -23,23 +23,23 @@ else
     echo "mpirun=$(command -v mpirun || true)"
 fi
 echo
-# Report compiler information. First non-blank line from --version output
+# Report compiler information
 compiler="$(wmake -show-path-cxx 2>/dev/null || true)"
 if [ -x "$compiler" ]
 then
     echo "compiler=$compiler"
-    "$compiler" --version 2>/dev/null | sed -e '/^$/d;q'
+    "$compiler" --version 2>/dev/null | sed -ne '1p'
 else
     echo "compiler=unknown"
 fi
 
 echo
-echo ========================================
+echo "========================================"
 date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z" 2>/dev/null || echo "date is unknown"
 echo "Starting compile ${WM_PROJECT_DIR##*/} ${0##*/}"
-echo "  $WM_COMPILER ${WM_COMPILER_TYPE:-system} compiler [${WM_COMPILE_CONTROL}]"
+echo "  $WM_COMPILER ${WM_COMPILER_TYPE:-system} compiler"
 echo "  ${WM_OPTIONS}, with ${WM_MPLIB} ${FOAM_MPI}"
-echo ========================================
+echo "========================================"
 echo
 
 # Compile tools for wmake
@@ -62,40 +62,27 @@ else
     echo "Skip ThirdParty (no directory)"
 fi
 
-# OpenFOAM libraries
+echo "========================================"
+echo "Compile OpenFOAM libraries"
+echo
 src/Allwmake $targetType $*
 
-# OpenFOAM applications
+echo "========================================"
+echo "Compile OpenFOAM applications"
+echo
 applications/Allwmake $targetType $*
 
-#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Additional components
+# Additional components/modules
+if [ "$FOAM_MODULE_PREFIX" = false ]
+then
+    echo "========================================"
+    echo "OpenFOAM modules disabled (prefix=false)"
+    echo
+elif [ -d "$WM_PROJECT_DIR/modules" ]
+then
+    (cd "$WM_PROJECT_DIR/modules" 2>/dev/null && wmake -all)
+fi
 
-case "$FOAM_MODULE_PREFIX" in
-(false | none)
-    echo ========================================
-    echo "OpenFOAM modules disabled (prefix=${FOAM_MODULE_PREFIX})"
-    echo "Can be built separately:"
-    echo
-    echo "    ./Allwmake-modules -prefix=..."
-    echo
-    echo ========================================
-    echo
-    ;;
-(*)
-    # Use wmake -all instead of Allwmake to allow for overrides
-    ( cd "$WM_PROJECT_DIR/modules" 2>/dev/null && wmake -all )
-
-    echo ========================================
-    echo "The optional plugins can be built separately:"
-    echo
-    echo "    ./Allwmake-plugins -prefix=..."
-    echo
-    echo ========================================
-    echo
-esac
-
-#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Count files in given directory. Ignore "Test-*" binaries.
 _foamCountDirEntries()
 {
@@ -106,18 +93,16 @@ _foamCountDirEntries()
 # Some summary information
 echo
 date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z" 2>/dev/null || echo "date is unknown"
-echo ========================================
+echo "========================================"
 echo "  ${WM_PROJECT_DIR##*/}"
 echo "  $WM_COMPILER ${WM_COMPILER_TYPE:-system} compiler"
 echo "  ${WM_OPTIONS}, with ${WM_MPLIB} ${FOAM_MPI}"
 echo
-
-# The api/patch information
-sed -e 's/^/  /; s/=/ = /' ./META-INFO/api-info 2>/dev/null || true
-
-echo "  bin = $(_foamCountDirEntries "$FOAM_APPBIN") entries"
-echo "  lib = $(_foamCountDirEntries "$FOAM_LIBBIN") entries"
+echo "  api   = $(etc/openfoam -show-api 2>/dev/null)"
+echo "  patch = $(etc/openfoam -show-patch 2>/dev/null)"
+echo "  bin   = $(_foamCountDirEntries "$FOAM_APPBIN") entries"
+echo "  lib   = $(_foamCountDirEntries "$FOAM_LIBBIN") entries"
 echo
-echo ========================================
+echo "========================================"
 
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Allwmake-modules

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-cd "${0%/*}" || exit            # Run from this directory
-set -- -no-recursion "$@"       # Parse arguments only
-
-# Run from OPENFOAM top-level directory only
-wmake -check-dir "$WM_PROJECT_DIR" 2>/dev/null || {
-    echo "Error (${0##*/}) : not located in \$WM_PROJECT_DIR"
-    echo "    Check your OpenFOAM environment and installation"
-    exit 1
-}
-if [ -f "$WM_PROJECT_DIR"/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments ]
-then  . "$WM_PROJECT_DIR"/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments || \
-    echo "Argument parse error"
-else
-    echo "Error (${0##*/}) : WM_PROJECT_DIR appears to be incorrect"
-    echo "    Check your OpenFOAM environment and installation"
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Additional components
-
-case "$FOAM_MODULE_PREFIX" in
-(false | none)
-    echo ========================================
-    echo "OpenFOAM modules disabled (prefix=${FOAM_MODULE_PREFIX})"
-    echo "Can be built separately:"
-    echo
-    echo "    ./Allwmake-modules -prefix=..."
-    echo
-    echo ========================================
-    echo
-    ;;
-(*)
-    # Use wmake -all instead of Allwmake to allow for overrides
-    ( cd "$WM_PROJECT_DIR/modules" 2>/dev/null && wmake -all )
-esac
-
-#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Allwmake-plugins

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-cd "${0%/*}" || exit            # Run from this directory
-set -- -no-recursion "$@"       # Parse arguments only
-
-# Run from OPENFOAM top-level directory only
-wmake -check-dir "$WM_PROJECT_DIR" 2>/dev/null || {
-    echo "Error (${0##*/}) : not located in \$WM_PROJECT_DIR"
-    echo "    Check your OpenFOAM environment and installation"
-    exit 1
-}
-if [ -f "$WM_PROJECT_DIR"/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments ]
-then  . "$WM_PROJECT_DIR"/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments || \
-    echo "Argument parse error"
-else
-    echo "Error (${0##*/}) : WM_PROJECT_DIR appears to be incorrect"
-    echo "    Check your OpenFOAM environment and installation"
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Additional components
-
-case "$FOAM_MODULE_PREFIX" in
-(false | none)
-    echo ========================================
-    echo "OpenFOAM plugins disabled (prefix=${FOAM_MODULE_PREFIX})"
-    echo "Can be built separately:"
-    echo
-    echo "    ./Allwmake-plugins -prefix=..."
-    echo
-    echo ========================================
-    echo
-    ;;
-(*)
-    # Use wmake -all instead of Allwmake to allow for overrides
-    ( cd "$WM_PROJECT_DIR/plugins" 2>/dev/null && wmake -all )
-esac
-
-#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CONTRIBUTORS.md

@@ -1,41 +1,29 @@
 # Contributors to OpenFOAM
 
-The following is a list of known contributors to OpenFOAM.
+The following is an list of known contributors to OpenFOAM.
 It is likely incomplete...
 
 ## Contributors (alphabetical by surname)
 
-- Horacio Aguerre
-- Yu Ankun
-- Tetsuo Aoyagi
-- Akira Azami
-- Pete Bachant
 - William Bainbridge
 - Gabriel Barajas
 - Kutalmis Bercin
-- Julius Bergmann
 - Ivor Clifford
 - Greg Collecutt
 - Jonathan Cranford
-- Santiago Marquez Damian
 - Sergio Ferraris
 - Matej Forman
 - Marian Fuchs
-- Gabriel Gerlero
 - Pawan Ghildiyal
 - Chris Greenshields
 - Bernhard Gschaider
 - Andrew Heather
 - David Hill
-- Crist<73>bal Ib<49><62>ez
-- Yoshiaki Inoue
 - Mattijs Janssens
 - Andrew Jackson
 - Hrvoje Jasak
 - Alexander Kabat vel Job
 - Thilo Knacke
-- Shannon Leakey
-- Sergey Lesnik
 - Tommaso Lucchini
 - Graham Macpherson
 - Alexey Matveichev
@@ -48,7 +36,6 @@ It is likely incomplete...
 - Victor Olesen
 - Evangelos Papoutsis-Kiachagias
 - Juho Peltola
-- Josep Pocurull
 - Johan Roenby
 - Henrik Rusche
 - Bruno Santos
@@ -59,15 +46,11 @@ It is likely incomplete...
 - Gavin Tabor
 - Zeljko Tukovic
 - Eugene De Villiers
-- Louis Vittoz
-- Vuko Vukcevic
 - Yi Wang
 - Norbert Weber
-- Gregor Weiss
-- Volker Weissmann
 - Henry Weller
 - Niklas Wikstrom
-- Guanyang Xue
 - Thorsten Zirwes
 
+
 <!----------------------------------------------------------------------------->

META-INFO/README.md

@@ -3,9 +3,8 @@
 Meta-information is generally for OpenFOAM internal use only.
 
 The format, content and meaning may be changed at anytime without
-prior notice.
-If any of these are changed, these are some of places that will need
-to be updated accordingly:
+notice. If any of these are changed, these are some of places that
+will need to be updated accordingly:
 
   - bin/foamEtcFile
   - bin/tools/foamConfigurePaths
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ Format: `date +%y%m`
 
 - 4-digit year-month (YYMM) integer corresponding to the major
   release or in unusual cases an intermediate release.
-  Example, `2106` for the June-2021 release.
+  Example, `1712` for the Dec-2017 release.
 
 
 #### patch
@@ -79,9 +78,9 @@ the saved information needs synchronization. The command
 
 ### Notes
 
-The saved information is split into two separate files.
-The `api-info` file contains more permanent information,
-whereas the `build-info` is more transient in nature.
+The saved information is split into two separate files. The `api-info`
+contains more permanent information, whereas the `build-info` is more
+transient in nature.
 
 ----
-2021-06-09
+2020-06-23

META-INFO/api-info

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-api=2506
-patch=0
+api=2012
+patch=210210

README.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ individual and group contributors, integrations
 [governance guided activities](https://www.openfoam.com/governance/).
 
 
-## License
+## Copyright
 
 OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
@@ -27,11 +27,10 @@ may redistribute files.
 OpenCFD Ltd grants use of its OpenFOAM trademark by Third Parties on a
 licence basis. ESI Group and OpenFOAM Foundation Ltd are currently
 permitted to use the Name and agreed Domain Name. For information on
-trademark use, please refer to the
-[trademark policy guidelines][link trademark].
+trademark use, please refer to the [trademark policy guidelines](http://www.openfoam.com/legal/trademark-policy.php).
 
 Please [contact OpenCFD](http://www.openfoam.com/contact) if you have
-any questions about the use of the OpenFOAM trademark.
+any questions on the use of the OpenFOAM trademark.
 
 Violations of the Trademark are monitored, and will be duly prosecuted.
 
@@ -40,9 +39,9 @@ Violations of the Trademark are monitored, and will be duly prosecuted.
 
 If OpenFOAM has already been compiled on your system, simply source
 the appropriate `etc/bashrc` or `etc/cshrc` file and get started.
-For example, for the OpenFOAM-v2506 version:
+For example, for the OpenFOAM-v1912 version:
 ```
-source /installation/path/OpenFOAM-v2506/etc/bashrc
+source /installation/path/OpenFOAM-v1912/etc/bashrc
 ```
 
 ## Compiling OpenFOAM
@@ -56,11 +55,6 @@ guides:
 | [ThirdParty][repo third] | [readme][link third-readme] | [system requirements][link third-require] | [build][link third-build] |
 
 
-If you need to modify the versions or locations of ThirdParty
-software, please read how the
-[OpenFOAM configuration][wiki-config] is structured.
-
-
 ## How do I know which version I am currently using?
 
 The value of the `$WM_PROJECT_DIR` or even `$WM_PROJECT_VERSION` are
@@ -69,19 +63,19 @@ not guaranteed to have any correspondence to the OpenFOAM release
 information is embedded into each application. For example, as
 displayed from `blockMesh -help`:
 ```
-Using: OpenFOAM-com (2012) - visit www.openfoam.com
-Build: b830beb5ea-20210429 (patch=210414)
+Using: OpenFOAM-v1812.local (1812) - visit www.openfoam.com
+Build: 65d6551ff7-20190530 (patch=190531)
 Arch:  LSB;label=32;scalar=64
 ```
 This output contains all of the more interesting information that we need:
 
 | item                  | value         |
 |-----------------------|---------------|
-| version               | com  (eg, local development branch) |
-| api                   | 2012          |
-| commit                | b830beb5ea    |
-| author date           | 20210429      |
-| patch-level           | (20)210414    |
+| version               | v1812.local   |
+| api                   | 1812          |
+| commit                | 65d6551ff7    |
+| author date           | 20190530      |
+| patch-level           | (20)190531    |
 | label/scalar size     | 32/64 bits    |
 
 The Arch information may also include the `solveScalar` size
@@ -96,19 +90,19 @@ when OpenFOAM has not yet been compiled:
 ```
 $ wmake -build-info
 make
-    api = 2012
-    patch = 210414
+    api = 1812
+    patch = 190531
     branch = master
-    build = 308af39136-20210426
+    build = 65d6551ff7-20190530
 ```
 Similar information is available with `foamEtcFile`, using the
 `-show-api` or `-show-patch` options. For example,
 ```
 $ foamEtcFile -show-api
-2012
+1812
 
 $ foamEtcFile -show-patch
-210414
+190531
 ```
 This output will generally be the easiest to parse for scripts.
 The `$FOAM_API` convenience environment variable may not reflect the
@@ -127,8 +121,8 @@ These 3rd-party sources are normally located in a directory parallel
 to the OpenFOAM directory. For example,
 ```
 /path/parent
-|-- OpenFOAM-v2506
-\-- ThirdParty-v2506
+|-- OpenFOAM-v1912
+\-- ThirdParty-v1912
 ```
 There are, however, many cases where this simple convention is inadequate:
 
@@ -136,7 +130,7 @@ There are, however, many cases where this simple convention is inadequate:
   operating system or cluster installation provides it)
 
 * When we have changed the OpenFOAM directory name to some arbitrary
-  directory name, e.g. openfoam-sandbox2412, etc..
+  directory name, e.g. openfoam-sandbox1912, etc..
 
 * When we would like any additional 3rd party software to be located
   inside of the OpenFOAM directory to ensure that the installation is
@@ -156,14 +150,17 @@ when locating the ThirdParty directory with the following precedence:
 2. PREFIX/ThirdParty-VERSION
    * this corresponds to the traditional approach
 3. PREFIX/ThirdParty-vAPI
-   * allows for an updated value of VERSION, *eg*, `v2506-myCustom`,
+   * allows for an updated value of VERSION, *eg*, `v1912-myCustom`,
      without requiring a renamed ThirdParty. The API value would still
-     be `2412` and the original `ThirdParty-v2506/` would be found.
+     be `1912` and the original `ThirdParty-v1912/` would be found.
 4. PREFIX/ThirdParty-API
-   * same as the previous example, but using an unadorned API value.
+   * this is the same as the previous example, but using an unadorned
+     API value. This also makes sense if the chosen version name also
+     uses the unadorned API value in its naming, *eg*,
+     `1912-patch190131`, `1912.19W03`
 5. PREFIX/ThirdParty-common
-   * permits maximum reuse for various versions, for experienced
-     users who are aware of potential version incompatibilities
+   * permits maximum reuse for various versions, for experienced user
+     who are aware of potential version incompatibilities
 
 If none of these directories are found to be suitable, it reverts to
 using PROJECT/ThirdParty as a dummy location (even if the directory
@@ -187,21 +184,18 @@ ThirdParty directory will contain either an `Allwmake` file or a
 
 <!-- OpenFOAM -->
 
-[link trademark]: https://www.openfoam.com/opencfd-limited-trade-mark-policy
-
 [repo openfoam]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/
 [repo third]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/ThirdParty-common/
 
 [link openfoam-readme]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/blob/develop/README.md
 [link openfoam-issues]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/blob/develop/doc/BuildIssues.md
+[link openfoam-config]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/blob/develop/doc/Config.md
 [link openfoam-build]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/blob/develop/doc/Build.md
 [link openfoam-require]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/blob/develop/doc/Requirements.md
 [link third-readme]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/ThirdParty-common/blob/develop/README.md
 [link third-build]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/ThirdParty-common/blob/develop/BUILD.md
 [link third-require]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/ThirdParty-common/blob/develop/Requirements.md
 
-[wiki-config]: https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/-/wikis/configuring
-
 
 ## Useful Links
 
@@ -209,8 +203,8 @@ ThirdParty directory will contain either an `Allwmake` file or a
 - [Documentation](http://www.openfoam.com/documentation)
 - [Reporting bugs/issues/feature requests](http://www.openfoam.com/code/bug-reporting.php)
 - [Issue tracker](https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/-/issues)
-- [Code wiki](https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/-/wikis/) and [General wiki](http://wiki.openfoam.com/)
-- [Governance](http://www.openfoam.com/governance/), [Governance Projects](https://www.openfoam.com/governance/projects)
+- [Code wiki](https://develop.openfoam.com/Development/openfoam/-/wikis/) and [general wiki](http://wiki.openfoam.com/)
+- [Community](http://www.openfoam.com/community/), [Governance](http://www.openfoam.com/governance/)
 - [Contacting OpenCFD](http://www.openfoam.com/contact/)
 
-Copyright 2016-2024 OpenCFD Ltd
+Copyright 2016-2020 OpenCFD Ltd

applications/Allwmake

@@ -8,29 +8,19 @@ wmake -check-dir "$WM_PROJECT_DIR/applications" 2>/dev/null || {
 }
 if [ -f "$WM_PROJECT_DIR"/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments ]
 then  . "$WM_PROJECT_DIR"/wmake/scripts/AllwmakeParseArguments || \
-    echo "Argument parse error"
+    echo "Argument parse error";
 else
     echo "Error (${0##*/}) : WM_PROJECT_DIR appears to be incorrect"
     echo "    Check your OpenFOAM environment and installation"
     exit 1
 fi
 
-echo ========================================
-echo Compile OpenFOAM applications
-echo ========================================
-
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-wmake -all $targetType utilities
 wmake -all $targetType solvers
+wmake -all $targetType utilities
 
-# Extra tools (optional)
+# Optional
 ## wmake -all $targetType tools
 
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-echo ========================================
-echo Done OpenFOAM applications
-echo ========================================
-
-#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

applications/solvers/DNS/dnsFoam/dnsFoam.C

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
                 fvm::laplacian(rAUf, p) == fvc::div(phiHbyA)
             );
 
-            pEqn.solve(p.select(piso.finalInnerIter()));
+            pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(piso.finalInnerIter())));
 
             phi = phiHbyA - pEqn.flux();
 

applications/solvers/acoustic/acousticFoam/Make/options

@@ -11,5 +11,4 @@ EXE_LIBS = \
     -lfvOptions \
     -lmeshTools \
     -lsampling \
-    -lregionFaModels \
-    -lfiniteArea
+    -lregionFaModels

applications/solvers/acoustic/acousticFoam/readTransportProperties.H

@@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ dimensionedScalar rho("rho", dimDensity, transportProperties);
 
 scalar MaxCo =
     max(mesh.surfaceInterpolation::deltaCoeffs()*c0).value()
-   *runTime.deltaTValue();
+   *runTime.deltaT().value();
 
 Info<< "Max acoustic Courant Number = " << MaxCo << endl;

applications/solvers/basic/laplacianFoam/overLaplacianDyMFoam/Make/options

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ EXE_INC = \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/meshTools/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/dynamicFvMesh/lnInclude \
     -I$(LIB_SRC)/overset/lnInclude \
-    -I$(LIB_SRC)/overset/include/lnInclude
 
 EXE_LIBS = \
     -lfiniteVolume \

applications/solvers/basic/laplacianFoam/overLaplacianDyMFoam/createFields.H

@@ -31,25 +31,3 @@
     Info<< "Reading diffusivity DT\n" << endl;
 
     dimensionedScalar DT("DT", dimViscosity, transportProperties);
-
-    bool oversetPatchErrOutput =
-        simple.dict().getOrDefault("oversetPatchErrOutput", false);
-
-    // Dummy phi for oversetPatchErrOutput
-    tmp<surfaceScalarField> tdummyPhi;
-    if (oversetPatchErrOutput)
-    {
-        tdummyPhi = tmp<surfaceScalarField>::New
-        (
-            IOobject
-            (
-                "dummyPhi",
-                runTime.timeName(),
-                mesh,
-                IOobject::NO_READ,
-                IOobject::NO_WRITE
-            ),
-            mesh,
-            dimensionedScalar(dimless, Zero)
-        );
-    }

applications/solvers/basic/laplacianFoam/overLaplacianDyMFoam/overLaplacianDyMFoam.C

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
-    Copyright (C) 2016-2022 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2016-2017 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ Description
 #include "fvOptions.H"
 #include "simpleControl.H"
 #include "dynamicFvMesh.H"
-#include "oversetPatchPhiErr.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -100,11 +99,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             fvOptions.constrain(TEqn);
             TEqn.solve();
             fvOptions.correct(T);
-
-            if (oversetPatchErrOutput)
-            {
-                oversetPatchPhiErr(TEqn, tdummyPhi.ref());
-            }
         }
 
         #include "write.H"

applications/solvers/basic/potentialFoam/createFields.H

@@ -13,14 +13,7 @@ volVectorField U
 );
 
 // Initialise the velocity internal field to zero
-// Note: explicitly bypass evaluation of contraint patch overrides
-//       (e.g. swirlFanVelocity might lookup phi,rho)
-//U = dimensionedVector(U.dimensions(), Zero);
-{
-    const dimensionedVector dt(U.dimensions(), Zero);
-    U.internalFieldRef() = dt;
-    U.boundaryFieldRef() = dt.value();
-}
+U = dimensionedVector(U.dimensions(), Zero);
 
 surfaceScalarField phi
 (

applications/solvers/basic/potentialFoam/overPotentialFoam/createFields.H

@@ -1,4 +1,125 @@
-#include "../createFields.H"
+Info<< "Reading velocity field U\n" << endl;
+volVectorField U
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        "U",
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::MUST_READ,
+        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+    ),
+    mesh
+);
+
+// Initialise the velocity internal field to zero
+U = dimensionedVector(U.dimensions(), Zero);
+
+surfaceScalarField phi
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        "phi",
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::NO_READ,
+        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+    ),
+    fvc::flux(U)
+);
+
+if (args.found("initialiseUBCs"))
+{
+    U.correctBoundaryConditions();
+    phi = fvc::flux(U);
+}
+
+
+// Construct a pressure field
+// If it is available read it otherwise construct from the velocity BCs
+// converting fixed-value BCs to zero-gradient and vice versa.
+
+// Allow override from command-line -pName option
+const word pName = args.getOrDefault<word>("pName", "p");
+
+// Infer the pressure BCs from the velocity
+wordList pBCTypes
+(
+    U.boundaryField().size(),
+    fixedValueFvPatchScalarField::typeName
+);
+
+forAll(U.boundaryField(), patchi)
+{
+    if (U.boundaryField()[patchi].fixesValue())
+    {
+        pBCTypes[patchi] = zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField::typeName;
+    }
+}
+
+// Note that registerObject is false for the pressure field. The pressure
+// field in this solver doesn't have a physical value during the solution.
+// It shouldn't be looked up and used by sub models or boundary conditions.
+Info<< "Constructing pressure field " << pName << nl << endl;
+volScalarField p
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        pName,
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
+        IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+        false
+    ),
+    mesh,
+    dimensionedScalar(sqr(dimVelocity), Zero),
+    pBCTypes
+);
+
+// Infer the velocity potential BCs from the pressure
+wordList PhiBCTypes
+(
+    p.boundaryField().size(),
+    zeroGradientFvPatchScalarField::typeName
+);
+
+forAll(p.boundaryField(), patchi)
+{
+    if (p.boundaryField()[patchi].fixesValue())
+    {
+        PhiBCTypes[patchi] = fixedValueFvPatchScalarField::typeName;
+    }
+}
+
+Info<< "Constructing velocity potential field Phi\n" << endl;
+volScalarField Phi
+(
+    IOobject
+    (
+        "Phi",
+        runTime.timeName(),
+        mesh,
+        IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
+        IOobject::NO_WRITE
+    ),
+    mesh,
+    dimensionedScalar(dimLength*dimVelocity, Zero),
+    PhiBCTypes
+);
+
+label PhiRefCell = 0;
+scalar PhiRefValue = 0;
+setRefCell
+(
+    Phi,
+    potentialFlow.dict(),
+    PhiRefCell,
+    PhiRefValue
+);
+mesh.setFluxRequired(Phi.name());
+
+#include "createMRF.H"
 
 // Add solver-specific interpolations
 {

applications/solvers/basic/potentialFoam/overPotentialFoam/overPotentialFoam.C

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2017-2022 OpenCFD Ltd
+    Copyright (C) 2017 OpenCFD Ltd
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@ Description
     \heading Options
     \plaintable
         -writep   | write the Euler pressure
-        -writephi | Write the final volumetric flux
         -writePhi | Write the final velocity potential
         -initialiseUBCs | Update the velocity boundaries before solving for Phi
     \endplaintable
@@ -118,12 +117,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         "Initialise U boundary conditions"
     );
 
-    argList::addBoolOption
-    (
-        "writephi",
-        "Write the final volumetric flux field"
-    );
-
     argList::addBoolOption
     (
         "writePhi",
@@ -142,8 +135,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
         "Execute functionObjects"
     );
 
-    #include "addRegionOption.H"
-    #include "addCheckCaseOptions.H"
     #include "setRootCaseLists.H"
     #include "createTime.H"
     #include "createNamedDynamicFvMesh.H"
@@ -158,6 +149,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
     mesh.update();
 
+    surfaceScalarField faceMask(localMin<scalar>(mesh).interpolate(cellMask));
 
     // Since solver contains no time loop it would never execute
     // function objects so do it ourselves
@@ -203,16 +195,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             << endl;
     }
 
-    // Write U
+    // Write U and phi
     U.write();
+    phi.write();
 
-    // Optionally write the volumetric flux, phi
-    if (args.found("writephi"))
-    {
-        phi.write();
-    }
-
-    // Optionally write velocity potential, Phi
+    // Optionally write Phi
     if (args.found("writePhi"))
     {
         Phi.write();

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/EaEqn.H

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
             )
           : -betav*dpdt
         )
-      - fvm::laplacian(Db, hea)
+      - fvm::laplacian(DbThermal, hea)
       + betav*fvOptions(rho, hea)
     );
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/EauEqn.H

@@ -16,13 +16,7 @@ if (ign.ignited())
             )*rho/thermo.rhou()
           : -betav*dpdt*rho/thermo.rhou()
         )
-      - fvm::laplacian(Db, heau)
-
-        // These terms cannot be used in partially-premixed combustion due to
-        // the resultant inconsistency between ft and heau transport.
-        // A possible solution would be to solve for ftu as well as ft.
-        //- fvm::div(muEff*fvc::grad(b)/(b + 0.001), heau)
-        //+ fvm::Sp(fvc::div(muEff*fvc::grad(b)/(b + 0.001)), heau)
+      - fvm::laplacian(DbThermal, heau)
      ==
         betav*fvOptions(rho, heau)
     );

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/Make/files

@@ -1,33 +1,33 @@
 XiModels/XiModel/XiModel.C
 XiModels/XiModel/XiModelNew.C
-XiModels/fixed/fixed.C
-XiModels/algebraic/algebraic.C
-XiModels/transport/transport.C
+
+XiModels/transport/transportTwoEqs/transportTwoEqs.C
 
 XiModels/XiEqModels/XiEqModel/XiEqModel.C
 XiModels/XiEqModels/XiEqModel/XiEqModelNew.C
+
 XiModels/XiEqModels/Gulder/Gulder.C
-XiModels/XiEqModels/instabilityXiEq/instabilityXiEq.C
-XiModels/XiEqModels/SCOPEBlendXiEq/SCOPEBlendXiEq.C
-XiModels/XiEqModels/SCOPEXiEq/SCOPEXiEq.C
+XiModels/XiEqModels/instability2XiEq/instability2XiEq.C
+XiModels/XiEqModels/BLMgMaXiEq/BLMgMaXiEq.C
 
 XiModels/XiGModels/XiGModel/XiGModel.C
 XiModels/XiGModels/XiGModel/XiGModelNew.C
 XiModels/XiGModels/KTS/KTS.C
 XiModels/XiGModels/instabilityG/instabilityG.C
+XiModels/XiGModels/instability2G/instability2G.C
 
 PDRModels/turbulence/PDRkEpsilon/PDRkEpsilon.C
 
 PDRModels/dragModels/PDRDragModel/PDRDragModel.C
 PDRModels/dragModels/PDRDragModel/PDRDragModelNew.C
 PDRModels/dragModels/basic/basic.C
+PDRModels/dragModels/basicSch/basicSch.C
 
-PDRModels/XiEqModels/basicXiSubXiEq/basicXiSubXiEq.C
-PDRModels/XiGModels/basicXiSubG/basicXiSubG.C
+PDRModels/XiEqModels/normBasicXiSubXiEq/normBasicXiSubXiEq.C
+PDRModels/XiGModels/normBasicXiSubG/normBasicXiSubG.C
 
 laminarFlameSpeed/SCOPE/SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.C
 
-/*PDRFoamAutoRefine.C*/
 PDRFoam.C
 
 EXE = $(FOAM_APPBIN)/PDRFoam

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/Make/options

@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ EXE_LIBS = \
     -lengine \
     -lturbulenceModels \
     -lcompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-    -lthermoTools \
     -lcompressibleTransportModels \
     -lfluidThermophysicalModels \
     -lreactionThermophysicalModels \

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRFoam.C

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -81,8 +82,11 @@ Description
 #include "PDRDragModel.H"
 #include "ignition.H"
 #include "bound.H"
+#include "dynamicFvMesh.H"
+#include "dynamicRefineFvMesh.H"
 #include "pimpleControl.H"
 #include "fvOptions.H"
+#include "fvcSmooth.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -95,22 +99,24 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
     );
 
     #include "postProcess.H"
-
     #include "addCheckCaseOptions.H"
     #include "setRootCaseLists.H"
     #include "createTime.H"
-    #include "createMesh.H"
-    #include "createControl.H"
+
+    #include "createDynamicFvMesh.H"
+    #include "createDyMControls.H"
+    #include "initContinuityErrs.H"
+
     #include "readCombustionProperties.H"
     #include "readGravitationalAcceleration.H"
     #include "createFields.H"
     #include "createFieldRefs.H"
-    #include "initContinuityErrs.H"
-    #include "createTimeControls.H"
+
     #include "compressibleCourantNo.H"
     #include "setInitialDeltaT.H"
 
     turbulence->validate();
+
     scalar StCoNum = 0.0;
 
     // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -119,33 +125,62 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
     while (runTime.run())
     {
-        #include "readTimeControls.H"
+        #include "readDyMControls.H"
+
         #include "compressibleCourantNo.H"
         #include "setDeltaT.H"
 
         ++runTime;
-        Info<< "\n\nTime = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
-        #include "rhoEqn.H"
+        Info<< "\n\nTime = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
 
         // --- Pressure-velocity PIMPLE corrector loop
         while (pimple.loop())
         {
+            if (pimple.firstIter() || moveMeshOuterCorrectors)
+            {
+                fvc::makeAbsolute(phi, rho, U);
+
+                // Flux estimate for introduced faces.
+                volVectorField rhoU("rhoU", rho*U);
+
+                bool meshChanged = mesh.controlledUpdate();
+
+                if (runTime.write() && meshChanged)
+                {
+                    betav.write();
+                    betai.write();
+                    Blong.write();
+                    Bv.write();
+                    Lobs.write();
+                    CT.write();
+                    drag->writeFields();
+                    flameWrinkling->writeFields();
+                }
+
+                // Make the fluxes relative to the mesh motion
+                fvc::makeRelative(phi, rho, U);
+            }
+
+            if (pimple.firstIter())
+            {
+                #include "rhoEqn.H"
+            }
+
             #include "UEqn.H"
+            #include "bEqn.H"
+            #include "ftEqn.H"
+            #include "EauEqn.H"
+            #include "EaEqn.H"
+
+            if (!ign.ignited())
+            {
+                thermo.heu() == thermo.he();
+            }
 
             // --- Pressure corrector loop
             while (pimple.correct())
             {
-                #include "bEqn.H"
-                #include "ftEqn.H"
-                #include "EauEqn.H"
-                #include "EaEqn.H"
-
-                if (!ign.ignited())
-                {
-                    thermo.heu() == thermo.he();
-                }
-
                 #include "pEqn.H"
             }
 
@@ -155,12 +190,14 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
             }
         }
 
+        rho = thermo.rho();
+
         runTime.write();
 
         runTime.printExecutionTime(Info);
     }
 
-    Info<< "End\n";
+    Info<< "\nEnd\n" << endl;
 
     return 0;
 }

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRFoamAutoRefine.C

@@ -1,216 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Application
-    PDRFoam
-
-Description
-    Solver for compressible premixed/partially-premixed combustion with
-    turbulence modelling.
-
-    Combusting RANS code using the b-Xi two-equation model.
-    Xi may be obtained by either the solution of the Xi transport
-    equation or from an algebraic expression.  Both approaches are
-    based on Gulder's flame speed correlation which has been shown
-    to be appropriate by comparison with the results from the
-    spectral model.
-
-    Strain effects are incorporated directly into the Xi equation
-    but not in the algebraic approximation.  Further work need to be
-    done on this issue, particularly regarding the enhanced removal rate
-    caused by flame compression.  Analysis using results of the spectral
-    model will be required.
-
-    For cases involving very lean Propane flames or other flames which are
-    very strain-sensitive, a transport equation for the laminar flame
-    speed is present.  This equation is derived using heuristic arguments
-    involving the strain time scale and the strain-rate at extinction.
-    the transport velocity is the same as that for the Xi equation.
-
-    For large flames e.g. explosions additional modelling for the flame
-    wrinkling due to surface instabilities may be applied.
-
-    PDR (porosity/distributed resistance) modelling is included to handle
-    regions containing blockages which cannot be resolved by the mesh.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "fvCFD.H"
-#include "dynamicFvMesh.H"
-#include "psiuReactionThermo.H"
-#include "turbulentFluidThermoModel.H"
-#include "laminarFlameSpeed.H"
-#include "XiModel.H"
-#include "PDRDragModel.H"
-#include "ignition.H"
-#include "bound.H"
-#include "dynamicRefineFvMesh.H"
-#include "pimpleControl.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-    argList::addNote
-    (
-        "Solver for compressible premixed/partially-premixed combustion with"
-        " turbulence modelling."
-    );
-
-    #include "setRootCaseLists.H"
-    #include "createTime.H"
-    #include "createDynamicFvMesh.H"
-
-    pimpleControl pimple(mesh);
-
-    #include "readCombustionProperties.H"
-    #include "readGravitationalAcceleration.H"
-    #include "createFields.H"
-    #include "initContinuityErrs.H"
-    #include "createTimeControls.H"
-    #include "compressibleCourantNo.H"
-    #include "setInitialDeltaT.H"
-
-    turbulence->validate();
-    scalar StCoNum = 0.0;
-
-    // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-    Info<< "\nStarting time loop\n" << endl;
-
-    bool hasChanged = false;
-
-    while (runTime.run())
-    {
-        #include "readTimeControls.H"
-        #include "compressibleCourantNo.H"
-        #include "setDeltaT.H"
-
-        // Indicators for refinement.
-        // Note: before ++runTime only for post-processing reasons.
-        tmp<volScalarField> tmagGradP = mag(fvc::grad(p));
-        volScalarField normalisedGradP
-        (
-            "normalisedGradP",
-            tmagGradP()/max(tmagGradP())
-        );
-        normalisedGradP.writeOpt(IOobject::AUTO_WRITE);
-        tmagGradP.clear();
-
-        ++runTime;
-
-        Info<< "\n\nTime = " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
-
-        {
-            // Make the fluxes absolute
-            fvc::makeAbsolute(phi, rho, U);
-
-            // Test : disable refinement for some cells
-            bitSet& protectedCell =
-                refCast<dynamicRefineFvMesh>(mesh).protectedCell();
-
-            if (protectedCell.empty())
-            {
-                protectedCell.setSize(mesh.nCells());
-                protectedCell = false;
-            }
-
-            forAll(betav, celli)
-            {
-                if (betav[celli] < 0.99)
-                {
-                    protectedCell.set(celli);
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Flux estimate for introduced faces.
-            volVectorField rhoU("rhoU", rho*U);
-
-            // Do any mesh changes
-            bool meshChanged = mesh.update();
-
-
-            if (meshChanged)
-            {
-                hasChanged = true;
-            }
-
-            if (runTime.write() && hasChanged)
-            {
-                betav.write();
-                Lobs.write();
-                CT.write();
-                drag->writeFields();
-                flameWrinkling->writeFields();
-                hasChanged = false;
-            }
-
-            // Make the fluxes relative to the mesh motion
-            fvc::makeRelative(phi, rho, U);
-        }
-
-
-        #include "rhoEqn.H"
-
-        // --- Pressure-velocity PIMPLE corrector loop
-        while (pimple.loop())
-        {
-            #include "UEqn.H"
-
-
-            // --- Pressure corrector loop
-            while (pimple.correct())
-            {
-                #include "bEqn.H"
-                #include "ftEqn.H"
-                #include "huEqn.H"
-                #include "hEqn.H"
-
-                if (!ign.ignited())
-                {
-                    hu == h;
-                }
-
-                #include "pEqn.H"
-            }
-
-            if (pimple.turbCorr())
-            {
-                turbulence->correct();
-            }
-        }
-
-        runTime.write();
-
-        runTime.printExecutionTime(Info);
-    }
-
-    Info<< "End\n";
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/XiEqModels/basicXiSubXiEq/basicXiSubXiEq.C

@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "basicXiSubXiEq.H"
-#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiEqModels
-{
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(basicSubGrid, 0);
-    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiEqModel, basicSubGrid, dictionary);
-}
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiEqModels::basicSubGrid::basicSubGrid
-(
-    const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
-    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-    const volScalarField& Su
-)
-:
-    XiEqModel(XiEqProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su),
-
-    B_
-    (
-        IOobject
-        (
-            "B",
-            Su.mesh().facesInstance(),
-            Su.mesh(),
-            IOobject::MUST_READ,
-            IOobject::NO_WRITE
-        ),
-        Su.mesh()
-    ),
-
-    XiEqModel_(XiEqModel::New(XiEqModelCoeffs_, thermo, turbulence, Su))
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiEqModels::basicSubGrid::~basicSubGrid()
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiEqModels::basicSubGrid::XiEq() const
-{
-    const fvMesh& mesh = Su_.mesh();
-    const volVectorField& U = mesh.lookupObject<volVectorField>("U");
-
-    const volScalarField& Nv = mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Nv");
-    const volSymmTensorField& nsv =
-        mesh.lookupObject<volSymmTensorField>("nsv");
-
-    volScalarField magU(mag(U));
-    volVectorField Uhat
-    (
-        U/(mag(U) + dimensionedScalar("Usmall", U.dimensions(), 1e-4))
-    );
-
-    const scalarField Cw = pow(mesh.V(), 2.0/3.0);
-
-    volScalarField N
-    (
-        IOobject
-        (
-            "N",
-            mesh.time().constant(),
-            mesh,
-            IOobject::NO_READ,
-            IOobject::NO_WRITE
-        ),
-        mesh,
-        dimensionedScalar(Nv.dimensions(), Zero)
-    );
-    N.primitiveFieldRef() = Nv.primitiveField()*Cw;
-
-    volSymmTensorField ns
-    (
-        IOobject
-        (
-            "ns",
-            U.mesh().time().timeName(),
-            U.mesh(),
-            IOobject::NO_READ,
-            IOobject::NO_WRITE
-        ),
-        U.mesh(),
-        dimensionedSymmTensor(nsv.dimensions(), Zero)
-    );
-    ns.primitiveFieldRef() = nsv.primitiveField()*Cw;
-
-    volScalarField n(max(N - (Uhat & ns & Uhat), scalar(1e-4)));
-    volScalarField b((Uhat & B_ & Uhat)/sqrt(n));
-    volScalarField up(sqrt((2.0/3.0)*turbulence_.k()));
-
-    volScalarField XiSubEq
-    (
-        scalar(1)
-      + max(2.2*sqrt(b), min(0.34*magU/up*sqrt(b), scalar(1.6)))
-      * min(n, scalar(1))
-    );
-
-    return (XiSubEq*XiEqModel_->XiEq());
-}
-
-
-bool Foam::XiEqModels::basicSubGrid::read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties)
-{
-    XiEqModel::read(XiEqProperties);
-
-    return XiEqModel_->read(XiEqModelCoeffs_);
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/XiEqModels/basicXiSubXiEq/basicXiSubXiEq.H

@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Class
-    Foam::XiEqModels::basicSubGrid
-
-Description
-    Basic sub-grid obstacle flame-wrinkling enhancement factor model.
-    Details supplied by J Puttock 2/7/06.
-
-    <b> Sub-grid flame area generation </b>
-
-    \f$ n = N - \hat{\dwea{\vec{U}}}.n_{s}.\hat{\dwea{\vec{U}}} \f$
-    \f$ n_{r} = \sqrt{n} \f$
-
-    where:
-
-        \f$ \hat{\dwea{\vec{U}}} = \dwea{\vec{U}} / \vert \dwea{\vec{U}}
-        \vert \f$
-
-        \f$ b = \hat{\dwea{\vec{U}}}.B.\hat{\dwea{\vec{U}}} / n_{r} \f$
-
-    where:
-
-        \f$ B \f$ is the file "B".
-
-        \f$ N \f$ is the file "N".
-
-        \f$  n_{s} \f$ is the file "ns".
-
-    The flame area enhancement factor \f$ \Xi_{sub} \f$ is expected to
-    approach:
-
-    \f[
-        \Xi_{{sub}_{eq}} =
-            1 + max(2.2 \sqrt{b}, min(0.34 \frac{\vert \dwea{\vec{U}}
-            \vert}{{\vec{U}}^{'}}, 1.6)) \times min(\frac{n}{4}, 1)
-    \f]
-
-
-SourceFiles
-    basicSubGrid.C
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#ifndef basicSubGrid_H
-#define basicSubGrid_H
-
-#include "XiEqModel.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiEqModels
-{
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                          Class basicSubGrid Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-class basicSubGrid
-:
-    public XiEqModel
-{
-    // Private data
-
-        //- tblock
-        volSymmTensorField B_;
-
-        //- Equilibrium Xi model due to turbulence
-        autoPtr<XiEqModel> XiEqModel_;
-
-
-    // Private Member Functions
-
-        //- No copy construct
-        basicSubGrid(const basicSubGrid&) = delete;
-
-        //- No copy assignment
-        void operator=(const basicSubGrid&) = delete;
-
-
-public:
-
-    //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("basicSubGrid");
-
-
-    // Constructors
-
-        //- Construct from components
-        basicSubGrid
-        (
-            const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
-            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-            const volScalarField& Su
-        );
-
-
-    //- Destructor
-    virtual ~basicSubGrid();
-
-
-    // Member Functions
-
-        //- Return the flame-wrinkling XiEq
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> XiEq() const;
-
-        //- Update properties from given dictionary
-        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties);
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace XiEqModels
-} // End namespace Foam
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#endif
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/XiEqModels/normBasicXiSubXiEq/normBasicXiSubXiEq.C

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "normBasicXiSubXiEq.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "ignition.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiEqModels
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(normBasicSubGrid, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiEqModel, normBasicSubGrid, dictionary);
+}
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::XiEqModels::normBasicSubGrid::normBasicSubGrid
+(
+    const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
+    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+    const volScalarField& Su
+)
+:
+    XiEqModel(XiEqProperties, modelType,thermo, turbulence, Su),
+    Cxpe1_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("Cxpe1")),
+    Cxpe2_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("Cxpe2")),
+    Cxpe3_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("Cxpe3")),
+    Cxpe4_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("Cxpe4"))
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::XiEqModels::normBasicSubGrid::~normBasicSubGrid()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiEqModels::normBasicSubGrid::XiEq() const
+{
+    const fvMesh& mesh = Su_.mesh();
+    const volVectorField& U = mesh.lookupObject<volVectorField>("U");
+    const volScalarField& b = mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>("b");
+    const volScalarField& Nv = mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Nv");
+    const volSymmTensorField& nsv =
+        mesh.lookupObject<volSymmTensorField>("nsv");
+    const volSymmTensorField& Bv =
+        mesh.lookupObject<volSymmTensorField>("Bv");
+
+    volScalarField magU(mag(U));
+
+    const scalarField Cw(pow(mesh.V(), 2.0/3.0));
+
+    auto tN = tmp<volScalarField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tN",
+            mesh.time().constant(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh,
+        dimensionedScalar(Nv.dimensions(), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& N = tN.ref();
+
+    N.primitiveFieldRef() = Nv.primitiveField()*Cw;
+
+    auto tns = tmp<volSymmTensorField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tns",
+            mesh.time().timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh,
+        dimensionedSymmTensor(nsv.dimensions(), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& ns = tns.ref();
+
+    auto tB = tmp<volSymmTensorField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tB",
+            mesh.time().timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh,
+        dimensionedSymmTensor(Bv.dimensions(), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& B = tB.ref();
+
+    //calculating flame normal
+
+    volVectorField flNormal
+    (
+        "flNormal",
+        fvc::reconstruct(fvc::snGrad(b)*mesh.magSf())
+    );
+
+    volScalarField mgb("mgb", mag(flNormal));
+
+    dimensionedScalar dMgb("dMgb", mgb.dimensions(), SMALL);
+
+    const volScalarField bc(b*(1.0-b));
+
+    dMgb += 1.0e-8*
+        (bc*mgb)().weightedAverage(mesh.V())
+       /(bc.weightedAverage(mesh.V()) + SMALL);
+
+    mgb += dMgb;
+    flNormal /= mgb;
+
+    B.primitiveFieldRef() = Bv.primitiveField()*sqrt(Cw);
+    volScalarField Ntemp("Ntemp", N);
+    volScalarField Np("Np", max(N - (flNormal & ns & flNormal), scalar(1)));
+
+    // B_ is Bv*sqrt(Cw)
+    volScalarField bl("bl",(flNormal & B & flNormal)/sqrt(Np));
+    bl.min(1.0);
+
+    volScalarField up(sqrt((2.0/3.0)*turbulence_.k()));
+
+    IOdictionary combustionProperties
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "combustionProperties",
+            mesh.time().constant(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        )
+    );
+
+
+    ignition ign(combustionProperties, mesh.time(), mesh);
+
+    dimensionedVector ignLoc("ignLoc", dimLength, ign.sites()[0].location());
+
+    dimensionedScalar filtRad2
+    (
+        "filtRad2",
+        dimLength,
+        6.0*ign.sites()[0].diameter()
+    );
+
+    const volScalarField filDist(mag(mesh.C() - ignLoc));
+
+    const volScalarField filterMult
+    (
+        pos(filDist - filtRad2)*neg(bl - 0.99)*pos(N - 1e-3)
+    );
+
+    tmp<volScalarField> XiSubEq
+    (
+        scalar(1)
+      + min( min(Cxpe1_, Cxpe2_*magU/up)*sqrt(bl), Cxpe3_)
+      * filterMult
+    );
+
+    return XiSubEq;
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::XiEqModels::normBasicSubGrid::read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties)
+{
+    XiEqModel::read(XiEqProperties);
+
+    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("Cxpe1", Cxpe1_);
+    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("Cxpe2", Cxpe2_);
+    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("Cxpe3", Cxpe3_);
+    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("Cxpe4", Cxpe4_);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/XiEqModels/normBasicXiSubXiEq/normBasicXiSubXiEq.H

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::XiEqModels::normBasicSubGrid
+
+Description
+
+
+SourceFiles
+    normBasicSubGrid.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef normBasicSubGrid_H
+#define normBasicSubGrid_H
+
+#include "XiEqModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiEqModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                          Class normBasicSubGrid Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class normBasicSubGrid
+:
+    public XiEqModel
+{
+    // Private Data
+
+        // Constants in the equilibrium Xp equation
+        scalar Cxpe1_;
+        scalar Cxpe2_;
+        scalar Cxpe3_;
+        scalar Cxpe4_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- No copy construct
+        normBasicSubGrid(const normBasicSubGrid&) = delete;
+
+        //- No copy assignment
+        void operator=(const normBasicSubGrid&) = delete;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("normBasicSubGrid");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        normBasicSubGrid
+        (
+            const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
+            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+            const volScalarField& Su
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~normBasicSubGrid();
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return the flame-wrinkling XiEq
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> XiEq() const;
+
+        //- Update properties from given dictionary
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties);
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace XiEqModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/XiGModels/basicXiSubG/basicXiSubG.C

@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "basicXiSubG.H"
-#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiGModels
-{
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(basicSubGrid, 0);
-    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiGModel, basicSubGrid, dictionary);
-};
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiGModels::basicSubGrid::basicSubGrid
-(
-    const dictionary& XiGProperties,
-    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-    const volScalarField& Su
-)
-:
-    XiGModel(XiGProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su),
-    k1(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("k1")),
-    XiGModel_(XiGModel::New(XiGModelCoeffs_, thermo, turbulence, Su))
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiGModels::basicSubGrid::~basicSubGrid()
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::basicSubGrid::G() const
-{
-    const objectRegistry& db = Su_.db();
-    const volVectorField& U = db.lookupObject<volVectorField>("U");
-    const volScalarField& Nv = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Nv");
-    const volScalarField& Lobs = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Lobs");
-
-    tmp<volScalarField> tGtot = XiGModel_->G();
-    volScalarField& Gtot = tGtot.ref();
-
-    const scalarField Cw = pow(Su_.mesh().V(), 2.0/3.0);
-    scalarField N(Nv.primitiveField()*Cw);
-
-    forAll(N, celli)
-    {
-        if (N[celli] > 1e-3)
-        {
-            Gtot[celli] += k1*mag(U[celli])/Lobs[celli];
-        }
-    }
-
-    return tGtot;
-}
-
-
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::basicSubGrid::Db() const
-{
-    const objectRegistry& db = Su_.db();
-    const volScalarField& Xi = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Xi");
-    const volScalarField& rho = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("rho");
-    const volScalarField& mgb = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("mgb");
-    const volScalarField& Lobs = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Lobs");
-
-    return XiGModel_->Db()
-        + rho*Su_*(Xi - 1.0)*mgb*(0.5*Lobs)*Lobs/(mgb*Lobs + 1.0);
-}
-
-
-bool Foam::XiGModels::basicSubGrid::read(const dictionary& XiGProperties)
-{
-    XiGModel::read(XiGProperties);
-
-    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("k1", k1);
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/XiGModels/basicXiSubG/basicXiSubG.H

@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2013 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Class
-    Foam::XiGModels::basicSubGrid
-
-Description
-
-    Basic sub-grid obstacle flame-wrinkling generation rate coefficient model.
-    Details supplied by J Puttock 2/7/06.
-
-    \f$ G_{sub} \f$ denotes the generation coefficient and it is given by
-
-    \f[
-        G_{sub} = k_{1} /frac{\vert \dwea{\vec{U}} \vert}{L_{obs}}
-                 \frac{/Xi_{{sub}_{eq}}-1}{/Xi_{sub}}
-    \f]
-
-    and the removal:
-
-    \f[
-        - k_{1} /frac{\vert \dwea{\vec{U}} \vert}{L_{sub}}
-        \frac{\Xi_{sub}-1}{\Xi_{sub}}
-    \f]
-
-    Finally, \f$ G_{sub} \f$ is added to generation rate \f$ G_{in} \f$
-    due to the turbulence.
-
-SourceFiles
-    basicSubGrid.C
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#ifndef basicSubGrid_H
-#define basicSubGrid_H
-
-#include "XiGModel.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiGModels
-{
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                        Class basicSubGrid Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-class basicSubGrid
-:
-    public XiGModel
-{
-    // Private data
-
-        //- Sub-grid generation rate coefficient
-        scalar k1;
-
-        //- Xi generation rate model due to turbulence
-        autoPtr<XiGModel> XiGModel_;
-
-
-    // Private Member Functions
-
-        //- No copy construct
-        basicSubGrid(const basicSubGrid&) = delete;
-
-        //- No copy assignment
-        void operator=(const basicSubGrid&) = delete;
-
-
-public:
-
-    //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("basicSubGridG");
-
-
-    // Constructors
-
-        //- Construct from components
-        basicSubGrid
-        (
-            const dictionary& XiGProperties,
-            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-            const volScalarField& Su
-        );
-
-
-    //- Destructor
-    virtual ~basicSubGrid();
-
-
-    // Member Functions
-
-        //- Return the flame-wrinkling generation rate
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> G() const;
-
-        //- Return the flame diffusivity
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const;
-
-        //- Update properties from given dictionary
-        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiGProperties);
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace XiGModels
-} // End namespace Foam
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#endif
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/XiGModels/normBasicXiSubG/normBasicXiSubG.C

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "normBasicXiSubG.H"
+#include "zeroGradientFvPatchField.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiGModels
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(normBasicSubGrid, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiGModel, normBasicSubGrid, dictionary);
+}
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::XiGModels::normBasicSubGrid::normBasicSubGrid
+(
+    const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
+    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+    const volScalarField& Su
+)
+:
+    XiGModel(XiGProperties, modelType, thermo, turbulence, Su),
+//     Bv_
+//     (
+//         IOobject
+//         (
+//             "Bv",
+//             Su.mesh().facesInstance(),
+//             Su.mesh(),
+//             IOobject::MUST_READ,
+//             IOobject::NO_WRITE
+//         ),
+//         Su.mesh()
+//     ),
+    k1_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("k1")),
+    kb1_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("kb1")),
+    kbe_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("kbe")),
+    kbx_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("kbx")),
+    k2_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("k2")),
+    LOverCw_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("LOverCw"))
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::normBasicSubGrid::G() const
+{
+    const objectRegistry& db = Su_.db();
+    const fvMesh& mesh = Su_.mesh();
+    const volVectorField& U = db.lookupObject<volVectorField>("U");
+    const volScalarField& b = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("b");
+    const volScalarField& Nv = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Nv");
+    const volScalarField& St = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("St");
+    const volSymmTensorField& nsv = db.lookupObject<volSymmTensorField>("nsv");
+    const volScalarField& Lobs = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Lobs");
+    const volSymmTensorField& Bv = db.lookupObject<volSymmTensorField>("Bv");
+
+    const scalarField Cw(pow(Su_.mesh().V(), 2.0/3.0));
+    volScalarField CwVol
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "CwVol",
+            mesh.time().timeName(),
+            mesh
+        ),
+        mesh,
+        dimensionSet(dimLength),
+        Cw,
+        zeroGradientFvPatchField<scalar>::typeName
+    );
+    CwVol.correctBoundaryConditions();
+
+    if (!db.foundObject<volScalarField>("Ep"))
+    {
+        FatalErrorInFunction
+            << "Looking for Ep in db that does not exist" << nl
+            << Foam::abort(FatalError);
+    }
+
+    const volScalarField& Ep = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Ep");
+    const volScalarField& Xp = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Xp");
+    const volScalarField& Xi = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Xi");
+
+    //tmp<volScalarField> tGtot = XiGModel_->G();
+    auto tGtot = tmp<volScalarField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tGtot",
+            Su_.mesh().time().timeName(),
+            Su_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+            false
+        ),
+        Su_.mesh(),
+        dimensionedScalar(inv(dimTime), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& Gtot = tGtot.ref();
+
+    //calculating flame normal
+
+    volVectorField flNormal(fvc::reconstruct(fvc::snGrad(b)*mesh.magSf()));
+    volScalarField mgb("mgb", mag(flNormal));
+    dimensionedScalar dMgb("dMgb", mgb.dimensions(), SMALL);
+    {
+        volScalarField bc(b*(1.0-b));
+
+        dMgb += 1.0e-8*
+            (bc*mgb)().weightedAverage(mesh.V())
+           /(bc.weightedAverage(mesh.V()) + SMALL);
+    }
+    mgb += dMgb;
+    flNormal /= mgb;
+
+
+    auto tN = tmp<volScalarField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tN",
+            Su_.mesh().time().timeName(),
+            Su_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+            false
+        ),
+        Su_.mesh(),
+        dimensionedScalar(Nv.dimensions(), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& N = tN.ref();
+
+    N.primitiveFieldRef() = Nv.primitiveField()*Cw;
+
+    auto tns = tmp<volSymmTensorField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tns",
+            Su_.mesh().time().timeName(),
+            Su_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        Su_.mesh(),
+        dimensionedSymmTensor(nsv.dimensions(), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& ns = tns.ref();
+
+    ns.primitiveFieldRef() = nsv.primitiveField()*Cw;
+
+    auto tB = tmp<volSymmTensorField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tB",
+            Su_.mesh().time().timeName(),
+            Su_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        Su_.mesh(),
+        dimensionedSymmTensor(Bv.dimensions(), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& B = tB.ref();
+
+    B.primitiveFieldRef() = Bv.primitiveField()*sqrt(Cw);
+
+    volScalarField Np(max(N - (flNormal & ns & flNormal), scalar(1)));
+
+    // B_ is Bv*sqrt(Cw)
+    volScalarField bl("bl",(flNormal & B & flNormal)/sqrt(Np));
+    bl.min(1.0);
+
+    volScalarField flSpeed("flSpeed", ((U & flNormal) + St)*b/(b+SMALL)) ;
+
+    volScalarField up("up", sqrt((2.0/3.0)*turbulence_.k()));
+
+    const volScalarField Gtot1
+    (
+        "Gtot1",
+        (
+            k1_ + kb1_*min(pow(bl, kbe_), kbx_)
+        )*mag(flSpeed)/(max(Lobs, LOverCw_*CwVol))
+    );
+
+    const volScalarField Gtot2("Gtot2", k2_*Ep*Su_*Xi/(Xp - 0.999));
+
+    const volScalarField value(pos(N - 1.e-3)*neg(bl - 0.99));
+
+    Gtot = value*Gtot1+(1.0 - value)*Gtot2;
+
+
+    /// if (Xi.mesh().time().outputTime())
+    /// {
+    ///     Gtot.write();
+    ///     bl.write();
+    ///     Lobs.write();
+    ///     flSpeed.write();
+    ///     N.write();
+    /// }
+
+    return tGtot;
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::normBasicSubGrid::Db() const
+{
+    // Not used //
+    const objectRegistry& db = Su_.db();
+    const volScalarField& Xi = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Xi");
+    const volScalarField& rho = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("rho");
+    const volScalarField& mgb = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("mgb");
+    const volScalarField& Lobs = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Lobs");
+    const volScalarField& Db = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Db");
+
+    //return  turbulence_.muEff()
+    return Db + rho*Su_*(Xi - 1.0)*mgb*(0.5*Lobs)*Lobs/(mgb*Lobs + 1.0);
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::XiGModels::normBasicSubGrid::read(const dictionary& XiGProperties)
+{
+    XiGModel::read(XiGProperties);
+
+    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("k1", k1_);
+    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("kb1", kb1_);
+    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("kbe", kbe_);
+    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("kbx", kbx_);
+    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("k2", k2_);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/XiGModels/normBasicXiSubG/normBasicXiSubG.H

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::XiGModel::normBasicSubGrid
+
+Description
+
+
+SourceFiles
+    normBasicSubGrid.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef normBasicSubGrid_H
+#define normBasicSubGrid_H
+
+#include "XiGModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiGModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                          Class normBasicSubGrid Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class normBasicSubGrid
+:
+    public XiGModel
+{
+    // Private Data
+
+        //- Sub-grid generation rate coefficient
+        scalar k1_;
+
+        //- Sub-grid generation rate coefficient - * sqrt(b)
+        scalar kb1_;
+
+        //- Sub-grid generation rate coefficient - * b
+        scalar kbe_;
+
+        //- Sub-grid generation rate upper limit coefficient - * b
+        scalar kbx_;
+
+        //- Sub-grid generation rate coefficient
+        scalar k2_;
+
+        //- Maximum Lobs/CellWidth
+        scalar LOverCw_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- No copy construct
+        normBasicSubGrid(const normBasicSubGrid&) = delete;
+
+        //- No copy assignment
+        void operator=(const normBasicSubGrid&) = delete;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("normBasicSubGridG");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        normBasicSubGrid
+        (
+            const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
+            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+            const volScalarField& Su
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~normBasicSubGrid() = default;
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return the flame-wrinkling generation rate
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> G() const;
+
+        //- Return the flame diffusivity
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const;
+
+        //- Update properties from given dictionary
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiGProperties);
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace XiGModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/dragModels/PDRDragModel/PDRDragModel.C

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Foam::PDRDragModel::~PDRDragModel()
 
 bool Foam::PDRDragModel::read(const dictionary& PDRProperties)
 {
-    PDRDragModelCoeffs_ = PDRProperties.optionalSubDict(type() + "Coeffs");
+    PDRDragModelCoeffs_ = PDRProperties.subDict(type() + "Coeffs");
 
     PDRDragModelCoeffs_.readEntry("drag", on_);
 
@@ -89,4 +89,10 @@ bool Foam::PDRDragModel::read(const dictionary& PDRProperties)
 }
 
 
+void Foam::PDRDragModel::writeFields() const
+{
+    NotImplemented;
+}
+
+
 // ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/dragModels/PDRDragModel/PDRDragModel.H

@@ -57,10 +57,9 @@ class PDRDragModel
 :
     public regIOobject
 {
-
 protected:
 
-    // Protected data
+    // Protected Data
 
         dictionary PDRDragModelCoeffs_;
 
@@ -72,9 +71,7 @@ protected:
         bool on_;
 
 
-private:
-
-    // Private Member Functions
+    // Protected Member Functions
 
         //- No copy construct
         PDRDragModel(const PDRDragModel&) = delete;
@@ -146,7 +143,7 @@ public:
     // Member Functions
 
         //- Return true if the drag model is switched on
-        bool on() const
+        bool on() const noexcept
         {
             return on_;
         }
@@ -161,17 +158,16 @@ public:
         using regIOobject::read;
 
         //- Update properties from given dictionary
-        virtual bool read(const dictionary& PDRProperties) = 0;
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& PDRProperties);
 
+        //- Write Data
         virtual bool writeData(Ostream&) const
         {
             return true;
         }
 
-        virtual void writeFields() const
-        {
-            NotImplemented;
-        }
+        //- Write fields
+        virtual void writeFields() const;
 };
 
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/dragModels/PDRDragModel/PDRDragModelNew.C

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
-    Copyright (C) 2019-2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2019 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ Foam::autoPtr<Foam::PDRDragModel> Foam::PDRDragModel::New
 
     Info<< "Selecting drag model " << modelType << endl;
 
-    auto* ctorPtr = dictionaryConstructorTable(modelType);
+    auto cstrIter = dictionaryConstructorTablePtr_->cfind(modelType);
 
-    if (!ctorPtr)
+    if (!cstrIter.found())
     {
         FatalIOErrorInLookup
         (
@@ -56,10 +56,7 @@ Foam::autoPtr<Foam::PDRDragModel> Foam::PDRDragModel::New
         ) << exit(FatalIOError);
     }
 
-    return autoPtr<PDRDragModel>
-    (
-        ctorPtr(dict, turbulence, rho, U, phi)
-    );
+    return autoPtr<PDRDragModel>(cstrIter()(dict, turbulence, rho, U, phi));
 }
 
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/dragModels/basic/basic.C

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
-    Copyright (C) 2023 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2011 OpenFOAM Foundation
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -94,10 +93,16 @@ Foam::PDRDragModels::basic::~basic()
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volSymmTensorField> Foam::PDRDragModels::basic::Dcu() const
 {
-    auto tDragDcu = volSymmTensorField::New
+    auto tDragDcu = tmp<volSymmTensorField>::New
     (
-        "tDragDcu",
-        IOobject::NO_REGISTER,
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tDragDcu",
+            U_.mesh().time().constant(),
+            U_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
         U_.mesh(),
         dimensionedSymmTensor(dimMass/dimTime/dimVolume, Zero)
     );
@@ -118,10 +123,16 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volSymmTensorField> Foam::PDRDragModels::basic::Dcu() const
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::PDRDragModels::basic::Gk() const
 {
-    auto tGk = volScalarField::New
+    auto tGk = tmp<volScalarField>::New
     (
-        "tGk",
-        IOobject::NO_REGISTER,
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tGk",
+            U_.mesh().time().constant(),
+            U_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
         U_.mesh(),
         dimensionedScalar(dimMass/dimLength/pow3(dimTime), Zero)
     );
@@ -140,6 +151,7 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::PDRDragModels::basic::Gk() const
           + Csk*betav*turbulence_.muEff()*sqr(Aw_)*magSqr(U_);
     }
 
+
     return tGk;
 }
 
@@ -161,4 +173,5 @@ void Foam::PDRDragModels::basic::writeFields() const
     CR_.write();
 }
 
+
 // ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/dragModels/basic/basic.H

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class basic
 :
     public PDRDragModel
 {
-    // Private data
+    // Private Data
 
         dimensionedScalar Csu;
         dimensionedScalar Csk;

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/dragModels/basicSch/basicSch.C

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "basicSch.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace PDRDragModels
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(basicSch, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(PDRDragModel, basicSch, dictionary);
+}
+}
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::PDRDragModels::basicSch::basicSch
+(
+    const dictionary& PDRProperties,
+    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+    const volScalarField& rho,
+    const volVectorField& U,
+    const surfaceScalarField& phi
+)
+:
+    PDRDragModel(PDRProperties,turbulence, rho, U, phi),
+    Csu("Csu", dimless, PDRDragModelCoeffs_),
+    Csk("Csk", dimless, PDRDragModelCoeffs_),
+    Aw_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Aw",
+            U_.mesh().facesInstance(),
+            U_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        U_.mesh()
+    ),
+
+    CR_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "CR",
+            U_.mesh().facesInstance(),
+            U_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        U_.mesh()
+    ),
+    nrCoef_(PDRDragModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("nrCoef")),
+    nrExp2_(PDRDragModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("nrExp2")),
+    lCoef_(PDRDragModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("lCoef")),
+    maxSchFac_(PDRDragModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("maxSchFac")),
+    subGridSchelkin_(PDRDragModelCoeffs_.get<bool>("subGridSchelkin"))
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::PDRDragModels::basicSch::~basicSch()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volSymmTensorField> Foam::PDRDragModels::basicSch::Dcu() const
+{
+    auto tDragDcu = tmp<volSymmTensorField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tDragDcu",
+            U_.mesh().time().constant(),
+            U_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        U_.mesh(),
+        dimensionedSymmTensor(dimMass/dimTime/dimVolume, Zero)
+    );
+    auto& DragDcu = tDragDcu.ref();
+
+    if (on_)
+    {
+        const volScalarField& betav =
+            U_.db().lookupObject<volScalarField>("betav");
+
+        DragDcu =
+            (0.5*rho_)*CR_*mag(U_) + (Csu*I)*betav*turbulence_.muEff()*sqr(Aw_);
+    }
+
+    return tDragDcu;
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::PDRDragModels::basicSch::Gk() const
+{
+    auto tGk = tmp<volScalarField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tGk",
+            U_.mesh().time().constant(),
+            U_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        U_.mesh(),
+        dimensionedScalar(dimMass/dimLength/pow3(dimTime), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& Gk = tGk.ref();
+
+    if (on_)
+    {
+        const volScalarField& betav =
+            U_.db().lookupObject<volScalarField>("betav");
+
+        const volSymmTensorField& CT =
+            U_.db().lookupObject<volSymmTensorField>("CT");
+
+        Gk =
+            (0.5*rho_)*mag(U_)*(U_ & CT & U_)
+          + Csk*betav*turbulence_.muEff()*sqr(Aw_)*magSqr(U_);
+
+        if (subGridSchelkin_)
+        {
+            Gk *= this->SchelkinFactor();
+        }
+    }
+
+    return tGk;
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
+Foam::PDRDragModels::basicSch::SchelkinFactor() const
+{
+    const volScalarField& Su_ = U_.db().lookupObject<volScalarField>("Su");
+    const volScalarField& rhou_ = U_.db().lookupObject<volScalarField>("rhou");
+    const volScalarField& muu_ = U_.db().lookupObject<volScalarField>("muu");
+
+    auto tfac = tmp<volScalarField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tfac",
+            U_.mesh().time().constant(),
+            U_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        U_.mesh(),
+        dimensionedScalar(dimless, Zero)
+    );
+    auto& schFac = tfac.ref();
+
+    const volScalarField& k = turbulence_.k();
+    const volScalarField& epsilon = turbulence_.epsilon();
+
+    const volScalarField up(sqrt((2.0/3.0)*k));
+    const volScalarField l(lCoef_*sqrt(3.0/2.0)*up*k/epsilon);
+
+    volScalarField Rs(Su_*l*rhou_/muu_);
+
+    if (subGridSchelkin_)
+    {
+        schFac = max
+        (
+            1.0,
+            min
+            (
+                maxSchFac_,
+                pow(Rs, 2.0 * SchelkinExponent(nrCoef_, nrExp2_, Su_))
+            )
+        );
+    }
+
+    return tfac;
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::PDRDragModels::basicSch::SchelkinExponent
+(
+    const scalar nrCoef,
+    const scalar nrExp,
+    const volScalarField& Su
+) const
+{
+    const fvMesh& mesh = Su.mesh();
+
+    const volVectorField& U = mesh.lookupObject<volVectorField>("U");
+
+    const volScalarField& Nv = mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Nv");
+    const volSymmTensorField& nsv =
+        mesh.lookupObject<volSymmTensorField>("nsv");
+
+    auto tN = tmp<volScalarField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tN",
+            mesh.time().timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+            false
+        ),
+        mesh,
+        dimensionedScalar(Nv.dimensions(), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& N = tN.ref();
+
+    N.primitiveFieldRef() = Nv.primitiveField()*pow(mesh.V(), 2.0/3.0);
+
+    auto tns = tmp<volSymmTensorField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tns",
+            mesh.time().timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh,
+        dimensionedSymmTensor(nsv.dimensions(), Zero)
+    );
+    auto& ns = tns.ref();
+
+    ns.primitiveFieldRef() = nsv.primitiveField()*pow(mesh.V(), 2.0/3.0);
+
+    const volVectorField Uhat
+    (
+        U/(mag(U) + dimensionedScalar("Usmall", U.dimensions(), 1e-4))
+    );
+
+    const volScalarField nr(sqrt(max(N - (Uhat & ns & Uhat), scalar(1.0))));
+
+    //Re use tN
+    N.primitiveFieldRef() =
+        nrCoef*((scalar(1.0) - pow(nrExp, nr))/(1.0 - nrExp) - scalar(1.0));
+
+    return tN;
+
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::PDRDragModels::basicSch::read(const dictionary& PDRProperties)
+{
+    PDRDragModel::read(PDRProperties);
+
+    PDRDragModelCoeffs_.readEntry("Csu", Csu.value());
+    PDRDragModelCoeffs_.readEntry("Csk", Csk.value());
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+void Foam::PDRDragModels::basicSch::writeFields() const
+{
+    Aw_.write();
+    CR_.write();
+}
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/dragModels/basicSch/basicSch.H

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::PDRDragModels::basicSch
+
+Description
+
+SourceFiles
+    basicSch.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef basicSch_H
+#define basicSch_H
+
+#include "PDRDragModel.H"
+#include "XiEqModel.H"
+
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace PDRDragModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                          Class basicSch Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class basicSch
+:
+    public PDRDragModel
+{
+    // Private Data
+
+        dimensionedScalar Csu;
+        dimensionedScalar Csk;
+        volScalarField Aw_;
+        volSymmTensorField CR_;
+
+        //- Schelkin effect Model constants
+        const scalar nrCoef_;
+        const scalar nrExp2_;
+        const scalar lCoef_;
+        const scalar maxSchFac_;
+
+        //- Use sub-grid Schelkin effect
+        bool subGridSchelkin_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- No copy construct
+        basicSch(const basicSch&) = delete;
+
+        //- No copy assignment
+        void operator=(const basicSch&) = delete;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("basicSch");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        basicSch
+        (
+            const dictionary& PDRProperties,
+            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+            const volScalarField& rho,
+            const volVectorField& U,
+            const surfaceScalarField& phi
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~basicSch();
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return the momentum drag coefficient
+        virtual tmp<volSymmTensorField> Dcu() const;
+
+        //- Return the momentum drag turbulence generation rate
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Gk() const;
+
+        //- Update properties from given dictionary
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& PDRProperties);
+
+        //- Write fields
+        void writeFields() const;
+
+        //- Return the Schelkin factor for drag turbulence generation rate
+        tmp<volScalarField> SchelkinFactor() const;
+
+        //- Return the sub-grid Schelkin effect exponent
+        tmp<volScalarField> SchelkinExponent
+        (
+            const scalar,
+            const scalar,
+            const volScalarField&
+        ) const;
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace PDRDragModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/turbulence/PDRkEpsilon/PDRkEpsilon.C

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
-    Copyright (C) 2019-2020,2023 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2019-2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ License
 #include "PDRkEpsilon.H"
 #include "PDRDragModel.H"
 #include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "Time.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -70,16 +71,40 @@ PDRkEpsilon::PDRkEpsilon
         modelName
     ),
 
-    C4_
+    C5_(coeffDict_.get<scalar>("C5")),
+    C6_(coeffDict_.get<scalar>("C6")),
+    maxLOverCellW_(coeffDict_.get<scalar>("maxLOverCellW")),
+    lCoef_(coeffDict_.get<scalar>("lCoef")),
+    noTurbUntil_
     (
-        dimensioned<scalar>::getOrAddToDict
+        dimensioned<scalar>::lookupOrAddToDict
         (
-            "C4",
+            "noTurbUntil",
             coeffDict_,
-            0.1
+            0.0
         )
-    )
-{}
+    ),
+    LOverLobs_
+    (
+        dimensioned<scalar>::lookupOrAddToDict
+        (
+            "LOverLobs",
+            coeffDict_,
+            0.2
+        )
+    ),
+    LOverMobs_
+    (
+        dimensioned<scalar>::lookupOrAddToDict
+        (
+            "LOverMobs",
+            coeffDict_,
+            0.0
+        )
+    ),
+    bMin_(coeffDict_.get<scalar>("bMin")),
+    flameFilteredG_(coeffDict_.get<bool>("flameFilteredG"))
+ {}
 
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -94,7 +119,9 @@ bool PDRkEpsilon::read()
 {
     if (RASModel::read())
     {
-        C4_.readIfPresent(coeffDict_);
+        noTurbUntil_.readIfPresent(coeffDict_);
+        LOverLobs_.readIfPresent(coeffDict_);
+        LOverMobs_.readIfPresent(coeffDict_);
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -110,16 +137,12 @@ void PDRkEpsilon::correct()
         nut_ = Cmu_*sqr(k_)/epsilon_;
         nut_.correctBoundaryConditions();
 
-        // Re-calculate thermal diffusivity
-        //***HGWalphat_ = mut_/Prt_;
-        //alphat_.correctBoundaryConditions();
-
         return;
     }
 
     RASModel::correct();
 
-    volScalarField divU(fvc::div(phi_/fvc::interpolate(rho_)));
+    volScalarField divU("divU",fvc::div(phi_/fvc::interpolate(rho_)));
 
     if (mesh_.moving())
     {
@@ -127,16 +150,13 @@ void PDRkEpsilon::correct()
     }
 
     tmp<volTensorField> tgradU = fvc::grad(U_);
+
     volScalarField G(GName(), rho_*nut_*(tgradU() && dev(twoSymm(tgradU()))));
+
     tgradU.clear();
 
     // Update epsilon and G at the wall
     epsilon_.boundaryFieldRef().updateCoeffs();
-    // Push new cell values to
-    // coupled neighbours. Note that we want to avoid the re-updateCoeffs
-    // of the wallFunctions so make sure to bypass the evaluate on
-    // those patches and only do the coupled ones.
-    epsilon_.boundaryFieldRef().evaluateCoupled<coupledFvPatch>();
 
     // Add the blockage generation term so that it is included consistently
     // in both the k and epsilon equations
@@ -146,59 +166,102 @@ void PDRkEpsilon::correct()
     const volScalarField& Lobs =
         U_.db().lookupObject<volScalarField>("Lobs");
 
+    const volVectorField& U = mesh_.lookupObject<volVectorField>("U");
+
+    const volScalarField& b = mesh_.lookupObject<volScalarField>("b");
+
+    const scalarField Cw(pow(mesh_.V(), 2.0/3.0));
+
     const PDRDragModel& drag =
         U_.db().lookupObject<PDRDragModel>("PDRDragModel");
 
     volScalarField GR(drag.Gk());
 
-    volScalarField LI
-        (C4_*(Lobs + dimensionedScalar("minLength", dimLength, VSMALL)));
-
-    // Dissipation equation
-    tmp<fvScalarMatrix> epsEqn
+    volScalarField LD
     (
-        betav*fvm::ddt(rho_, epsilon_)
-      + fvm::div(phi_, epsilon_)
-      - fvm::laplacian(rho_*DepsilonEff(), epsilon_)
-     ==
-        C1_*betav*G*epsilon_/k_
-      + 1.5*pow(Cmu_, 3.0/4.0)*GR*sqrt(k_)/LI
-      - fvm::SuSp(((2.0/3.0)*C1_)*betav*rho_*divU, epsilon_)
-      - fvm::Sp(C2_*betav*rho_*epsilon_/k_, epsilon_)
+        "LD",
+        (LOverLobs_)*(Lobs + dimensionedScalar("minLength", dimLength, VSMALL))
     );
 
-    epsEqn.ref().relax();
+    LD.primitiveFieldRef() = min(LD.primitiveField(), maxLOverCellW_*sqrt(Cw));
 
-    epsEqn.ref().boundaryManipulate(epsilon_.boundaryFieldRef());
+    const volScalarField LI(lCoef_*pow(k_, 3.0/2.0)/epsilon_);
 
-    solve(epsEqn);
-    bound(epsilon_, epsilonMin_);
-
-
-    // Turbulent kinetic energy equation
-
-    tmp<fvScalarMatrix> kEqn
+    IOdictionary combustionProperties
     (
-        betav*fvm::ddt(rho_, k_)
-      + fvm::div(phi_, k_)
-      - fvm::laplacian(rho_*DkEff(), k_)
-     ==
-        betav*G + GR
-      - fvm::SuSp((2.0/3.0)*betav*rho_*divU, k_)
-      - fvm::Sp(betav*rho_*epsilon_/k_, k_)
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "combustionProperties",
+            mesh_.time().constant(),
+            mesh_,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        )
     );
 
-    kEqn.ref().relax();
-    solve(kEqn);
-    bound(k_, kMin_);
+    ignition ign(combustionProperties, mesh_.time(), U.mesh());
 
+    dimensionedVector ignLoc("ignLoc", dimLength, ign.sites()[0].location());
+
+    dimensionedScalar filtRad2
+    (
+        "filtRad2",
+        dimLength,
+        6.0*ign.sites()[0].diameter()
+    );
+
+    if (flameFilteredG_)
+    {
+        const volScalarField filDist(mag(mesh_.C() - ignLoc));
+        const volScalarField filterG(pos(filDist - filtRad2));
+        const volScalarField filterdivU(pos(filDist - filtRad2));
+        const volScalarField filterGR(pos(filDist - filtRad2)*pos(b - bMin_));
+
+        G *= filterG;
+        GR *= filterGR;
+        divU *= filterdivU;
+    }
+
+    volScalarField Cl(C5_ + (C6_*((LI - LD)/LI)));
+    Cl.max(0.0);
+
+    if (mesh_.time() > noTurbUntil_)
+    {
+        tmp<fvScalarMatrix> epsEqn
+        (
+            betav*fvm::ddt(rho_, epsilon_)
+          + fvm::div(phi_, epsilon_)
+          - fvm::laplacian(rho_*DepsilonEff(), epsilon_)
+        ==
+            C1_*betav*G*epsilon_/k_
+          + Cl*(epsilon_/k_)*GR
+          - fvm::SuSp(((2.0/3.0)*C1_+C3_)*betav*rho_*divU, epsilon_)
+          - fvm::Sp(C2_*betav*rho_*epsilon_/k_, epsilon_)
+        );
+
+        epsEqn.ref().relax();
+        epsEqn.ref().boundaryManipulate(epsilon_.boundaryFieldRef());
+        solve(epsEqn);
+        bound(epsilon_, epsilonMin_);
+
+        tmp<fvScalarMatrix> kEqn
+        (
+            betav*fvm::ddt(rho_, k_)
+        + fvm::div(phi_, k_)
+        - fvm::laplacian(rho_*DkEff(), k_)
+        ==
+          (betav*G + GR)
+        - fvm::SuSp((2.0/3.0)*betav*rho_*divU, k_)
+        - fvm::Sp(betav*rho_*epsilon_/k_, k_)
+        );
+
+        kEqn.ref().relax();
+        solve(kEqn);
+        bound(k_, kMin_);
+    }
     // Re-calculate viscosity
     nut_ = Cmu_*sqr(k_)/epsilon_;
     nut_.correctBoundaryConditions();
-
-    // Re-calculate thermal diffusivity
-    //***HGWalphat_ = mut_/Prt_;
-    //alphat_.correctBoundaryConditions();
 }
 
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/PDRModels/turbulence/PDRkEpsilon/PDRkEpsilon.H

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -30,30 +31,6 @@ Description
     Standard k-epsilon turbulence model with additional source terms
     corresponding to PDR basic drag model (\link basic.H \endlink)
 
-    The default model coefficients correspond to the following:
-    \verbatim
-        PDRkEpsilonCoeffs
-        {
-            Cmu         0.09;
-            C1          1.44;
-            C2          1.92;
-            C3          -0.33;  // only for compressible
-            C4          0.1;
-            sigmak      1.0;    // only for compressible
-            sigmaEps    1.3;
-            Prt         1.0;    // only for compressible
-        }
-    \endverbatim
-
-    The turbulence source term \f$ G_{R} \f$ appears in the
-    \f$ \kappa-\epsilon \f$ equation for the generation of turbulence due to
-    interaction with unresolved obstacles.
-
-    In the \f$ \epsilon  \f$ equation \f$ C_{1} G_{R} \f$ is added as a source
-    term.
-
-    In the \f$ \kappa \f$ equation \f$ G_{R} \f$ is added as a source term.
-
 SourceFiles
     PDRkEpsilon.C
 
@@ -63,6 +40,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #define compressiblePDRkEpsilon_H
 
 #include "kEpsilon.H"
+#include "ignition.H"
 #include "turbulentFluidThermoModel.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -88,10 +66,18 @@ class PDRkEpsilon
         >
     >
 {
-    // Private data
+    // Private Data
 
         // Model coefficients
-        dimensionedScalar C4_;
+        scalar C5_;
+        scalar C6_;
+        scalar maxLOverCellW_;
+        scalar lCoef_;
+        dimensionedScalar noTurbUntil_;
+        dimensionedScalar LOverLobs_;
+        dimensionedScalar LOverMobs_;
+        scalar bMin_;
+        bool flameFilteredG_;
 
 
 public:

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/StCourantNo.H

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2011 OpenFOAM Foundation
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -36,10 +36,9 @@ Description
 
     if (mesh.nInternalFaces())
     {
-       scalarField sumPhi
+        scalarField sumPhi
         (
-            fvc::surfaceSum(mag(phiSt))().primitiveField()
-          / rho.primitiveField()
+            fvc::surfaceSum(mag(phiSt))().primitiveField()/rho.primitiveField()
         );
 
         StCoNum = 0.5*gMax(sumPhi/mesh.V().field())*runTime.deltaTValue();

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/UEqn.H

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
-    MRF.correctBoundaryVelocity(U);
-
     fvVectorMatrix UEqn
     (
         betav*fvm::ddt(rho, U) + fvm::div(phi, U)
-      + MRF.DDt(rho, U)
       + turbulence->divDevRhoReff(U)
      ==
         betav*rho*g

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/BLMgMaXiEq/BLMgMaXiEq.C

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "BLMgMaXiEq.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiEqModels
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(BLMgMaXiEq, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiEqModel, BLMgMaXiEq, dictionary);
+}
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::XiEqModels::BLMgMaXiEq::BLMgMaXiEq
+(
+    const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
+    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+    const volScalarField& Su
+)
+:
+    XiEqModel(XiEqProperties, modelType, thermo, turbulence, Su),
+    kaCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("kaCoef")),
+    lowK0_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("lowK0")),
+    lowKg_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("lowKg")),
+    XiEqCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("XiEqCoef")),
+    alphaCoefP_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("alphaCoefP")),
+    betaCoefP_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("betaCoefP")),
+    alphaCoefN_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("alphaCoefN")),
+    betaCoefN_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("betaCoefN")),
+    maLim_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("maLim")),
+    maLim1_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("maLim1")),
+    quenchCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("quenchCoef")),
+    quenchExp_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("quenchExp")),
+    quenchM_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("quenchM")),
+    quenchRate1_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("quenchRate1")),
+    quenchRate2_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("quenchRate2")),
+    lCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("lCoef")),
+    SuMin_(0.01*Su.average()),
+    uPrimeCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("uPrimeCoef")),
+    nrExp_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("nrExp")),
+    subGridSchelkin_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<bool>("subGridSchelkin")),
+    MaModel
+    (
+        IOdictionary
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "combustionProperties",
+                Su.mesh().time().constant(),
+                Su.mesh(),
+                IOobject::MUST_READ
+            )
+        ),
+        thermo
+    )
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::XiEqModels::BLMgMaXiEq::~BLMgMaXiEq()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiEqModels::BLMgMaXiEq::XiEq() const
+{
+    const volScalarField& k = turbulence_.k();
+    const volScalarField& epsilon = turbulence_.epsilon();
+    volScalarField up("up", sqrt((2.0/3.0)*k));
+    if (subGridSchelkin_)
+    {
+        up.primitiveFieldRef() +=
+            calculateSchelkinEffect(uPrimeCoef_, nrExp_);
+    }
+
+    volScalarField l(lCoef_*sqrt(3.0/2.0)*up*k/epsilon);
+    volScalarField Rl(up*l*thermo_.rhou()/thermo_.muu());
+
+    volScalarField upBySu("upBySu", up/(Su_ + SuMin_));
+    volScalarField K("K", kaCoef_*upBySu*upBySu/sqrt(Rl));
+    volScalarField Ma("Ma", MaModel.Ma());
+
+    volScalarField regime("regime", MaModel.Ma()*scalar(0.0));
+
+    auto tXiEq = tmp<volScalarField>::New
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "XiEq",
+            epsilon.time().timeName(),
+            epsilon.db(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        epsilon.mesh(),
+        dimensionedScalar(dimless, Zero)
+    );
+
+    const objectRegistry& db = Su_.db();
+
+    const volScalarField& b = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("b");
+
+    const volScalarField multiP1(0.0*pos(b - 0.99) + 1.0*neg(b - 0.99));
+    const volScalarField multiP2(1.0*pos(b - 0.01) + 0.0*neg(b - 0.01));
+
+    volScalarField& xieq = tXiEq.ref();
+
+    forAll(xieq, celli)
+    {
+        scalar alpha;
+        scalar beta;
+        scalar gulderMa;
+
+        if (Ma[celli]>= 0)
+        {
+            gulderMa =
+                1.0
+              + (0.1402 - 0.007*Ma[celli])
+              * upBySu[celli]*sqrt(upBySu[celli]/K[celli]);
+
+            regime[celli] = multiP1[celli]*multiP2[celli];
+
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            gulderMa =
+                1.0
+              + (0.005*Ma[celli]*Ma[celli]+0.01*Ma[celli] + 0.125)
+              * upBySu[celli]*sqrt(upBySu[celli]/K[celli]);
+
+             regime[celli] = 2*multiP1[celli]*multiP2[celli];
+        }
+
+
+        if (K[celli] < (lowK0_ + lowKg_*Ma[celli]) )
+        {
+            xieq[celli] = gulderMa;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (Ma[celli] >= 0.0)
+            {
+                alpha = alphaCoefP_*(maLim_ - Ma[celli]);
+                beta = betaCoefP_*(maLim_ - Ma[celli]);
+                regime[celli] = 3*multiP1[celli]*multiP2[celli];
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                alpha = alphaCoefN_*(maLim1_ - Ma[celli]) ;
+                beta = betaCoefN_*(maLim_ + Ma[celli]);
+                regime[celli] = 4*multiP1[celli]*multiP2[celli];
+            }
+            xieq[celli] = XiEqCoef_*alpha*pow(K[celli], beta)*upBySu[celli];
+        }
+
+        if (Ma[celli] > -3.0 && Ma[celli] < 11.0)
+        {
+            scalar K0p8 = quenchCoef_*pow( Ma[celli] - quenchM_, quenchExp_);
+            scalar quenchRate = quenchRate1_ + quenchRate2_*Ma[celli];
+            if (K[celli] > (K0p8 - 0.223/quenchRate))
+            {
+                xieq[celli] *= 0.8*exp(-quenchRate*(K[celli] - K0p8));
+                regime[celli] = 5*multiP1[celli]*multiP2[celli];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    forAll(xieq.boundaryField(), patchi)
+    {
+        scalarField& xieqp = xieq.boundaryFieldRef()[patchi];
+        const scalarField& Kp = K.boundaryField()[patchi];
+        const scalarField& Map = Ma.boundaryField()[patchi];
+        const scalarField& upBySup = upBySu.boundaryField()[patchi];
+
+        forAll(xieqp, facei)
+        {
+            scalar alpha;
+            scalar beta;
+
+            if (Map[facei] > 0.0)
+            {
+                alpha = alphaCoefP_*(maLim_ - Map[facei]);
+                beta = betaCoefP_*(maLim_ - Map[facei]);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                alpha = alphaCoefN_*(maLim_ - Map[facei]);
+                beta = betaCoefN_*(maLim_ + Map[facei]);
+            }
+            xieqp[facei] =
+                XiEqCoef_*alpha*pow(Kp[facei], beta)*upBySup[facei];
+
+            if (Map[facei] > -3.0 && Map[facei] < 11.0)
+            {
+                scalar K0p8 = quenchCoef_*pow(Map[facei] - quenchM_, quenchExp_);
+                scalar quenchRate = quenchRate1_ + quenchRate2_*Ma[facei];
+
+                if (Kp[facei] > (K0p8 - 0.223/quenchRate))
+                {
+                    xieqp[facei] *= 0.8*exp(-quenchRate*(Kp[facei] - K0p8));
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Info<<
+                    "Markstein Number out of range for Quench Formulation" << endl;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return tXiEq;
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::XiEqModels::BLMgMaXiEq::read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties)
+{
+    XiEqModel::read(XiEqProperties);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/BLMgMaXiEq/BLMgMaXiEq.H

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::XiEqModel::BLMgMaXiEq
+
+Description
+    Model for XiEq based on Bradley, Lawes and Mansour (2011)
+    Cobustion and Falme, 158, 123 correlation
+    with a linear correction function to give a plausible profile for XiEq.
+    See \link SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.H \endlink for details on the SCOPE laminar
+    flame speed model.
+
+SourceFiles
+    BLMgMaXiEq.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef BLMgMaXiEq_H
+#define BLMgMaXiEq_H
+
+#include "XiEqModel.H"
+#include "SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiEqModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                          Class BLMgMaXiEq Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class BLMgMaXiEq
+:
+    public XiEqModel
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        // Model constants
+
+        scalar kaCoef_;
+        scalar lowK0_;
+        scalar lowKg_;
+        scalar XiEqCoef_;
+        scalar alphaCoefP_;
+        scalar betaCoefP_;
+        scalar alphaCoefN_;
+        scalar betaCoefN_;
+        scalar maLim_;
+        scalar maLim1_;
+        scalar quenchCoef_, quenchExp_, quenchM_;
+        scalar quenchRate1_, quenchRate2_;
+        scalar lCoef_;
+
+        //- Minimum Su
+        dimensionedScalar SuMin_;
+
+        //- Schelkin effect Model constants
+        scalar uPrimeCoef_;
+        scalar nrExp_;
+
+        //- Use sub-grid Schelkin effect
+        bool subGridSchelkin_;
+
+        //- The SCOPE laminar flame speed model used to obtain the
+        //  Marstein number.  Note: the laminar flame speed need not be
+        //  obtained form the same model.
+        laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE MaModel;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- No copy construct
+        BLMgMaXiEq(const BLMgMaXiEq&) = delete;
+
+        //- No copy assignment
+        void operator=(const BLMgMaXiEq&) = delete;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("BLMgMaXiEq");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        BLMgMaXiEq
+        (
+            const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
+            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+            const volScalarField& Su
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~BLMgMaXiEq();
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return the flame-wrinkling XiEq
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> XiEq() const;
+
+        //- Update properties from given dictionary
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties);
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace XiEqModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/Gulder/Gulder.C

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -45,22 +46,21 @@ namespace XiEqModels
 Foam::XiEqModels::Gulder::Gulder
 (
     const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
     const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
     const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
     const volScalarField& Su
 )
 :
-    XiEqModel(XiEqProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su),
+    XiEqModel(XiEqProperties, modelType, thermo, turbulence, Su),
     XiEqCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("XiEqCoef")),
     SuMin_(0.01*Su.average()),
     uPrimeCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("uPrimeCoef")),
-    subGridSchelkin_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<bool>("subGridSchelkin"))
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiEqModels::Gulder::~Gulder()
+    nrExp_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("nrExp")),
+    subGridSchelkin_
+    (
+        XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<bool>("subGridSchelkin")
+    )
 {}
 
 
@@ -69,12 +69,11 @@ Foam::XiEqModels::Gulder::~Gulder()
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiEqModels::Gulder::XiEq() const
 {
     volScalarField up(sqrt((2.0/3.0)*turbulence_.k()));
-    const tmp<volScalarField> tepsilon(turbulence_.epsilon());
-    const volScalarField& epsilon = tepsilon();
+    const volScalarField& epsilon = turbulence_.epsilon();
 
     if (subGridSchelkin_)
     {
-        up.primitiveFieldRef() += calculateSchelkinEffect(uPrimeCoef_);
+        up.primitiveFieldRef() += calculateSchelkinEffect(uPrimeCoef_, nrExp_);
     }
 
     volScalarField tauEta(sqrt(mag(thermo_.muu()/(thermo_.rhou()*epsilon))));
@@ -98,6 +97,7 @@ bool Foam::XiEqModels::Gulder::read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties)
 
     XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("XiEqCoef", XiEqCoef_);
     XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("uPrimeCoef", uPrimeCoef_);
+    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("nrExp", nrExp_);
     XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("subGridSchelkin", subGridSchelkin_);
 
     return true;

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/Gulder/Gulder.H

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class Gulder
 :
     public XiEqModel
 {
-    // Private data
+    // Private Data
 
         //- Model constant
         scalar XiEqCoef_;
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ class Gulder
         //- Schelkin effect Model constant
         scalar uPrimeCoef_;
 
+        scalar nrExp_;
+
         //- Use sub-grid Schelkin effect
         bool subGridSchelkin_;
 
@@ -91,6 +93,7 @@ public:
         Gulder
         (
             const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
             const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
             const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
             const volScalarField& Su
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ public:
 
 
     //- Destructor
-    virtual ~Gulder();
+    virtual ~Gulder() = default;
 
 
     // Member Functions
@@ -108,7 +111,6 @@ public:
 
         //- Update properties from given dictionary
         virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties);
-
 };
 
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/SCOPEBlendXiEq/SCOPEBlendXiEq.C

@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "SCOPEBlendXiEq.H"
-#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiEqModels
-{
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(SCOPEBlend, 0);
-    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiEqModel, SCOPEBlend, dictionary);
-}
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiEqModels::SCOPEBlend::SCOPEBlend
-(
-    const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
-    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-    const volScalarField& Su
-)
-:
-    XiEqModel(XiEqProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su),
-    XiEqModelL_
-    (
-        XiEqModel::New
-        (
-            XiEqModelCoeffs_.subDict("XiEqModelL"),
-            thermo,
-            turbulence,
-            Su
-        )
-    ),
-    XiEqModelH_
-    (
-        XiEqModel::New
-        (
-            XiEqModelCoeffs_.subDict("XiEqModelH"),
-            thermo,
-            turbulence,
-            Su
-        )
-    )
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiEqModels::SCOPEBlend::~SCOPEBlend()
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiEqModels::SCOPEBlend::XiEq() const
-{
-    return pow
-    (
-        pow4(1.0/XiEqModelL_->XiEq()) + pow4(1.0/XiEqModelH_->XiEq()),
-        -0.25
-    );
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/SCOPEBlendXiEq/SCOPEBlendXiEq.H

@@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Class
-    Foam::XiEqModels::SCOPEBlend
-
-Description
-    Simple SCOPEBlendXiEq model for XiEq based on SCOPEXiEqs correlation
-    with a linear correction function to give a plausible profile for XiEq.
-    See \link SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.H \endlink for details on the SCOPE
-    laminar flame speed model.
-
-SourceFiles
-    SCOPEBlend.C
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#ifndef SCOPEBlend_H
-#define SCOPEBlend_H
-
-#include "XiEqModel.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiEqModels
-{
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                          Class SCOPEBlend Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-class SCOPEBlend
-:
-    public XiEqModel
-{
-    // Private data
-
-        //- Low turbulence intensity equilibrium Xi model
-        autoPtr<XiEqModel> XiEqModelL_;
-
-        //- High turbulence intensity equilibrium Xi model
-        autoPtr<XiEqModel> XiEqModelH_;
-
-
-    // Private Member Functions
-
-        //- No copy construct
-        SCOPEBlend(const SCOPEBlend&) = delete;
-
-        //- No copy assignment
-        void operator=(const SCOPEBlend&) = delete;
-
-
-public:
-
-    //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("SCOPEBlend");
-
-
-    // Constructors
-
-        //- Construct from components
-        SCOPEBlend
-        (
-            const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
-            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-            const volScalarField& Su
-        );
-
-
-    //- Destructor
-    virtual ~SCOPEBlend();
-
-
-    // Member Functions
-
-        //- Return the flame-wrinkling XiEq
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> XiEq() const;
-
-        //- Update properties from given dictionary
-        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties)
-        {
-            return true;
-        }
-
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace XiEqModels
-} // End namespace Foam
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#endif
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/SCOPEXiEq/SCOPEXiEq.C

@@ -1,153 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2016 OpenFOAM Foundation
-    Copyright (C) 2023 OpenCFD Ltd.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "SCOPEXiEq.H"
-#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiEqModels
-{
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(SCOPEXiEq, 0);
-    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiEqModel, SCOPEXiEq, dictionary);
-}
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiEqModels::SCOPEXiEq::SCOPEXiEq
-(
-    const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
-    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-    const volScalarField& Su
-)
-:
-    XiEqModel(XiEqProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su),
-    XiEqCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("XiEqCoef")),
-    XiEqExp_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("XiEqExp")),
-    lCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("lCoef")),
-    SuMin_(0.01*Su.average()),
-    uPrimeCoef_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("uPrimeCoef")),
-    subGridSchelkin_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<bool>("subGridSchelkin")),
-    MaModel
-    (
-        Su.mesh().lookupObject<IOdictionary>("combustionProperties"),
-        thermo
-    )
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiEqModels::SCOPEXiEq::~SCOPEXiEq()
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiEqModels::SCOPEXiEq::XiEq() const
-{
-    const tmp<volScalarField> tk(turbulence_.k());
-    const volScalarField& k = tk();
-    const tmp<volScalarField> tepsilon(turbulence_.epsilon());
-    const volScalarField& epsilon = tepsilon();
-
-    volScalarField up(sqrt((2.0/3.0)*k));
-    if (subGridSchelkin_)
-    {
-        up.primitiveFieldRef() += calculateSchelkinEffect(uPrimeCoef_);
-    }
-
-    volScalarField l(lCoef_*sqrt(3.0/2.0)*up*k/epsilon);
-    volScalarField Rl(up*l*thermo_.rhou()/thermo_.muu());
-
-    volScalarField upBySu(up/(Su_ + SuMin_));
-    volScalarField K(0.157*upBySu/sqrt(Rl));
-    volScalarField Ma(MaModel.Ma());
-
-    auto tXiEq = volScalarField::New
-    (
-        "XiEq",
-        IOobject::NO_REGISTER,
-        epsilon.mesh(),
-        dimensionedScalar(dimless, Zero)
-    );
-    auto& xieq = tXiEq.ref();
-
-    forAll(xieq, celli)
-    {
-        if (Ma[celli] > 0.01)
-        {
-            xieq[celli] =
-                XiEqCoef_*pow(K[celli]*Ma[celli], -XiEqExp_)*upBySu[celli];
-        }
-    }
-
-    volScalarField::Boundary& xieqBf = xieq.boundaryFieldRef();
-
-    forAll(xieq.boundaryField(), patchi)
-    {
-        scalarField& xieqp = xieqBf[patchi];
-        const scalarField& Kp = K.boundaryField()[patchi];
-        const scalarField& Map = Ma.boundaryField()[patchi];
-        const scalarField& upBySup = upBySu.boundaryField()[patchi];
-
-        forAll(xieqp, facei)
-        {
-            if (Ma[facei] > 0.01)
-            {
-                xieqp[facei] =
-                    XiEqCoef_*pow(Kp[facei]*Map[facei], -XiEqExp_)
-                   *upBySup[facei];
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return tXiEq;
-}
-
-
-bool Foam::XiEqModels::SCOPEXiEq::read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties)
-{
-    XiEqModel::read(XiEqProperties);
-
-    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("XiEqCoef", XiEqCoef_);
-    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("XiEqExp", XiEqExp_);
-    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("lCoef", lCoef_);
-    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("uPrimeCoef", uPrimeCoef_);
-    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("subGridSchelkin", subGridSchelkin_);
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/SCOPEXiEq/SCOPEXiEq.H

@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2013 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Class
-    Foam::XiEqModels::SCOPEXiEq
-
-Description
-    Simple SCOPEXiEq model for XiEq based on SCOPEXiEqs correlation
-    with a linear correction function to give a plausible profile for XiEq.
-    See \link SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.H \endlink for details on the SCOPE laminar
-    flame speed model.
-
-SourceFiles
-    SCOPEXiEq.C
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#ifndef SCOPEXiEq_H
-#define SCOPEXiEq_H
-
-#include "XiEqModel.H"
-#include "SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiEqModels
-{
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                          Class SCOPEXiEq Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-class SCOPEXiEq
-:
-    public XiEqModel
-{
-    // Private data
-
-        // Model constant
-        scalar XiEqCoef_;
-
-        // Model constant
-        scalar XiEqExp_;
-
-        // Model constant
-        scalar lCoef_;
-
-        //- Minimum Su
-        dimensionedScalar SuMin_;
-
-        //- Schelkin effect Model constant
-        scalar uPrimeCoef_;
-
-        //- Use sub-grid Schelkin effect
-        bool subGridSchelkin_;
-
-        //- The SCOPE laminar flame speed model used to obtain the
-        //  Marstein number.  Note: the laminar flame speed need not be
-        //  obtained form the same model.
-        laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE MaModel;
-
-
-    // Private Member Functions
-
-        //- No copy construct
-        SCOPEXiEq(const SCOPEXiEq&) = delete;
-
-        //- No copy assignment
-        void operator=(const SCOPEXiEq&) = delete;
-
-
-public:
-
-    //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("SCOPEXiEq");
-
-
-    // Constructors
-
-        //- Construct from components
-        SCOPEXiEq
-        (
-            const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
-            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-            const volScalarField& Su
-        );
-
-
-    //- Destructor
-    virtual ~SCOPEXiEq();
-
-
-    // Member Functions
-
-        //- Return the flame-wrinkling XiEq
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> XiEq() const;
-
-        //- Update properties from given dictionary
-        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties);
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace XiEqModels
-} // End namespace Foam
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#endif
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/XiEqModel/XiEqModel.C

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ namespace Foam
 Foam::XiEqModel::XiEqModel
 (
     const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
     const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
     const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
     const volScalarField& Su
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ Foam::XiEqModel::XiEqModel
     (
         XiEqProperties.subDict
         (
-            XiEqProperties.get<word>("XiEqModel") + "Coeffs"
+            XiEqProperties.get<word>(modelType) + "Coeffs"
         )
     ),
     thermo_(thermo),
@@ -69,38 +71,43 @@ Foam::XiEqModel::~XiEqModel()
 
 bool Foam::XiEqModel::read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties)
 {
-    XiEqModelCoeffs_ = XiEqProperties.optionalSubDict(type() + "Coeffs");
+
+    XiEqModelCoeffs_ = XiEqProperties.subDict(type() + "Coeffs");
 
     return true;
 }
 
 
 void Foam::XiEqModel::writeFields() const
-{
-    //***HGW It is not clear why B is written here
-    const auto* B = Su_.mesh().cfindObject<volSymmTensorField>("B");
-    if (B)
-    {
-        B->write();
-    }
-}
+{}
 
 
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>
-Foam::XiEqModel::calculateSchelkinEffect(const scalar uPrimeCoef) const
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField>Foam::XiEqModel::calculateSchelkinEffect
+(
+    const scalar uPrimeCoef,
+    const scalar nrExp
+) const
 {
     const fvMesh& mesh = Su_.mesh();
 
     const volVectorField& U = mesh.lookupObject<volVectorField>("U");
+
     const volSymmTensorField& CT = mesh.lookupObject<volSymmTensorField>("CT");
     const volScalarField& Nv = mesh.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Nv");
     const volSymmTensorField& nsv =
         mesh.lookupObject<volSymmTensorField>("nsv");
 
-    auto tN = volScalarField::New
+    auto tN = tmp<volScalarField>::New
     (
-        "tN",
-        IOobject::NO_REGISTER,
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tN",
+            mesh.time().timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE,
+            false
+        ),
         mesh,
         dimensionedScalar(Nv.dimensions(), Zero)
     );
@@ -108,10 +115,16 @@ Foam::XiEqModel::calculateSchelkinEffect(const scalar uPrimeCoef) const
 
     N.primitiveFieldRef() = Nv.primitiveField()*pow(mesh.V(), 2.0/3.0);
 
-    auto tns = volSymmTensorField::New
+    auto tns = tmp<volSymmTensorField>::New
     (
-        "tns",
-        IOobject::NO_REGISTER,
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "tns",
+            mesh.time().timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
         mesh,
         dimensionedSymmTensor(nsv.dimensions(), Zero)
     );
@@ -130,10 +143,8 @@ Foam::XiEqModel::calculateSchelkinEffect(const scalar uPrimeCoef) const
 
     const scalarField upLocal(uPrimeCoef*sqrt((U & CT & U)*cellWidth));
 
-    const scalarField deltaUp(upLocal*(max(scalar(1), pow(nr, 0.5)) - 1.0));
-
-    // Re use tN
-    N.primitiveFieldRef() = upLocal*(max(scalar(1), pow(nr, 0.5)) - 1.0);
+    //Re use tN
+    N.primitiveFieldRef() = upLocal*(max(scalar(1.0), pow(nr, nrExp)) - 1.0);
 
     return tN;
 }

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/XiEqModel/XiEqModel.H

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -28,12 +29,6 @@ Class
 
 Description
     Base-class for all XiEq models used by the b-XiEq combustion model.
-    The available models are :
-        \link basicXiSubXiEq.H \endlink
-        \link Gulder.H \endlink
-        \link instabilityXiEq.H \endlink
-        \link SCOPEBlendXiEq.H \endlink
-        \link SCOPEXiEq.H \endlink
 
 SourceFiles
     XiEqModel.C
@@ -59,10 +54,9 @@ namespace Foam
 
 class XiEqModel
 {
-
 protected:
 
-    // Protected data
+    // Protected Data
 
         //- Dictionary
         dictionary XiEqModelCoeffs_;
@@ -77,9 +71,7 @@ protected:
         const volScalarField& Su_;
 
 
-private:
-
-    // Private Member Functions
+    // Protected Member Functions
 
         //- No copy construct
         XiEqModel(const XiEqModel&) = delete;
@@ -103,12 +95,14 @@ public:
             dictionary,
             (
                 const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+                const word& modelType,
                 const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
                 const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
                 const volScalarField& Su
             ),
             (
                 XiEqProperties,
+                modelType,
                 thermo,
                 turbulence,
                 Su
@@ -122,6 +116,7 @@ public:
         static autoPtr<XiEqModel> New
         (
             const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
             const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
             const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
             const volScalarField& Su
@@ -134,6 +129,7 @@ public:
         XiEqModel
         (
             const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
             const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
             const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
             const volScalarField& Su
@@ -147,13 +143,14 @@ public:
     // Member Functions
 
         //- Return the flame-wrinkling XiEq
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> XiEq() const
-        {
-            return turbulence_.muEff();
-        }
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> XiEq() const = 0;
 
-        //- Return the sub-grid Schelkin effect
-        tmp<volScalarField> calculateSchelkinEffect(const scalar) const;
+        // Only used by sperseded modles
+        tmp<volScalarField> calculateSchelkinEffect
+        (
+            const scalar uPrimeCoef,
+            const scalar nrExp
+        ) const;
 
         //- Update properties from given dictionary
         virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties) = 0;

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/XiEqModel/XiEqModelNew.C

@@ -33,29 +33,33 @@ License
 Foam::autoPtr<Foam::XiEqModel> Foam::XiEqModel::New
 (
     const dictionary& dict,
+    const word& modelName,
     const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
     const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
     const volScalarField& Su
 )
 {
-    const word modelType(dict.get<word>("XiEqModel"));
+    const word modelType(dict.get<word>(modelName));
 
-    Info<< "Selecting flame-wrinkling model " << modelType << endl;
+    Info<< "Selecting flame-wrinkling model Eq " << modelType << endl;
 
-    auto* ctorPtr = dictionaryConstructorTable(modelType);
+    auto cstrIter = dictionaryConstructorTablePtr_->cfind(modelType);
 
-    if (!ctorPtr)
+    if (!cstrIter.found())
     {
         FatalIOErrorInLookup
         (
             dict,
-            "XiEqModel",
+            modelName,
             modelType,
             *dictionaryConstructorTablePtr_
         ) << exit(FatalIOError);
     }
 
-    return autoPtr<XiEqModel>(ctorPtr(dict, thermo, turbulence, Su));
+    return autoPtr<XiEqModel>(cstrIter()
+    (
+        dict, modelName, thermo, turbulence, Su)
+    );
 }
 
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/instability2XiEq/instability2XiEq.C

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "instability2XiEq.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiEqModels
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(instability2XiEq, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiEqModel, instability2XiEq, dictionary);
+}
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::XiEqModels::instability2XiEq::instability2XiEq
+(
+    const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
+    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+    const volScalarField& Su
+)
+:
+    XiEqModel(XiEqProperties, modelType, thermo, turbulence, Su),
+    saModel_
+    (
+        IOdictionary
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "combustionProperties",
+                Su.mesh().time().constant(),
+                Su.mesh(),
+                IOobject::MUST_READ
+            )
+        ),
+        thermo
+    ),
+    CIn_(saModel_.CIn()),
+    defaultCIn_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("defaultCIn")),
+    XiEqInFade_(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("XiEqInFade")),
+    XiEqModel_
+    (
+        XiEqModel::New(XiEqModelCoeffs_, modelType, thermo, turbulence, Su)
+    )
+{
+    if (CIn_ <= 0.0)
+    {
+        CIn_ = defaultCIn_;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiEqModels::instability2XiEq::XiEq() const
+{
+    IOdictionary combustionProperties
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "combustionProperties",
+            Su_.mesh().time().constant(),
+            Su_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        )
+    );
+
+    ignition ign(combustionProperties, Su_.mesh().time(), Su_.mesh());
+
+    //const scalar ignTim = ign.sites()[0].tmIgn();
+    const scalar curTime = Su_.mesh().time().value();
+    const scalar deltaT = Su_.mesh().time().deltaTValue();
+    const scalar ignTim = curTime - deltaT - ign.sites()[0].time();
+
+    volScalarField turbXiEq(XiEqModel_->XiEq());
+
+    volScalarField XiEqIn1("XiEqIn1", 0.0*turbXiEq);
+
+    dimensionedScalar CIn("CIn", dimensionSet(0, -2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0), CIn_);
+    dimensionedScalar ignTm("ignTm", dimTime, ignTim);
+    XiEqIn1 =  exp(CIn*Su_*Su_*ignTm) - 1.0;
+
+    return
+    (
+        1.0 + sqrt(XiEqInFade_*sqr(XiEqIn1) + sqr(turbXiEq - 1.0))
+    );
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::XiEqModels::instability2XiEq::read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties)
+{
+    XiEqModel::read(XiEqProperties);
+
+    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("defaultCIn", defaultCIn_);
+    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("XiEqInFade", XiEqInFade_);
+
+    return XiEqModel_->read(XiEqModelCoeffs_);
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/instability2XiEq/instability2XiEq.H

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::XiEqModels::instability2XiEq
+
+Description
+
+
+SourceFiles
+    instability2XiEq.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef instability2XiEq_H
+#define instability2XiEq_H
+
+#include "laminarFlameSpeed.H"
+#include "SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.H"
+#include "ignitionSite.H"
+#include "ignition.H"
+#include "Time.H"
+#include "fvMesh.H"
+#include "XiEqModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiEqModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                          Class instability2 Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class instability2XiEq
+:
+    public XiEqModel
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        //- Laminar burning speed
+        laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE saModel_;
+
+        //- GIn (initial instability G)divided by Su^2. Read from fuel file
+        scalar CIn_;
+
+        //- Default CIn if not in fuel file
+        scalar defaultCIn_;
+
+        //- Determines how fast XiEqIn fades out as turbulence comes in
+        scalar XiEqInFade_;
+
+        //- Equilibrium Xi model due to all other effects
+        autoPtr<XiEqModel> XiEqModel_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- No copy construct
+        instability2XiEq(const instability2XiEq&) = delete;
+
+        //- No copy assignment
+        void operator=(const instability2XiEq&) = delete;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("instability2XiEq");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        instability2XiEq
+        (
+            const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
+            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+            const volScalarField& Su
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~instability2XiEq() = default;
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return the flame-wrinkling XiEq
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> XiEq() const;
+
+        //- Update properties from given dictionary
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties);
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace XiEqModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/instabilityXiEq/instabilityXiEq.C

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "instabilityXiEq.H"
-#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiEqModels
-{
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(instability, 0);
-    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiEqModel, instability, dictionary);
-}
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiEqModels::instability::instability
-(
-    const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
-    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-    const volScalarField& Su
-)
-:
-    XiEqModel(XiEqProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su),
-    XiEqIn(XiEqModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("XiEqIn")),
-    XiEqModel_(XiEqModel::New(XiEqModelCoeffs_, thermo, turbulence, Su))
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiEqModels::instability::~instability()
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiEqModels::instability::XiEq() const
-{
-    volScalarField turbXiEq(XiEqModel_->XiEq());
-    return XiEqIn/turbXiEq + turbXiEq;
-}
-
-
-bool Foam::XiEqModels::instability::read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties)
-{
-    XiEqModel::read(XiEqProperties);
-
-    XiEqModelCoeffs_.readEntry("XiEqIn", XiEqIn);
-
-    return XiEqModel_->read(XiEqModelCoeffs_);
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiEqModels/instabilityXiEq/instabilityXiEq.H

@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Class
-    Foam::XiEqModels::instability
-
-Description
-    This is the equilibrium level of the flame wrinkling generated by
-    instability. It is a constant (default 2.5). It is used in
-    \link XiModel.H \endlink.
-
-SourceFiles
-    instability.C
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#ifndef instability_H
-#define instability_H
-
-#include "XiEqModel.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiEqModels
-{
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                          Class instability Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-class instability
-:
-    public XiEqModel
-{
-    // Private data
-
-        //- Equilibrium Xi due to instability only
-        scalar XiEqIn;
-
-        //- Equilibrium Xi model due to all other effects
-        autoPtr<XiEqModel> XiEqModel_;
-
-
-    // Private Member Functions
-
-        //- No copy construct
-        instability(const instability&) = delete;
-
-        //- No copy assignment
-        void operator=(const instability&) = delete;
-
-
-public:
-
-    //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("instability");
-
-
-    // Constructors
-
-        //- Construct from components
-        instability
-        (
-            const dictionary& XiEqProperties,
-            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-            const volScalarField& Su
-        );
-
-
-    //- Destructor
-    virtual ~instability();
-
-
-    // Member Functions
-
-        //- Return the flame-wrinkling XiEq
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> XiEq() const;
-
-        //- Update properties from given dictionary
-        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiEqProperties);
-
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace XiEqModels
-} // End namespace Foam
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#endif
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiGModels/KTS/KTS.C

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -45,29 +46,23 @@ namespace XiGModels
 Foam::XiGModels::KTS::KTS
 (
     const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
     const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
     const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
     const volScalarField& Su
 )
 :
-    XiGModel(XiGProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su),
+    XiGModel(XiGProperties, modelType, thermo, turbulence, Su),
     GEtaCoef_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("GEtaCoef"))
 {}
 
 
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiGModels::KTS::~KTS()
-{}
-
-
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::KTS::G() const
 {
     volScalarField up(sqrt((2.0/3.0)*turbulence_.k()));
-    const tmp<volScalarField> tepsilon(turbulence_.epsilon());
-    const volScalarField& epsilon = tepsilon();
+    const volScalarField& epsilon = turbulence_.epsilon();
 
     volScalarField tauEta(sqrt(mag(thermo_.muu()/(thermo_.rhou()*epsilon))));
 
@@ -75,6 +70,15 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::KTS::G() const
 }
 
 
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::KTS::Db() const
+{
+    const objectRegistry& db = Su_.db();
+    const volScalarField& Db1 = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Db");
+    //return turbulence_.muEff();
+    return Db1;
+}
+
+
 bool Foam::XiGModels::KTS::read(const dictionary& XiGProperties)
 {
     XiGModel::read(XiGProperties);

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiGModels/KTS/KTS.H

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -27,8 +28,8 @@ Class
     Foam::XiGModels::KTS
 
 Description
-    Simple Kolmogorov time-scale (KTS) model for the flame-wrinling generation
-    rate.
+    Simple Kolmogorov time-scale (KTS) model for the flame-wrinkling
+    generation rate.
 
 SourceFiles
     KTS.C
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ class KTS
 :
     public XiGModel
 {
-    // Private data
+    // Private Data
 
         scalar GEtaCoef_;
 
@@ -81,6 +82,7 @@ public:
         KTS
         (
             const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
             const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
             const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
             const volScalarField& Su
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ public:
 
 
     //- Destructor
-    virtual ~KTS();
+    virtual ~KTS() = default;
 
 
     // Member Functions
@@ -96,6 +98,9 @@ public:
         //- Return the flame-wrinkling generation rate
         virtual tmp<volScalarField> G() const;
 
+        //- Return the flame diffusivity
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const;
+
         //- Update properties from given dictionary
         virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiGProperties);
 };

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiGModels/XiGModel/XiGModel.C

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ namespace Foam
 Foam::XiGModel::XiGModel
 (
     const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
     const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
     const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
     const volScalarField& Su
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ Foam::XiGModel::XiGModel
     (
         XiGProperties.subDict
         (
-            XiGProperties.get<word>("XiGModel") + "Coeffs"
+            XiGProperties.get<word>(modelType) + "Coeffs"
         )
     ),
     thermo_(thermo),
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ Foam::XiGModel::~XiGModel()
 
 bool Foam::XiGModel::read(const dictionary& XiGProperties)
 {
-    XiGModelCoeffs_ = XiGProperties.optionalSubDict(type() + "Coeffs");
+    XiGModelCoeffs_ = XiGProperties.subDict(type() + "Coeffs");
 
     return true;
 }

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiGModels/XiGModel/XiGModel.H

@@ -28,9 +28,6 @@ Class
 
 Description
     Base-class for all Xi generation models used by the b-Xi combustion model.
-    See Technical Report SH/RE/01R for details on the PDR modelling. For details
-    on the use of XiGModel see \link XiModel.H \endlink. The model available is
-    \link instabilityG.H \endlink
 
 SourceFiles
     XiGModel.C
@@ -56,10 +53,9 @@ namespace Foam
 
 class XiGModel
 {
-
 protected:
 
-    // Protected data
+    // Protected Data
 
         dictionary XiGModelCoeffs_;
 
@@ -68,9 +64,7 @@ protected:
         const volScalarField& Su_;
 
 
-private:
-
-    // Private Member Functions
+    // Protected Member Functions
 
         //- No copy construct
         XiGModel(const XiGModel&) = delete;
@@ -94,12 +88,14 @@ public:
             dictionary,
             (
                 const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+                const word& modelType,
                 const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
                 const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
                 const volScalarField& Su
             ),
             (
                 XiGProperties,
+                modelType,
                 thermo,
                 turbulence,
                 Su
@@ -113,6 +109,7 @@ public:
         static autoPtr<XiGModel> New
         (
             const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
             const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
             const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
             const volScalarField& Su
@@ -125,6 +122,7 @@ public:
         XiGModel
         (
             const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
             const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
             const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
             const volScalarField& Su
@@ -137,14 +135,11 @@ public:
 
     // Member Functions
 
-        //- Return the flame-wrinkling generation rate
+        //- Return the flame-wrinkling genration rate
         virtual tmp<volScalarField> G() const = 0;
 
         //- Return the flame diffusivity
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const
-        {
-            return turbulence_.muEff();
-        }
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const = 0;
 
         //- Update properties from given dictionary
         virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiGProperties) = 0;

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiGModels/XiGModel/XiGModelNew.C

@@ -33,29 +33,33 @@ License
 Foam::autoPtr<Foam::XiGModel> Foam::XiGModel::New
 (
     const dictionary& dict,
+    const word& modelName,
     const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
     const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
     const volScalarField& Su
 )
 {
-    const word modelType(dict.get<word>("XiGModel"));
+    const word modelType(dict.get<word>(modelName));
 
-    Info<< "Selecting flame-wrinkling model " << modelType << endl;
+    Info<< "Selecting flame-wrinkling model for G " << modelType << endl;
 
-    auto* ctorPtr = dictionaryConstructorTable(modelType);
+    auto cstrIter = dictionaryConstructorTablePtr_->cfind(modelType);
 
-    if (!ctorPtr)
+    if (!cstrIter.found())
     {
         FatalIOErrorInLookup
         (
             dict,
-            "XiGModel",
+            modelName,
             modelType,
             *dictionaryConstructorTablePtr_
         ) << exit(FatalIOError);
     }
 
-    return autoPtr<XiGModel>(ctorPtr(dict, thermo, turbulence, Su));
+    return autoPtr<XiGModel>(cstrIter()
+    (
+        dict, modelName, thermo, turbulence, Su)
+    );
 }
 
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiGModels/instability2G/instability2G.C

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "IFstream.H"
+#include "instability2G.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+#include "fvCFD.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiGModels
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(instability2G, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiGModel, instability2G, dictionary);
+}
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::XiGModels::instability2G::instability2G
+(
+    const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
+    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+    const volScalarField& Su
+)
+:
+    XiGModel(XiGProperties, modelType, thermo, turbulence, Su),
+    saModel_
+    (
+        IOdictionary
+        (
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "combustionProperties",
+                Su.mesh().time().constant(),
+                Su.mesh(),
+                IOobject::MUST_READ
+            )
+        ),
+        thermo
+    ),
+    CIn_(saModel_.CIn()),
+    defaultCIn_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("defaultCIn")),
+    GInFade_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("GInFade")),
+    GInMult_(XiGModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("GInMult")),
+    lambdaIn_("lambdaIn", XiGModelCoeffs_),
+    XiGModel_
+    (
+        XiGModel::New(XiGModelCoeffs_, modelType, thermo, turbulence, Su)
+    )
+{
+    if (CIn_ <= 0.0)
+    {
+        CIn_ = defaultCIn_;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::instability2G::G() const
+{
+    IOdictionary combustionProperties
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "combustionProperties",
+            Su_.mesh().time().constant(),
+            Su_.mesh(),
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        )
+    );
+
+    ignition ign(combustionProperties, Su_.mesh().time(), Su_.mesh());
+
+    scalar curTime = Su_.mesh().time().value();
+    scalar deltaT = Su_.mesh().time().deltaTValue();
+    const scalar ignTim = curTime - deltaT - ign.sites()[0].time();
+
+    volScalarField turbXiG(XiGModel_->G());
+
+    volScalarField GIn("GIn", 0.0*turbXiG);
+
+    forAll (GIn, i)
+    {
+        GIn[i] = CIn_*Su_[i]*Su_[i]*exp(CIn_*Su_[i]*Su_[i]*ignTim)*GInMult_;
+    }
+
+    dimensionedScalar CIn("CIn", dimensionSet(0, -2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0), CIn_);
+    dimensionedScalar ignTm("ignTm", dimTime, ignTim);
+
+    GIn = CIn*Su_*Su_*exp(CIn*Su_*Su_*ignTm)*GInMult_;
+
+    GIn *=
+    (
+        GIn /
+        (
+            GIn
+          + GInFade_*turbXiG
+          + dimensionedScalar("GSmall", inv(dimTime), SMALL)
+        )
+    );
+
+    return (GIn + turbXiG);
+}
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::instability2G::Db() const
+{
+    const objectRegistry& db = Su_.db();
+    const volScalarField& Xi = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Xi");
+    const volScalarField& rho = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("rho");
+    const volScalarField& mgb = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("mgb");
+    const volScalarField& Db1 = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Db");
+
+    //return  turbulence_.muEff()
+    return Db1
+        + rho*Su_*(Xi - 1.0)*mgb*(0.5*lambdaIn_)/(mgb + 1.0/lambdaIn_);
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::XiGModels::instability2G::read(const dictionary& XiGProperties)
+{
+    XiGModel::read(XiGProperties);
+
+    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("defaultCIn", defaultCIn_);
+    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("GInFade", GInFade_);
+    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("GInMult", GInMult_);
+    XiGModelCoeffs_.readEntry("lambdaIn", lambdaIn_);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiGModels/instability2G/instability2G.H

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::XiGModels::instability2G
+
+Description
+    Flame-surface instabilityG flame-wrinkling generation rate coefficient model
+    used in \link XiModel.H \endlink.
+
+SourceFiles
+    instability2G.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef instability2G_H
+#define instability2G_H
+
+#include "laminarFlameSpeed.H"
+#include "SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.H"
+#include "XiGModel.H"
+#include "ignitionSite.H"
+#include "ignition.H"
+#include "Time.H"
+#include "fvMesh.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiGModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                          Class instability2G Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class instability2G
+:
+    public XiGModel
+{
+    // Private Data
+
+        laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE saModel_;
+
+        // GIn (inituial instability G)divided by Su^2. Read from fuel file
+        scalar CIn_;
+
+        //- Default CIn if not in fuel file
+        scalar defaultCIn_;
+
+        // Determine how fast GIn fades out as turbulence starts
+        scalar GInFade_;
+
+        // Set GIn large so that XiEq determines Xi value.
+        // Son increase byfactor:
+        scalar GInMult_;
+
+        //- The instability2G length-scale
+        dimensionedScalar lambdaIn_;
+
+        //- Xi generation rate model due to all other processes
+        autoPtr<XiGModel> XiGModel_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- No copy construct
+        instability2G(const instability2G&) = delete;
+
+        //- No copy assignment
+        void operator=(const instability2G&) = delete;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("instability2G");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        instability2G
+        (
+            const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
+            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+            const volScalarField& Su
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~instability2G() = default;
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return the flame-wrinkling generation rate
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> G() const;
+
+        //- Return the flame diffusivity
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const;
+
+        //- Update properties from given dictionary
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiGProperties);
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace XiGModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiGModels/instabilityG/instabilityG.C

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -45,21 +45,16 @@ namespace XiGModels
 Foam::XiGModels::instabilityG::instabilityG
 (
     const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+    const word& modelType,
     const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
     const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
     const volScalarField& Su
 )
 :
-    XiGModel(XiGProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su),
-    GIn_("GIn", dimless/dimTime, XiGModelCoeffs_),
-    lambdaIn_("lambdaIn", dimLength, XiGModelCoeffs_),
-    XiGModel_(XiGModel::New(XiGModelCoeffs_, thermo, turbulence, Su))
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiGModels::instabilityG::~instabilityG()
+    XiGModel(XiGProperties, modelType, thermo, turbulence, Su),
+    GIn_("GIn", XiGModelCoeffs_),
+    lambdaIn_("lambdaIn", XiGModelCoeffs_),
+    XiGModel_(XiGModel::New(XiGModelCoeffs_,modelType,thermo, turbulence, Su))
 {}
 
 
@@ -76,11 +71,14 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiGModels::instabilityG::Db() const
 {
     const objectRegistry& db = Su_.db();
     const volScalarField& Xi = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Xi");
+    const volScalarField& Xp = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Xp");
     const volScalarField& rho = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("rho");
     const volScalarField& mgb = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("mgb");
+    const volScalarField& Db1 = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Db");
 
-    return XiGModel_->Db()
-        + rho*Su_*(Xi - 1.0)*mgb*(0.5*lambdaIn_)/(mgb + 1.0/lambdaIn_);
+    //// OLD return turbulence_.muEff()
+    return Db1
+        + rho*Su_*(Xp*Xi - 1.0)*mgb*(0.5*lambdaIn_)/(mgb + 1.0/lambdaIn_);
 }
 
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiGModels/instabilityG/instabilityG.H

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -30,8 +31,6 @@ Description
     Flame-surface instabilityG flame-wrinkling generation rate coefficient model
     used in \link XiModel.H \endlink.
 
-    See Technical Report SH/RE/01R for details on the PDR modelling.
-
 SourceFiles
     instabilityG.C
 
@@ -57,9 +56,9 @@ class instabilityG
 :
     public XiGModel
 {
-    // Private data
+    // Private Data
 
-        //- Flame instabilityG wrinkling generation rate coefficient
+        //- Flame instabilityG wrinling generation rate coefficient
         dimensionedScalar GIn_;
 
         //- InstabilityG length-scale
@@ -90,6 +89,7 @@ public:
         instabilityG
         (
             const dictionary& XiGProperties,
+            const word& modelType,
             const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
             const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
             const volScalarField& Su
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public:
 
 
     //- Destructor
-    virtual ~instabilityG();
+    virtual ~instabilityG() = default;
 
 
     // Member Functions

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiModel/XiModel.C

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -73,7 +73,19 @@ Foam::XiModel::XiModel
             IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
         ),
         b.mesh()
-    )
+    ),
+    Xp_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Xp",
+            b.time().timeName(),
+            b.db(),
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        b.mesh()
+     )
 {}
 
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiModel/XiModel.H

@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ SourceFiles
 #include "IOdictionary.H"
 #include "psiuReactionThermo.H"
 #include "turbulentFluidThermoModel.H"
-#include "multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme.H"
 #include "fvcDiv.H"
+#include "multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme.H"
 #include "runTimeSelectionTables.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
@@ -110,10 +110,9 @@ namespace Foam
 
 class XiModel
 {
-
 protected:
 
-    // Protected data
+    // Protected Data
 
         dictionary XiModelCoeffs_;
 
@@ -127,10 +126,11 @@ protected:
         //- Flame wrinkling field
         volScalarField Xi_;
 
+        //- Flame wrinkling field for the subgrid obstacles
+        volScalarField Xp_;
 
-private:
 
-    // Private Member Functions
+    // Protected Member Functions
 
         //- No copy construct
         XiModel(const XiModel&) = delete;
@@ -215,19 +215,31 @@ public:
             return Xi_;
         }
 
+        //- Return the obstacle-flame-wrinkling Xp
+        virtual const volScalarField& Xp() const
+        {
+             return Xp_;
+        }
+
         //- Return the flame diffusivity
         virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const
         {
-            return turbulence_.muEff();
+            const objectRegistry& db = Su_.db();
+            const volScalarField& Db1 = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Db");
+            //return turbulence_.muEff();
+            return Db1;
         }
 
         //- Add Xi to the multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme table
         //  if required
-        virtual void addXi
+        void addXi
         (
-            multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme<scalar>::fieldTable&
+            multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme<scalar>::fieldTable& fields
         )
-        {}
+        {
+            fields.add(Xi_);
+            fields.add(Xp_);
+        }
 
         //- Correct the flame-wrinkling Xi
         virtual void correct() = 0;

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/XiModel/XiModelNew.C

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
-    Copyright (C) 2019-2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2019 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ Foam::autoPtr<Foam::XiModel> Foam::XiModel::New
 
     Info<< "Selecting flame-wrinkling model " << modelType << endl;
 
-    auto* ctorPtr = dictionaryConstructorTable(modelType);
+    auto cstrIter = dictionaryConstructorTablePtr_->cfind(modelType);
 
-    if (!ctorPtr)
+    if (!cstrIter.found())
     {
         FatalIOErrorInLookup
         (
@@ -59,9 +59,7 @@ Foam::autoPtr<Foam::XiModel> Foam::XiModel::New
     }
 
     return autoPtr<XiModel>
-    (
-        ctorPtr(dict, thermo, turbulence, Su, rho, b, phi)
-    );
+        (cstrIter()(dict, thermo, turbulence, Su, rho, b, phi));
 }
 
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/algebraic/algebraic.C

@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "algebraic.H"
-#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiModels
-{
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(algebraic, 0);
-    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiModel, algebraic, dictionary);
-}
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiModels::algebraic::algebraic
-(
-    const dictionary& XiProperties,
-    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-    const volScalarField& Su,
-    const volScalarField& rho,
-    const volScalarField& b,
-    const surfaceScalarField& phi
-)
-:
-    XiModel(XiProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su, rho, b, phi),
-    XiShapeCoef(XiModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("XiShapeCoef")),
-    XiEqModel_(XiEqModel::New(XiProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su)),
-    XiGModel_(XiGModel::New(XiProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su))
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiModels::algebraic::~algebraic()
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiModels::algebraic::Db() const
-{
-    return XiGModel_->Db();
-}
-
-
-void Foam::XiModels::algebraic::correct()
-{
-    volScalarField XiEqEta(XiEqModel_->XiEq());
-    volScalarField GEta(XiGModel_->G());
-
-    volScalarField R(GEta*XiEqEta/(XiEqEta - 0.999));
-
-    volScalarField XiEqStar(R/(R - GEta));
-
-    Xi_ == 1.0 + (1.0 + (2*XiShapeCoef)*(0.5 - b_))*(XiEqStar - 1.0);
-}
-
-
-bool Foam::XiModels::algebraic::read(const dictionary& XiProperties)
-{
-    XiModel::read(XiProperties);
-
-    XiModelCoeffs_.readEntry("XiShapeCoef", XiShapeCoef);
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/algebraic/algebraic.H

@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Class
-    Foam::XiModels::algebraic
-
-Description
-    Simple algebraic model for Xi based on Gulders correlation
-    with a linear correction function to give a plausible profile for Xi.
-    See report TR/HGW/10 for details on the Weller two equations model.
-    See \link XiModel.H \endlink for more details on flame wrinkling modelling.
-
-SourceFiles
-    algebraic.C
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#ifndef algebraic_H
-#define algebraic_H
-
-#include "XiModel.H"
-#include "XiEqModel.H"
-#include "XiGModel.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiModels
-{
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                          Class algebraic Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-class algebraic
-:
-    public XiModel
-{
-    // Private data
-
-        scalar XiShapeCoef;
-
-        autoPtr<XiEqModel> XiEqModel_;
-        autoPtr<XiGModel> XiGModel_;
-
-
-    // Private Member Functions
-
-        //- No copy construct
-        algebraic(const algebraic&) = delete;
-
-        //- No copy assignment
-        void operator=(const algebraic&) = delete;
-
-
-public:
-
-    //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("algebraic");
-
-
-    // Constructors
-
-        //- Construct from components
-        algebraic
-        (
-            const dictionary& XiProperties,
-            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-            const volScalarField& Su,
-            const volScalarField& rho,
-            const volScalarField& b,
-            const surfaceScalarField& phi
-        );
-
-
-    //- Destructor
-    virtual ~algebraic();
-
-
-    // Member Functions
-
-        //- Return the flame diffusivity
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const;
-
-        //- Correct the flame-wrinkling Xi
-        virtual void correct();
-
-        //- Update properties from given dictionary
-        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiProperties);
-
-        //- Write fields of the XiEq model
-        virtual void writeFields()
-        {
-            XiEqModel_().writeFields();
-        }
-
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace XiModels
-} // End namespace Foam
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#endif
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/fixed/fixed.C

@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "fixed.H"
-#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiModels
-{
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(fixed, 0);
-    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiModel, fixed, dictionary);
-}
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiModels::fixed::fixed
-(
-    const dictionary& XiProperties,
-    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-    const volScalarField& Su,
-    const volScalarField& rho,
-    const volScalarField& b,
-    const surfaceScalarField& phi
-)
-:
-    XiModel(XiProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su, rho, b, phi)
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiModels::fixed::~fixed()
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-bool Foam::XiModels::fixed::read(const dictionary& XiProperties)
-{
-    return XiModel::read(XiProperties);
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/fixed/fixed.H

@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Class
-    Foam::XiModels::fixed
-
-Description
-    Fixed value model for Xi. See \link XiModel.H \endlink for more details
-    on flame wrinkling modelling.
-
-SourceFiles
-    fixed.C
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#ifndef fixed_H
-#define fixed_H
-
-#include "XiModel.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiModels
-{
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                          Class fixed Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-class fixed
-:
-    public XiModel
-{
-    // Private Member Functions
-
-        //- No copy construct
-        fixed(const fixed&) = delete;
-
-        //- No copy assignment
-        void operator=(const fixed&) = delete;
-
-
-public:
-
-    //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("fixed");
-
-
-    // Constructors
-
-        //- Construct from components
-        fixed
-        (
-            const dictionary& XiProperties,
-            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-            const volScalarField& Su,
-            const volScalarField& rho,
-            const volScalarField& b,
-            const surfaceScalarField& phi
-        );
-
-
-    //- Destructor
-    virtual ~fixed();
-
-
-    // Member Functions
-
-        //- Correct the flame-wrinkling Xi
-        virtual void correct()
-        {}
-
-        //- Update properties from given dictionary
-        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiProperties);
-
-        //- Write fields of the XiEq model
-        virtual void writeFields()
-        {}
-
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace XiModels
-} // End namespace Foam
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#endif
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/transport/transport.C

@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#include "transport.H"
-#include "surfaceInterpolate.H"
-#include "fvmDdt.H"
-#include "fvcLaplacian.H"
-#include "fvmDiv.H"
-#include "fvmSup.H"
-#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiModels
-{
-    defineTypeNameAndDebug(transport, 0);
-    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiModel, transport, dictionary);
-}
-}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiModels::transport::transport
-(
-    const dictionary& XiProperties,
-    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-    const volScalarField& Su,
-    const volScalarField& rho,
-    const volScalarField& b,
-    const surfaceScalarField& phi
-)
-:
-    XiModel(XiProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su, rho, b, phi),
-    XiShapeCoef(XiModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("XiShapeCoef")),
-    XiEqModel_(XiEqModel::New(XiProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su)),
-    XiGModel_(XiGModel::New(XiProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su))
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::XiModels::transport::~transport()
-{}
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiModels::transport::Db() const
-{
-    return XiGModel_->Db();
-}
-
-
-void Foam::XiModels::transport::correct
-(
-    const fv::convectionScheme<scalar>& mvConvection
-)
-{
-    volScalarField XiEqEta(XiEqModel_->XiEq());
-    volScalarField GEta(XiGModel_->G());
-
-    volScalarField R(GEta*XiEqEta/(XiEqEta - 0.999));
-
-    volScalarField XiEqStar(R/(R - GEta));
-
-    volScalarField XiEq
-    (
-        1.0 + (1.0 + (2*XiShapeCoef)*(0.5 - b_))*(XiEqStar - 1.0)
-    );
-
-    volScalarField G(R*(XiEq - 1.0)/XiEq);
-
-    const objectRegistry& db = b_.db();
-    const volScalarField& betav = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("betav");
-    const volScalarField& mgb = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("mgb");
-    const surfaceScalarField& phiSt =
-        db.lookupObject<surfaceScalarField>("phiSt");
-    const volScalarField& Db = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Db");
-    const surfaceScalarField& nf = db.lookupObject<surfaceScalarField>("nf");
-
-    surfaceScalarField phiXi
-    (
-        "phiXi",
-        phiSt
-      + (
-          - fvc::interpolate(fvc::laplacian(Db, b_)/mgb)*nf
-          + fvc::interpolate(rho_)*fvc::interpolate(Su_*(1.0/Xi_ - Xi_))*nf
-        )
-    );
-
-    solve
-    (
-        betav*fvm::ddt(rho_, Xi_)
-      + mvConvection.fvmDiv(phi_, Xi_)
-      + fvm::div(phiXi, Xi_)
-      - fvm::Sp(fvc::div(phiXi), Xi_)
-     ==
-        betav*rho_*R
-      - fvm::Sp(betav*rho_*(R - G), Xi_)
-    );
-
-    // Correct boundedness of Xi
-    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-    Xi_.max(1.0);
-    Xi_ = min(Xi_, 2.0*XiEq);
-}
-
-
-bool Foam::XiModels::transport::read(const dictionary& XiProperties)
-{
-    XiModel::read(XiProperties);
-
-    XiModelCoeffs_.readEntry("XiShapeCoef", XiShapeCoef);
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/transport/transport.H

@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Class
-    Foam::XiModels::transport
-
-Description
-    Simple transport model for Xi based on Gulders correlation
-    with a linear correction function to give a plausible profile for Xi.
-    See report TR/HGW/10 for details on the Weller two equations model.
-    See \link XiModel.H \endlink for more details on flame wrinkling modelling.
-
-SourceFiles
-    transport.C
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-#ifndef transport_H
-#define transport_H
-
-#include "XiModel.H"
-#include "XiEqModel.H"
-#include "XiGModel.H"
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-namespace Foam
-{
-namespace XiModels
-{
-
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-                          Class transport Declaration
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
-class transport
-:
-    public XiModel
-{
-    // Private data
-
-        scalar XiShapeCoef;
-
-        autoPtr<XiEqModel> XiEqModel_;
-        autoPtr<XiGModel> XiGModel_;
-
-
-    // Private Member Functions
-
-        //- No copy construct
-        transport(const transport&) = delete;
-
-        //- No copy assignment
-        void operator=(const transport&) = delete;
-
-
-public:
-
-    //- Runtime type information
-    TypeName("transport");
-
-
-    // Constructors
-
-        //- Construct from components
-        transport
-        (
-            const dictionary& XiProperties,
-            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
-            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
-            const volScalarField& Su,
-            const volScalarField& rho,
-            const volScalarField& b,
-            const surfaceScalarField& phi
-        );
-
-
-    //- Destructor
-    virtual ~transport();
-
-
-    // Member Functions
-
-        //- Return the flame diffusivity
-        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const;
-
-        //- Add Xi to the multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme table
-        virtual void addXi
-        (
-            multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme<scalar>::fieldTable& fields
-        )
-        {
-            fields.add(Xi_);
-        }
-
-        //- Correct the flame-wrinkling Xi
-        virtual void correct()
-        {
-            NotImplemented;
-        }
-
-        //- Correct the flame-wrinkling Xi using the given convection scheme
-        virtual void correct(const fv::convectionScheme<scalar>& mvConvection);
-
-        //- Update properties from given dictionary
-        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiProperties);
-
-        //- Write fields of the XiEq model
-        virtual void writeFields()
-        {
-            XiEqModel_().writeFields();
-        }
-};
-
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-} // End namespace XiModels
-} // End namespace Foam
-
-// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
-
-#endif
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/transport/transportTwoEqs/transportTwoEqs.C

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include "transportTwoEqs.H"
+#include "addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiModels
+{
+    defineTypeNameAndDebug(transportTwoEqs, 0);
+    addToRunTimeSelectionTable(XiModel, transportTwoEqs, dictionary);
+}
+}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::XiModels::transportTwoEqs::transportTwoEqs
+(
+    const dictionary& XiProperties,
+    const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+    const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+    const volScalarField& Su,
+    const volScalarField& rho,
+    const volScalarField& b,
+    const surfaceScalarField& phi
+)
+:
+    XiModel(XiProperties, thermo, turbulence, Su, rho, b, phi),
+    XiShapeCoef_(XiModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("XiShapeCoef")),
+    CpfiDot_(XiModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("CpfiDot")),
+    CpfiCross_(XiModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("CpfiCross")),
+    GEtaExp_(XiModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("GEtaExp")),
+    LOverCw_(XiModelCoeffs_.get<scalar>("LOverCw")),
+    XiEqModel_
+    (
+        XiEqModel::New(XiProperties, "XiEqModel", thermo, turbulence, Su)
+    ),
+    XiGModel_(XiGModel::New(XiProperties, "XiGModel", thermo, turbulence, Su)),
+    XpEqModel_
+    (
+        XiEqModel::New(XiProperties, "XpEqModel", thermo, turbulence, Su)
+    ),
+    XpGModel_
+    (
+        XiGModel::New(XiProperties, "XpGModel", thermo, turbulence, Su)
+    ),
+    Ep_
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Ep",
+            b.time().timeName(),
+            b.db(),
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        b.mesh()
+    )
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Destructor  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+Foam::XiModels::transportTwoEqs::~transportTwoEqs()
+{}
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+
+Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::XiModels::transportTwoEqs::Db() const
+{
+    return XiGModel_->Db();
+}
+
+
+void Foam::XiModels::transportTwoEqs::correct
+(
+    const fv::convectionScheme<scalar>& mvConvection
+)
+{
+    const volScalarField XiEqEta(XiEqModel_->XiEq());
+    volScalarField GEta(XiGModel_->G());
+
+    GEta *= max( 1.0, exp( GEtaExp_*(1.0 - (Xi_ - 1.0)/(XiEqEta - 0.999)))) ;
+
+    const volScalarField R(GEta*XiEqEta/(XiEqEta - 0.999));
+
+    const volScalarField XiEqStar(R/(R - GEta));
+
+    const volScalarField XiEq
+    (
+        1.0 + (1.0 + (2*XiShapeCoef_)*(0.5 - b_))*(XiEqStar - 1.0)
+    );
+
+    const volScalarField G(R*(XiEq - 1.0)/XiEq);
+
+
+    const objectRegistry& db = b_.db();
+    const volScalarField& betav = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("betav");
+    const volScalarField& p = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("p");
+    const volScalarField& mgb = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("mgb");
+    const surfaceScalarField& phiSt =
+        db.lookupObject<surfaceScalarField>("phiSt");
+    const volScalarField& Db = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Db");
+    const surfaceScalarField& nf = db.lookupObject<surfaceScalarField>("nf");
+
+    surfaceScalarField phiXi
+    (
+        "phiXi",
+        phiSt
+      + (
+          - fvc::interpolate(fvc::laplacian(Db, b_)/mgb)*nf
+          + fvc::interpolate(rho_)
+          * fvc::interpolate(Su_*(1.0/(Xi_*Xp_) - (Xi_*Xp_)))*nf
+        )
+    );
+
+
+    dimensionedScalar zero
+    (
+        "zero",
+        dimensionSet(2, -6, -2, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+        scalar(0.0)
+    );
+
+    const volScalarField Gpfi
+    (
+        CpfiDot_
+      * sqrt(max(fvc::grad(rho_)&fvc::grad(p), zero))
+      / rho_*b_*(1.0-b_)
+
+      + CpfiCross_
+      * sqrt(mag(fvc::grad(rho_)^fvc::grad(p)))
+      / rho_*b_*(1.0-b_)
+    );
+
+    fvScalarMatrix  XiEqn_
+    (
+        betav*fvm::ddt(rho_, Xi_)
+      + mvConvection.fvmDiv(phi_, Xi_)
+      + fvm::div(phiXi, Xi_)
+      - fvm::Sp(fvc::div(phiXi), Xi_)
+     ==
+        betav*rho_*(R + Gpfi )
+      - fvm::Sp(betav*rho_*(R - G), Xi_)
+    );
+
+    XiEqn_.relax();
+    XiEqn_.solve();
+
+    // Correct boundedness of Xi
+    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+    Xi_.max(1.0);
+    Xi_ = min(Xi_, 2.0*XiEq);
+
+    // Calculation of Xp generated by obstacles
+    volScalarField XpEqEta("XpEqEta",XpEqModel_->XiEq());
+
+    const volScalarField GpEta("GpEta", XpGModel_->G());
+
+    const volScalarField Rp("Rp", GpEta*XpEqEta/(XpEqEta - 0.999));
+
+    const volScalarField XpEq
+    (
+        "XpEq",
+        1.0 + (1.0 + (2*XiShapeCoef_)*(0.5 - b_))*(XpEqEta - 1.0)
+    );
+
+    const volScalarField Gpp("Gpp", Rp*(XpEq - 1.0)/XpEq);
+
+
+    fvScalarMatrix XpEqn_
+    (
+        betav*fvm::ddt(rho_, Xp_)
+      + mvConvection.fvmDiv(phi_, Xp_)
+      + fvm::div(phiXi, Xp_)
+      - fvm::Sp(fvc::div(phiXi), Xp_)
+     ==
+        betav*rho_*Rp
+      - fvm::Sp(betav*rho_*(Rp - Gpp), Xp_)
+    );
+
+    XpEqn_.relax();
+    XpEqn_.solve();
+
+    Xp_.max(1.0);
+    Xp_ = min(Xp_, 20.0*XpEq);
+
+    // Calculate Ep
+    const volScalarField& Lobs = db.lookupObject<volScalarField>("Lobs");
+    const scalarField Cw(pow(Su_.mesh().V(), 2.0/3.0));
+    volScalarField LI(Lobs);
+
+    LI.primitiveFieldRef() = max(LI.primitiveField(),LOverCw_*sqrt(Cw));
+
+    fvScalarMatrix EpEqn_
+    (
+        betav*fvm::ddt(rho_, Ep_)
+      + mvConvection.fvmDiv(phi_, Ep_)
+      + fvm::div(phiXi, Ep_)
+      - fvm::Sp(fvc::div(phiXi), Ep_)
+     ==
+        betav*rho_*Gpp*Xp_/LI
+      - fvm::Sp(betav*rho_*Rp, Ep_)
+   );
+
+    EpEqn_.relax();
+    EpEqn_.solve();
+
+    Ep_.max(0.0);
+    Ep_.min(100000.0);
+}
+
+
+bool Foam::XiModels::transportTwoEqs::read(const dictionary& XiProperties)
+{
+    XiModel::read(XiProperties);
+
+    XiModelCoeffs_.readEntry("XiShapeCoef", XiShapeCoef_);
+    XiModelCoeffs_.readEntry("CpfiDot", CpfiDot_);
+    XiModelCoeffs_.readEntry("CpfiCross", CpfiCross_);
+    XiModelCoeffs_.readEntry("GEtaExp", GEtaExp_);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/XiModels/transport/transportTwoEqs/transportTwoEqs.H

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Class
+    Foam::XiModels::transportTwoEqs
+
+Description
+
+SourceFiles
+    transportTwoEqs.C
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#ifndef transportTwoEqs_H
+#define transportTwoEqs_H
+
+#include "XiModel.H"
+#include "XiEqModel.H"
+#include "XiGModel.H"
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+namespace XiModels
+{
+
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+                          Class transportTwoEqs Declaration
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+class transportTwoEqs
+:
+    public XiModel
+{
+    // Private data
+
+        scalar XiShapeCoef_;
+        scalar CpfiDot_;
+        scalar CpfiCross_;
+        scalar GEtaExp_;
+
+        //- Maximum Lobs/CellWidth
+        scalar LOverCw_;
+
+        //- Equilibrium for Xi (turbulence)
+        autoPtr<XiEqModel> XiEqModel_;
+
+        //- Generation for Xi (turbulence)
+        autoPtr<XiGModel> XiGModel_;
+
+        //- Equilibrium for Xp (obstacles)
+        autoPtr<XiEqModel> XpEqModel_;
+
+        //- Generation for Xp (obstacles)
+        autoPtr<XiGModel> XpGModel_;
+
+        //- Dissipation length scale for subgrid obstacles
+        volScalarField Ep_;
+
+
+    // Private Member Functions
+
+        //- No copy construct
+        transportTwoEqs(const transportTwoEqs&) = delete;
+
+        //- No copy assignment
+        void operator=(const transportTwoEqs&) = delete;
+
+
+public:
+
+    //- Runtime type information
+    TypeName("transportTwoEqs");
+
+
+    // Constructors
+
+        //- Construct from components
+        transportTwoEqs
+        (
+            const dictionary& XiProperties,
+            const psiuReactionThermo& thermo,
+            const compressible::RASModel& turbulence,
+            const volScalarField& Su,
+            const volScalarField& rho,
+            const volScalarField& b,
+            const surfaceScalarField& phi
+        );
+
+
+    //- Destructor
+    virtual ~transportTwoEqs();
+
+
+    // Member Functions
+
+        //- Return the flame diffusivity
+        virtual tmp<volScalarField> Db() const;
+
+        //- Correct the flame-wrinkling Xi
+        virtual void correct()
+        {
+            NotImplemented;
+        }
+
+        //- Correct the flame-wrinkling Xi using the given convection scheme
+        virtual void correct(const fv::convectionScheme<scalar>& mvConvection);
+
+        //- Update properties from given dictionary
+        virtual bool read(const dictionary& XiProperties);
+
+        //- Write fields of the XiEq model
+        virtual void writeFields()
+        {
+            XiEqModel_().writeFields();
+            XpEqModel_().writeFields();
+        }
+};
+
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+} // End namespace XiModels
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+#endif
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/bEqn.H

@@ -5,11 +5,20 @@ tmp<fv::convectionScheme<scalar>> mvConvection
         mesh,
         fields,
         phi,
-        mesh.divScheme("div(phi,ft_b_ha_hau)")
+        mesh.divScheme("div(phi,ft_b_h_hu)")
     )
 );
 
-volScalarField Db("Db", turbulence->muEff());
+rhou = thermo.rhou();
+muu = thermo.muu();
+
+volScalarField Db("Db", turbulence->mut());
+const volScalarField DbThermal
+(
+    "DbAlpha",
+    turbulence->alphaEff()
+    //thermo.alpha() + turbulence->mut()/Prt
+);
 
 if (ign.ignited())
 {
@@ -17,30 +26,31 @@ if (ign.ignited())
     // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
     Su = unstrainedLaminarFlameSpeed()();
 
+    // Wrinkling due to turbulence
     const volScalarField& Xi = flameWrinkling->Xi();
 
-    // progress variable
-    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-    volScalarField c("c", 1.0 - b);
+    // Wrinkling due to obstacles
+    const volScalarField& Xp = flameWrinkling->Xp();
+
+    // Progress variable
+    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+    c = (1.0 - b);
 
-    // Unburnt gas density
-    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-    volScalarField rhou(thermo.rhou());
 
     // Calculate flame normal etc.
     // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-    //volVectorField n(fvc::grad(b));
     volVectorField n(fvc::reconstruct(fvc::snGrad(b)*mesh.magSf()));
 
     volScalarField mgb("mgb", mag(n));
+    volScalarField ddtb("ddtb",fvc::ddt(b));
 
     dimensionedScalar dMgb("dMgb", mgb.dimensions(), SMALL);
 
     {
         volScalarField bc(b*c);
 
-        dMgb += 1.0e-3*
+        dMgb += 1.0e-8*
             (bc*mgb)().weightedAverage(mesh.V())
            /(bc.weightedAverage(mesh.V()) + SMALL);
     }
@@ -54,6 +64,7 @@ if (ign.ignited())
     surfaceScalarField nf("nf", mesh.Sf() & nfVec);
     n /= mgb;
 
+
     #include "StCorr.H"
 
     // Calculate turbulent flame speed flux
@@ -64,8 +75,6 @@ if (ign.ignited())
 
     Db = flameWrinkling->Db();
 
-    // Create b equation
-    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
     fvScalarMatrix bEqn
     (
         betav*fvm::ddt(rho, b)
@@ -75,6 +84,7 @@ if (ign.ignited())
       - fvm::laplacian(Db, b)
      ==
         betav*fvOptions(rho, b)
+        // + betav*rhou*St*StCorr*mag(fvc::grad(b))
     );
 
 
@@ -82,17 +92,16 @@ if (ign.ignited())
     // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
     #include "ignite.H"
 
-    // Solve for b
-    // ~~~~~~~~~~~
     bEqn.relax();
-
     fvOptions.constrain(bEqn);
-
     bEqn.solve();
+    b.max(0.0);
+    b.min(1.0);
 
     fvOptions.correct(b);
 
-    Info<< "min(b) = " << min(b).value() << endl;
+    Info<< "min(b) = " << min(b).value() << nl
+        << "max(b) = " << max(b).value() << endl;
 
     if (composition.contains("ft"))
     {
@@ -109,8 +118,14 @@ if (ign.ignited())
             << endl;
     }
 
-    // Correct the flame-wrinkling
-    flameWrinkling->correct(mvConvection);
 
-    St = Xi*Su;
+    // Correct the flame-wrinkling, smoothing
+    flameWrinkling->correct(mvConvection);
+    St = Xp*Xi*Su*combustFlag;
+
+    if (PDRProperties.getOrDefault("smoothSt", false))
+    {
+        const scalar coeff = PDRProperties.get<scalar>("smoothStCoeff");
+        fvc::smooth(St, coeff);
+    }
 }

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/createFieldRefs.H

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 const volScalarField& psi = thermo.psi();
+scalar pMin = thermo.getOrDefault<scalar>("pMin", 0);

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/createFields.H

@@ -1,218 +1,303 @@
-Info<< "Reading thermophysical properties\n" << endl;
+    Info<< "Reading thermophysical properties\n" << endl;
 
-autoPtr<psiuReactionThermo> pThermo
-(
-    psiuReactionThermo::New(mesh)
-);
-psiuReactionThermo& thermo = pThermo();
-thermo.validate(args.executable(), "ha", "ea");
-
-basicSpecieMixture& composition = thermo.composition();
-
-volScalarField rho
-(
-    IOobject
+    autoPtr<psiuReactionThermo> pThermo
     (
-        "rho",
-        runTime.timeName(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::NO_READ,
-        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-    ),
-    thermo.rho()
-);
+        psiuReactionThermo::New(mesh)
+    );
+    psiuReactionThermo& thermo = pThermo();
+    thermo.validate(args.executable(), "ha", "ea");
+    basicMultiComponentMixture& composition = thermo.composition();
 
-volScalarField& p = thermo.p();
-
-volScalarField& b = composition.Y("b");
-Info<< "min(b) = " << min(b).value() << endl;
-
-Info<< "\nReading field U\n" << endl;
-volVectorField U
-(
-    IOobject
+    volScalarField rho
     (
-        "U",
-        runTime.timeName(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::MUST_READ,
-        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-    ),
-    mesh
-);
-
-#include "compressibleCreatePhi.H"
-
-mesh.setFluxRequired(p.name());
-
-Info<< "Creating turbulence model\n" << endl;
-autoPtr<compressible::RASModel> turbulence
-(
-    compressible::New<compressible::RASModel>
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "rho",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        thermo.rho()
+    );
+    volScalarField rhou
     (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "rhou",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        thermo.rhou()
+    );
+    volScalarField muu
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "muu",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        thermo.muu()
+    );
+
+    volScalarField& p = thermo.p();
+
+    volScalarField& b = composition.Y("b");
+
+    volScalarField combustFlag
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "combustFlag",
+            mesh.facesInstance(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    Info<< "Reading fields betav, betai\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField betav
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "betav",
+            mesh.facesInstance(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    volSymmTensorField betai
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "betai",
+            mesh.facesInstance(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    Info<< "Reading field Bv\n" << endl;
+    volSymmTensorField Bv
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Bv",
+            mesh.facesInstance(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    Info<< "Reading fields Nv,nsv\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField Nv
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Nv",
+            mesh.facesInstance(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    volSymmTensorField nsv
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "nsv",
+            mesh.facesInstance(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    Info<< "Reading fields Blong\n" << endl;
+    volSymmTensorField Blong
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Blong",
+            mesh.facesInstance(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    Info<< "\nCreating field U\n" << endl;
+    volVectorField U
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "U",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    #include "compressibleCreatePhi.H"
+    mesh.setFluxRequired(p.name());
+
+    Info<< "Creating turbulence model\n" << endl;
+    autoPtr<compressible::RASModel> turbulence
+    (
+        compressible::New<compressible::RASModel>
+        (
+            rho,
+            U,
+            phi,
+            thermo
+        )
+    );
+
+    #include "createDpdt.H"
+
+    #include "createK.H"
+
+    Info<< "Creating the unstrained laminar flame speed\n" << endl;
+    autoPtr<laminarFlameSpeed> unstrainedLaminarFlameSpeed
+    (
+        laminarFlameSpeed::New(thermo)
+    );
+
+    Info<< "Reading strained laminar flame speed field Su\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField Su
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Su",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+
+    Info<< "Reading field Lobs\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField Lobs
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Lobs",
+            mesh.facesInstance(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    Info<< "Reading field CT\n" << endl;
+    volSymmTensorField CT
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "CT",
+            mesh.facesInstance(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        mesh
+    );
+
+    IOdictionary PDRProperties
+    (
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "PDRProperties",
+            runTime.constant(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::MUST_READ_IF_MODIFIED,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        )
+    );
+
+    //- Create the drag model
+    autoPtr<PDRDragModel> drag = PDRDragModel::New
+    (
+        PDRProperties,
+        turbulence,
         rho,
         U,
-        phi,
-        thermo
-    )
-);
+        phi
+    );
 
-
-Info<< "Creating the unstrained laminar flame speed\n" << endl;
-autoPtr<laminarFlameSpeed> unstrainedLaminarFlameSpeed
-(
-    laminarFlameSpeed::New(thermo)
-);
-
-
-Info<< "Reading strained laminar flame speed field Su\n" << endl;
-volScalarField Su
-(
-    IOobject
+    //- Create the flame-wrinkling model
+    autoPtr<XiModel> flameWrinkling = XiModel::New
     (
-        "Su",
-        runTime.timeName(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::MUST_READ,
-        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-    ),
-    mesh
-);
+        PDRProperties,
+        thermo,
+        turbulence,
+        Su,
+        rho,
+        b,
+        phi
+    );
 
-Info<< "Reading field betav\n" << endl;
-volScalarField betav
-(
-    IOobject
+    Info<< "Calculating turbulent flame speed field St\n" << endl;
+    volScalarField St
     (
-        "betav",
-        mesh.facesInstance(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::MUST_READ,
-        IOobject::NO_WRITE
-    ),
-    mesh
-);
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "St",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
+        ),
+        flameWrinkling->Xi()*Su
+    );
 
-Info<< "Reading field Lobs\n" << endl;
-volScalarField Lobs
-(
-    IOobject
+    multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme<scalar>::fieldTable fields;
+
+    if (composition.contains("ft"))
+    {
+        fields.add(composition.Y("ft"));
+    }
+
+    fields.add(b);
+    fields.add(thermo.he());
+    fields.add(thermo.heu());
+    flameWrinkling->addXi(fields);
+
+    #include "createMRF.H"
+    #include "createFvOptions.H"
+
+    volScalarField c
     (
-        "Lobs",
-        mesh.facesInstance(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::MUST_READ,
-        IOobject::NO_WRITE
-    ),
-    mesh
-);
-
-Info<< "Reading field CT\n" << endl;
-volSymmTensorField CT
-(
-    IOobject
-    (
-        "CT",
-        mesh.facesInstance(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::MUST_READ,
-        IOobject::NO_WRITE
-    ),
-    mesh
-);
-
-Info<< "Reading field Nv\n" << endl;
-volScalarField Nv
-(
-    IOobject
-    (
-        "Nv",
-        mesh.facesInstance(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::MUST_READ,
-        IOobject::NO_WRITE
-    ),
-    mesh
-);
-
-Info<< "Reading field nsv\n" << endl;
-volSymmTensorField nsv
-(
-    IOobject
-    (
-        "nsv",
-        mesh.facesInstance(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::MUST_READ,
-        IOobject::NO_WRITE
-    ),
-    mesh
-);
-
-IOdictionary PDRProperties
-(
-    IOobject
-    (
-        "PDRProperties",
-        runTime.constant(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::MUST_READ_IF_MODIFIED,
-        IOobject::NO_WRITE
-    )
-);
-
-//- Create the drag model
-autoPtr<PDRDragModel> drag = PDRDragModel::New
-(
-    PDRProperties,
-    *turbulence,
-    rho,
-    U,
-    phi
-);
-
-//- Create the flame-wrinkling model
-autoPtr<XiModel> flameWrinkling = XiModel::New
-(
-    PDRProperties,
-    thermo,
-    *turbulence,
-    Su,
-    rho,
-    b,
-    phi
-);
-
-Info<< "Calculating turbulent flame speed field St\n" << endl;
-volScalarField St
-(
-    IOobject
-    (
-        "St",
-        runTime.timeName(),
-        mesh,
-        IOobject::NO_READ,
-        IOobject::AUTO_WRITE
-    ),
-    flameWrinkling->Xi()*Su
-);
-
-
-multivariateSurfaceInterpolationScheme<scalar>::fieldTable fields;
-
-if (composition.contains("ft"))
-{
-    fields.add(composition.Y("ft"));
-}
-
-fields.add(b);
-fields.add(thermo.he());
-fields.add(thermo.heu());
-flameWrinkling->addXi(fields);
-
-#include "createDpdt.H"
-
-#include "createK.H"
-
-#include "createMRF.H"
-#include "createFvOptions.H"
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "c",
+            runTime.timeName(),
+            mesh,
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
+        scalar(1) - b
+    );

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/laminarFlameSpeed/SCOPE/SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.C

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
     \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011-2017 OpenFOAM Foundation
-    Copyright (C) 2023 OpenCFD Ltd.
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -48,6 +48,34 @@ namespace laminarFlameSpeedModels
 }
 
 
+// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Local Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
+
+namespace Foam
+{
+
+static void readPolynomialCoeffs
+(
+    Polynomial<7>& coeffs,
+    const word& keyword,
+    const dictionary& dict
+)
+{
+    {
+        coeffs[0] = dict.get<scalar>(keyword + "0");
+        coeffs[1] = dict.get<scalar>(keyword + "1");
+        coeffs[2] = dict.get<scalar>(keyword + "2");
+        coeffs[3] = dict.get<scalar>(keyword + "3");
+        coeffs[4] = dict.get<scalar>(keyword + "4");
+        coeffs[5] = dict.get<scalar>(keyword + "5");
+        coeffs[6] = dict.get<scalar>(keyword + "6");
+    }
+
+    // TBD: support direct reading of all coeffs?
+}
+
+} // End namespace Foam
+
+
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
 Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::polynomial::polynomial
@@ -76,35 +104,22 @@ Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::SCOPE
     (
         dictionary
         (
-            IFstream
-            (
-                dict.get<fileName>("fuelFile")
-            )()
-        ).optionalSubDict(typeName + "Coeffs")
-    ),
-    LFL_
-    (
-        coeffsDict_.getCompat<scalar>
-        (
-            "lowerFlammabilityLimit",
-            {{"lowerFlamabilityLimit", 1712}}
-        )
-    ),
-    UFL_
-    (
-        coeffsDict_.getCompat<scalar>
-        (
-            "upperFlammabilityLimit",
-            {{"upperFlamabilityLimit", 1712}}
-        )
+            IFstream(dict.get<fileName>("fuelFile"))()
+        ).subDict(typeName + "Coeffs")
     ),
+    LFL_(coeffsDict_.get<scalar>("lowerFlamabilityLimit")),
+    UFL_(coeffsDict_.get<scalar>("upperFlamabilityLimit")),
     SuPolyL_(coeffsDict_.subDict("lowerSuPolynomial")),
     SuPolyU_(coeffsDict_.subDict("upperSuPolynomial")),
-    Texp_(coeffsDict_.get<scalar>("Texp")),
-    pexp_(coeffsDict_.get<scalar>("pexp")),
+    Texp_(),
+    pexp_(),
+    CIn_(coeffsDict_.getOrDefault<scalar>("CIn", 0)),
     MaPolyL_(coeffsDict_.subDict("lowerMaPolynomial")),
     MaPolyU_(coeffsDict_.subDict("upperMaPolynomial"))
 {
+    readPolynomialCoeffs(Texp_, "Texp", coeffsDict_);
+    readPolynomialCoeffs(pexp_, "pexp", coeffsDict_);
+
     SuPolyL_.ll = max(SuPolyL_.ll, LFL_) + SMALL;
     SuPolyU_.ul = min(SuPolyU_.ul, UFL_) - SMALL;
 
@@ -117,7 +132,7 @@ Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::SCOPE
     if (debug)
     {
         Info<< "phi     Su  (T = Tref, p = pref)" << endl;
-        label n = 200;
+        const label n = 200;
         for (int i=0; i<n; i++)
         {
             scalar phi = (2.0*i)/n;
@@ -141,7 +156,7 @@ inline Foam::scalar Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::polyPhi
     const polynomial& a
 )
 {
-    scalar x = phi - 1.0;
+    const scalar x = phi - 1.0;
 
     return
         a[0]
@@ -196,28 +211,34 @@ inline Foam::scalar Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::SuRef
     }
 }
 
-
 inline Foam::scalar Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Ma
 (
     scalar phi
 ) const
 {
-    if (phi < MaPolyL_.ll)
+    if (phi < LFL_ || phi > UFL_)
     {
-        // Beyond the lower limit assume Ma is constant
-        return MaPolyL_.llv;
+        // Return 0 beyond the flamibility limits
+        return scalar(0);
+    }
+    else if (phi < MaPolyL_.ll)
+    {
+        // Use linear interpolation between the low end of the
+        // lower polynomial and the lower flammability limit
+        return MaPolyL_.llv*(phi - LFL_)/(MaPolyL_.ll - LFL_);
     }
     else if (phi > MaPolyU_.ul)
     {
-        // Beyond the upper limit assume Ma is constant
-        return MaPolyU_.ulv;
+        // Use linear interpolation between the upper end of the
+        // upper polynomial and the upper flammability limit
+        return MaPolyU_.ulv*(UFL_ - phi)/(UFL_ - MaPolyU_.ul);
     }
-    else if (phi < SuPolyL_.lu)
+    else if (phi < MaPolyL_.lu)
     {
         // Evaluate the lower polynomial
         return polyPhi(phi, MaPolyL_);
     }
-    else if (phi > SuPolyU_.lu)
+    else if (phi > MaPolyU_.lu)
     {
         // Evaluate the upper polynomial
         return polyPhi(phi, MaPolyU_);
@@ -242,10 +263,13 @@ inline Foam::scalar Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Su0pTphi
     scalar phi
 ) const
 {
-    static const scalar Tref = 300.0;
-    static const scalar pRef = 1.013e5;
+    constexpr scalar Tref = 300.0;
+    constexpr scalar pRef = 1.013e5;
 
-    return SuRef(phi)*pow((Tu/Tref), Texp_)*pow((p/pRef), pexp_);
+    const scalar Texp = Texp_.value(phi-1.0);
+    const scalar pexp = pexp_.value(phi-1.0);
+
+    return SuRef(phi)*pow((Tu/Tref), Texp)*pow((p/pRef), pexp);
 }
 
 
@@ -256,10 +280,16 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Su0pTphi
     scalar phi
 ) const
 {
-    auto tSu0 = volScalarField::New
+    auto tSu0 = tmp<volScalarField>::New
     (
-        "Su0",
-        IOobject::NO_REGISTER,
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Su0",
+            p.time().timeName(),
+            p.db(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
         p.mesh(),
         dimensionedScalar(dimVelocity, Zero)
     );
@@ -270,11 +300,9 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Su0pTphi
         Su0[celli] = Su0pTphi(p[celli], Tu[celli], phi);
     }
 
-    volScalarField::Boundary& Su0Bf = Su0.boundaryFieldRef();
-
-    forAll(Su0Bf, patchi)
+    forAll(Su0.boundaryField(), patchi)
     {
-        scalarField& Su0p = Su0Bf[patchi];
+        scalarField& Su0p = Su0.boundaryFieldRef()[patchi];
         const scalarField& pp = p.boundaryField()[patchi];
         const scalarField& Tup = Tu.boundaryField()[patchi];
 
@@ -295,10 +323,16 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Su0pTphi
     const volScalarField& phi
 ) const
 {
-    auto tSu0 = volScalarField::New
+    auto tSu0 = tmp<volScalarField>::New
     (
-        "Su0",
-        IOobject::NO_REGISTER,
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Su0",
+            p.time().timeName(),
+            p.db(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
         p.mesh(),
         dimensionedScalar(dimVelocity, Zero)
     );
@@ -309,11 +343,9 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Su0pTphi
         Su0[celli] = Su0pTphi(p[celli], Tu[celli], phi[celli]);
     }
 
-    volScalarField::Boundary& Su0Bf = Su0.boundaryFieldRef();
-
-    forAll(Su0Bf, patchi)
+    forAll(Su0.boundaryField(), patchi)
     {
-        scalarField& Su0p = Su0Bf[patchi];
+        scalarField& Su0p = Su0.boundaryFieldRef()[patchi];
         const scalarField& pp = p.boundaryField()[patchi];
         const scalarField& Tup = Tu.boundaryField()[patchi];
         const scalarField& phip = phi.boundaryField()[patchi];
@@ -334,15 +366,27 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Su0pTphi
 }
 
 
+Foam::scalar Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::CIn() const noexcept
+{
+    return CIn_ ;
+}
+
+
 Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Ma
 (
     const volScalarField& phi
 ) const
 {
-    auto tMa = volScalarField::New
+    auto tMa = tmp<volScalarField>::New
     (
-        "Ma",
-        IOobject::NO_REGISTER,
+        IOobject
+        (
+            "Ma",
+            phi.time().timeName(),
+            phi.db(),
+            IOobject::NO_READ,
+            IOobject::NO_WRITE
+        ),
         phi.mesh(),
         dimensionedScalar(dimless, Zero)
     );
@@ -353,11 +397,9 @@ Foam::tmp<Foam::volScalarField> Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Ma
         ma[celli] = Ma(phi[celli]);
     }
 
-    volScalarField::Boundary& maBf = ma.boundaryFieldRef();
-
-    forAll(maBf, patchi)
+    forAll(ma.boundaryField(), patchi)
     {
-        scalarField& map = maBf[patchi];
+        scalarField& map = ma.boundaryFieldRef()[patchi];
         const scalarField& phip = phi.boundaryField()[patchi];
 
         forAll(map, facei)
@@ -381,7 +423,8 @@ Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Ma() const
         (
             dimensionedScalar
             (
-                "stoichiometricAirFuelMassRatio", dimless, psiuReactionThermo_
+                "stoichiometricAirFuelMassRatio",
+                psiuReactionThermo_
             )*ft/(scalar(1) - ft)
         );
     }
@@ -389,10 +432,16 @@ Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::Ma() const
     {
         const fvMesh& mesh = psiuReactionThermo_.p().mesh();
 
-        return volScalarField::New
+        return tmp<volScalarField>::New
         (
-            "Ma",
-            IOobject::NO_REGISTER,
+            IOobject
+            (
+                "Ma",
+                mesh.time().timeName(),
+                mesh,
+                IOobject::NO_READ,
+                IOobject::NO_WRITE
+            ),
             mesh,
             dimensionedScalar("Ma", dimless, Ma(equivalenceRatio_))
         );
@@ -413,7 +462,8 @@ Foam::laminarFlameSpeedModels::SCOPE::operator()() const
             psiuReactionThermo_.Tu(),
             dimensionedScalar
             (
-                "stoichiometricAirFuelMassRatio", dimless, psiuReactionThermo_
+                "stoichiometricAirFuelMassRatio",
+                psiuReactionThermo_
             )*ft/(scalar(1) - ft)
         );
     }

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/laminarFlameSpeed/SCOPE/SCOPELaminarFlameSpeed.H

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
      \\/     M anipulation  |
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Copyright (C) 2011-2012 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 License
     This file is part of OpenFOAM.
@@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ SourceFiles
 #define SCOPE_H
 
 #include "laminarFlameSpeed.H"
+#include "Polynomial.H"
 
 // * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ class SCOPE
             scalar lu;
 
             //- Construct from dictionary
-            polynomial(const dictionary& polyDict);
+            explicit polynomial(const dictionary& polyDict);
         };
 
 
@@ -123,11 +125,14 @@ class SCOPE
         //- Upper Su polynomial
         polynomial SuPolyU_;
 
-        //- Temperature correction exponent
-        scalar Texp_;
+        //- Temperature correction exponents
+        Polynomial<7> Texp_;
 
-        //- Pressure correction exponent
-        scalar pexp_;
+        //- Pressure correction exponents
+        Polynomial<7> pexp_;
+
+        //- Additional coefficient
+        scalar CIn_;
 
         //- Lower Ma polynomial
         polynomial MaPolyL_;
@@ -136,25 +141,25 @@ class SCOPE
         polynomial MaPolyU_;
 
 
-    // Private member functions
+    // Private Member Functions
 
         //- Polynomial evaluated from the given equivalence ratio
-        //  and polynomial coefficients
+        //- and polynomial coefficients
         static inline scalar polyPhi(scalar phi, const polynomial& a);
 
         //- Laminar flame speed evaluated from the given equivalence ratio
-        //  at the reference temperature and pressure
+        //- at the reference temperature and pressure
         inline scalar SuRef(scalar phi) const;
 
         //- Markstein evaluated from the given equivalence ratio
         inline scalar Ma(scalar phi) const;
 
         //- Laminar flame speed evaluated from the given equivalence ratio
-        //  corrected for temperature and pressure dependence
+        //- corrected for temperature and pressure dependence
         inline scalar Su0pTphi(scalar p, scalar Tu, scalar phi) const;
 
         //- Laminar flame speed evaluated from the given uniform
-        //  equivalence ratio corrected for temperature and pressure dependence
+        //- equivalence ratio corrected for temperature and pressure dependence
         tmp<volScalarField> Su0pTphi
         (
             const volScalarField& p,
@@ -163,7 +168,7 @@ class SCOPE
         ) const;
 
         //- Laminar flame speed evaluated from the given equivalence ratio
-        //  distribution corrected for temperature and pressure dependence
+        //- distribution corrected for temperature and pressure dependence
         tmp<volScalarField> Su0pTphi
         (
             const volScalarField& p,
@@ -172,13 +177,14 @@ class SCOPE
         ) const;
 
         //- Return the Markstein number
-        //  evaluated from the given equivalence ratio
+        //- evaluated from the given equivalence ratio
         tmp<volScalarField> Ma(const volScalarField& phi) const;
 
-        //- Construct as copy (not implemented)
-        SCOPE(const SCOPE&);
+        //- No copy construct
+        SCOPE(const SCOPE&) = delete;
 
-        void operator=(const SCOPE&);
+        //- No copy assignment
+        void operator=(const SCOPE&) = delete;
 
 
 public:
@@ -191,8 +197,8 @@ public:
         //- Construct from dictionary and psiuReactionThermo
         SCOPE
         (
-            const dictionary&,
-            const psiuReactionThermo&
+            const dictionary& dict,
+            const psiuReactionThermo& ct
         );
 
 
@@ -202,6 +208,9 @@ public:
 
     // Member functions
 
+        //- Return CIn
+        scalar CIn() const noexcept;
+
         //- Return the Markstein number
         tmp<volScalarField> Ma() const;
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/pEqn.H

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 rho = thermo.rho();
 
 volScalarField rAU(1.0/UEqn.A());
+
 volVectorField HbyA(constrainHbyA(invA & UEqn.H(), U, p));
 
 if (pimple.transonic())
@@ -8,12 +9,7 @@ if (pimple.transonic())
     surfaceScalarField phid
     (
         "phid",
-        fvc::interpolate(psi)
-       *(
-            fvc::flux(HbyA)
-          + fvc::interpolate(rho*rAU)*fvc::ddtCorr(rho, U, phi)
-           /fvc::interpolate(rho)
-        )
+        fvc::interpolate(psi)*(fvc::flux(HbyA))
     );
 
     while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
@@ -27,7 +23,7 @@ if (pimple.transonic())
             betav*fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
         );
 
-        pEqn.solve(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter()));
+        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
 
         if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
         {
@@ -40,10 +36,7 @@ else
     surfaceScalarField phiHbyA
     (
         "phiHbyA",
-        (
-            fvc::flux(rho*HbyA)
-          + fvc::interpolate(rho*rAU)*fvc::ddtCorr(rho, U, phi)
-        )
+        fvc::flux(rho*HbyA)
     );
 
     while (pimple.correctNonOrthogonal())
@@ -57,7 +50,7 @@ else
             betav*fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
         );
 
-        pEqn.solve(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter()));
+        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
 
         if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
         {
@@ -66,6 +59,8 @@ else
     }
 }
 
+p.max(pMin);
+
 #include "rhoEqn.H"
 #include "continuityErrs.H"
 

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/readTimeControls.H

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
+  =========                 |
+  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
+   \\    /   O peration     |
+    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
+     \\/     M anipulation  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Copyright (C) 2011-2015 OpenFOAM Foundation
+    Copyright (C) 2021 OpenCFD Ltd.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+License
+    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
+
+    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+    for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Global
+    readTimeControls
+
+Description
+    Read the control parameters used by setDeltaT.
+    Modified for PDRFoam to include maxDeltaTRatio.
+
+\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+const bool adjustTimeStep =
+    runTime.controlDict().getOrDefault("adjustTimeStep", false);
+
+scalar maxCo =
+    runTime.controlDict().getOrDefault<scalar>("maxCo", 1);
+
+scalar maxDeltaT =
+    runTime.controlDict().getOrDefault<scalar>("maxDeltaT", GREAT);
+
+scalar maxDeltaTRatio =
+    runTime.controlDict().getOrDefault<scalar>("maxDeltaTRatio", 1.2);
+
+
+// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/rhoEqn.H

@@ -1,38 +1,3 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
-  =========                 |
-  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
-   \\    /   O peration     |
-    \\  /    A nd           | www.openfoam.com
-     \\/     M anipulation  |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    Copyright (C) 2011 OpenFOAM Foundation
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-License
-    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
-
-    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-    (at your option) any later version.
-
-    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
-    for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-Global
-    rhoEqn
-
-Description
-    Solve the continuity for density.
-
-\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-
 {
     solve(betav*fvm::ddt(rho) + fvc::div(phi));
 }
-
-// ************************************************************************* //

applications/solvers/combustion/PDRFoam/setDeltaT.H

@@ -36,13 +36,12 @@ Description
 if (adjustTimeStep)
 {
     scalar maxDeltaTFact = maxCo/(CoNum + StCoNum + SMALL);
-
-    const scalar deltaTFact =
-        Foam::min(Foam::min(maxDeltaTFact, 1.0 + 0.1*maxDeltaTFact), 1.2);
+    scalar deltaTFact =
+        min(min(maxDeltaTFact, 1.0 + 0.1*maxDeltaTFact), maxDeltaTRatio);
 
     runTime.setDeltaT
     (
-        Foam::min
+        min
         (
             deltaTFact*runTime.deltaTValue(),
             maxDeltaT

applications/solvers/combustion/XiFoam/Make/options

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ EXE_LIBS = \
     -lengine \
     -lturbulenceModels \
     -lcompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-    -lthermoTools \
     -lcompressibleTransportModels \
     -lfluidThermophysicalModels \
     -lreactionThermophysicalModels \

applications/solvers/combustion/XiFoam/XiDyMFoam/Make/options

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ EXE_LIBS = \
     -lengine \
     -lturbulenceModels \
     -lcompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-    -lthermoTools \
     -lcompressibleTransportModels \
     -lfluidThermophysicalModels \
     -lreactionThermophysicalModels \

applications/solvers/combustion/XiFoam/XiDyMFoam/pEqn.H

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ if (pimple.transonic())
             fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
         );
 
-        pEqn.solve(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter()));
+        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
 
         if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
         {
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ else
             fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
         );
 
-        pEqn.solve(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter()));
+        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
 
         if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
         {

applications/solvers/combustion/XiFoam/XiEngineFoam/Make/options

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ EXE_LIBS = \
     -lengine \
     -lturbulenceModels \
     -lcompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-    -lthermoTools \
     -lcompressibleTransportModels \
     -lfluidThermophysicalModels \
     -lreactionThermophysicalModels \

applications/solvers/combustion/XiFoam/XiEngineFoam/pEqn.H

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ if (pimple.transonic())
             fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
         );
 
-        pEqn.solve(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter()));
+        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
 
         if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
         {
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ else
             fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
         );
 
-        pEqn.solve(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter()));
+        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
 
         if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
         {

applications/solvers/combustion/XiFoam/bEqn.H

@@ -171,7 +171,10 @@ if (ign.ignited())
 
         fvOptions.correct(Su);
 
-        Su.clamp_range(SuMin, SuMax);
+        // Limit the maximum Su
+        // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+        Su.min(SuMax);
+        Su.max(SuMin);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -215,7 +218,7 @@ if (ign.ignited())
           + (
                 scalar(1)
               + (2*XiShapeCoef)
-               *(scalar(0.5) - clamp(b, zero_one{}))
+               *(scalar(0.5) - min(max(b, scalar(0)), scalar(1)))
             )*(XiEqStar - scalar(1.001))
         );
 
@@ -223,7 +226,7 @@ if (ign.ignited())
         volScalarField R(Gstar*XiEqStar/(XiEqStar - scalar(1)));
         volScalarField G(R*(XiEq - scalar(1.001))/XiEq);
 
-        //R *= (Gstar + 2*mag(devSymm(fvc::grad(U))))/Gstar;
+        //R *= (Gstar + 2*mag(dev(symm(fvc::grad(U)))))/Gstar;
 
         // Solve for the flame wrinkling
         // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

applications/solvers/combustion/XiFoam/pEqn.H

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ if (pimple.transonic())
             fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
         );
 
-        pEqn.solve(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter()));
+        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
 
         if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
         {
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ else
             fvOptions(psi, p, rho.name())
         );
 
-        pEqn.solve(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter()));
+        pEqn.solve(mesh.solver(p.select(pimple.finalInnerIter())));
 
         if (pimple.finalNonOrthogonalIter())
         {

applications/solvers/combustion/chemFoam/YEqn.H

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
         solve
         (
             fvm::ddt(rho, Yi) - chemistry.RR(specieI),
-            "Yi"
+            mesh.solver("Yi")
         );
     }
 }

applications/solvers/combustion/chemFoam/createBaseFields.H

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Info<< "Creating base fields for time " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
             mesh,
             IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE,
-            IOobject::NO_REGISTER
+            false
         ),
         mesh,
         dimensionedScalar("Ydefault", dimless, 1)
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Info<< "Creating base fields for time " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
             mesh,
             IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE,
-            IOobject::NO_REGISTER
+            false
         ),
         mesh,
         dimensionedScalar("p", dimPressure, p0)
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Info<< "Creating base fields for time " << runTime.timeName() << endl;
             mesh,
             IOobject::READ_IF_PRESENT,
             IOobject::NO_WRITE,
-            IOobject::NO_REGISTER
+            false
         ),
         mesh,
         dimensionedScalar("T", dimTemperature, T0)

applications/solvers/combustion/chemFoam/setDeltaT.H

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 if (adjustTimeStep)
 {
-    runTime.setDeltaT(Foam::min(dtChem, maxDeltaT));
-
-    Info<< "deltaT = " <<  runTime.deltaTValue() << endl;
+    runTime.setDeltaT(min(dtChem, maxDeltaT));
+    Info<< "deltaT = " <<  runTime.deltaT().value() << endl;
 }

applications/solvers/combustion/chemFoam/solveChemistry.H

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-dtChem = chemistry.solve(runTime.deltaTValue());
+dtChem = chemistry.solve(runTime.deltaT().value());
 scalar Qdot = chemistry.Qdot()()[0]/rho[0];
-integratedHeat += Qdot*runTime.deltaTValue();
+integratedHeat += Qdot*runTime.deltaT().value();

applications/solvers/combustion/coldEngineFoam/Make/options

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ EXE_LIBS = \
     -lengine \
     -lturbulenceModels \
     -lcompressibleTurbulenceModels \
-    -lthermoTools \
     -lcompressibleTransportModels \
     -lfluidThermophysicalModels \
     -lspecie